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He C, Li G, Zou S, Zheng P, Song Q, Li G, Yu Q, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Shen Z, Gong J. Spatial and diel variations of bacterioplankton and pico-nanoeukaryote communities and potential biotic interactions during macroalgal blooms. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116409. [PMID: 38663343 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
We investigated spatial heterogeneity and diel variations in bacterioplankton and pico-nanoeukaryote communities, and potential biotic interactions at the extinction stage of the Ulva prolifera bloom in the Jiaozhou Bay, Yellow Sea. It was found that the presence of Ulva canopies significantly promoted the cell abundance of heterotrophic bacteria, raised evenness, and altered the community structure of bacterioplankton. A diel pattern was solely significant for pico-nanoeukaryote community structure. >50 % of variation in the heterotrophic bacterial abundance was accounted for by the ratio of Bacteroidota to Firmicutes, and dissolved organic nitrogen effectively explained the variations in cell abundances of phytoplankton populations. The factors representing biotic interactions frequently contributed substantially more than environmental factors in explaining the variations in diversity and community structure of both bacterioplankton and pico-nanoeukaryotes. There were higher proportions of eukaryotic pathogens compared to other marine systems, suggesting a higher ecological risk associated with the Ulva blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui He
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihao Li
- Zhuhai Doumen Agricultural Technology Extension, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Songbao Zou
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengfei Zheng
- Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536007, China
| | - Qinqin Song
- Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536007, China
| | - Guanzhe Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Yu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Yunjun Yu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Zhuo Shen
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Jun Gong
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, China.
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Ennackal DJ, Odaneth AA. Functionalization of seaweed bloom-derived Ulvan using response surface methodology with application in flocculation of oil-in-water pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123429. [PMID: 38278406 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing macroalgal waste biomass for pollution management is a highly efficient method for addressing the environmental difficulties associated with its disposal. To accomplish this, we have attempted to synthesize a graft copolymer by combining ulvan, a sulfated polysaccharide isolated from seaweed, with acrylates. A one-pot synthesis method using UV-initiated graft polymerization with V-50 as the photoinitiator resulted in the production of a distinctive, high-performance, and eco-friendly flocculant, Ulvan-g-Poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) referred as P(U_AAm_AAc). The synthesis was optimized using the CCD-RSM approach, employing molecular weight and inherent viscosity as indicators to optimize the parameters. The structural and physio-chemical properties of the synthesized P(U_AAm_AAc) were characterized utilizing XRD, ATR-FTIR, ζ-potential, and H1 NMR spectroscopy. The flocculation performance of P(U_AAm_AAc) was further examined for the removal of oils from samples with high neem oil in urea solution and low crude oil in seawater. By employing a coagulant-flocculant combination of poly-aluminium chloride (PAC) and P(U_AAm_AAc), it was noted that more than 94% of oil was effectively eliminated in both samples. Optimization of the dosage of P(U_AAm_AAc) resulted in enhanced turbidity reduction and improved dewatering efficiency of the filter cake generated following flocculation. An evaluation of performance was conducted using the commercial flocculant APAM, where synthesized P(U_AAm_AAc) demonstrated similar results. In conclusion, the findings of this research highlight the potential of P(U_AAm_AAc) as a sustainable alternative to commercial flocculants with multifaceted solution to coastal waste management, paving the way for a cleaner and healthier marine ecosystem to mitigate oil emulsion pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Jacob Ennackal
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India.
| | - Annamma Anil Odaneth
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India.
