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Kalaimani K, Balachandran S, Boopathy LK, Roy A, Jayachandran B, Sankaranarayanan S, Arumugam MK. Recent advancements in small interfering RNA (siRNA) based therapeutic approach on breast cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2024:176877. [PMID: 39128807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common and malignant tumor diagnosed in women, with 2.9 million cases in 2023 and the fifth highest cancer-causing mortality worldwide. Recent developments in targeted therapy options for BC have demonstrated the promising potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based cancer therapeutic approaches. As BC continues to be a global burden, siRNA therapy emerges as a potential treatment strategy to regulate disease-related genes in other types of cancers, including BC. siRNAs are tiny RNA molecules that, by preventing their expression, can specifically silence genes linked to the development of cancer. In order to increase the stability and effectiveness of siRNA delivery to BC cells, minimize off-target effects, and improve treatment efficacy, advanced delivery technologies such as lipid nanoparticles and nanocarriers have been created. Additionally, combination therapies, such as siRNAs that target multiple pathways are used in conjunction with conventional chemotherapy agents, have shown synergistic effects in various preclinical studies, opening up new treatment options for breast cancer that are personalized and precision medicine-oriented. Targeting important genes linked to BC growth, metastasis, and chemo-resistance has been reported in BC research using siRNA-based therapies. This study reviews recent reports on therapeutic approaches to siRNA for advanced treatment of BC. Furthermore, this review evaluates the role and mechanisms of siRNA in BC and demonstrates the potential of exploiting siRNA as a novel target for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathirvel Kalaimani
- Cancer Biology lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shana Balachandran
- Cancer Biology lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Boopathy
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai- 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anitha Roy
- Department of pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai- 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhuvaneshwari Jayachandran
- Cancer Biology lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sangamithra Sankaranarayanan
- Cancer Biology lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Cancer Biology lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Sun L, Ke M, Yin M, Zeng Y, Ji Y, Hu Y, Fu S, Zhang C. Extracellular vesicle-encapsulated microRNA-296-3p from cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes ovarian cancer development through regulation of the PTEN/AKT and SOCS6/STAT3 pathways. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:155-169. [PMID: 37972389 PMCID: PMC10823290 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as important components of the tumor microenvironment, can regulate intercellular communication and tumor development by secreting extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, the role of CAF-derived EVs in ovarian cancer has not been fully elucidated. Here, using an EV-microRNA sequencing analysis, we reveal specific overexpression of microRNA (miR)-296-3p in activated CAF-derived EVs, which can be transferred to tumor cells to regulate the malignant phenotypes of ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, overexpression of miR-296-3p significantly promotes the proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, as well as tumor growth in vivo, while its inhibition has the opposite effects. Further mechanistic studies reveal that miR-296-3p promotes ovarian cancer progression by directly targeting PTEN and SOCS6 and activating AKT and STAT3 signaling pathways. Importantly, increased expression of miR-296-3p encapsulated in plasma EVs is closely correlated with tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in patients with ovarian cancer. Our results highlight the cancer-promoting role of CAF-derived EVs carrying miR-296-3p in ovarian cancer progression for the first time, and suggest that miR-296-3p encapsulated in CAF-derived EVs could be a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
- Department of BiologyHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Miaola Ke
- Department of Blood Transfusion, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Mengyuan Yin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Zeng
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yutong Ji
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yiming Hu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Songbin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of EducationHarbinChina
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of EducationHarbinChina
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3
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Hua T, Xue Y, Sarker DB, Kiran S, Li Y, Sang QXA. Modeling human brain rhabdoid tumor by inactivating tumor suppressor genes in induced pluripotent stem cells. Bioact Mater 2024; 31:136-150. [PMID: 37637078 PMCID: PMC10448240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a rare childhood malignancy that originates in the central nervous system. Over ninety-five percent of ATRT patients have biallelic inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene SMARCB1. ATRT has no standard treatment, and a major limiting factor in therapeutic development is the lack of reliable ATRT models. We employed CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology to knock out SMARCB1 and TP53 genes in human episomal induced pluripotent stem cells (Epi-iPSCs), followed by brief neural induction, to generate an ATRT-like model. The dual knockout Epi-iPSCs retained their stemness with the capacity to differentiate into three germ layers. High expression of OCT4 and NANOG in neurally induced knockout spheroids was comparable to that in two ATRT cell lines. Beta-catenin protein expression was higher in SMARCB1-deficient cells and spheroids than in normal Epi-iPSC-derived spheroids. Nucleophosmin, Osteopontin, and Ki-67 proteins were also expressed by the SMARCB1-deficient spheroids. In summary, the tumor model resembled embryonal features of ATRT and expressed ATRT biomarkers at mRNA and protein levels. Ribociclib, PTC-209, and the combination of clofilium tosylate and pazopanib decreased the viability of the ATRT-like cells. This disease modeling scheme may enable the establishment of individualized tumor models with patient-specific mutations and facilitate high-throughput drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Hua
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4390, USA
| | - Yu Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4390, USA
| | - Drishty B. Sarker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4390, USA
| | - Sonia Kiran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4390, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-6046, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4380, USA
| | - Qing-Xiang Amy Sang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4390, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4380, USA
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4
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Wang Y, Yao N, Sun J. Upregulation of miR-194-5p or silencing of PRC1 enhances radiotherapy sensitivity in esophageal squamous carcinoma cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22282. [PMID: 38046164 PMCID: PMC10686870 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the possible molecular mechanism of miR-194-5p/PRC1/Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis that regulates the invasive metastatic ability and radiotherapy sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Methods ESCC-related differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by microarray analysis, followed by the identification of a putative target. The targeting relationship between miR-194-5p and PRC1 was assayed. A series of mimic and shRNA were transfected into ESCC cells to find out the mechanism of miR-194-5p in ESCC by regulating PRC1 through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and their effect on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and radiosensitivity as well as xenograft tumor growth and metastasis in nude mice. Results We demonstrated low miR-194-5p expression and high PRC1 expression in ESCC tissues and cells. PRC1 was confirmed as a putative target for miR-194-5p. High miR-194-5p or silenced PRC1 enhanced ESCC cell radiosensitivity but reduced proliferation, invasion, and migration via PRC1 through modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Animal experiments also validated that overexpression of miR-194-5p suppressed tumorigenesis and in vivo metastasis in nude mice.Conclusion: miR-194-5p can inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through down-regulation of the PRC1 gene, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of ESCC cells to radiotherapy and attenuating the invasion and metastasis ability of ESCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ninghua Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
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Kimura K, Jackson TLB, Huang RCC. Interaction and Collaboration of SP1, HIF-1, and MYC in Regulating the Expression of Cancer-Related Genes to Further Enhance Anticancer Drug Development. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9262-9283. [PMID: 37998757 PMCID: PMC10670631 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Specificity protein 1 (SP1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), and MYC are important transcription factors (TFs). SP1, a constitutively expressed housekeeping gene, regulates diverse yet distinct biological activities; MYC is a master regulator of all key cellular activities including cell metabolism and proliferation; and HIF-1, whose protein level is rapidly increased when the local tissue oxygen concentration decreases, functions as a mediator of hypoxic signals. Systems analyses of the regulatory networks in cancer have shown that SP1, HIF-1, and MYC belong to a group of TFs that function as master regulators of cancer. Therefore, the contributions of these TFs are crucial to the development of cancer. SP1, HIF-1, and MYC are often overexpressed in tumors, which indicates the importance of their roles in the development of cancer. Thus, proper manipulation of SP1, HIF-1, and MYC by appropriate agents could have a strong negative impact on cancer development. Under these circumstances, these TFs have naturally become major targets for anticancer drug development. Accordingly, there are currently many SP1 or HIF-1 inhibitors available; however, designing efficient MYC inhibitors has been extremely difficult. Studies have shown that SP1, HIF-1, and MYC modulate the expression of each other and collaborate to regulate the expression of numerous genes. In this review, we provide an overview of the interactions and collaborations of SP1, HIF1A, and MYC in the regulation of various cancer-related genes, and their potential implications in the development of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ru Chih C. Huang
