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Mitsutani M, Matsushita M, Yokoyama M, Morita A, Hano H, Fujikawa T, Tagami T, Moriyama K. Growth hormone directly stimulates GATA2 expression. Growth Horm IGF Res 2024; 74:101572. [PMID: 38281404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2024.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE GATA2 is a key transcription factor involved in the differentiation and determination of thyrotrophs and gonadotrophs in pituitary and hematopoietic development. However, studies on the upstream ligands of the GATA2 signal transduction pathway have been limited. To identify upstream ligands, we examined growth hormone (GH) as a plausible stimulator. DESIGN We evaluated GH-induced GATA2 expression in murine TtT/GF thyrotrophic pituitary tumor cells and its direct impact on the GHR/JAK/STAT5 pathway using a combination of a reporter assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. RESULTS GATA2 expression increased with activated STAT5B in a dose-dependent manner and was inhibited by a STAT5 specific inhibitor. Moreover, we found functional STAT5B binding site consensus sequences at -359 bp in the GATA2 promoter region. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that GH directly stimulates GATA2 via the GHR/JAK/STAT pathway and participates in various developmental phenomena mediated by GATA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Mitsutani
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Midori Matsushita
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Mei Yokoyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ayumu Morita
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hano
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tomomi Fujikawa
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Institute of Biosciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan.
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Sun C, Liu M, Liu J, Zhang T, Zhang L, Li H, Luo Z. ShenmaYizhi Decoction Improves the Mitochondrial Structure in the Brain and Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in VCI Rats via the AMPK/UCP2 Signaling Pathway. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:1937-1951. [PMID: 34168453 PMCID: PMC8218872 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s302355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ShenmaYizhi decoction (SMYZD) is an effective prescription of traditional Chinese medicine used to treat vascular dementia (VD). Modern research methods have identified its active ingredients clearly as gastrodin, ferulic acid, ginsenosides, and β-sitosterol. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a driving factor or risk factor for VD, which leads to the disturbance of mitochondrial structure and function. PURPOSE To observe whether SMYZD improves cognitive impairment by improving mitochondrial structure and function. METHODS Forty adult rats with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) caused by the bilateral ligation of common carotid arteries were divided into four groups randomly, including the model group, donepezil group, and low-dose and high-dose SMYZD groups, with 10 rats in each group. Additionally, a sham group was established with 10 rats as the control group. The treatment groups were administered donepezil and two different dosages of SMYZD. The donepezil group was administered 0.45 mg/kg/d donepezil, and the SMYZ-L group was administered 2.97 g/kg/d SMYZ, which were equivalent to the clinical dosage. The SMYZ-H group was administered 11.88 g/kg/d SMYZ, which is 4 times higher than the clinically equivalent dosage. A sham-operated group was used as the control group and administered an equal volume of distilled water. The rats were treated by gavage for 8 consecutive weeks. Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to evaluate the learning and memory ability. The mitochondria of brain tissue were extracted from brain for further test. Mitochondrial morphology and the signal path of AMPK/PPARα/PGC-1α/UCP2 in mitochondria were detected. RESULTS With the SMYZD intervention, behavioral performance of rats and pathological changes of mitochondria of brain tissue were significantly improved. In the serum, SOD, GSH-Px, and GSH activities were increased, and the MDA content was decreased. Moreover, the AMPK, PPARα, PGC-1α, UCP2, and ATP5A mRNA and protein expression levels were also reversed by SMYZD. CONCLUSION SMYZD may provide a potential therapeutic strategy via activating the AMPK/PPARα/PGC-1α/UCP2 signal pathway to improve mitochondrial structure and energy metabolism thereby alleviate vascular cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixia Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ShanDong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zenggang Luo
- Medical Administration Office, Beijing Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China
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Watamoto Y, Futawaka K, Hayashi M, Matsushita M, Mitsutani M, Song Z, Koyama R, Fukuda Y, Nushida A, Nezu S, Kuwahara A, Kataoka K, Tagami T, Moriyama K. IGF-1 regulate the expression of uncoupling protein 2 via FOXO1. Growth Factors 2019; 37:247-256. [PMID: 32156173 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2020.1739032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria uncoupling protein2 (UCP2) expressed ubiquitously is a key molecule of energy metabolism. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a hormone, a target molecule of growth hormone (GH) signal pathway, which is also known as the drug "mecasermin" for clinical usages. IGF-1 is seemed to be closely related to metabolic diseases, such as adult GH deficiency. However, there has not been reports depicted possible relationship with each other. So, we sought to elucidate the mechanisms by which expression of UCP2 is regulated by IGF-1 via FOXO1. The findings suggested that three sequences in the consensus UCP2 promoter play complementary functional roles in the functional expression of FOXO1. So, we found that FOXO1 is involved in IGF-1-mediated energy metabolism greater than that of direct action of GH via STAT5. Our findings suggested that IGF-1 was involved in energy metabolism by regulating the expression of UCP2 via the PI3K/Akt/FOXO1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Watamoto
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kumi Futawaka
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Misa Hayashi
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Midori Matsushita
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Mana Mitsutani
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Zilin Song
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nushida
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuwahara
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kazusaburo Kataoka
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
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Li J, Jiang R, Cong X, Zhao Y. UCP2 gene polymorphisms in obesity and diabetes, and the role of UCP2 in cancer. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2525-2534. [PMID: 31330574 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary sites for ATP synthesis and free radical generation in organisms. Abnormal mitochondrial metabolism contributes to many diseases, including obesity, diabetes and cancer. UCP2 is an ion/anion transporter located in mitochondrial inner membrane, and has a crucial role in regulating oxidative stress, cellular metabolism, cell proliferation and cell death. Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene have been associated with diabetes and obesity because UCP2 is involved in energy expenditure and insulin secretion. Moreover, UCP2 gene expression is often amplified in cancers, and increased UCP2 expression contributes to cancer growth, cancer metabolism, anti-apoptosis and drug resistance. The present review summarizes the latest findings of UCP2 with respect to obesity, diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinran Li
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neurosciences, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Rihua Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianling Cong
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neurosciences, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Watamoto Y, Futawaka K, Hayashi M, Matsushita M, Mitsutani M, Murakami K, Song Z, Koyama R, Fukuda Y, Nushida A, Nezu S, Kuwahara A, Kataoka K, Tagami T, Moriyama K. Insulin-like growth factor-1 directly mediates expression of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 via forkhead box O4. Growth Horm IGF Res 2019; 46-47:24-35. [PMID: 31158782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to examine the direct action of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) signaling on energy homeostasis in myocytes. DESIGN We studied the IGF-1 stimulation of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) expression in the HEK 293 derived cell line TSA201, murine C2C12 skeletal muscle myoblasts, and rat L6 skeletal myoblasts. We also investigated the direct effect of IGF-1 on the Insulin/IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R)/phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)-Akt/forkhead box O4 (FOXO4) pathway using a combination of a reporter assay, semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and animal experiments. RESULTS We demonstrated that IGF-1 regulates UCP3 expression via phosphorylation of FOXO4, which is a downstream signal transducer of IGF-1. UCP3 expression increased with activated FOXO4 in a dose-dependent manner. We also examined the functional FOXO4 binding site consensus sequences and identified it as the -1922 bp site in the UCP3 promoter region. UCP3 was also found to be concomitantly expressed with IGF-1 during differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. Our animal experiments showed that high fat diet induced IGF-1 levels which likely influenced UCP3 expression in the skeletal muscle. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that that IGF-1 directly stimulates UCP3 expression via the IGF-1/IGF-1R/PI3-Akt/FOXO4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Watamoto
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kumi Futawaka
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Misa Hayashi
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Midori Matsushita
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Mana Mitsutani
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kana Murakami
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Zilin Song
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nushida
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuwahara
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kazusaburo Kataoka
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan.
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Targeted sequencing analysis of PPARG identifies a risk variant associated with obstructive sleep apnea in Chinese Han subjects. Sleep Breath 2019; 24:167-174. [PMID: 31044373 PMCID: PMC7127989 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-019-01855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction. OSA susceptibility is associated with multiple genetic, environmental, and developmental factors. The PPARG rs1801282 (G/C) polymorphism has been associated with OSA in obese Indian subjects, whereas no such association has been reported in Chinese Han subjects. Potential associations between other PPARG variants and OSA have not been investigated in Chinese Han populations. The aim of this study was to identify genetic variants of PPARG in unrelated Chinese Han patients with OSA and to investigate potential associations between these variants and OSA. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study of 233 individuals with OSA and 93 control individuals. A portable diagnostic device was used to diagnose OSA. Targeted sequencing was conducted to identify PPARG variants. Associations between PPARG variants and OSA were analyzed using multivariate regression. RESULTS Three PPARG single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified and the genotype frequencies of the rs1801282 polymorphism differed significantly. Subjects with the PPARG rs1801282 CG genotype had decreased risk of having OSA compared with subjects with the CC genotype after adjusting for confounding effects. CONCLUSIONS We identified a variant of PPARG associated with the occurrence of OSA in Chinese Han populations.
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Hayashi M, Futawaka K, Matsushita M, Koyama R, Fun Y, Fukuda Y, Nushida A, Nezu S, Tagami T, Moriyama K. GH directly stimulates UCP3 expression. Growth Horm IGF Res 2018; 40:44-54. [PMID: 29398371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the direct action of GH signaling in energy homeostasis in myocytes. DESIGN We investigated the GH-induced expression of UCP3 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, human H-EMC-SS chondrosarcoma cells, murine C2C12 skeletal muscle myoblasts, and rat L6 skeletal muscle cells, as well as its direct effect on the GHR/JAK/STAT5 pathway using a combination of a reporter assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. RESULTS We demonstrated that the regulation of energy metabolism by GH involves UCP3 via activated STAT5, a signal transducer downstream of GH. UCP3 expression increased with STAT5 in a dose-dependent manner and was higher than that of UCP2. We confirmed the functional STAT5 binding site consensus sequences at -861 and -507 bp in the UCP3 promoter region. CONCLUSION The results suggest that GH stimulates UCP3 directly and that UCP2 and that UCP3 participate in the signal transduction pathway that functions downstream of the GHR/JAK/STAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hayashi
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kumi Futawaka
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Midori Matsushita
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yue Fun
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nushida
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan.
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Hayashi M, Futawaka K, Koyama R, Fan Y, Matsushita M, Hirao A, Fukuda Y, Nushida A, Nezu S, Tagami T, Moriyama K. Effects of growth hormone on uncoupling protein 1 in white adipose tissues in obese mice. Growth Horm IGF Res 2017; 37:31-39. [PMID: 29111497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The transition of white adipocytes to beige cells (a phenomenon referred to as browning or beigeing) during obesity has been previously reported. Our study aimed to examine the mechanisms through which obesity induced by a high fat diet (HFD) affects uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression via signal transduction and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5s). DESIGN Seven-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal or HFD for 11weeks. Body weight, white adipose tissue weight, and blood lipid and glucose levels were measured. To unveil the molecular mechanisms of UCP1 expression in adipose tissue, we performed further studying 3T3-L1 cells using qRT-PCR. We also measured UCP1 promoter activity in the TSA201 cell line using a dual luciferase assay. In addition, we analyzed the predicted consensus sequences for STAT5 binding in the UCP1 promoter region. RESULTS Mice fed an HFD had higher body weight and intra-abdominal adipose tissues weight and a higher expression of UCP1, GH receptor (GHR), STATs, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCSs), and cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH) compared to control mice. In 3T3-L1 cell studies, GH induced phosphorylation of the STAT5, SOCSs, CISH and UCP1 expressions. UCP1 promoter activity was associated with constitutively active STAT5 in a dose-dependent manner. We confirmed functional STAT5 binding sites at -425, -279, and -178bp of the UCP1 promoter. CONCLUSION We suggest that endogenous GH induces UCP1 expression in adipose tissue via STAT5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hayashi
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kumi Futawaka
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Midori Matsushita
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Asuka Hirao
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ayako Nushida
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan.
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Comparing the Behavioural Effects of Exogenous Growth Hormone and Melatonin in Young and Old Wistar Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5863402. [PMID: 28050228 PMCID: PMC5165162 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5863402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) and melatonin are two hormones with quite different physiological effects. Curiously, their secretion shows parallel and severe age-related reductions. This has promoted many reports for studying the therapeutic supplementation of both hormones in an attempt to avoid or delay the physical, physiological, and psychological decay observed in aged humans and in experimental animals. Interestingly, the effects of the external administration of low doses of GH and of melatonin were surprisingly similar, as both hormones caused significant improvements in the functional capabilities of aged subjects. The present report aims at discerning the eventual difference between cognitive and motor effects of the two hormones when administered to young and aged Wistar rats. The effects were tested in the radial maze, a test highly sensitive to the age-related impairments in working memory and also in the rotarod test, for evaluating the motor coordination. The results showed that both hormones caused clear improvements in both tasks. However, while GH improved the cognitive capacity and, most importantly, the physical stamina, the effects of melatonin should be attributed to its antioxidant, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective properties.
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