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Huan L, Shi M, Wang X, Gu W, Zhang B, Liu X, Zhuo J, Wang G. Morphological characteristics and genetic diversity of floating and attached Ulva prolifera--A case study in the Yellow Sea, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115468. [PMID: 37666140 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Green tides in the Yellow Sea have occurred periodically since 2007, impacting the ecological environment and green algal communities along the coasts of Jiangsu and Shandong provinces in China. To investigate the morphological characteristics and genetic diversity of Ulva prolifera, we conducted surveys and comparative analyses of both its floating and attached forms along the coastal areas of Jiangsu and Shandong. The results revealed that the external morphology of the floating U. prolifera was multibranched. The attached U. prolifera displayed significant morphological variation among individuals. Based on the analysis of the amplified characteristic bands of the chloroplast gene, it was shown that both floating and attached U. prolifera could hybridize with Ulva linza. The genetic diversity of U. prolifera was studied using mitochondrial and chloroplast genome fragments. All floating U. prolifera and three strains of attached U. prolifera belonged to the same haplotype. The genetic diversity of floating U. prolifera was low, and there were some genetic differences with attached U. prolifera. The attached U. prolifera displayed a higher level of genetic diversity with abundant sites of variation and haplotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huan
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengmeng Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xulei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenhui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Baoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuehua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jintao Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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Guan B, Ning S, Ding X, Kang D, Song J, Yuan H. Comprehensive study of algal blooms variation in Jiaozhou Bay based on google earth engine and deep learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13930. [PMID: 37626224 PMCID: PMC10457358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41138-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Jiaozhou Bay ecosystem, a crucial marine ecosystem in China, has been plagued by frequent harmful algal blooms as due to deteriorating water quality and eutrophication. This study analyzed the temporal and spatial changes of harmful algal blooms in Jiaozhou Bay from 2000 to 2022 using the Floating Algae Index (FAI) calculated from MODIS (2000-2022) and Sentinel-2 (2015-2022) satellite image datasets. The calculation results of the image datasets were compared. The frequency of planktonic algal outbreaks was low and constant until 2017, but has increased annually since then. Algae blooms are most common in the summer and primarily concentrated along the bay's coast, middle, and mouth, with obvious seasonal and spatial distribution characteristics. Several factors influencing algal outbreaks were identified, including sea surface temperature, wind speed, air pressure, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus ratios, chemical oxygen demand, and petroleum pollutants. Algal bloom outbreaks in Jiaozhou Bay are expected to remain high in 2023. The findings provide crucial information for water quality management and future algal outbreak prediction and prevention in Jiaozhou Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guan
- School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Shaowei Ning
- College of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xu Ding
- College of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Dawei Kang
- College of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jiale Song
- College of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Hongwei Yuan
- Anhui & Huaihe River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Key Laboratory of Water Conservancy and Water Resources of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230088, China
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Luo H, Yang Y, Xie S. The ecological effect of large-scale coastal natural and cultivated seaweed litter decay processes: An overview and perspective. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 341:118091. [PMID: 37150170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds are important components of marine ecosystems and can form a large biomass in a few months. The decomposition of seaweed litter provides energy and material for primary producers and consumers and is an important link between material circulation and energy flow in the ecosystem. However, during the growth process, part of the seaweed is deposited on the sediment surface in the form of litter. Under the joint action of the environment and organisms, elements enriched in seaweed can be released back into the environment in a short time, causing pollution problems. The cultivation yield of seaweed worldwide reached 34.7 million tons in 2019, but the litter produced during the growth and harvest process has become a vital bottleneck that restricts the further improvement of production and sustainable development of the seaweed cultivation industry. Seaweed outbreaks worldwide occur frequently, producing a mass of litter and resulting in environmental pollution on coasts and economic losses, which have negative effects on coastal ecosystems. The objective of this review is to discuss the decomposition process and ecological environmental effects of seaweed litter from the aspects of the research progress on seaweed litter; the impact of seaweed litter on the environment; and its interaction with organisms. Understanding the decomposition process and environmental impact of seaweed litter can provide theoretical support for coastal environmental protection, seaweed resource conservation and sustainable development of the seaweed cultivation industry worldwide. This review suggests that in the process of large-scale seaweed cultivation and seaweed outbreaks, ageing or falling litter should be cleared in a timely manner, mature seaweed should be harvested in stages, and dried seaweed produced after harvest and washed up on shore should be handled properly to ensure the benefits of environmental protection provided by seaweed growth and sustainable seaweed resource development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Jinan University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Jinan University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Songguang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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6
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Cao J, Liu J, Zhao S, Tong Y, Li S, Xia Z, Hu M, Sun Y, Zhang J, He P. Advances in the research on micropropagules and their role in green tide outbreaks in the Southern Yellow Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 188:114710. [PMID: 36860024 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The green tide event that occurred in the Southern Yellow Sea in 2007 lasted for 16 years, causing serious economic losses and ecological damage to coastal cities. To address this problem, a series of studies were conducted. However, the contribution of micropropagules to green tide outbreaks remains poorly understood, and the relationship between micropropagules and green algae that are settled nearshore or floating at sea also needs to be further explored. The present study focuses on the identification of these micropropagules in the Southern Yellow Sea and uses the Citespace tool to quantitatively analyze current research hotspots, frontier trends, and development trends. In addition, it examines the micropropagules' life cycle and how it directly affects the green algal biomass and clarifies the temporal and spatial distribution of micropropagules in the entire Southern Yellow Sea. The study also discusses unresolved scientific problems and limitations in the current research on algal micropropagules and provides an outlook on future research directions. We expect to further analyze the contribution of micropropagules to green tide outbreaks and provide data to support comprehensive green tide management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Cao