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2685, USA
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Andrade de Oliveira K, Sengupta S, Yadav AK, Clarke R. The complex nature of heterogeneity and its roles in breast cancer biology and therapeutic responsiveness. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1083048. [PMID: 36909339 PMCID: PMC9997040 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1083048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity is a complex feature of cells and tissues with many interacting components. Depending on the nature of the research context, interacting features of cellular, drug response, genetic, molecular, spatial, temporal, and vascular heterogeneity may be present. We describe the various forms of heterogeneity with examples of their interactions and how they play a role in affecting cellular phenotype and drug responses in breast cancer. While cellular heterogeneity may be the most widely described and invoked, many forms of heterogeneity are evident within the tumor microenvironment and affect responses to the endocrine and cytotoxic drugs widely used in standard clinical care. Drug response heterogeneity is a critical determinant of clinical response and curative potential and also is multifaceted when encountered. The interactive nature of some forms of heterogeneity is readily apparent. For example, the process of metastasis has the properties of both temporal and spatial heterogeneity within the host, whereas each individual metastatic deposit may exhibit cellular, genetic, molecular, and vascular heterogeneity. This review describes the many forms of heterogeneity, their integrated activities, and offers some insights into how heterogeneity may be understood and studied in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Andrade de Oliveira
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Piaui, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Surojeet Sengupta
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States
| | - Anil Kumar Yadav
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States
| | - Robert Clarke
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States
- *Correspondence: Robert Clarke,
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Taraschi A, Cimini C, Colosimo A, Ramal-Sanchez M, Valbonetti L, Bernabò N, Barboni B. An interactive analysis of the mouse oviductal miRNA profiles. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1015360. [PMID: 36340025 PMCID: PMC9627480 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1015360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding molecules that control several cellular functions and act as negative post-transcriptional regulators of the mRNA. While their implication in several biological functions is already known, an important role as regulators of different physiological and pathological processes in fertilization and embryo development is currently emerging. Indeed, miRNAs have been found in the oviductal fluid packaged within the extracellular vesicles, which might act as natural nanoshuttles by transporting lipids, proteins, RNA molecules and miRNAs from the oviduct to the gametes or embryos. Here, an exhaustive bibliography search was carried out, followed by the construction of a computational model based on the networks theory in an attempt to recreate and elucidate the pathways potentially activated by the oviductal miRNA. The omics data published to date were gathered to create the Oviductal MiRNome, in which the miRNA target genes and their interactions are represented by using stringApp and the Network analyzer from Cytoscape 3.7.2. Then, the hyperlinked nodes were identified to investigate the pathways in which they are involved using the gene ontology enrichment analysis. To study the phenotypical effects after the removal of key genes on the reproductive system and embryo, knockout mouse lines for every protein-coding gene were investigated by using the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium database. The creation of the Oviductal MiRNome revealed the presence of important genes and their interactions within the network. The functional enrichment analysis revealed that the hyperlinked nodes are involved in fundamental cellular functions, both structural and regulatory/signaling, suggesting their implication in fertilization and early embryo development. This fact was as well evidenced by the effects of the gene deletion in KO mice on the reproductive system and embryo development. The present study highlights the importance of studying the miRNA profiles and their enormous potential as tools to improve the assisted reproductive techniques currently used in human and animal reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Taraschi
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Dell’Abruzzo e Del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Costanza Cimini
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessia Colosimo
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Marina Ramal-Sanchez
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Luca Valbonetti
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (CNR-IBBC/EMMA/Infrafrontier/IMPC), National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Bernabò
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (CNR-IBBC/EMMA/Infrafrontier/IMPC), National Research Council, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Nicola Bernabò,
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Wang X, Qiu Z, Dong W, Yang Z, Wang J, Xu H, Sun T, Huang Z, Jin J. S1PR1 induces metabolic reprogramming of ceramide in vascular endothelial cells, affecting hepatocellular carcinoma angiogenesis and progression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:768. [PMID: 36068200 PMCID: PMC9448762 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a fundamental process underlying the occurrence, growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a prevalent tumour type with an extremely poor prognosis due to abundant vasculature. However, the underlying mechanism of angiogenesis in HCC remains largely unknown. Herein, we found that sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) plays an important role in HCC angiogenesis. S1PR1 was found to be selectively and highly expressed in the blood vessels of HCC tissues compared with those of paratumour tissues. Functionally, high expression of S1PR1 in endothelial cells (ECs) promoted angiogenesis and progression of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, proangiogenic factors (S1P, IL-6, VEGFA) in conditioned medium from HCC cells induced the upregulation of S1PR1 in ECs via the phosphorylation of STAT3 at Y705. Further study also revealed that S1PR1 promotes angiogenesis by decreasing ceramide levels via CerS3 downregulation. Interestingly, we demonstrated that S1PR1 downregulates CerS3 by inducing CerS6 translocation into the nucleus to inhibit CerS3 at the transcriptional level in ECs. In addition, we found that a high concentration of Lenvatinib significantly downregulated the expression of S1PR1 and obviously enhanced S1PR1 knockdown-mediated angiogenesis inhibition, indicating that S1PR1 may be a target by which Lenvatinib combats angiogenesis in HCC. Thus, S1PR1 may be an important target for suppressing angiogenesis in HCC, and inhibiting S1PR1 is a promising approach to antitumor therapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehong Wang
- grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548China‒USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548China‒USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,Department of General Surgery, Yantian District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518081 Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Dong
- grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548China‒USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China
| | - Zebin Yang
- grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548China‒USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China
| | - Junnan Wang
- grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548China‒USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China
| | - Hailiang Xu
- grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548China‒USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China
| | - Tian Sun
- grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548China‒USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China
| | - Zhaoquan Huang
- grid.412594.f0000 0004 1757 2961Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530000 Nanning, Guangxi China ,grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China
| | - Junfei Jin
- grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.452806.d0000 0004 1758 1729Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548China‒USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, 541001 Guilin, Guangxi China
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9
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Al-Nadaf S, Peacott-Ricardos KS, Dickinson PJ, Rebhun RB, York D. Expression and therapeutic targeting of BMI1 in canine gliomas. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:871-880. [PMID: 35833892 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger protein (BMI1) is a key component of the epigenetic polycomb repressor complex 1, and has been associated with aggressive behavior and chemotherapeutic resistance in various malignances including human gliomas. Similar to humans, spontaneous canine gliomas carry a poor prognosis with limited therapeutic options. BMI1 expression and the effects of BMI1 inhibition have not been evaluated in canine gliomas. Here, we demonstrate that BMI1 is highly expressed in canine gliomas. Although increased BMI1 protein expression correlated with higher glioma grade in western blot assays, this correlation was not observed in a larger sample set using immunohistochemical analysis. The BMI1 inhibitor, PTC-209, suppressed BMI1 expression in established canine glioma cell lines and resulted in antiproliferative activity when used alone and in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. PTC-209 targeting of BMI1 activated the RB pathway through downregulation of total and phosphorylated RB, independent of INK4A/ARF signaling, likely through BMI1-inhibition mediated upregulation of p21. These data support the rationale for targeting of BMI1 signaling and the use of canine glioma as a translational therapeutic model for human disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Al-Nadaf
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kyle S Peacott-Ricardos
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Peter J Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Daniel York
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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10
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Alonso-González C, González-Abalde C, Menéndez-Menéndez J, González-González A, Álvarez-García V, González-Cabeza A, Martínez-Campa C, Cos S. Melatonin Modulation of Radiation-Induced Molecular Changes in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051088. [PMID: 35625825 PMCID: PMC9138876 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is an important component of cancer treatment scheduled for cancer patients, although it can cause numerous deleterious effects. The use of adjuvant molecules aims to limit the damage in normal surrounding tissues and enhance the effects of radiation therapy, either killing tumor cells or slowing down their growth. Melatonin, an indoleamine released by the pineal gland, behaves as a radiosensitizer in breast cancer, since it enhances the therapeutic effects of ionizing radiation and mitigates side effects on normal cells. However, the molecular mechanisms through which melatonin modulates the molecular changes triggered by radiotherapy remain mostly unknown. Here, we report that melatonin potentiated the anti-proliferative effect of radiation in MCF-7 cells. Treatment with ionizing radiation induced changes in the expression of many genes. Out of a total of 25 genes altered by radiation, melatonin potentiated changes in 13 of them, whereas the effect was reverted in another 10 cases. Among them, melatonin elevated the levels of PTEN and NME1, and decreased the levels of SNAI2, ERBB2, AKT, SERPINE1, SFN, PLAU, ATM and N3RC1. We also analyzed the expression of several microRNAs and found that melatonin enhanced the effect of radiation on the levels of miR-20a, miR-19a, miR-93, miR-20b and miR-29a. Rather surprisingly, radiation induced miR-17, miR-141 and miR-15a but melatonin treatment prior to radiation counteracted this stimulatory effect. Radiation alone enhanced the expression of the cancer suppressor miR-34a, and melatonin strongly stimulated this effect. Melatonin further enhanced the radiation-mediated inhibition of Akt. Finally, in an in vivo assay, melatonin restrained new vascularization in combination with ionizing radiation. Our results confirm that melatonin blocks many of the undesirable effects of ionizing radiation in MCF-7 cells and enhances changes that lead to optimized treatment results. This article highlights the effectiveness of melatonin as both a radiosensitizer and a radioprotector in breast cancer. Melatonin is an effective adjuvant molecule to radiotherapy, promoting anti-cancer therapeutic effects in cancer treatment. Melatonin modulates molecular pathways altered by radiation, and its use in clinic might lead to improved therapeutic outcomes by enhancing the sensitivity of cancerous cells to radiation and, in general, reversing their resistance toward currently applied therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Alonso-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (C.A.-G.); (C.G.-A.); (J.M.-M.); (V.Á.-G.); (S.C.)
| | - Cristina González-Abalde
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (C.A.-G.); (C.G.-A.); (J.M.-M.); (V.Á.-G.); (S.C.)
| | - Javier Menéndez-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (C.A.-G.); (C.G.-A.); (J.M.-M.); (V.Á.-G.); (S.C.)
| | - Alicia González-González
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-CIMES-UMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Virginia Álvarez-García
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (C.A.-G.); (C.G.-A.); (J.M.-M.); (V.Á.-G.); (S.C.)
| | - Alicia González-Cabeza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (C.A.-G.); (C.G.-A.); (J.M.-M.); (V.Á.-G.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.-C.); (C.M.-C.); Tel.: +34-942-201965 (A.G.-C.); +34-942-201963 (C.M.-C.)
| | - Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (C.A.-G.); (C.G.-A.); (J.M.-M.); (V.Á.-G.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.-C.); (C.M.-C.); Tel.: +34-942-201965 (A.G.-C.); +34-942-201963 (C.M.-C.)
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (C.A.-G.); (C.G.-A.); (J.M.-M.); (V.Á.-G.); (S.C.)
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11
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Lima de Oliveira J, Moré Milan T, Longo Bighetti‐Trevisan R, Fernandes RR, Leopoldino AM, Almeida LO. Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells: a route to acquired cisplatin resistance through epigenetics in HNSCC. Oral Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lima de Oliveira
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Thaís Moré Milan
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Rayana Longo Bighetti‐Trevisan
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Roger Rodrigo Fernandes
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Luciana Oliveira Almeida
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
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12
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Wu HJ, Chu PY. Epigenetic Regulation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells Contributing to Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158113. [PMID: 34360879 PMCID: PMC8348144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer has remained the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous and phenotypically diverse group of diseases, which require different selection of treatments. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), a small subset of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties, play essential roles in breast cancer progression, recurrence, metastasis, chemoresistance and treatments. Epigenetics is defined as inheritable changes in gene expression without alteration in DNA sequence. Epigenetic regulation includes DNA methylation and demethylation, as well as histone modifications. Aberrant epigenetic regulation results in carcinogenesis. In this review, the mechanism of epigenetic regulation involved in carcinogenesis, therapeutic resistance and metastasis of BCSCs will be discussed, and finally, the therapies targeting these biomarkers will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Ju Wu
- Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
- Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Lukang Town, Changhua 505, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Health Food, Chung Chou University of Science and Technology, Changhua 510, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-975611855; Fax: +886-47227116
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13
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Zhang X, Niu Y, Huang Y. Melatonin inhibits cell proliferation in a rat model of breast hyperplasia by mediating the PTEN/AKT pathway. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:66. [PMID: 34184749 PMCID: PMC8020212 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a rat model of breast hyperplasia was established via the administration of estradiol benzoate and progesterone. Subsequent changes associated with breast hyperplasia were then investigated by measuring the diameter and height of the nipples and by staining breast tissue with hematoxylin and eosin. The proliferation and apoptosis of hyperplastic cells in the breast tissue were then determined by analyzing the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cleaved-caspase-3 by immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining. We also determined the expression of proteins associated with the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway by western blotting. Melatonin treatment led to a significant reduction in the degree of breast hyperplasia (P<0.05), a significant reduction in PCNA, a significant increase in the level of apoptosis (P<0.05), a significant increase in PTEN (P<0.05), and a significant reduction in AKT/p-AKT (P<0.05). Furthermore, melatonin significantly decreased the aggravation of breast hyperplasia induced by application of a PTEN inhibitor. Melatonin reduced the degree of breast hyperplasia, reduced the proliferation of hyperplastic breast tissue cells, and promoted cell apoptosis in hyperplastic tissue. These effects were achieved by the specific regulation of proteins in the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjian Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yingqun Niu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Yibo Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
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14
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miR-934 promotes breast cancer metastasis by regulation of PTEN and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Tissue Cell 2021; 71:101581. [PMID: 34147851 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among females. Over 90 % of the cases of death in BC patients are attributed to tumor cell metastasis. Therefore, it is urgently needed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of BC metastasis. The expression of miRNA in BC was evaluated by qRT-PCR and bioinformatics analysis. Clone formation, EdU assays, and subcutaneous xenograft model were used to test the growth of BC cells. Wound healing, transwell assays, and lung-metastasis model were used to explore the effect of miR-934 knockdown on cell metastasis. The miR-934 targets in BC were identified through bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays. The expression of protein was tested by western blot. The binding of mRNA and RNA-binding-protein was verified using RIP assays. miR-934 expression was significantly elevated in BC tissues, especially in those with lymph node metastasis and associated with poor patient prognosis. Experiments in vitro and in vivo showed that that upregulated miR-934 was not necessarily required for the growth of BC cells. However, miR-934 knockdown significantly inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of BC cells. Moreover, PTEN as identified as the direct target of miR-934 in BC, and miR-934 could promote BC cell metastasis by regulation of PTEN and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our results suggested that targeting miR-934 may be a practical treatment for BC cell metastasis.
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15
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Zhang YQ, Liang YK, Wu Y, Chen M, Chen WL, Li RH, Zeng YZ, Huang WH, Wu JD, Zeng D, Gao WL, Chen CF, Lin HY, Yang RQ, Zhu JW, Liu WL, Bai JW, Wei M, Wei XL, Zhang GJ. Notch3 inhibits cell proliferation and tumorigenesis and predicts better prognosis in breast cancer through transactivating PTEN. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:502. [PMID: 34006834 PMCID: PMC8131382 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Notch receptors (Notch1-4) play critical roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis of malignant tumors, including breast cancer. Although abnormal Notch activation is related to various tumors, the importance of single receptors and their mechanism of activation in distinct breast cancer subtypes are still unclear. Previous studies by our group demonstrated that Notch3 may inhibit the emergence and progression of breast cancer. PTEN is a potent tumor suppressor, and its loss of function is sufficient to promote the occurrence and progression of tumors. Intriguingly, numerous studies have revealed that Notch1 is involved in the regulation of PTEN through its binding to CBF-1, a Notch transcription factor, and the PTEN promoter. In this study, we found that Notch3 and PTEN levels correlated with the luminal phenotype in breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Notch3 transactivated PTEN by binding CSL-binding elements in the PTEN promoter and, at least in part, inhibiting the PTEN downstream AKT-mTOR pathway. Notably, Notch3 knockdown downregulated PTEN and promoted cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. In contrast, overexpression of the Notch3 intracellular domain upregulated PTEN and inhibited cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, inhibition or overexpression of PTEN partially reversed the promotion or inhibition of cell proliferation induced by Notch3 alterations. In general, Notch3 expression positively correlated with elevated expression of PTEN, ER, lower Ki-67 index, and incidence of involved node status and predicted better recurrence-free survival in breast cancer patients. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that Notch3 inhibits breast cancer proliferation and suppresses tumorigenesis by transactivating PTEN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qu Zhang
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
- Department of Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Yuan-Ke Liang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Min Chen
- Clinical Central Research Core, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei-Ling Chen
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Rong-Hui Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun-Zhu Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-He Huang
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun-Dong Wu
- Department of Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - De Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-Liang Gao
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Chun-Fa Chen
- Department of Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Hao-Yu Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou, China
| | - Rui-Qin Yang
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiang-Wen Zhu
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Wan-Ling Liu
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing-Wen Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Wei
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Long Wei
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China.
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Road, Xiamen, China.
- Clinical Central Research Core, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, China.
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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16
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Xu Z, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Xuan F, Fan M, Zhou D, Liuyang Z, Ma X, Hong Y, Wang Y, Sharma S, Dong Q, Wang G. Targeting BMI-1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition to inhibit colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1274-1285. [PMID: 34094833 PMCID: PMC8148062 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver is the most common metastatic site for colorectal cancer (CRC), there is no satisfied approach to treat CRC liver metastasis (CRCLM). Here, we investigated the role of a polycomb protein BMI-1 in CRCLM. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that BMI-1 expression in liver metastases was upregulated and associated with T4 stage, invasion depth and right-sided primary tumor. Knockdown BMI-1 in high metastatic HCT116 and LOVO cells repressed the migratory/invasive phenotype and reversed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), while BMI-1 overexpression in low metastatic Ls174T and DLD1 cells enhanced invasiveness and EMT. The effects of BMI-1 in CRC cells were related to upregulating snail via AKT/GSK-3β pathway. Furthermore, knockdown BMI-1 in HCT116 and LOVO cells reduced CRCLM using experimental liver metastasis mice model. Meanwhile, BMI-1 overexpression in Ls174T and DLD1 significantly increased CRCLM. Moreover, sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase and BMI-1 inhibitor, reduced HCT116 and LOVO liver metastasis in immunodeficient mice. Our results suggest that BMI-1 is a major regulator of CRCLM and provide a potent molecular target for CRCLM treatment.
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Key Words
- AKT
- ANOVA, One-way analysis of variance
- BMI-1
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- CRCLM, colorectal cancer liver metastasis
- Colorectal cancer
- EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- GSK-3β
- HDACi, histone deacetylase inhibitor
- HE, hematoxylin and eosin
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LNM, lymph node metastasis
- Liver metastasis
- NaB, sodium butyrate
- PBS, phosphate buffered solution
- PcG, polycomb-group
- Snail
- Sodium butyrate
- TCGA, Cancer Genome Atlas
- qPCR, real time polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Xu
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Zhuha Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Feichao Xuan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Mengjing Fan
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Difan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Zhenyu Liuyang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Ximei Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yiyang Hong
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yihong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Sherven Sharma
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, and the Veterans Affairs, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qinghua Dong
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Guanyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
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lncRNA PVT1 in the Pathogenesis and Clinical Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050664. [PMID: 33947142 PMCID: PMC8145429 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNA PVT1 (plasmacytoma variant translocation 1) has become a staple of the lncRNA profile in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Common dysregulation in renal tumors outlines the essential role of PVT1 in the development of RCC. There is already a plethora of publications trying to uncover the cellular mechanisms of PVT1-mediated regulation and its potential exploitation in management of RCC. In this review, we summarize the literature focused on PVT1 in RCC and aim to synthesize the current knowledge on its role in the cells of the kidney. Further, we provide an overview of the lncRNA profiling studies that have identified a more or less significant association of PVT1 with the clinical behavior of RCC. Based on our search, we analyzed the 17 scientific papers discussed in this review that provide robust support for the indispensable role of PVT1 in RCC development and future personalized therapy.
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18
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Zhao Y, Zheng X, Zheng Y, Chen Y, Fei W, Wang F, Zheng C. Extracellular Matrix: Emerging Roles and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650453. [PMID: 33968752 PMCID: PMC8100244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important regulator of breast cancer (BC). The ECM comprises of highly variable and dynamic components. Compared with normal breast tissue under homeostasis, the ECM undergoes many changes in composition and organization during BC progression. Induced ECM proteins, including fibrinogen, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, and matricellular proteins, have been identified as important components of BC metastatic cells in recent years. These proteins play major roles in BC progression, invasion, and metastasis. Importantly, several specific ECM molecules, receptors, and remodeling enzymes are involved in promoting resistance to therapeutic intervention. Additional analysis of these ECM proteins and their downstream signaling pathways may reveal promising therapeutic targets against BC. These potential drug targets may be combined with new nanoparticle technologies. This review summarizes recent advances in functional nanoparticles that target the ECM to treat BC. Accurate nanomaterials may offer a new approach to BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Rong G, Yi Z, Ma F, Guan Y, Xu Y, Li L, Xu B. DNA damage response as a prognostic indicator in metastatic breast cancer via mutational analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:220. [PMID: 33708847 PMCID: PMC7940884 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-2137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background High tumor heterogeneity contributes to breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. However, the lack of indicators to serve as precise and reliable means of predicting breast cancer prognosis has yet to be addressed. This study aims to reveal the prognostic relevance of mutations in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) by large-scale circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis in China. Methods We performed ctDNA panel-captured sequencing of 958 blood samples from MBC patients including 494 hormone receptor (HR)-positive cases, 130 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive cases, and 177 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cases. The somatic mutations and potential targets were assessed. Progression-free survival (PFS) was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results In 801 of the 958 MBC blood samples, 663 mutated genes and 5,829 nonsynonymous alterations were identified. Mutated genes of the highest frequency were tumor protein p53 (TP53, 54%), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA, 41%), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1, 12%), myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia protein 3 (MLL3, 11%), DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A, 10%), erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2, 10%), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3, 8%), FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1, 7%), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN, 6%), and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MAP3K1, 6%). Enriched mutations and driver genes in MBC varied across stages and in multiple subtypes. Moreover, TP53, ERBB2, or coexisting TP53/PIK3CA mutations in MBC were remarkably related with shorter PFS. Mutated DNA damage response (DDR) genes were significantly associated with tumor mutation burden and mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity score, as well as with worse clinical outcome. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the mutations of TP53, PIK3CA, ERBB2, and in particular, DDR genes, in MBC might be relevant indicators of unfavorable prognosis in MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Rong
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zongbi Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Guan
- Geneplus-Beijing, Beijing, China.,Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Xu
- Geneplus-Beijing, Beijing, China.,Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Geneplus-Beijing, Beijing, China.,Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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20
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The cross-talk between signaling pathways, noncoding RNAs and DNA damage response: Emerging players in cancer progression. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 98:103036. [PMID: 33429260 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.103036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) pathway's primary purpose is to maintain the genome structure's integrity and stability. A great deal of effort has done to understand the exact molecular mechanisms of non-coding RNAs, such as lncRNA, miRNAs, and circRNAs, in distinct cellular and genomic processes and cancer progression. In this regard, the ncRNAs possible regulatory role in DDR via modulation of key components expression and controlling repair signaling pathway activation is validated. Therefore, in this article, we will discuss the latest developments of ncRNAs contribution in different aspects of DNA repair through regulation of ATM-ATR, P53, and other regulatory signaling pathways.
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21
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Chen D, Cheng L, Cao H, Liu W. Role of microRNA-381 in bladder cancer growth and metastasis with the involvement of BMI1 and the Rho/ROCK axis. BMC Urol 2021; 21:5. [PMID: 33407350 PMCID: PMC7789167 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence has noted the important participation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in several human diseases including cancer. This research was launched to probe the function of miR-381 in bladder cancer (BCa) progression. Methods Twenty-eight patients with primary BCa were included in this study. Cancer tissues and the adjacent normal tissues were obtained. Aberrantly expressed miRNAs in BCa tissues were analyzed using miRNA microarrays. miR-381 expression in the bladder and paired tumor tissues, and in BCa and normal cell lines was determined. The target relationship between miR-381 and BMI1 was predicted online and validated through a luciferase assay. Gain-of-functions of miR-381 and BMI1 were performed to identify their functions on BCa cell behaviors as well as tumor growth in vivo. The involvement of the Rho/ROCK signaling was identified. Results miR-381 was poor regulated in BCa tissues and cells (all p < 0.05). A higher miR-381 level indicated a better prognosis of patients with BCa. Artificial up-regulation of miR-381 inhibited proliferation, invasion, migration, resistance to apoptosis, and tumor formation ability of BCa T24 and RT4 cells (all p < 0.05). miR-381 was found to directly bind to BMI1 and was negatively correlated with BMI1 expression. Overexpression of BMI1 partially blocked the tumor suppressing roles of miR-381 in cell malignancy and tumor growth (all p < 0.05). In addition, miR-381 led to decreased RhoA phosphorylation and ROCK2 activation, which were also reversed by BMI1 (all p < 0.05). Artificial inhibition of the Rho/ROCK signaling blocked the functions of BMI1 in cell growth and metastasis (all p < 0.05). Conclusion The study evidenced that miR-381 may act as a beneficiary biomarker in BCa patients. Up-regulation of miR-381 suppresses BCa development both in vivo and in vitro through BMI1 down-regulation and the Rho/ROCK inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayin Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348, Dexiang Street, Jiamusi, 154002, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348, Dexiang Street, Jiamusi, 154002, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifeng Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348, Dexiang Street, Jiamusi, 154002, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wensi Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348, Dexiang Street, Jiamusi, 154002, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
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22
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Ren X, Wang Z, Guo C. MiR-195-5p Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating the PTEN-AKT Signaling Pathway. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:1231-1242. [PMID: 33958865 PMCID: PMC8093143 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s297975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiR-195-5p has been shown to play crucial roles in tumor inhibition, but its biological functions in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury are unclear. METHODS To mimic cerebral I/R injury, mice were induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) were treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic I/R injury in vitro. The expression of miR-195-5p and PTEN was detected by qRT-PCR or Western blot. Cell viability was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometer. Cell death was detected using specific lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity kit. Infarct volume in mice brains was evaluated by TTC staining. Histopathological analysis was performed by HE staining and TUNEL staining. The interaction between miR-195-5p and PTEN was determined by TargetScan and luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS MiR-195-5p was significantly downregulated and PTEN was upregulated during cerebral I/R injury both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of miR-195-5p efficiently enhanced cell viability, while reduced LDH release and apoptotic rate of OGD-treated HBMVECs in vitro. MiR-195-5p could negatively regulate the expression of PTEN by directly binding to its 3'-UTR. Overexpression of PTEN obviously attenuated the protective effect of miR-195-5p mimics on cell viability, LDH release and apoptosis in OGD-treated HBMVECs. Meanwhile, overexpression of miR-195-5p increased the expression levels of p-AKT in OGD-treated HBMVECs, while this effect was reversed by overexpression of PTEN. Moreover, overexpression of miR-195-5p efficiently ameliorated brain injury of mice after MCAO treatment in vivo. CONCLUSION Overexpression of miR-195-5p ameliorated cerebral I/R injury by regulating the PTEN-AKT signaling pathway, providing a potential therapeutic target for cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ren
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Congfang Guo
- Department of Emergency, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
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23
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Ullah MF, Usmani S, Shah A, Abuduhier FM. Dietary molecules and experimental evidence of epigenetic influence in cancer chemoprevention: An insight. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 83:319-334. [PMID: 33152485 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The world-wide rate of incidence of cancer disease has been only modestly contested by the past and current preventive and interventional strategies. Hence, the global effort towards novel ideas to contain the disease still continues. Constituents of human diets have in recent years emerged as key regulators of carcinogenesis, with studies reporting their inhibitory potential against all the three stages vis-a-vis initiation, promotion and progression. Unlike drugs which usually act on single targets, these dietary factors have an advantage of multi-targeted effects and pleiotropic action mechanisms, which are effective against cancer that manifest as a micro-evolutionary and multi-factorial disease. Since most of the cellular targets have been identified and their consumption considered relatively safe, these diet-derived agents often appear as molecules of interest in repurposing strategies. Currently, many of these molecules are being investigated for their ability to influence the aberrant alterations in cell's epigenome for epigenetic therapy against cancer. Targeting the epigenetic regulators is a new paradigm in cancer chemoprevention which acts to reverse the warped-up epigenetic alterations in a cancer cell, thereby directing it towards a normal phenotype. In this review, we discuss the significance of dietary factors and natural products as chemopreventive agents. Further, we corroborate the experimental evidence from existing literature, reflecting the ability of a series of such molecules to act as epigenetic modifiers in cancer cells, by interfering with molecular events that map the epigenetic imprints such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation and non-coding RNA mediated gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Prince Fahad Research Chair, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shazia Usmani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Aaliya Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, SKIMS Medical College, Srinagar, India
| | - Faisel M Abuduhier
- Prince Fahad Research Chair, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Zhuang J, Huo Q, Yang F, Xie N. Perspectives on the Role of Histone Modification in Breast Cancer Progression and the Advanced Technological Tools to Study Epigenetic Determinants of Metastasis. Front Genet 2020; 11:603552. [PMID: 33193750 PMCID: PMC7658393 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.603552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a complex process that involved in various genetic and epigenetic alterations during the progression of breast cancer. Recent evidences have indicated that the mutation in the genome sequence may not be the key factor for increasing metastatic potential. Epigenetic changes were revealed to be important for metastatic phenotypes transition with the development in understanding the epigenetic basis of breast cancer. Herein, we aim to present the potential epigenetic drivers that induce dysregulation of genes related to breast tumor growth and metastasis, with a particular focus on histone modification including histone acetylation and methylation. The pervasive role of major histone modification enzymes in cancer metastasis such as histone acetyltransferases (HAT), histone deacetylases (HDACs), DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), and so on are demonstrated and further discussed. In addition, we summarize the recent advances of next-generation sequencing technologies and microfluidic-based devices for enhancing the study of epigenomic landscapes of breast cancer. This feature also introduces several important biotechnologists for identifying robust epigenetic biomarkers and enabling the translation of epigenetic analyses to the clinic. In summary, a comprehensive understanding of epigenetic determinants in metastasis will offer new insights of breast cancer progression and can be achieved in the near future with the development of innovative epigenomic mapping tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialang Zhuang
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Huo
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ni Xie
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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25
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Ren G, Hao X, Yang S, Chen J, Qiu G, Ang KP, Mohd Tamrin MI. 10H-3,6-Diazaphenothiazines triggered the mitochondrial-dependent and cell death receptor-dependent apoptosis pathways and further increased the chemosensitivity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells via inhibition of AKT1 pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22544. [PMID: 32619082 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in cancer categories, followed by lung, colorectal, and ovarian among the female gender across the world. 10H-3,6-diazaphenothiazine (PTZ) is a thiazine derivative compound that exhibits many pharmacological activities. Herein, we proceed to investigate the pharmacological activities of PTZ toward breast cancer MCF-7 cells as a representative in vitro breast cancer cell model. The PTZ exhibited a proliferation inhibition (IC50 = 0.895 µM) toward MCF-7 cells. Further, cell cycle analysis illustrated that the S-phase checkpoint was activated to achieve proliferation inhibition. In vitro cytotoxicity test on three normal cell lines (HEK293 normal kidney cells, MCF-10A normal breast cells, and H9C2 normal heart cells) demonstrated that PTZ was more potent toward cancer cells. Increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species results in polarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), together with suppression of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase enzymatic activity suggested that PTZ induced oxidative damages toward mitochondria and contributed to improved drug efficacy toward treatment. The RT2 PCR Profiler Array (human apoptosis pathways) proved that PTZ induced cell death via mitochondria-dependent and cell death receptor-dependent pathways, through a series of modulation of caspases, and the respective morphology of apoptosis was observed. Mechanistic studies of apoptosis suggested that PTZ inhibited AKT1 pathways resulting in enhanced drug efficacy despite it preventing invasion of cancer cells. These results showed the effectiveness of PTZ in initiation of apoptosis, programmed cell death, toward highly chemoresistant MCF-7 cells, thus suggesting its potential as a chemotherapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guobin Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kok Pian Ang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Islahuddin Mohd Tamrin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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26
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Walcher L, Kistenmacher AK, Suo H, Kitte R, Dluczek S, Strauß A, Blaudszun AR, Yevsa T, Fricke S, Kossatz-Boehlert U. Cancer Stem Cells-Origins and Biomarkers: Perspectives for Targeted Personalized Therapies. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1280. [PMID: 32849491 PMCID: PMC7426526 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 434] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of biomarkers in diagnosis, therapy and prognosis has gained increasing interest over the last decades. In particular, the analysis of biomarkers in cancer patients within the pre- and post-therapeutic period is required to identify several types of cells, which carry a risk for a disease progression and subsequent post-therapeutic relapse. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor cells that can drive tumor initiation and can cause relapses. At the time point of tumor initiation, CSCs originate from either differentiated cells or adult tissue resident stem cells. Due to their importance, several biomarkers that characterize CSCs have been identified and correlated to diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. However, CSCs have been shown to display a high plasticity, which changes their phenotypic and functional appearance. Such changes are induced by chemo- and radiotherapeutics as well as senescent tumor cells, which cause alterations in the tumor microenvironment. Induction of senescence causes tumor shrinkage by modulating an anti-tumorigenic environment in which tumor cells undergo growth arrest and immune cells are attracted. Besides these positive effects after therapy, senescence can also have negative effects displayed post-therapeutically. These unfavorable effects can directly promote cancer stemness by increasing CSC plasticity phenotypes, by activating stemness pathways in non-CSCs, as well as by promoting senescence escape and subsequent activation of stemness pathways. At the end, all these effects can lead to tumor relapse and metastasis. This review provides an overview of the most frequently used CSC markers and their implementation as biomarkers by focussing on deadliest solid (lung, stomach, liver, breast and colorectal cancers) and hematological (acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia) cancers. Furthermore, it gives examples on how the CSC markers might be influenced by therapeutics, such as chemo- and radiotherapy, and the tumor microenvironment. It points out, that it is crucial to identify and monitor residual CSCs, senescent tumor cells, and the pro-tumorigenic senescence-associated secretory phenotype in a therapy follow-up using specific biomarkers. As a future perspective, a targeted immune-mediated strategy using chimeric antigen receptor based approaches for the removal of remaining chemotherapy-resistant cells as well as CSCs in a personalized therapeutic approach are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Walcher
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Kistenmacher
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Huizhen Suo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reni Kitte
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Dluczek
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Strauß
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - André-René Blaudszun
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tetyana Yevsa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Fricke
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Kossatz-Boehlert
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
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27
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Chen L, Liu S, Tao Y. Regulating tumor suppressor genes: post-translational modifications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:90. [PMID: 32532965 PMCID: PMC7293209 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor genes cooperate with each other in tumors. Three important tumor suppressor proteins, retinoblastoma (Rb), p53, phosphatase, and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) are functionally associated and they regulated by post-translational modification (PTMs) as well. PTMs include phosphorylation, SUMOylation, acetylation, and other novel modifications becoming growing appreciated. Because most of PTMs are reversible, normal cells use them as a switch to control the state of cells being the resting or proliferating, and PTMs also involve in cell survival and cell cycle, which may lead to abnormal proliferation and tumorigenesis. Although a lot of studies focus on the importance of each kind of PTM, further discoveries shows that tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) form a complex "network" by the interaction of modification. Recently, there are several promising strategies for TSGs for they change more frequently than carcinogenic genes in cancers. We here review the necessity, characteristics, and mechanisms of each kind of post-translational modification on Rb, p53, PTEN, and its influence on the precise and selective function. We also discuss the current antitumoral therapies of Rb, p53 and PTEN as predictive, prognostic, and therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, China.
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28
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Althobiti M, Muftah AA, Aleskandarany MA, Joseph C, Toss MS, Green A, Rakha E. The prognostic significance of BMI1 expression in invasive breast cancer is dependent on its molecular subtypes. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 182:581-589. [PMID: 32524353 PMCID: PMC7320923 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose BMI1, which is a major component of the polycomb group complex 1, is an essential epigenetic repressor of multiple regulatory genes and has been identified as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in several cancers. However, its role in breast cancer (BC) remains to be defined. In this study, we have evaluated the prognostic significance of BMI1 among the different molecular subtypes and assessed its association with other breast CSC markers (BCSC). Material and method BMI1 copy number and mRNA was assessed in large and well-characterised cohorts of early-stage BC patients [METABRIC (n = 1980) and the Bc-GenExMiner (n = 9616) databases]. BMI1 protein expression was assessed using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 870 invasive BC patients with long-term outcome data and the expression of a panel of BCSC markers was monitored. Result BMI1 expression, prognostic significance and its association with BCSC markers were differed between molecular classes. In the luminal oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC, BMI1 showed significantly higher expression compared to ER− tumours. BMI1 showed positive correlation with favourable prognostic features and it was negatively associated with the expression of key BCSC markers (ALDH1A1, CD24, CD44, CD133, SOX10 and SOX9). High expression of BMI1 was associated with longer breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) independent of other prognostic variables. In the basal triple negative BC subtype, BMI1 expression showed positive association with CD133 and SOX10 and it was significantly associated with shorter BCSS. Conclusion High BMI1 expression is associated with clinicopathological variables and outcome in BC. However, this association is dependent on the molecular subtypes. Further functional assessment to detect its underlying mechanistic roles in BC subtypes is warranted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10549-020-05719-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Althobiti
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University 33, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abir A Muftah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Mohammed A Aleskandarany
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Chitra Joseph
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Michael S Toss
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Andrew Green
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Emad Rakha
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. .,Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
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29
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Lepeltier E, Rijo P, Rizzolio F, Popovtzer R, Petrikaite V, Assaraf YG, Passirani C. Nanomedicine to target multidrug resistant tumors. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 52:100704. [PMID: 32512316 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine employs nanotechnologies to develop innovative applications, and more specifically nano-objects in the field of human health, through exploitation of the physical, chemical and biological properties of materials at the nanoscale. The use of nanovehicles capable of transporting and releasing the active therapeutic payload into target cells, particularly in the case of cancer or inflammatory diseases, can also enhance diagnosis. Therefore, nanomedicines improve the benefit/risk ratio of drugs by increasing their bioavailability, selectivity, and efficacy in the target tissue, while reducing the necessary doses and hence diminishing untoward toxicity to healthy tissues. Overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) to antitumor agents is a central goal of cancer research and therapeutics, making it possible to treat these diseases more accurately and effectively. The adaptability of nanomedicines e.g. modulation of their components, surface functionalization, encapsulation of various active therapeutics as well as the possibility of combining several treatments using a single nanoparticle platform, are characteristics which are perfectly poised to address classical chemoresistance, a major obstacle towards curative cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss an assortment of nanomedicines along with those that should be developed in order to surmount cancer MDR; these include exosomes, natural compounds, lipid nanocapsules, prodrug self-assemblies, and gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Lepeltier
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021, Angers, France
| | - Patricia Rijo
- Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Lisboa, Portugal; iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, 30123 Venezia, Italy; Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Rachela Popovtzer
- Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Vilma Petrikaite
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Av. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Catherine Passirani
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021, Angers, France.
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Wang Q, Li XP, Zhou X, Yang CF, Zhu Z. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in lnc-LAMC2-1:1 interferes with its interaction with miR-128 to alter the expression of deleted in colorectal cancer and its effect on the survival rate of subjects with ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4108-4119. [PMID: 31898842 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the association between lnc-LAMC2-1:1 polymorphism rs2147578 and the recurrence of ovary cancer, as well as to study the underlying mechanism of rs2147578 in ovary cancer. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Logrank test, and Kaplan-Meier analysis were carried out to explore the role of rs2147578 in ovary cancer. No obvious difference was observed concerning all clinical characteristics among 90 patients genotyped as CC (N = 28), CG (N = 38), and GG (N = 24) in their rs2147578 polymorphism. In addition, the subjects carrying the CC genotype had longer recurrence-free survival time and showed a lower level of malignancy compared with those carrying CG and GG genotypes. Lnc-LAMC2-1:1 and miR-128 were lowly expressed in the CC group, while deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) was highly expressed in the CC group. Furthermore, DCC was identified as a target gene of miR-128, and miR-128 mimics decreased the luciferase activity of cells cotransfected with wild-type DCC 3'-untranslated region. Lnc-LAMC2:1-1 directly targeted and affected miR-128 expression, and the G allele in lnc-LAMC2-1:1 rs2147578 upregulated miR-128 expression. Transfection with a miR-128 precursor evidently downregulated the expression of lnc-LAMC2-1:1, miR-128, and DCC expression, but did not affect the expression of ABCC5 and body mass index. Finally, miR-128 precursor promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Compared with lnc-LAMC2-1:1 rs2147578C allele, the G allele increases the risk of ovarian cancer by reducing the binding between lnc-LAMC2-1:1 and miR-128-3p, which in turn further decreases the expression of DCC and inhibits cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- The Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Li
- The Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chun-Fen Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Ling B, Liao X, Huang Y, Liang L, Jiang Y, Pang Y, Qi G. Identification of prognostic markers of lung cancer through bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:193-205. [PMID: 31789390 PMCID: PMC6910184 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of lung cancer may improve early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. The aim of the present study was to examine the pathogenesis of lung cancer and to identify potentially novel biomarkers. Gene expression datasets of patients with lung cancer were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Genes which were most closely associated with lung cancer (core genes) were screened by weighted gene co‑expression network analysis. In vitro cell based experiments were further utilized to verify the effects of the core genes on the proliferation of lung cancer cells, adhesion between cells and the matrix, and the associated metabolic pathways. Based on WGCNA screening, two gene modules and five core genes closely associated with lung cancer, including immunoglobulin superfamily member 10 (IGSF10) from the turquoise module, and ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2, protein regulator of cytokinesis 1, kinesin family member (KIF)14 and KIF2C from the brown module were identified as relevant. Survival analysis and differential gene expression analysis showed that there were significant differences in IGSF10 expression levels between the healthy controls and patients with lung cancer. In patients with lung cancer, IGSF10 expression was decreased, and the overall survival time of patients with lung cancer was significantly shortened. An MTT and colony formation assay showed that IGSF10‑knockout significantly increased proliferation of lung cancer cells, and Transwell assays and adhesion experiments further suggested that the adhesion between cells and the matrix was significantly increased in IGSF10‑knockout cells. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that the expression level of IGSF10 was significantly associated with the activation of the integrin‑β1/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway. Western blotting revealed that knockout of IGSF10 resulted in the activation of the integrin‑β1/FAK pathway, as the protein expression levels of integrin‑β1, phosphorylated (p)‑FAK and p‑AKT were significantly upregulated. Activation of the integrin‑β1/FAK pathway, following knockout of IGSF10, affected the proliferation and adhesion of lung cancer cells. Therefore, IGSF10 my serve as a potential prognostic marker of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuanhe Huang
- Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000
| | | | - Yan Jiang
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004
| | - Yaqin Pang
- College of Public Health and Management, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Guangzi Qi
- College of Public Health and Management, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
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Plasma cell-free DNA chromosomal instability analysis by low-pass whole-genome sequencing to monitor breast cancer relapse. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 178:63-73. [PMID: 31364001 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05375-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosomal instabilities (CIN) of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) are common in breast cancer. We aimed to investigate the value of cfDNA CIN in monitoring the breast cancer relapse and additionally to compare it with the traditional biomarkers (CA15-3 and CEA). METHODS Overall 62 recurrent breast cancer patients and 20 healthy controls were recruited. Low-pass whole-genome sequencing (LPWGS) was performed to detect cfDNA CIN. A CIN score was calculated. The performance of CA15-3, CEA, and CIN score in monitoring the recurrence was investigated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under curve (AUC). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was established to analyze the correlations between copy number gain/loss and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS cfDNA CIN achieved the positive rate of 77.6% [(95% confidence interval (CI) 73.4-95.3%)] among recurrent breast cancer patients, with an AUC value of 0.933, superior to CA15-3 (positive rate: 38.7%; AUC: 0.864) and CEA (positive rate: 41.93%; AUC: 0.878) (P < 0.01). The combination of cfDNA CIN with two biomarkers further increased the positive rate to 88.7% (95% confidence interval 77.5-95.0%). cfDNA CIN achieved better performance in patients with shorter DFS (≤ 41 months), with an AUC value of 0.975. CONCLUSIONS cfDNA CIN yields a higher accuracy in monitoring breast cancer recurrence compared to traditional biomarkers (CA15-3 and CEA), especially for biomarker-negative patients. The combination of cfDNA CIN to traditional biomarkers further improved the detection rate of recurrence, which may provide a new method for monitoring the early relapse of breast cancer, though further investigations are warranted.
