1
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Hollmann F, Sanchis J, Reetz MT. Learning from Protein Engineering by Deconvolution of Multi-Mutational Variants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404880. [PMID: 38884594 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
This review analyzes a development in biochemistry, enzymology and biotechnology that originally came as a surprise. Following the establishment of directed evolution of stereoselective enzymes in organic chemistry, the concept of partial or complete deconvolution of selective multi-mutational variants was introduced. Early deconvolution experiments of stereoselective variants led to the finding that mutations can interact cooperatively or antagonistically with one another, not just additively. During the past decade, this phenomenon was shown to be general. In some studies, molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) computations were performed in order to shed light on the origin of non-additivity at all stages of an evolutionary upward climb. Data of complete deconvolution can be used to construct unique multi-dimensional rugged fitness pathway landscapes, which provide mechanistic insights different from traditional fitness landscapes. Along a related line, biochemists have long tested the result of introducing two point mutations in an enzyme for mechanistic reasons, followed by a comparison of the respective double mutant in so-called double mutant cycles, which originally showed only additive effects, but more recently also uncovered cooperative and antagonistic non-additive effects. We conclude with suggestions for future work, and call for a unified overall picture of non-additivity and epistasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Joaquin Sanchis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Manfred T Reetz
- Max-Plank-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45481, Mülheim, Germany
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
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2
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Lu X, Li J, Huang C, Wang Z, Chen Y, Jiang S, Li J, Xie N. Development of New Multi-Glycosylation Routes to Facilitate the Biosynthesis of Sweetener Mogrosides from Bitter Immature Siraitia Grosvenorii Using Engineered Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18078-18088. [PMID: 39078882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Mogrosides, which have various pharmacological activities, are mainly extracted from Siraitia grosvenorii (Luo Han Guo) and are widely used as natural zero-calorie sweeteners. Unfortunately, the difficult cultivation and long maturation time of Luo Han Guo have contributed to a shortage of mogrosides. To overcome this obstacle, we developed a highly efficient biosynthetic method using engineered Escherichia coli to synthesize sweet mogrosides from bitter mogrosides. Three UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) genes with primary/branched glycosylation catalytic activity at the C3/C24 sites of mogrosides were screened and tested. Mutant M3, which could catalyze the glycosylation of nine types of mogrosides, was obtained through enhanced catalytic activity. This improvement in β-(1,6)-glycosidic bond formation was achieved through single nucleotide polymorphisms and direct evolution, guided by 3D structural analysis. A new multienzyme system combining three UGTs and UDP-glucose (UDPG) regeneration was developed to avoid the use of expensive UDPG. Finally, the content of sweet mogrosides in the immature Luo Han Guo extract increased significantly from 57% to 95%. This study not only established a new multienzyme system for the highly efficient production of sweet mogrosides from immature Luo Han Guo but also provided a guideline for the high-value utilization of rich bitter mogrosides from agricultural waste and residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Lu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Jianxiu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Chuanqing Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Zhefei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Yanchi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Shuiyuan Jiang
- Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Nengzhong Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
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3
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Zhou L, Tao C, Shen X, Sun X, Wang J, Yuan Q. Unlocking the potential of enzyme engineering via rational computational design strategies. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108376. [PMID: 38740355 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Enzymes play a pivotal role in various industries by enabling efficient, eco-friendly, and sustainable chemical processes. However, the low turnover rates and poor substrate selectivity of enzymes limit their large-scale applications. Rational computational enzyme design, facilitated by computational algorithms, offers a more targeted and less labor-intensive approach. There has been notable advancement in employing rational computational protein engineering strategies to overcome these issues, it has not been comprehensively reviewed so far. This article reviews recent developments in rational computational enzyme design, categorizing them into three types: structure-based, sequence-based, and data-driven machine learning computational design. Case studies are presented to demonstrate successful enhancements in catalytic activity, stability, and substrate selectivity. Lastly, the article provides a thorough analysis of these approaches, highlights existing challenges and potential solutions, and offers insights into future development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chunmeng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaolin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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4
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Li SY, Wang GQ, Long L, Gao JL, Zhou ZQ, Wang YH, Lv JM, Chen GD, Hu D, Abe I, Gao H. Functional and structural dissection of glycosyltransferases underlying the glycodiversity of wolfberry-derived bioactive ingredients lycibarbarspermidines. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4588. [PMID: 38816433 PMCID: PMC11139883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Lycibarbarspermidines are unusual phenolamide glycosides characterized by a dicaffeoylspermidine core with multiple glycosyl substitutions, and serve as a major class of bioactive ingredients in the wolfberry. So far, little is known about the enzymatic basis of the glycosylation of phenolamides including dicaffeoylspermidine. Here, we identify five lycibarbarspermidine glycosyltransferases, LbUGT1-5, which are the first phenolamide-type glycosyltransferases and catalyze regioselective glycosylation of dicaffeoylspermidines to form structurally diverse lycibarbarspermidines in wolfberry. Notably, LbUGT3 acts as a distinctive enzyme that catalyzes a tandem sugar transfer to the ortho-dihydroxy group on the caffeoyl moiety to form the unusual ortho-diglucosylated product, while LbUGT1 accurately discriminates caffeoyl and dihydrocaffeoyl groups to catalyze a site-selective sugar transfer. Crystal structure analysis of the complexes of LbUGT1 and LbUGT3 with UDP, combined with molecular dynamics simulations, revealed the structural basis of the difference in glycosylation selectivity between LbUGT1 and LbUGT3. Site-directed mutagenesis illuminates a conserved tyrosine residue (Y389 in LbUGT1 and Y390 in LbUGT3) in PSPG box that plays a crucial role in regulating the regioselectivity of LbUGT1 and LbUGT3. Our study thus sheds light on the enzymatic underpinnings of the chemical diversity of lycibarbarspermidines in wolfberry, and expands the repertoire of glycosyltransferases in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yang Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Gao-Qian Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Liang Long
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia-Ling Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zheng-Qun Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yong-Heng Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Lv