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yichao Tong
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhangyi Xia
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Meijuan Hu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jianheng Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Peimin He
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
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Wang Z, Fang Z, Liang J, Song X. Assessment of global habitat suitability and risk of ocean green tides. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 119:102324. [PMID: 36344196 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Green tides, which are widespread problems, are harmful issues that affect the protection of ocean ecosystems and natural resources. Scientific assessment and prevention of the green tides are essential for sustainable planning and the utilization of maritime traffic, tourism, and industry. However, the suitable or risk habitats and their dominant factors of green tides from global perspective are unknown. Here, this study proposed a novel framework to show the habitat suitability and risk of ocean green tides by considering marine environmental factors (i.e., sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, solar irradiance, chlorophyll-a concentration, and sea surface wind). Through global remote sensing images and marine environmental factor data, this study found that (1) suitable and at-risk green tides areas are located in the north and south temperate zones; (2) marine physical factors are expected to weaken the green tide risk globally and enhance the green tide risk in coastal areas; (3) the green tides in the North Atlantic Ocean and the West Pacific Ocean are dominated by environmental factors and physical factors, respectively; and (4) when reducing carbon to promote sustainability, more potentially suitable green tide areas may appear at high latitudes. The results demonstrate the at-risk location and future trend of green tides, which are helpful for sustainable planning of ocean ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jianfeng Liang
- Institution: National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Song
- Institution: National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin, China
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Jianliang X, Nana L, Xinfeng X, Yu B, Yu G, Kunhua W, Xiangming H, Dongle C, Qing J. Durable hydrophobic Enteromorpha design for controlling oil spills in marine environment prepared by organosilane modification for efficient oil-water separation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126824. [PMID: 34396973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic and oleophilic materials are attractive candidates for efficient oil collection due to their excellent oil-water separation. However, the most of currently reported oil adsorption materials are limited resources or require complicated preparation steps, which causes high energy consumption and not be practical for large-scale application. Herein, we report a facile strategy to modify the wettability of Enteromorpha from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, which not only greatly reduces energy consumption but also shows the outstanding capacity for oil-water separation with the maximum adsorption capacities is 11.4 g/g and the contact angle reaches 137°. The successful modification of the Enteromorpha is achieved by grafting n-octyltriethoxysilane on the surface of the pristine Enteromorpha. The hydrophobic and superoleophilic Enteromorpha guarantee adequate voids in the fibrous bundles only for oil adsorption and the oil floating on the seawater is removed by the formation of hydrogen bonding between oil and modified Enteromorpha. By optimizing test, the optimal adsorption conditions are adsorption time of 60 min, oil-water ratio of 1:10 and pH of 7. Our reported hydrophobic organosilane modified Enteromorpha will open a new avenue to control marine oil pollution and suppress the damage of Enteromorpha to the marine ecology system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jianliang
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China.
| | - Li Nana
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China
| | - Xiao Xinfeng
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China
| | - Bai Yu
- Chinaunicom System Integration Co., Ltd, No.131, Xidan North Road, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Gao Yu
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China
| | - Wang Kunhua
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China.
| | - Hu Xiangming
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China
| | - Cheng Dongle
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Jiang Qing
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China
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9
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Liu J, Tong Y, Xia J, Sun Y, Zhao X, Sun J, Zhao S, Zhuang M, Zhang J, He P. Ulva macroalgae within local aquaculture ponds along the estuary of Dagu River, Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 174:113243. [PMID: 34920239 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Green macroalgal blooms caused by Ulva species have influenced the Shandong Province for 15 consecutive years since 2007, leading to serious damage to the marine environment. Great biomasses of attached Ulva prolifera on Neopyropia aquaculture rafts in the Yellow Sea were considered as sources of blooms. However, it is still unclear whether U. prolifera could survive and settle in the Qingdao coastal environment, Shandong, thus leading to local Ulva blooms in the future. In this research, sampling of Ulva macroalgae in seven Portunus trituberculatus aquaculture ponds along the coast of Qingdao was conducted on August 21, 2019. In total, 24 samples collected from the ponds were analyzed through methods of molecular biological identification (ITS, 5S, and rps2-trnL sequences) and genetic analysis. All the aquaculture ponds contained large amounts of floating Ulva macroalgae, which consisted of three species: U. prolifera, Ulva meridionalis, and Ulva pertusa. Among these species, U. meridionalis, which is usually found in southern Japan, also causes the green tide. In addition, all Ulva macroalgae floated on the surfaces of aquaculture ponds, and were discarded into the local coastal area by aquaculturist. This research raised our awareness of the importance of controlling the spread of the green tide related macroalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Liu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266033, China; East China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai 201206, China.
| | - Yichao Tong
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Jingyi Sun
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Minmin Zhuang
- State Key Lab of Estuarine & Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jianheng Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Peimin He
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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10
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Mercado JM, Gómez-Jakobsen F, Korbee N, