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Widjaja NA, Hamida A, Purnomo MT, Satjadibrata A, Sari PP, Handini LS, Novi T, Hanindita MH, Irawan R. Effect of high-calorie formula on weight, height increment, IGF-1 and TLC in growth faltering children: A quasi-experimental study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28834. [PMID: 38623243 PMCID: PMC11016603 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
High-calorie formulas have been used to promote catch-up growth in undernourished children. The level of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is closely related to weight and nutritional intake, whereas low a total lymphocyte count (TLC) is associated with impaired immune system function in undernourished children. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of high-calorie formula as an intervention on weight, height increment, IGF-1 and TLC in children with growth faltering or undernutrition. A quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-design was conducted in the outpatient clinic of a private hospital during October 2021-July 2022 on children with growth failure and underlying infection. For 90 days, subjects were given a high-calorie formula. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was then conducted to measure IGF-1, followed by a complete blood count examination. Subjects were divided into two groups based on age: Group 1 (12-24 months) and Group 2 (>24-60 months). There was a significant increment in body weight and body length/height after intervention but no significant difference between the groups. The increment of body length/height after intervention was greater in Group 1 than Group 2 (p = 0.000) and reduced the incidence of stunted/severely stunted and wasted/severely wasted children (p > 0.05). IGF-1 increased after the intervention but with no significant difference (1.42 ± 8.31 ng/ml; p = 0.144). There was a significant reduction in TLC after the intervention (1194.34 + 4400.34 cells/mm3; p = 0.002) that was reduced in Group 1 and slightly increased in Group 2 (p = 0.003). Being underweight/severely underweight increased the risk of a low TLC by 27.658-fold but this risk was reduced by 25.904-fold after nutritional intervention. High-calorie formula intervention increases body weight and body length/height, reduces the incidence of underweight, stunted and wasted children and improves IGF-1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aisiyah Widjaja
- Child Health Department, Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Child Health, Husada Utama Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Azizah Hamida
- Child Health Department, Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Marisa Tulus Purnomo
- Child Health Department, Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Azarina Satjadibrata
- Child Health Department, Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Putri Permata Sari
- Child Health Department, Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Theresia Novi
- Clinical Pathology, Husada Utama Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Meta Herdiana Hanindita
- Child Health Department, Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Roedi Irawan
- Child Health Department, Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Upners EN, Ljubicic ML, Busch AS, Fischer MB, Almstrup K, Petersen JH, Jensen RB, Hagen CP, Juul A. Dynamic Changes in Serum IGF-I and Growth During Infancy: Associations to Body Fat, Target Height, and PAPPA2 Genotype. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:219-229. [PMID: 34476481 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT IGF-I is important for postnatal growth and may be of diagnostic value in infants suspected of pituitary disease; however, little is known about the impact of IGF-I and its determinants on infant growth. Importantly, detailed reference ranges for IGF-I and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) concentrations during infancy are lacking. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the rapid changes in weight and length as well as their determinants in healthy infants, and to establish age- and sex-specific reference curves for IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in children aged 0 to 1 years. DESIGN Prospective longitudinal study. SETTING Cohort study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 233 healthy children (114 girls) with repeated blood samples during the first year of life. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, length velocity, weight velocity, and PAPPA2 (rs1325598) genotype. RESULTS Individual trajectories of length and weight velocities were sex specific. We provide detailed reference curves based on longitudinal data for IGF-I and IGFBP-3 during infancy. In both girls and boys, IGF-I decreased during infancy, whereas IGFBP-3 remained stable. IGF-I and IGFBP-3, but not PAPPA2 genotype, were positively associated with weight gain, but not with longitudinal growth. When stratified by sex, the association between weight gain and IGF-I only remained significant in girls. CONCLUSIONS Interestingly, we found a significant association between IGF-I and infant weight gain in girls, but not with longitudinal growth in the first year of life. Our findings highlight the role of IGF-I as an important anabolic hormone that is not limited to linear growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmie N Upners