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Guo-Dong Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Ikuro Abe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Hao Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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5
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Gharabli H, Welner DH. The sugar donor specificity of plant family 1 glycosyltransferases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1396268. [PMID: 38756413 PMCID: PMC11096472 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1396268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant family 1 glycosyltransferases (UGTs) represent a formidable tool to produce valuable natural and novel glycosides. Their regio- and stereo-specific one-step glycosylation mechanism along with their inherent wide acceptor scope are desirable traits in biotechnology. However, their donor scope and specificity are not well understood. Since different sugars have different properties in vivo and in vitro, the ability to easily glycodiversify target acceptors is desired, and this depends on our improved understanding of the donor binding site. In the aim to unlock the full potential of UGTs, studies have attempted to elucidate the structure-function relationship governing their donor specificity. These efforts have revealed a complex phenomenon, and general principles valid for multiple enzymes are elusive. Here, we review the studies of UGT donor specificity, and attempt to group the information into key concepts which can help shape future research. We zoom in on the family-defining PSPG motif, on two loop residues reported to interact with the C6 position of the sugar, and on the role of active site arginines in donor specificity. We continue to discuss attempts to alter and expand the donor specificity by enzyme engineering, and finally discuss future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ditte Hededam Welner
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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6
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Li G, Wang W, Guo H, Yi S, Wang F, Huang S, Hu N, Xu Q, Zang Y, Han B, Yin X. Mutability landscape guided engineering of a promiscuous microbial glycosyltransferase for regioselective synthesis of salidroside and icariside D2. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130229. [PMID: 38378110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Microbial glycosyltransferases efficiently synthesize glucosides and have garnered increasing interest. However, limited regioselectivity has impeded their broad application, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, the UDP-glycosyltransferase YjiC from Bacillus licheniformis (BlYjiC) was engineered to achieve the bidirectional regioselective glycosylation of tyrosol and its derivatives. Initially, site-directed saturation mutagenesis was performed on two newly identified substrate-binding cavities in the acceptor pocket of BlYjiC to provide a comprehensive blueprint of the interplay between mutations and function (mutability landscape). Iterative saturation mutagenesis was performed, guided by the mutability landscape. Two highly regioselective mutants M6 (M112L/I325Y/L70R/Q136E/I67E/M77R) and M2' (M112D/I62L) were generated, exhibiting >99 % regioselectivity toward the alcoholic and phenolic hydroxyl of tyrosol, respectively, compared with the wild-type (product mixture: 51:49 %). Both mutants exhibited excellent regioselectivity toward several dihydroxy phenolic substrates, offering valuable biocatalysts for the regioselective synthesis of glucosides. Their application was confirmed in a short synthesis of salidroside (3.6 g/L) and icariside D2 (2.4 g/L), which exhibited near-perfect regioselectivity. This study provides valuable insights into future protein engineering of similar enzymes and opens new avenues for their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosi Li
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Heng Guo
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519080, China
| | - Shanyong Yi
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Shiping Huang
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Qilin Xu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Yongjun Zang
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Bangxing Han
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute of Anhui Dabie Mountain, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Xinjian Yin
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519080, China.
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7
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Chu J, Zhao L, Xu X, Li Y, Wu B, Qin S, He B. Evolving the 3-O/6-O regiospecificity of a microbial glycosyltransferase for efficient production of ginsenoside Rh1 and unnatural ginsenoside. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129678. [PMID: 38280704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferase is a popular and promising enzyme to produce high-value-added natural products. Rare ginsenoside Rh1 and unnatural ginsenoside 3β-O-Glc-PPT are promising candidates for drugs. Herein, the microbial glycosyltransferase UGTBL1 was able to catalyze the 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) 3-O/6-O-glycosylation with poor 6-O-regiospecificity. A structure-guided strategy of mutations involving loop engineering, PSPG motif evolution, and access tunnel engineering was proposed to engineer the enzyme UGTBL1. The variant I62R/M320H/P321Y/N170A from protein engineering achieved a great improvement in 6-O regioselectivity which increased from 10.98 % (WT) to 96.26 % and a booming conversion of 95.57 % for ginsenoside Rh1. A single mutant M320W showed an improved 3-O regioselectivity of 84.83 % and an increased conversion of 98.13 % for the 3β-O-glc-PPT product. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to elucidate the possible molecular basis of the regiospecificity and catalytic activity. The unprecedented high titer of ginsenoside Rh1 (20.48 g/L) and 3β-O-Glc-PPT (18.04 g/L) was attained with high regioselectivity and yields using fed-batch cascade reactions from UDPG recycle, which was the highest yield reported to date. This work could provide an efficient and cost-effective approach to the valuable ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yuting Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Bin Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Song Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Bingfang He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China.
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8
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Lethe MCL, Paris V, Wang X, Chan CTY. Similarities in Structure and Function of UDP-Glycosyltransferase Homologs from Human and Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2782. [PMID: 38474028 PMCID: PMC10932239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (UGT) superfamily plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and metabolic wastes, which is essential for detoxifying those species. Over the last several decades, a huge effort has been put into studying human and mammalian UGT homologs, but family members in other organisms have been explored much less. Potentially, other UGT homologs can have desirable substrate specificity and biological activities that can be harnessed for detoxification in various medical settings. In this review article, we take a plant UGT homology, UGT71G1, and compare its structural and biochemical properties with the human homologs. These comparisons suggest that even though mammalian and plant UGTs are functional in different environments, they may support similar biochemical activities based on their protein structure and function. The known biological functions of these homologs are discussed so as to provide insights into the use of UGT homologs from other organisms for addressing human diseases related to UGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Caroline L. Lethe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, TX 76207, USA (V.P.)
| | - Vincent Paris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, TX 76207, USA (V.P.)
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203, USA;
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Clement T. Y. Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, TX 76207, USA (V.P.)
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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9
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Ohashi H, Koma D, Yamanaka H, Ohmoto T. Enzymatic properties of UDP-glycosyltransferase 89B1 from radish and modulation of enzyme catalytic activity via loop region mutation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299755. [PMID: 38416725 PMCID: PMC10901349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases (GTs), crucial enzymes in plants, alter natural substances through glycosylation, a process with extensive applications in pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics. This study narrows its focus to GT family 1, specifically UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), which are known for glycosylating small phenolic compounds, especially hydroxybenzoates. We delve into the workings of Raphanus sativus glucosyltransferase (Rs89B1), a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana UGT89B1, and its mutant to explore their glycosyltransferase activities toward hydroxybenzoates. Our findings reveal that Rs89B1 glycosylates primarily the para-position of mono-, di-, trihydroxy benzoic acids, and its substrate affinity is swayed by the presence and position of the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring of hydroxybenzoate. Moreover, mutations in the loop region of Rs89B1 impact both substrate affinity and catalytic activity. The study demonstrates that insertional/deletional mutations in non-conserved regions, which are distant from the UGT's recognition site, can have an effect on the UGT's substrate recognition site, which in turn affects acceptor substrate selectivity and glycosyltransferase activity. This research uncovers new insights suggesting that mutations in the loop region could potentially fine-tune enzyme properties and enhance its catalytic activity. These findings not only have significant implications for enzyme engineering in biotechnological applications but also contribute to a more profound understanding of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ohashi
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Osaka-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koma
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Osaka-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hayato Yamanaka
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Osaka-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohmoto
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Osaka-City, Osaka, Japan
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10
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Zhang C, Cai Y, Zhang Z, Zheng N, Zhou H, Su Y, Du S, Hussain A, Xia X. Directed Evolution of the UDP-Glycosyltransferase UGT BL1 for Highly Regioselective and Efficient Biosynthesis of Natural Phenolic Glycosides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1640-1650. [PMID: 38213280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The O-glycosylation of polyphenols for the synthesis of glycosides has garnered substantial attention in food research applications. However, the practical utility of UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) is significantly hindered by their low catalytic efficiency and suboptimal regioselectivity. The concurrent optimization of the regioselectivity and activity during the glycosylation of polyphenols presents a formidable challenge. Here, we addressed the long-standing activity-regioselectivity tradeoff in glycosyltransferase UGTBL1 through systematic enzyme engineering. The optimal combination of mutants, N61S/I62M/D63W/A208R/P218W/R282W (SMWRW1W2), yielded a 6.1-fold improvement in relative activity and a 17.3-fold increase in the ratio of gastrodin to para-hydroxybenzyl alcohol-4'-O-β-glucoside (with 89.5% regioselectivity for gastrodin) compared to those of the wild-type enzyme and ultimately allowed gram-scale production of gastrodin (1,066.2 mg/L) using whole-cell biocatalysis. In addition, variant SMWRW1W2 exhibited a preference for producing phenolic glycosides from several substrates. This study lays the foundation for the engineering of additional UGTs and the practical applications of UGTs in regioselective retrofitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yongchao Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zehua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yumeng Su
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shuang Du
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Asif Hussain
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaole Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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11
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Pande S, Patel CA, Dhameliya TM, Beladiya J, Parikh P, Kachhadiya R, Dholakia S. Inhibition of Uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases A10 and B7 by vitamins: insights from in silico and in vitro studies. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:8. [PMID: 38204437 PMCID: PMC10774253 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-023-00182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) have been considered as a family of enzymes responsible for the glucuronidation process, a crucial phase II detoxification reaction. Among the various UGT isoforms, UGTs A10 and B7 have garnered significant attention due to their broad substrate specificity and involvement in the metabolism of numerous compounds. Recent studies have suggested that certain vitamins may exert inhibitory effects on UGT activity, thereby influencing the metabolism of drugs, environmental toxins, and endogenous substances, ultimately impacting their biological activities. In the present study, the inhibition potential of vitamins (A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, D3, E, and C) on UGT1A10 and UGT2B7 was determined using in silico and in vitro approaches. A 3-dimensional model of UGT1A10 and UGT2B7 enzymes was built using Swiss Model, ITASSER, and ROSETTA and verified using Ramachandran plot and SAVES tools. Molecular docking studies revealed that vitamins interact with UGT1A10 and UGT2B7 enzymes by binding within the active site pocket and interacting with residues. Among all vitamins, the highest binding affinity predicted by molecular docking was - 8.61 kcal/mol with vitamin B1. The in vitro studies results demonstrated the inhibition of the glucuronidation activity of UGTs by vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, B9, C, D, and E, with IC50 values of 3.28 ± 1.07 µg/mL, 24.21 ± 1.11 µg/mL, 3.69 ± 1.02 µg/mL, 23.60 ± 1.08 µg/mL, 6.77 ± 1.08 µg/mL, 83.95 ± 1.09 µg/ml, 3.27 ± 1.13 µg/mL and 3.89 ± 1.12 µg/mL, respectively. These studies provided the valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying drug-vitamins interactions and have the potential to guide personalized medicine approaches, optimizing therapeutic outcomes, and ensuring patient safety. Indeed, further research in the area of UGT (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase) inhibition by vitamins is essential to fully understand the clinical relevance and implications of these interactions. UGTs play a crucial role in the metabolism and elimination of various drugs, toxins, and endogenous compounds in the body. Therefore, any factors that can modulate UGT activity, including vitamins, can have implications for drug metabolism, drug-drug interactions, and overall health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-023-00182-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Pande
- Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, India
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
| | - Chirag A. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
| | - Tejas M. Dhameliya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382 481 India
| | - Jayesh Beladiya
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
| | - Palak Parikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 38009 India
| | - Radhika Kachhadiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 38009 India
| | - Sandip Dholakia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 38009 India
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12
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Tang SN, Barnum CR, Szarzanowicz MJ, Sirirungruang S, Shih PM. Harnessing Plant Sugar Metabolism for Glycoengineering. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1505. [PMID: 38132331 PMCID: PMC10741112 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Plants possess an innate ability to generate vast amounts of sugar and produce a range of sugar-derived compounds that can be utilized for applications in industry, health, and agriculture. Nucleotide sugars lie at the unique intersection of primary and specialized metabolism, enabling the biosynthesis of numerous molecules ranging from small glycosides to complex polysaccharides. Plants are tolerant to perturbations to their balance of nucleotide sugars, allowing for the overproduction of endogenous nucleotide sugars to push flux towards a particular product without necessitating the re-engineering of upstream pathways. Pathways to produce even non-native nucleotide sugars may be introduced to synthesize entirely novel products. Heterologously expressed glycosyltransferases capable of unique sugar chemistries can further widen the synthetic repertoire of a plant, and transporters can increase the amount of nucleotide sugars available to glycosyltransferases. In this opinion piece, we examine recent successes and potential future uses of engineered nucleotide sugar biosynthetic, transport, and utilization pathways to improve the production of target compounds. Additionally, we highlight current efforts to engineer glycosyltransferases. Ultimately, the robust nature of plant sugar biochemistry renders plants a powerful chassis for the production of target glycoconjugates and glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia N. Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; (M.J.S.)
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Collin R. Barnum
- Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Matthew J. Szarzanowicz
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; (M.J.S.)
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sasilada Sirirungruang
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; (M.J.S.)
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Patrick M. Shih
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; (M.J.S.)
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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13
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Cheng W, Fang X, Guan Z, Yao Y, Xu Z, Bi Y, Ren K, Li J, Chen F, Chen X, Ma W, Chu Z, Deng Z, Zhang Z, Lu L. Functional characterization and structural basis of a reversible glycosyltransferase involves in plant chemical defence. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:2611-2624. [PMID: 37581303 PMCID: PMC10651139 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants experience numerous biotic stresses throughout their lifespan, such as pathogens and pests, which can substantially affect crop production. In response, plants have evolved various metabolites that help them withstand these stresses. Here, we show that two specialized metabolites in the herbaceous perennial Belamcanda chinensis, tectorigenin and its glycoside tectoridin, have diverse defensive effects against phytopathogenic microorganisms and antifeeding effects against insect pest. We further functionally characterized a 7-O-uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase Bc7OUGT, which catalyses a novel reversible glycosylation of tectorigenin and tectoridin. To elucidate the catalytic mechanisms of Bc7OUGT, we solved its crystal structure in complex with UDP and UDP/tectorigenin respectively. Structural analysis revealed the Bc7OUGT possesses a narrow but novel substrate-binding pocket made up by plentiful aromatic residues. Further structure-guided mutagenesis of these residues increased both glycosylation and deglycosylation activities. The catalytic reversibility of Bc7OUGT was also successfully applied in an one-pot aglycon exchange reaction. Our findings demonstrated the promising biopesticide activity of tectorigenin and its glycosides, and the characterization and mechanistic study of Bc7OUGT could facilitate the design of novel reversible UGTs to produce valuable glycosides with health benefits for both plants and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xueting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhifeng Guan
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhenni Xu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yunya Bi
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Kexin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Genetics, College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jiwen Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiangsong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Genetics, College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
| | - Weihua Ma
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Genetics, College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
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14
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Xu SY, Zhou L, Xu Y, Hong HY, Dai C, Wang YJ, Zheng YG. Recent advances in structure-based enzyme engineering for functional reconstruction. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3427-3445. [PMID: 37638646 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Structural information can help engineer enzymes. Usually, specific amino acids in particular regions are targeted for functional reconstruction to enhance the catalytic performance, including activity, stereoselectivity, and thermostability. Appropriate selection of target sites is the key to structure-based design, which requires elucidation of the structure-function relationships. Here, we summarize the mutations of residues in different specific regions, including active center, access tunnels, and flexible loops, on fine-tuning the catalytic performance of enzymes, and discuss the effects of altering the local structural environment on the functions. In addition, we keep up with the recent progress of structure-based approaches for enzyme engineering, aiming to provide some guidance on how to take advantage of the structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Yue Hong
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Dai
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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15
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Wang M, Ji Q, Lai B, Liu Y, Mei K. Structure-function and engineering of plant UDP-glycosyltransferase. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:5358-5371. [PMID: 37965058 PMCID: PMC10641439 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products synthesized by plants have substantial industrial and medicinal values and are therefore attracting increasing interest in various related industries. Among the key enzyme families involved in the biosynthesis of natural products, uridine diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play a crucial role in plants. In recent years, significant efforts have been made to elucidate the catalytic mechanisms and substrate recognition of plant UGTs and to improve them for desired functions. In this review, we presented a comprehensive overview of all currently published structures of plant UGTs, along with in-depth analyses of the corresponding catalytic and substrate recognition mechanisms. In addition, we summarized and evaluated the protein engineering strategies applied to improve the catalytic activities of plant UGTs, with a particular focus on high-throughput screening methods. The primary objective of this review is to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of plant UGTs and to serve as a valuable reference for the latest techniques used to improve their activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qiushuang Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bin Lai
- BMBF junior research group Biophotovoltaics, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Yirong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kunrong Mei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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16
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Yu H, Zhang X, Acevedo-Rocha CG, Li A, Reetz MT. Protein engineering using mutability landscapes: Controlling site-selectivity of P450-catalyzed steroid hydroxylation. Methods Enzymol 2023; 693:191-229. [PMID: 37977731 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Directed evolution and rational design have been used widely in engineering enzymes for their application in synthetic organic chemistry and biotechnology. With stereoselectivity playing a crucial role in catalysis for the synthesis of valuable chemical and pharmaceutical compounds, rational design has not achieved such wide success in this specific area compared to directed evolution. Nevertheless, one bottleneck of directed evolution is the laborious screening efforts and the observed trade-offs in catalytic profiles. This has motivated researchers to develop more efficient protein engineering methods. As a prime approach, mutability landscaping avoids such trade-offs by providing more information of sequence-function relationships. Here, we describe an application of this efficient protein engineering method to improve the regio-/stereoselectivity and activity of P450BM3 for steroid hydroxylation, while keeping the mutagenesis libraries small so that they will require only minimal screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of life science, Hubei University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of life science, Hubei University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Carlos G Acevedo-Rocha
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of life science, Hubei University, Wuhan, P.R. China.
| | - Manfred T Reetz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Muelheim, Germany; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, P. R. China.
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17
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Ali MY, Liaqat F, Khazi MI, Sethupathy S, Zhu D. Utilization of glycosyltransferases as a seamless tool for synthesis and modification of the oligosaccharides-A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:125916. [PMID: 37527764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) catalyze the transfer of active monosaccharide donors to carbohydrates to create a wide range of oligosaccharide structures. GTs display strong regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in producing glycosidic bonds, making them extremely valuable in the in vitro synthesis of oligosaccharides. The synthesis of oligosaccharides by GTs often gives high yields; however, the enzyme activity may experience product inhibition. Additionally, the higher cost of nucleotide sugars limits the usage of GTs for oligosaccharide synthesis. In this review, we comprehensively discussed the structure and mechanism of GTs based on recent literature and the CAZY website data. To provide innovative ideas for the functional studies of GTs, we summarized several remarkable characteristics of GTs, including folding, substrate specificity, regioselectivity, donor sugar nucleotides, catalytic reversibility, and differences between GTs and GHs. In particular, we highlighted the recent advancements in multi-enzyme cascade reactions and co-immobilization of GTs, focusing on overcoming problems with product inhibition and cost issues. Finally, we presented various types of GT that have been successfully used for oligosaccharide synthesis. We concluded that there is still an opportunity for improvement in enzymatically produced oligosaccharide yield, and future research should focus on improving the yield and reducing the production cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Yassin Ali
- Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Fakhra Liaqat
- Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mahammed Ilyas Khazi
- Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sivasamy Sethupathy
- Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Daochen Zhu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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18
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Tao Y, Xu J, Shao J, He X, Cai R, Chen K, Li Y, Jia H. Three Glycosyltransferase Mutants in a One-Pot Multi-enzyme System with Enhanced Efficiency for Biosynthesis of Quercetin-3,4'- O-diglucoside. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6662-6672. [PMID: 37079496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin-3,4'-O-diglucoside (Q3,4'G), among the major dietary flavonoids, is superior to quercetin aglycone or quercetin monoglucoside in solubility. However, its low content in nature makes it hard to be prepared in large quantities by traditional extraction methods. In the present study, the F378S mutant of UGT78D2 (78D2_F378S) derived from Arabidopsis thaliana with improved regioselectivity and the V371A mutant of UGT73G1 (73G1_V371A) derived from Allium cepa were adopted to realize a two-step continuous glycosylation of quercetin to produce Q3,4'G. The mutation S31D was introduced to the sucrose synthase from Micractinium conductrix with enhanced activity, which was responsible for regenerating UDP-glucose by coupling with 78D2_F378S and 73G1_V371A. Using the aforementioned enzymes, prepared from the three-enzyme co-expression strain, 4.4 ± 0.03 g/L (7.0 ± 0.05 mM, yield 21.2%) Q3,4'G was produced from 10 g/L quercetin after reaction for 24 h at 45 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehui Tao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Junlan Shao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoying He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ruxin Cai
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Honghua Jia
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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19
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Ren J, Barton CD, Zhan J. Engineered production of bioactive polyphenolic O-glycosides. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108146. [PMID: 37028465 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds (such as quercetin and resveratrol) possess potential medicinal values due to their various bioactivities, but poor water solubility hinders their health benefits to humankind. Glycosylation is a well-known post-modification method to biosynthesize natural product glycosides with improved hydrophilicity. Glycosylation has profound effects on decreasing toxicity, increasing bioavailability and stability, together with changing bioactivity of polyphenolic compounds. Therefore, polyphenolic glycosides can be used as food additives, therapeutics, and nutraceuticals. Engineered biosynthesis provides an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to generate polyphenolic glycosides through the use of various glycosyltransferases (GTs) and sugar biosynthetic enzymes. GTs transfer the sugar moieties from nucleotide-activated diphosphate sugar (NDP-sugar) donors to sugar acceptors such as polyphenolic compounds. In this review, we systematically review and summarize the representative polyphenolic O-glycosides with various bioactivities and their engineered biosynthesis in microbes with different biotechnological strategies. We also review the major routes towards NDP-sugar formation in microbes, which is significant for producing unusual or novel glycosides. Finally, we discuss the trends in NDP-sugar based glycosylation research to promote the development of prodrugs that positively impact human health and wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ren
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4105, USA
| | - Caleb Don Barton
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4105, USA
| | - Jixun Zhan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4105, USA.
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20
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Zhou Q, Wu Y, Deng J, Liu Y, Li J, Du G, Lv X, Liu L. Combinatorial metabolic engineering enables high yield production of α-arbutin from sucrose by biocatalysis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2897-2910. [PMID: 37000229 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
α-Arbutin has been widely used as a skin-whitening ingredient. Previously, we successfully produced α-arbutin via whole-cell biocatalysis and found that the conversion rate of sucrose to α-arbutin was low (~45%). To overcome this issue, herein, we knocked out the genes of enzymes related to the sucrose hydrolysis, including sacB, sacC, levB, and sacA. The sucrose consumption was reduced by 17.4% in 24 h, and the sucrose conversion rate was increased to 51.5%. Furthermore, we developed an inducible protein degradation system with Lon protease isolated from Mesoplasma florum (MfLon) and proteolytic tag to control the PfkA activity, so that more fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) can be converted into glucose-1-phosphate (Glc1P) for α-arbutin synthesis, which can reduce the addition of sucrose and increase the sucrose conversion efficiency. Finally, the pathway of F6P to Glc1P was enhanced by integrating another copy of glucose 6-phosphate isomerase (Pgi) and phosphoglucomutase (PgcA); a high α-arbutin titer (~120 g/L) was obtained. The sucrose conversion rate was increased to 60.4% (mol/mol). In this study, the substrate utilization rate was boosted due to the attenuation of its hydrolysis and the assistance of the intracellular enzymes that converted the side product back into the substrate for α-arbutin synthesis. This strategy provides a new idea for the whole-cell biocatalytic synthesis of other products using sucrose as substrate, especially valuable glycosides.Key points The genes of sucrose metabolic pathway were knocked out to reduce the sucrose consumption. The by-product fructose was reused to synthesize α-arbutin. The optimized whole-cell system improved sucrose conversion by 15.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Wuxi Food Safety Inspection and Test Center & Technology Innovation Center of Special Food for State Market Regulation, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yaokang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jieying Deng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xueqin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Science Center for Future Foods, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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21
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Sirirungruang S, Barnum CR, Tang SN, Shih PM. Plant glycosyltransferases for expanding bioactive glycoside diversity. Nat Prod Rep 2023. [PMID: 36853278 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00077f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a successful strategy to alter the pharmacological properties of small molecules, and it has emerged as a unique approach to expand the chemical space of natural products that can be explored in drug discovery. Traditionally, most glycosylation events have been carried out chemically, often requiring many protection and deprotection steps to achieve a target molecule. Enzymatic glycosylation by glycosyltransferases could provide an alternative strategy for producing new glycosides. In particular, the glycosyltransferase family has greatly expanded in plants, representing a rich enzymatic resource to mine and expand the diversity of glycosides with novel bioactive properties. This article highlights previous and prospective uses for plant glycosyltransferases in generating bioactive glycosides and altering their pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasilada Sirirungruang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA.,Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Collin R Barnum
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sophia N Tang
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA.,Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Patrick M Shih
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA.,Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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22
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Wu Y, Yu X, Zhou H, Li S, Wu X, Zhao J. Revealing the critical role of Leucine145 of α-glucosidase AglA for enhancing α-arbutin production. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.112943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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Ouadhi S, López DMV, Mohideen FI, Kwan DH. Engineering the enzyme toolbox to tailor glycosylation in small molecule natural products and protein biologics. Protein Eng Des Sel 2023; 36:gzac010. [PMID: 36444941 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Many glycosylated small molecule natural products and glycoprotein biologics are important in a broad range of therapeutic and industrial applications. The sugar moieties that decorate these compounds often show a profound impact on their biological functions, thus biocatalytic methods for controlling their glycosylation are valuable. Enzymes from nature are useful tools to tailor bioproduct glycosylation but these sometimes have limitations in their catalytic efficiency, substrate specificity, regiospecificity, stereospecificity, or stability. Enzyme engineering strategies such as directed evolution or semi-rational and rational design have addressed some of the challenges presented by these limitations. In this review, we highlight some of the recent research on engineering enzymes to tailor the glycosylation of small molecule natural products (including alkaloids, terpenoids, polyketides, and peptides), as well as the glycosylation of protein biologics (including hormones, enzyme-replacement therapies, enzyme inhibitors, vaccines, and antibodies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ouadhi
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 2A6, Canada
- PROTEO, Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dulce María Valdez López
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 2A6, Canada
- PROTEO, Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - F Ifthiha Mohideen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - David H Kwan
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 2A6, Canada
- PROTEO, Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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24
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Zhang X, Shen P, Zhao J, Chen Y, Li X, Huang JW, Zhang L, Li Q, Gao C, Xing Q, Chen CC, Guo RT, Li A. Rationally Controlling Selective Steroid Hydroxylation via Scaffold Sampling of a P450 Family. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Lilan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Chenghua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Aitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
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25
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Asymmetric synthesis of syn-aryl-(2S,3R)-2-chloro-3-hydroxy esters via an engineered ketoreductase-catalyzed dynamic reductive kinetic resolution. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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26
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Franceus J, Lormans J, Desmet T. Building mutational bridges between carbohydrate-active enzymes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 78:102804. [PMID: 36156353 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The commercial value of specialty carbohydrates and glycosylated compounds has sparked considerable interest in the synthetic potential of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). Protein engineering methods have proven to be highly successful in expanding the range of glycosylation reactions that these enzymes can perform efficiently and cost-effectively. The past few years have witnessed meaningful progress in this area, largely due to a sharper focus on the understanding of structure-function relationships and mechanistic intricacies. Here, we summarize recent studies that demonstrate how protein engineers have become much better at traversing the fitness landscape of CAZymes through mutational bridges that connect the different activity types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorick Franceus
- Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Lormans
- Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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27
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Synergistic Pd/Cu catalysis enabled cross-coupling of glycosyl stannanes with sulfonium salts to access C-aryl/alkenyl glycals. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Subedi P, Kim MS, Lee JH, Park JK, Oh TJ. Insight into glucocorticoids glucosylation by glucosyltransferase: A combined experimental and in-silico approach. Biophys Chem 2022; 289:106875. [PMID: 35987098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2022.106875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glucosyltransferases catalyze the glucosidic bond formation by transferring a glucose molecule from an activated sugar donor to an acceptor substrate. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are adrenal-derived steroid hormones most widely used for anti-inflammatory treatments. In this study, we biotransformed two selected GCs, cortisone and prednisone, into their O-glucoside derivatives using a versatile UDP-glycosyltransferase UGT-1. Complete structural assignment of glucosylated products revealed that the bioconversion by regio-selective glucosylation of cortisone and prednisone produced cortisone 21-glucoside and prednisone 21-glucoside, respectively. We also combined molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to study the binding feature and mechanism of glucosylation. MD simulation studies showed the formation of a stable complex between protein, glucose donor, and substrate, stabilized by hydrogen bonds. Overall, we were able to provide explanations for the experimentally observed selectivity for glucosylation by integrating experimental and computational techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Subedi
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sunmoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Su Kim
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sunmoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Ho Lee
- Genome-based BioIT Convergence Institute, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea; Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sunmoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Oh
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sunmoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea; Genome-based BioIT Convergence Institute, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea; Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sunmoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 31460, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Reetz M. Witnessing the Birth of Directed Evolution of Stereoselective Enzymes as Catalysts in Organic Chemistry. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Reetz M. Making Enzymes Suitable for Organic Chemistry by Rational Protein Design. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200049. [PMID: 35389556 PMCID: PMC9401064 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This review outlines recent developments in protein engineering of stereo- and regioselective enzymes, which are of prime interest in organic and pharmaceutical chemistry as well as biotechnology. The widespread application of enzymes was hampered for decades due to limited enantio-, diastereo- and regioselectivity, which was the reason why most organic chemists were not interested in biocatalysis. This attitude began to change with the advent of semi-rational directed evolution methods based on focused saturation mutagenesis at sites lining the binding pocket. Screening constitutes the labor-intensive step (bottleneck), which is the reason why various research groups are continuing to develop techniques for the generation of small and smart mutant libraries. Rational enzyme design, traditionally an alternative to directed evolution, provides small collections of mutants which require minimal screening. This approach first focused on thermostabilization, and did not enter the field of stereoselectivity until later. Computational guides such as the Rosetta algorithms, HotSpot Wizard metric, and machine learning (ML) contribute significantly to decision making. The newest advancements show that semi-rational directed evolution such as CAST/ISM and rational enzyme design no longer develop on separate tracks, instead, they have started to merge. Indeed, researchers utilizing the two approaches have learned from each other. Today, the toolbox of organic chemists includes enzymes, primarily because the possibility of controlling stereoselectivity by protein engineering has ensured reliability when facing synthetic challenges. This review was also written with the hope that undergraduate and graduate education will include enzymes more so than in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Reetz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur KohlenforschungMülheim an der RuhrGermany
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31
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Yu J, Tao Y, Pan H, Lin L, Sun J, Ma R, Li Y, Jia H. Mutation of Stevia glycosyltransferase UGT76G1 for efficient biotransformation of rebaudioside E into rebaudioside M. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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32
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Bidart G, Putkaradze N, Fredslund F, Kjeldsen C, Ruiz AG, Duus JØ, Teze D, Welner DH. Family 1 Glycosyltransferase UGT706F8 from Zea mays Selectively Catalyzes the Synthesis of Silibinin 7- O-β-d-Glucoside. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2022; 10:5078-5083. [PMID: 35493695 PMCID: PMC9045260 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c07593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Regioselective glycosylation is a chemical challenge, leading to multistep syntheses with protecting group manipulations, ultimately resulting in poor atom economy and compromised sustainability. Enzymes allow eco-friendly and regioselective bond formation with fully deprotected substrates in a single reaction. For the selective glucosylation of silibinin, a pharmaceutical challenged with low solubility, enzyme engineering has previously been employed, but the resulting yields and k cat were limited, prohibiting the application of the engineered catalyst. Here, we identified a naturally regioselective silibinin glucosyltransferase, UGT706F8, a family 1 glycosyltransferase from Zea mays. It selectively and efficiently (k cat = 2.1 ± 0.1 s-1; K M = 36.9 ± 5.2 μM; TTN = 768 ± 22) catalyzes the quantitative synthesis of silibinin 7-O-β-d-glucoside. We solved the crystal structure of UGT706F8 and investigated the molecular determinants of regioselective silibinin glucosylation. UGT706F8 was the only regioselective enzyme among 18 glycosyltransferases found to be active on silibinin. We found the temperature optimum of UGT706F8 to be 34 °C and the pH optimum to be 7-8. Our results indicate that UGT706F8 is an efficient silibinin glycosyltransferase that enables biocatalytic production of silbinin 7-O-β-d-glucoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo
N. Bidart
- The
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Natalia Putkaradze
- The
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Folmer Fredslund
- The
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Kjeldsen
- DTU
Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ander Garralda Ruiz
- The
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Ø. Duus
- DTU
Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Teze
- The
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- (D. Teze)
| | - Ditte H. Welner
- The
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- (D. H. Welner)
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33
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He B, Bai X, Tan Y, Xie W, Feng Y, Yang GY. Glycosyltransferases: Mining, engineering and applications in biosynthesis of glycosylated plant natural products. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:602-620. [PMID: 35261926 PMCID: PMC8883072 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
UDP-Glycosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the transfer of nucleotide-activated sugars to specific acceptors, among which the GT1 family enzymes are well-known for their function in biosynthesis of natural product glycosides. Elucidating GT function represents necessary step in metabolic engineering of aglycone glycosylation to produce drug leads, cosmetics, nutrients and sweeteners. In this review, we systematically summarize the phylogenetic distribution and catalytic diversity of plant GTs. We also discuss recent progress in the identification of novel GT candidates for synthesis of plant natural products (PNPs) using multi-omics technology and deep learning predicted models. We also highlight recent advances in rational design and directed evolution engineering strategies for new or improved GT functions. Finally, we cover recent breakthroughs in the application of GTs for microbial biosynthesis of some representative glycosylated PNPs, including flavonoid glycosides (fisetin 3-O-glycosides, astragalin, scutellarein 7-O-glucoside), terpenoid glycosides (rebaudioside A, ginsenosides) and polyketide glycosides (salidroside, polydatin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yumeng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wentao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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34
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Yin Q, Wei Y, Han X, Chen J, Gao H, Sun W. Unraveling the Glucosylation of Astringency Compounds of Horse Chestnut via Integrative Sensory Evaluation, Flavonoid Metabolism, Differential Transcriptome, and Phylogenetic Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:830343. [PMID: 35185970 PMCID: PMC8850972 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.830343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The seeds of Chinese horse chestnut are used as a source of starch and escin, whereas the potential use of whole plant has been ignored. The astringency and bitterness of tea produced from the leaves and flowers were found to be significantly better than those of green tea, suggesting that the enriched flavonoids maybe sensory determinates. During 47 flavonoids identified in leaves and flowers, seven flavonol glycosides in the top 10 including astragalin and isoquercitrin were significantly higher content in flowers than in leaves. The crude proteins of flowers could catalyze flavonol glucosides' formation, in which three glycosyltransferases contributed to the flavonol glucosylation were screened out by multi-dimensional integration of transcriptome, evolutionary analyses, recombinant enzymatic analysis and molecular docking. The deep exploration for flavonol profile and glycosylation provides theoretical and experimental basis for utilization of flowers and leaves of Aesculus chinensis as additives and dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang Yin
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiding Wei
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Han
- Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwang Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Gao
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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35
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Tong F, Qin Z, Wang H, Jiang Y, Li J, Ming H, Qu G, Xiao Y, Sun Z. Biosynthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols via an Engineered Amine Dehydrogenase in E. coli. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:778584. [PMID: 35071200 PMCID: PMC8766677 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.778584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral amino alcohols are prevalent synthons in pharmaceuticals and synthetic bioactive compounds. The efficient synthesis of chiral amino alcohols using ammonia as the sole amino donor under mild conditions is highly desired and challenging in organic chemistry and biotechnology. Our previous work explored a panel of engineered amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs) derived from amino acid dehydrogenase (AADH), enabling the one-step synthesis of chiral amino alcohols via the asymmetric reductive amination of α-hydroxy ketones. Although the AmDH-directed asymmetric reduction is in a high stereoselective manner, the activity is yet fully excavated. Herein, an engineered AmDH derived from a leucine dehydrogenase from Sporosarcina psychrophila (SpAmDH) was recruited as the starting enzyme, and the combinatorial active-site saturation test/iterative saturation mutagenesis (CAST/ISM) strategy was applied to improve the activity. After three rounds of mutagenesis in an iterative fashion, the best variant wh84 was obtained and proved to be effective in the asymmetric reductive amination of 1-hydroxy-2-butanone with 4-fold improvements in kcat/Km and total turnover number (TTN) values compared to those of the starting enzyme, while maintaining high enantioselectivity (ee >99%) and thermostability (T5015 >53°C). In preparative-scale reaction, the conversion of 100 and 200 mM 1-hydroxy-2-butanone catalyzed by wh84 was up to 91–99%. Insights into the source of an enhanced activity were gained by the computational analysis. Our work expands the catalytic repertoire and toolbox of AmDHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongmin Qin
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Junkuan Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Ming
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
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36
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Coines J, Cuxart I, Teze D, Rovira C. Computer Simulation to Rationalize “Rational” Engineering of Glycoside Hydrolases and Glycosyltransferases. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:802-812. [PMID: 35073079 PMCID: PMC8819650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Glycoside hydrolases
and glycosyltransferases are the main classes
of enzymes that synthesize and degrade carbohydrates, molecules essential
to life that are a challenge for classical chemistry. As such, considerable
efforts have been made to engineer these enzymes and make them pliable
to human needs, ranging from directed evolution to rational design,
including mechanism engineering. Such endeavors fall short and are
unreported in numerous cases, while even success is a necessary but
not sufficient proof that the chemical rationale behind the design
is correct. Here we review some of the recent work in CAZyme mechanism
engineering, showing that computational simulations are instrumental
to rationalize experimental data, providing mechanistic insight into
how native and engineered CAZymes catalyze chemical reactions. We
illustrate this with two recent studies in which (i) a glycoside hydrolase
is converted into a glycoside phosphorylase and (ii) substrate specificity
of a glycosyltransferase is engineered toward forming O-, N-, or S-glycosidic bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Coines
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Irene Cuxart
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - David Teze
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Carme Rovira
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
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37
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Wu X, Li Z, Lin J, Huang Z, Chen F. Engineered Cyclohexylamine Oxidase with Improved Activity and Stereoselectivity for Asymmetric Synthesis of a Bulky Dextromethorphan Precursor and Its Analogues. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Wu
- Fudan University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhining Li
- Fudan University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Juan Lin
- Fuzhou University College of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zedu Huang
- Fudan University Chemistry Department 220 Handan Road 200433 Shanghai CHINA
| | - Fener Chen
- Fudan University Department of Chemistry CHINA
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38
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Qu G, Bi Y, Liu B, Li J, Han X, Liu W, Jiang Y, Qin Z, Sun Z. Unlocking the Stereoselectivity and Substrate Acceptance of Enzymes: Proline‐Induced Loop Engineering Test. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Yuexin Bi
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Junkuan Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
- Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xu Han
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zongmin Qin
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308 China
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39
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Ming H, Yuan B, Qu G, Sun Z. Engineering the activity of amine dehydrogenase in the asymmetric reductive amination of hydroxyl ketones. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00391k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An engineered AmDH derived from a leucine dehydrogenase was used as the starting enzyme to improve its activity in the synthesis of (R)-3-amino-1-butanol. Preparative-scale synthesis of the (R)-product (90% yield, >99%) was performed on a gram-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ming
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and technology of China, Hefei 230022, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
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40
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Zhang M, Yi Y, Gao B, Su H, Bao Y, Shi X, Wang H, Li F, Ye M, Qiao X. Functional Characterization and Protein Engineering of a Triterpene 3‐/6‐/2′‐
O
‐Glycosyltransferase Reveal a Conserved Residue Critical for the Regiospecificity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191 China
| | - Yang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191 China
| | - Bai‐Han Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191 China
| | - Hui‐Fei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191 China
| | - Yang‐Oujie Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xiao‐Meng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191 China
| | - Hai‐Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191 China
| | - Fu‐Dong Li
- National Science Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191 China
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41
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Tian M, Yang L, Wang Z, Lv P, Fu J, Miao C, Li M, Liu T, Luo W. Improved methanol tolerance of Rhizomucor miehei lipase based on N‑glycosylation within the α-helix region and its application in biodiesel production. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:237. [PMID: 34911574 PMCID: PMC8675521 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liquid lipases are widely used to convert oil into biodiesel. Methanol-resistant lipases with high catalytic activity are the first choice for practical production. Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) is a single-chain α/β-type protein that is widely used in biodiesel preparation. Improving the catalytic activity and methanol tolerance of RML is necessary to realise the industrial production of biodiesel. RESULTS In this study, a semi-rational design method was used to optimise the catalytic activity and methanol tolerance of ProRML. After N-glycosylation modification of the α-helix of the mature peptide in ProRML, the resulting mutants N218, N93, N115, N260, and N183 increased enzyme activity by 66.81, 13.54, 10.33, 3.69, and 2.39 times than that of WT, respectively. The residual activities of N218 and N260 were 88.78% and 86.08% after incubation in 50% methanol for 2.5 h, respectively. In addition, the biodiesel yield of all mutants was improved when methanol was added once and reacted for 24 h with colza oil as the raw material. N260 and N218 increased the biodiesel yield from 9.49% to 88.75% and 90.46%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that optimising N-glycosylation modification in the α-helix structure is an effective strategy for improving the performance of ProRML. This study provides an effective approach to improve the design of the enzyme and the properties of lipase mutants, thereby rendering them suitable for industrial biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingmei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengmei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junying Fu
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlin Miao
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
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42
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Zhang M, Yi Y, Gao BH, Su HF, Bao YO, Shi XM, Wang HD, Li FD, Ye M, Qiao X. Functional Characterization and Protein Engineering of a Triterpene 3-/6-/2'-O-Glycosyltransferase Reveal a Conserved Residue Critical for the Regiospecificity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113587. [PMID: 34894044 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Engineering the function of triterpene glucosyltransferases (GTs) is challenging due to the large size of the sugar acceptors. In this work, we identified a multifunctional glycosyltransferase AmGT8 catalyzing triterpene 3-/6-/2'-O-glycosylation from the medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus. To engineer its regiospecificity, a small mutant library was built based on semi-rational design. Variants A394F, A394D, and T131V were found to catalyze specific 6-O, 3-O, and 2'-O glycosylation, respectively. The origin of regioselectivity of AmGT8 and its A394F variant was studied by molecular dynamics and hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. Residue 394 is highly conserved as A/G and is critical for the regiospecificity of the C- and O-GTs TcCGT1 and GuGT10/14. Finally, astragalosides III and IV were synthesized by mutants A394F, T131V and P192E. This work reports biocatalysts for saponin synthesis and gives new insights into protein engineering of regioselectivity in plant GTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bai-Han Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui-Fei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yang-Oujie Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hai-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fu-Dong Li
- National Science Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
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43
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Wen Z, Zhang ZM, Zhong L, Fan J, Li M, Ma Y, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Guo B, Chen B, Wang JB. Directed Evolution of a Plant Glycosyltransferase for Chemo- and Regioselective Glycosylation of Pharmaceutically Significant Flavonoids. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zexing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- Guangdong Youmei Institute of Intelligent Bio-manufacturing, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhong
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Bin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
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44
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Shen B, Ding R, Dai J, Ji Y, Wang Q, Wang Y, Huang H, Zhang X. Encapsulating nitroreductase into metal-organic framework: Boosting industrial performance for the reduction of nitro-aromatics. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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45
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Qu G, Bi Y, Liu B, Li J, Han X, Liu W, Jiang Y, Qin Z, Sun Z. Unlocking the Stereoselectivity and Substrate Acceptance of Enzymes: Proline-Induced Loop Engineering Test. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202110793. [PMID: 34658118 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein stability and evolvability influence each other. Although protein dynamics play essential roles in various catalytically important properties, their high flexibility and diversity makes it difficult to incorporate such properties into rational engineering. Therefore, how to unlock the potential evolvability in a user-friendly rational design process remains a challenge. In this endeavor, we describe a method for engineering an enantioselective alcohol dehydrogenase. It enables synthetically important substrate acceptance for 4-chlorophenyl pyridine-2-yl ketone, and perfect stereocontrol of both (S)- and (R)-configured products. Thermodynamic analysis unveiled the subtle interaction between enzyme stability and evolvability, while computational studies provided insights into the origin of selectivity and substrate recognition. Preparative-scale synthesis of the (S)-product (73 % yield; >99 % ee) was performed on a gram-scale. This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that interfaced proline residues can be rationally engineered to unlock evolvability and thus provide access to new biocatalysts with highly improved catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Yuexin Bi
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Junkuan Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xu Han
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zongmin Qin
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
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46
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Hu H, Wang Q, Wang D, Ao Y. Modification of the Enantioselectivity of Biocatalytic
meso
‐Desymmetrization for Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of
cis
‐1,2‐Disubstituted Cyclohexane by Amidase Engineering. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui‐Juan Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian Beijing 102205 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi‐Qiang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - De‐Xian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Fei Ao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
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47
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Kurze E, Wüst M, Liao J, McGraphery K, Hoffmann T, Song C, Schwab W. Structure-function relationship of terpenoid glycosyltransferases from plants. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:389-409. [PMID: 34486004 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2021Terpenoids are physiologically active substances that are of great importance to humans. Their physicochemical properties are modified by glycosylation, in terms of polarity, volatility, solubility and reactivity, and their bioactivities are altered accordingly. Significant scientific progress has been made in the functional study of glycosylated terpenes and numerous plant enzymes involved in regio- and enantioselective glycosylation have been characterized, a reaction that remains chemically challenging. Crucial clues to the mechanism of terpenoid glycosylation were recently provided by the first crystal structures of a diterpene glycosyltransferase UGT76G1. Here, we review biochemically characterized terpenoid glycosyltransferases, compare their functions and primary structures, discuss their acceptor and donor substrate tolerance and product specificity, and elaborate features of the 3D structures of the first terpenoid glycosyltransferases from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kurze
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Matthias Wüst
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19C, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jieren Liao
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Kate McGraphery
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany. .,State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China.
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Chen T, Chen Z, Wang N, Chu J, Fan B, Cheng C, Qin S, He B. Highly Regioselective and Efficient Biosynthesis of Polydatin by an Engineered UGT BL1- AtSuSy Cascade Reaction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8695-8702. [PMID: 34319737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polydatin, resveratrol-3-O-β-glucoside, possesses various biological activities. However, the regioselective glucosylation of resveratrol by UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) constitutes a persistent problem. In this study, semi-rational design and iterative combinatorial mutagenesis were carried out to screen the mutants of UGTBL1 and the high specificity with the glycosylation of the 3-OH group of resveratrol was explored. The triple mutant I62G/M112D/K143G exhibited near-perfect control of polydatin synthesis (regioselectivity ∼ 99%), and the ratio of polydatin to resveratrol-4'-O-β-glucoside was finally enhanced by 786-fold. Molecular docking revealed that the mutant could form three H-bonds between 3-, 5-, and 4'-OH groups of resveratrol and the residues around the active center, resulting in the oriented-binding of resveratrol. Furthermore, UGTBL1 mutant coupling sucrose synthase AtSuSy can synthesize polydatin at an unprecedented high titer of 10.33 g/L, together with efficient UDPG regeneration (RCmax = 54). This study provides an efficient approach for the regioselective biosynthesis of polydatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Jianlin Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Bo Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, 21 Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Song Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Bingfang He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing 211800, China
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Li D, Chen X, Chen Z, Lin X, Xu J, Wu Q. Directed evolution of lipase A from Bacillus subtilis for the preparation of enantiocomplementary sec-alcohols. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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50
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Hu HJ, Wang QQ, Wang DX, Ao YF. Enantioselective biocatalytic desymmetrization for synthesis of enantiopure cis-3,4-disubstituted pyrrolidines. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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