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Mosadegh M, Jalili S, Pourmand MR, Erfani Y, Panji M. Evaluating the efficiency of ELISA, monoplex and multiplex probe-based real-time reverse-transcription PCR assays in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and influenza A and B viruses: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2140. [PMID: 38915351 PMCID: PMC11194474 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The current study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay and monoplex and multiplex real-time reverse-transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) in the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A and B viruses (Flu A and Flu B). Methods The SARS-CoV-2 -specific IgG and IgM antibodies, as well as, Flu A (H1N1 and H3N2 serotypes) and Flu B virus antibodies were determined by ELISA assay. The one-step qRT-PCR method was used to detect the SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab samples. Furthermore, the presence of Flu A and B viruses was evaluated using probe-based RT-PCR. Simultaneous detection of SARS-CoV-2, Flu A and B viruses was performed by multiplex rRT-PCR assay. Results SARS CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies were detected in 33.3% and 58.3% of patients, respectively. In contrast, the SARS CoV-2 genome was detected in 50% of patients using the one-step monoplex RT-PCR assay. Flu A serotypes H1N1 and H3N2 were found in 16.7% and 8.3% of patients. Probe-based RT-PCR revealed that 39.3% of patients were positive for the Flu A virus. Multiplex rRT-PCR detect the SARS-CoV-2, Flu A, and Flu B in 50%, 39.3%, and 19% of samples, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of multiplex rRT-PCR assay in comparison to monoplex RT-PCR were 100% and 55%, respectively. Coinfection with SARS-CoV-2, Flu A, and Flu B viruses was found in 9.5% of patients. Conclusion Multiplex rRT-PCR can be used as a repaid, cost-effective and suitable tool for molecular surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and Flu A/B viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Mosadegh
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shirin Jalili
- Institute of Police Equipment and TechnologiesPolicing Sciences and Social Studies Research InstituteTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pourmand
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Yousef Erfani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical SciencesTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Panji
- Research Center for Life and Health Sciences and Biotechnology for the Police, Directorate of Health, Rescue and TreatmentPolice HeadquarterTehranIran
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Mosadegh M, Khalkhali A, Erfani Y, Nezamdoost M, Hashemi SH, Azizi Jalilian F, Ansari N, Mahmoudvand S, Mamani M, Abdoli E, Amini R, Kalvandi G. NBS superfood: a promising adjunctive therapy in critically ill ICU patients with omicron variant of COVID-19. AMB Express 2024; 14:33. [PMID: 38522056 PMCID: PMC10961296 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This clinical trial aimed to assess the impact of Nutrition Bio-shield superfood (NBS) on clinical status among critically ill ICU patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to the Omicron variant of COVID-19. A total of 400 patients with confirmed Omicron-related ARDS were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 200) or the control group (n = 200). Patients in the intervention group received 1.5 g of NBS powder daily for 2 weeks in addition to standard antiviral treatment, while the control group received a placebo alongside standard antiviral therapy. Serum samples were collected from all patients in both groups, and various clinical and laboratory parameters, including ESR, CRP, D-Dimer, CPK, WBC count, lymphocyte count, and lymphocyte percentage, were measured using established methodologies. Following a 14-day intervention period, the intervention group exhibited a significant reduction in mean serum levels of CRP (15.39 vs. 48.49; P < 0.001), ESR (14.28 vs. 34.03; P < 0.001), D-Dimer (485.18 vs. 1009.13; P = 0.001), and CPK (68.93 vs. 131.48; P < 0.001) compared to the control group. Conversely, a significant increase was observed in the mean serum levels of lymphocytes (1537.06 vs. 1152.60; P < 0.001) in the intervention group after 14 days of treatment compared to the control group. The remarkable reduction in inflammatory markers and mortality rates observed with NBS supplementation alongside standard antiviral treatment underscores its crucial role in mitigating inflammation and achieving an important milestone in the fight against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Mosadegh
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Khalkhali
- Department of Science, Faculty of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yousef Erfani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manije Nezamdoost
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Farabi Hospital, Social Security Organization, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hamid Hashemi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Farid Azizi Jalilian
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Nastaran Ansari
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahab Mahmoudvand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mamani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Elham Abdoli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Kalvandi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Mosadegh M, Khalkhali A, Erfani Y, Nezamdoost M. The effect of Nutrition Bio-shield superfood (NBS) on disease severity and laboratory biomarkers in patients with COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. Microb Pathog 2022; 172:105792. [PMID: 36165862 PMCID: PMC9482870 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition Bio-shield Superfood (NBS) is an organic and viable herbal supplement that could improve the function of the immune system. The present study aims to determine the effect of NBS on disease severity and laboratory biomarkers in patients with COVID-19. METHODS This current study was a randomized, comparative, parallel two-arm and single-blind clinical trial study performed in Tehran, Iran. In total, 70 patients with COVID-19 were included in the present study and assigned to two groups including 1) intervention group (n = 35) and 2) control group (n = 35). All patients included in the intervention group received 4.5 gr daily rate of NBS superfood, three times the daily rate of 1.5 gr for 14 days. In contrast, patients included in the control group received a placebo three times a day for 14 days. The measurement of laboratory parameters including CRP, ESR, D-Dimer, LDH, CPK, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, FBG, WBC count, PLT, and lymphocyte count was performed using standard kits and methods. Moreover, all serum samples were tested to determine the levels of IL-6 and TNF-ɑ using specific commercially available ELISA kits according to the instructions of the manufacturer. RESULTS A significant decrease in the mean serum level of several variables including CRP (p < 0.001), ESR (p < 0.001), D- Dimer (p = 0.001), LDH (p < 0.001), SGOT (p = 0.002), SGPT (p = 0.019), ALP (p < 0.001), WBC count (p < 0.001), body temperature (p = 0.013), IL-6 (p < 0.001), and TNF-α (p < 0.001) was seen 14 days after intervention from baseline in the intervention group than control group. In contrast, in the intervention group, the significant increase from baseline of lymphocyte percentage (p < 0.001) and oxygen saturation (p < 0.001) was seen 14 days after receiving NBS superfood than the control group. CONCLUSION Results showed that the use of NBS superfood had various beneficial effects on COVID-19 disease severity. These results suggest that NBS superfood can be used as an effective natural supplement in the treatment process of COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Mosadegh
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Aref Khalkhali
- Department of Science, Faculty of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yousef Erfani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manije Nezamdoost
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Farabi Hospital, Social Security Organization, Mashhad, Iran
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Azizi Jalilian F, Keshavarz G, Khazaei S, Nezamdoost M, Hashemi SH, Mamani M, Ansari N, Amini R, Khalkhali A, Keshavarz A, Ayubi E, Fazeli M, Heidari Moghadam R, Alizadeh S, Pourhossein B, Teimouri A, Keramat F, Karampour S, Khakzad M. The effects of nutrition bio-shield superfood powder on immune system function: A clinical trial study among patients with COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:919402. [PMID: 36091037 PMCID: PMC9458072 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.919402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Nutrition Bio-shield Superfood (NBS) powder on the immune system function and clinical manifestations in patients with COVID-19. We compare the effects of NBS powder on the immune system function and clinical manifestations among two different groups: 1) intervention group receiving standard treatment scheduled according to treatment guidelines plus NBS powder, and 2) control group receiving only the same standard treatment. The serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, IFNγ, and TNFα were determined after four weeks of treatment by specific ELISA kits according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Finally, the level of immune system stimulation and inflammatory markers were compared at baseline and after intervention in both groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22). A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was set as significant. A total of 47 patients with COVID-19 (24 patients in the intervention group and 23 patients in the control group) were included in this study. Results showed that the differences in the mean decrease of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in the intervention group in comparison to the control group were 0.93, 10.28, and 8.11 pg/ml, respectively (P<0.001). On the other hand, there was no difference in IL-17, IFNγ, monocytes, eosinophil, and other inflammatory indices between the intervention and control groups. Although NBS powder was able to significantly decrease the levels of some proinflammatory cytokines in patients with COVID-19, however, it is noteworthy that the course of the disease was to large part unaffected by NBS power and there was a reduction independent of treatment. The present study indicates that NBS powder could provide a beneficial anti-inflammatory effect in patients with COVID-19. Hence, NBS in treating patients with COVID-19 shows promise as an adjuvant to the current standard antiviral treatment of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Azizi Jalilian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Gheisar Keshavarz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Salman Khazaei
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Manije Nezamdoost
- Department of Infectious Disease, Farabi Hospital, Iranian Social Security Organization, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Hashemi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mamani
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nastaran Ansari
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Arghavan Keshavarz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Ayubi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Fazeli
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | | | - Behzad Pourhossein
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Teimouri
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fariba Keramat
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Fariba Keramat, ,
| | - Sajad Karampour
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Khakzad
- Department of Immunology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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