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Menéndez-Menéndez J, Hermida-Prado F, Granda-Díaz R, González A, García-Pedrero JM, Del-Río-Ibisate N, González-González A, Cos S, Alonso-González C, Martínez-Campa C. Deciphering the Molecular Basis of Melatonin Protective Effects on Breast Cells Treated with Doxorubicin: TWIST1 a Transcription Factor Involved in EMT and Metastasis, a Novel Target of Melatonin. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071011. [PMID: 31331001 PMCID: PMC6679136 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin mitigates cancer initiation, progression and metastasis through inhibition of both the synthesis of estrogens and the transcriptional activity of the estradiol-ER (Estrogen receptor) complex in the estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Moreover, melatonin improves the sensitivity of MCF-7 to chemotherapeutic agents and protects against their side effects. It has been described that melatonin potentiates the anti-proliferative effects of doxorubicin; however, the molecular changes involving gene expression and the activation/inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways remain largely unknown. Here we found that melatonin enhanced the anti-proliferative effect of doxorubicin in MCF-7 but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. Strikingly, doxorubicin treatment induced cell migration and invasion, and melatonin effectively counteracted these effects in MCF-7 but not in estrogen-independent MDA-MB-231 cells. Importantly, we describe for the first time the ability of melatonin to downregulate TWIST1 (Twist-related protein 1) in estrogen-dependent but not in estrogen-independent breast cancer cells. Combined with doxorubicin, melatonin inhibited the activation of p70S6K and modulated the expression of breast cancer, angiogenesis and clock genes. Moreover, melatonin regulates the levels of TWIST1-related microRNAs, such as miR-10a, miR-10b and miR-34a. Since TWIST1 plays a pivotal role in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, acquisition of metastatic phenotype and angiogenesis, our results suggest that inhibition of TWIST1 by melatonin might be a crucial mechanism of overcoming resistance and improving the oncostatic potential of doxorubicin in estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Menéndez-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rocío Granda-Díaz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alicia González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Juana María García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Nagore Del-Río-Ibisate
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alicia González-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carolina Alonso-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain.
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Ning J, Ma X, Long C, Mao Y, Kuang X, Huang Z, Fan Y, Zhang H, Xia Q, Wang R, Liang Y, Lin S, Zhang Q, Shen H. Anti-tumor Drug THZ1 Suppresses TGFβ2-mediated EMT in Lens Epithelial Cells via Notch and TGFβ/Smad Signaling Pathway. J Cancer 2019; 10:3778-3788. [PMID: 31333795 PMCID: PMC6636287 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective covalent CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 is a promising potential anti-tumor drug in many kinds of cancers. Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is highly related to cancer initiation, development, invasion and metastasis and other pathogenesis processes. We treated cancer cell line Hela229 and three retinoblastoma cell lines so-RB50, WERI-Rb-1, Y79 with gradient concentration of THZ1, and found that THZ1 could inhibit cell viability and EMT, suggesting that THZ1 may be a promising drug for human cervical cancer and retinoblastoma treatment. Our results verified the role of THZ1 in EMT for the first time, however, the mechanism needs further study. Here we report that THZ1 suppresses the TGFβ2 induced EMT in human SRA01/04 lens epithelial cells (LECs), rabbit primary lens epithelial cells, and whole rat lens culture semi-in vivo model. RNA-sequencing and KEGG analysis revealed that the THZ1 inhibits EMT by down-regulating phosphorylate Smad2 and Notch signaling pathway. On the other hand, we found that THZ1 could strongly inhibit LECs proliferation through G2/M phase arrest as well as attenuating of MAPK, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our results uncovered the function and underlying mechanism of THZ1 in regulation of EMT, which provides a new perspective of the anti-tumor effect by THZ1 and may offer a novel treatment for PCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xinqi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chongde Long
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuxiang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xielan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Biobank of Eye, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zixin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuting Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Renchun Wang
- The Second Clinical Medicine School of Lanzhou University, No.199, West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuibin Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qingjiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Huangxuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Biobank of Eye, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Rameshwar P. Cancer stem cell gene profile getting closer to the clinic to enhance precise treatment. EBioMedicine 2019; 42:22-23. [PMID: 30904608 PMCID: PMC6491416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pranela Rameshwar
- Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, MSB, Rm. E-579, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, United States of America.
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Wang J, Ji H, Zhu Q, Yu X, Du J, Jiang Z. Co-inhibition of BMI1 and Mel18 enhances chemosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:5012-5022. [PMID: 31186712 PMCID: PMC6507449 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for almost 90% of esophageal cancer cases and is the sixth most common cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Cisplatin is the standard therapeutic reagent for ESCC; however, chemoresistance frequently occurs after a few weeks, which leads to ESCC recurrence. Aberrant expression of B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (BMI1) has been reported to activate multiple growth-regulatory pathways, induce antiapoptotic abilities in numerous types of cancer cells and promote chemoresistance. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of BMI1 in cisplatin-resistant ESCC, and the interaction between BMI1 and its homologue melanoma nuclear protein 18 (Mel18) remain unknown. The present study identified that knockdown of BMI1 promoted cytotoxic effects of cisplatin, and co-inhibition of Mel18 and BMI1 enhanced cisplatin-induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Inhibition of BMI1 and Mel18 also suppressed the expression of c-Myc. Furthermore, this combined inhibition sensitized esophageal xenograft tumors to cisplatin to a greater extent compared with BMI1 inhibition alone. In summary, the current study demonstrated that inhibition of BMI1 and Mel18 could increase the sensitivity of esophageal cancer cells to cisplatin via inhibition of c-Myc. Therefore, combined targeting of BMI1 and Mel18 may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for sensitizing ESCC to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Huaijun Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xinshuang Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Juan Du
- Central Laboratory, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Zhongmin Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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Farhan M, Ullah MF, Faisal M, Farooqi AA, Sabitaliyevich UY, Biersack B, Ahmad A. Differential Methylation and Acetylation as the Epigenetic Basis of Resveratrol's Anticancer Activity. MEDICINES 2019; 6:medicines6010024. [PMID: 30781847 PMCID: PMC6473688 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies support the potent anticancer activity of resveratrol and its regulation of key oncogenic signaling pathways. Additionally, the activation of sirtuin 1, a deacetylase, by resveratrol has been known for many years, making resveratrol perhaps one of the earliest nutraceuticals with associated epigenetic activity. Such epigenetic regulation by resveratrol, and the mechanism thereof, has attracted much attention in the past decade. Focusing on methylation and acetylation, the two classical epigenetic regulations, we showcase the potential of resveratrol as an effective anticancer agent by virtue of its ability to induce differential epigenetic changes. We discuss the de-repression of tumor suppressors such as BRCA-1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and Ras Associated Domain family-1α (RASSF-1α) by methylation, PAX1 by acetylation and the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) by both methylation and acetylation, in addition to the epigenetic regulation of oncogenic NF-κB and STAT3 signaling by resveratrol. Further, we evaluate the literature supporting the potentiation of HDAC inhibitors and the inhibition of DNMTs by resveratrol in different human cancers. This discussion underlines a robust epigenetic activity of resveratrol that warrants further evaluation, particularly in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- College of Basic Sciences, King Faisal University, Hofuf 400-Al Ahsa-31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohd Faisal
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | | | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitaetsstrasse 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
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