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander S Busch
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Margit Bistrup Fischer
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Almstrup
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen H Petersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Beck Jensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper P Hagen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Kjaer TW, Grenov B, Yaméogo CW, Fabiansen C, Iuel-Brockdorff AS, Cichon B, Nielsen NS, Filteau S, Briend A, Wells JCK, Michaelsen KF, Friis H, Faurholt-Jepsen D, Christensen VB. Correlates of serum IGF-1 in young children with moderate acute malnutrition: a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:965-972. [PMID: 33963730 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (sIGF-1) is an important growth factor in childhood. However, studies on sIGF-1 among children from low-income countries are few, and the role of body composition is unknown. OBJECTIVES To assess the associations of anthropometry, body composition, inflammation, and breastfeeding with sIGF-1 among children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). METHODS A cross-sectional study based on admission data from 6- to 23-mo-old children with MAM participating in a nutrition intervention trial (Treatfood) in Burkina Faso. Linear regression analysis was used to identify correlates of sIGF-1. RESULTS Among 1546 children, the median (IQR) sIGF-1 was 12 (8.2-18.3) ng/mL. sIGF-1 was highest at 6 mo, with a nadir ∼10-11 mo, and higher in girls than boys. Length-for-age z score (LAZ), weight-for-length z score (WLZ), and midupper arm circumference were positively associated with sIGF-1 (P ≤ 0.001). Fat-free mass (FFM) was also positively associated, as sIGF-1 increased 1.5 (95% CI: 0.5, 2.5) ng/mL for each 1-kg increase in FFM. However, the association disappeared after adjustment for height. Elevated serum C-reactive protein and α1-acid glycoprotein were negatively associated with sIGF-1 (P ≤ 0.001), as was fever (P < 0.001) but not a positive malaria test per se (P = 0.15). Children never breastfed had lower sIGF-1 (-5.1; 95% CI: -9.8, -0.3). CONCLUSIONS LAZ and WLZ were positively and inflammation negatively associated with sIGF-1. As all children were moderately malnourished and many had inflammation, this probably explains the very low median sIGF-1. The association of FFM with sIGF-1 was fully explained by height. There was a marked age pattern, with a nadir in late infancy, confirming findings from smaller studies from well-nourished populations. There is a need for prospective studies to disentangle the role of sIGF-1 in growth and health. This trial was registered at https://www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN42569496.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thora W Kjaer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benedikte Grenov
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charles W Yaméogo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Département Biomédical et Santé Publique, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Christian Fabiansen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Pediatric Department, Holbæk Sygehus, Holbæk, Denmark
| | | | - Bernardette Cichon
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nick S Nielsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Suzanne Filteau
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - André Briend
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department for International Health, University of Tampere, School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jonathan C K Wells
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kim F Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Friis
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke B Christensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Médecins Sans Frontières-Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Afeworki R, Smits J, Tolboom J, van der Ven A. Positive Effect of Large Birth Intervals on Early Childhood Hemoglobin Levels in Africa Is Limited to Girls: Cross-Sectional DHS Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131897. [PMID: 26121362 PMCID: PMC4488302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Short birth intervals are independently associated with increased risk of adverse maternal, perinatal, infant and child outcomes. Anemia in children, which is highly prevalent in Africa, is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Birth spacing is advocated as a tool to reduce anemia in preschool African children, but the role of gender differences and contextual factors has been neglected. The present study aims to determine to what extent the length of preceding birth interval influences the hemoglobin levels of African preschool children in general, as well as for boys and girls separately, and which contextual factors thereby play a crucial role. Methods and Findings This cross-sectional study uses data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between 2003 and 2011 in 20 African countries. All preschool children aged 6–59 months with a valid hemoglobin measurement and a preceding birth interval of 7–72 months as well as their corresponding multigravida mothers aged 21–49 years were included in the study. Hemoglobin levels of children and mothers were measured in g/l, while birth intervals were calculated as months difference between consecutive births. Multivariate analyses were done to examine the relationship between length of preceding birth interval and child hemoglobin levels, adjusted for factors at the individual, household, community, district, and country level. A positive linear relationship was observed between birth interval and the 49,260 included children’s hemoglobin level, whereby age and sex of the child, hemoglobin level of the mother, household wealth, mother’s education and urbanization of place of residence also showed positive associations. In the interaction models, the effect of a month increase in birth interval is associated with an average increase of 0.025 g/l in hemoglobin level (P = 0.001) in girls, while for boys the effect was not significant. In addition, for girls, the effect of length of preceding birth interval was highest in young mothers and mothers with higher hemoglobin levels, while for boys, the highest effect was noticed for those living in more highly educated regions. Finally, significantly higher hemoglobin levels of girls compared to boys were observed at birth but with increasing age, the sex difference in hemoglobin level gradually becomes smaller. Conclusions A longer birth interval has a modest positive effect on early childhood hemoglobin levels of girls, and this effect is strongest when their mothers are in their early twenties and have a high hemoglobin level. Remarkably, although the physiological iron requirement is higher for boys than girls, birth spacing has little influence on hemoglobin levels of preschool boys. We speculate that the preference for male offspring in large parts of Africa significantly influences nutritional patterns of African preschool boys and girls, and as such also determines the different effect of birth spacing. Finally, gender aspects should be considered in intervention programs that aim to improve anemia in African children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robel Afeworki
- Nijmegen Institute for International Health, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Jeroen Smits
- Nijmegen Center for Economics, Institute for Management and Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jules Tolboom
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andre van der Ven
- Nijmegen Institute for International Health, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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5
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Ketha H, Singh RJ. Clinical assays for quantitation of insulin-like-growth-factor-1 (IGF1). Methods 2015; 81:93-8. [PMID: 25937392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), a 70 amino acid peptide hormone is the principal mediator of effects of growth hormone (GH). Since GH secretion is pulsatile in nature and is affected by many factors including sleep, feeding and exercise it is not a reliable marker for diagnosis of GH related disorders. On the other hand, IGF1 levels does not undergo short-term fluctuations in the manner that GH does making it the preferred IGF1 biomarker for the diagnosis of growth related disorders. There are several immunoassays available for IGF1 determination. Since majority (>90%) of IGF1 circulates as a ternary complex bound to its principal carrier/binding protein, IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and acid labile subunit (ALS), the assay methodology used to quantitate IGF1 has to dissociate IGF1 from IGFBPs prior to quantitation. IGFBPs are known to be a source of interference in immunoassays and many techniques have been employed to circumvent this issue. Immunoassays rely on antibody specificity towards IGF1 and differential cross reactivity towards IGFBPs. Mass spectrometry (MS) has also been employed for quantitation of IGF1. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assays for IGF1 rely on generating tryptic peptides followed by selective reaction monitoring (SRM) while LC high resolution accurate-mass mass spectrometry (LC-HRAMS) approaches for intact IGF1 rely on mass accuracy for reliable, robust and accurate quantitation. This review article will focus on the clinical assays available and the clinical utility of quantitative assessment of IGF1. IGF1 quantitation using diverse assay platforms including immunoassay, LC-MS/MS and LC-HRAMS are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemamalini Ketha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Ravinder J Singh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States.
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6
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Chien YH, Han DS, Hwu WL, Thurberg BL, Yang WS. Myostatin and insulin-like growth factor I: potential therapeutic biomarkers for pompe disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71900. [PMID: 23967261 PMCID: PMC3743802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myostatin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) are serum markers for muscle growth and regeneration. However, their value in the clinical monitoring of Pompe disease - a muscle glycogen storage disease - is not known. In order to evaluate their possible utility for disease monitoring, we assessed the levels of these serum markers in Pompe disease patients receiving enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). DESIGN A case-control study that included 10 patients with Pompe disease and 10 gender- and age-matched non-Pompe disease control subjects was performed in a referral medical center. Average follow-up duration after ERT for Pompe disease patients was 11.7 months (range: 6-23 months). Measurements of serum myostatin, IGF-1, and creatine kinase levels were obtained, and examinations of muscle pathology were undertaken before and after ERT in the patient group. RESULTS Compared with control subjects, Pompe disease patients prior to undergoing ERT had significantly lower serum IGF-1 levels (98.6 ng/ml vs. 307.9 ng/ml, p = 0.010) and lower myostatin levels that bordered on significance (1.38 ng/ml vs. 3.32 ng/ml, p = 0.075). After ERT, respective myostatin and IGF-1 levels in Pompe disease patients increased significantly by 129% (from 1.38 ng/ml to 3.16 ng/ml, p = 0.047) and 74% (from 98.6 ng/ml to 171.1 ng/ml, p = 0.013); these values fall within age-matched normal ranges. In contrast, myostatin and IGF-1 serum markers did not increase in age-matched controls. Follistatin, a control marker unrelated to muscle, increased in both Pompe disease patients and control subjects. At the same time, the percentage of muscle fibers containing intracytoplasmic vacuoles decreased from 80.0±26.4% to 31.6±45.3%. CONCLUSION The increase in myostatin and IGF-1 levels in Pompe disease patients may reflect muscle regeneration after ERT. The role of these molecules as potential therapeutic biomarkers in Pompe disease and other neuromuscular diseases warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hsiu Chien
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Sheng Han
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, BeiHu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wuh-Liang Hwu
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Beth L. Thurberg
- Department of Pathology, Genzyme, a Sanofi company, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Wei-Shiung Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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7
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Yüksel B, Özbek MN, Mungan NÖ, Darendeliler F, Budan B, Bideci A, Çetinkaya E, Berberoğlu M, Evliyaoğlu O, Yeşilkaya E, Arslanoğlu İ, Darcan Ş, Bundak R, Ercan O. Serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels in healthy children between 0 and 6 years of age. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2011; 3:84-8. [PMID: 21750637 PMCID: PMC3119446 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.v3i2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Along with growth hormone (GH) levels, measurements of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) are used in the diagnosis of GH deficiency and in monitoring the efficacy and safety of long-term GH treatment. The purpose of the present study was to establish reference values for serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in healthy Turkish children less than 6 years of age. METHODS This study was designed as a multicenter project. Five hundred sixty-seven healthy children younger than 6 years of age from different geographical regions of Turkey, with weight and height values between the 10th and 90th percentiles according to the national standards were included in the study. In addition to anthropometric parameters, serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in all subjects. RESULTS Although not statistically significant, the serum IGF-1 levels in infants at age 6 months were lower than those in infants at age 3 months. The IGF-1 levels showed a slow increase with age. Serum IGF-1 levels were lower in girls as compared to boys only at age 6 months. No correlation was found between either serum IGFBP-3 levels and body mass index (BMI) or serum IGFBP-3 and weight and height standard deviation scores (SDS). A weak correlation was observed between serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The age- and gender-specific reference values for serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 reported in this study will aid in the diagnosis of GH deficiency and in the monitoring of children receiving GH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilgin Yüksel
- Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Adana, Turkey.
| | - M. Nuri Özbek
- Diyarbakir Children's Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Önenli Mungan
- Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Adana, Turkey
| | - Feyza Darendeliler
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Budan
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysun Bideci
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology , Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Merih Berberoğlu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Olcay Evliyaoğlu
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Ediz Yeşilkaya
- Kirikkale GATA Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlknur Arslanoğlu
- Duzce University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Şükran Darcan
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ruveyda Bundak
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olcay Ercan
- Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Frystyk J, Freda P, Clemmons DR. The current status of IGF-I assays--a 2009 update. Growth Horm IGF Res 2010; 20:8-18. [PMID: 19818658 PMCID: PMC7748085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
For almost three decades, the measurement of circulating IGF-I has constituted a highly important biochemical tool in the management of GH disorders. In fact, in acromegaly the importance of circulating IGF-I has increased following the introduction of the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant, as the use of this drug makes it impossible to use circulating GH as a monitor of disease activity. In addition, determination of circulating IGF-I constitutes a valuable scientific tool in various research areas, from epidemiological investigations through clinical trials and experimental studies. The multiple facets of IGF-I physiology and patho-physiology may explain why numerous endocrine laboratories have invested in IGF-I assays, by means of either in-house assays or commercial kits. However, despite its widespread use, the measurement of IGF-I is by no means trivial. On the contrary, the pronounced binding of IGF-I to the high-affinity IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) constitutes a notorious source of error, which has necessitated the development of methods that more or less successfully circumvent interference from the IGFBPs. Furthermore, there are some unsolved issues with the international standardization of the different IGF-I assays and there is no consensus regarding the procedures used when collecting and storing samples for measurement of circulating IGF-I. The aim of this review is to discuss the current state of the art of IGF-I immunoassays and to present the current analytical problems with IGF-I measurements. Finally, we would like to suggest an agenda that may be used when trying to produce internationally accepted uniform requirements for future IGF-I assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Frystyk
- The Medical Research Laboratories, Clinical Institute of Medicine, and Medical Department M (Diabetes & Endocrinology), Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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9
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Kouanda S, Doulougou B, De Coninck V, Habimana L, Sondo B, Tonglet R, Ketelslegers JM, Robert A. Insulin Growth Factor-I in Protein-Energy Malnutrition during Rehabilitation in Two Nutritional Rehabilitation Centres in Burkina Faso. J Trop Med 2009; 2009:832589. [PMID: 20339465 PMCID: PMC2836848 DOI: 10.1155/2009/832589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the relationship between IGF-I and the nutritional status of West-African children hospitalised for nutritional rehabilitation. Patients and methods. A cohort study was performed in two centres for nutritional rehabilitation and education (CREN) in Burkina Faso. Children were followed and the anthropometric data as well as the capillary blood samples were taken on the 7th and on the 14th days after their admission. IGF-I levels were determined from dried blood spots on filter paper on IGF-I RIA, after separation of the IGF-I from its binding proteins, using Sep-Pak chromatography. Results. A total of 59 children was included in the cohort. The IGF-I mean geometric values (SD) were 6.3 (1.4) mug/L on admission, 8.6 (1.8) mug/L at day 7 and 13.6 (2.0) mug/L at day 14. The differences between these values were statistically significant (P < .001). There is a significant correlation between the changes of IGF-I with the change of weight for height Z-score (P = .01). Conclusion. These results suggest that IGF-I can be considered as a potential marker to follow the nutritional status of children admitted in hospital for protein and energy malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Kouanda
- Institut de recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre national de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Ministère des Enseignements Secondaire, Supérieur et de la Recherché Scientifique, BP 7192 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - B. Doulougou
- Institut de recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre national de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Ministère des Enseignements Secondaire, Supérieur et de la Recherché Scientifique, BP 7192 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - V. De Coninck
- Unité de Diabétologie et de Nutrition, Avenue Hippocrate 54, Bte 5474, 1200 Woluwe Saint Lambert, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L. Habimana
- Unité d'épidémiologie, biostatistique et méthodes opérationnelles en santé publique, Clos Chapelle aux Champs, 30, bte 3058, 1200 Woluwe-saint-Lambert, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B. Sondo
- Institut de recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre national de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Ministère des Enseignements Secondaire, Supérieur et de la Recherché Scientifique, BP 7192 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - R. Tonglet
- Unité d'épidémiologie, biostatistique et méthodes opérationnelles en santé publique, Clos Chapelle aux Champs, 30, bte 3058, 1200 Woluwe-saint-Lambert, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J. M. Ketelslegers
- Unité de Diabétologie et de Nutrition, Avenue Hippocrate 54, Bte 5474, 1200 Woluwe Saint Lambert, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A. Robert
- Unité d'épidémiologie, biostatistique et méthodes opérationnelles en santé publique, Clos Chapelle aux Champs, 30, bte 3058, 1200 Woluwe-saint-Lambert, Brussels, Belgium
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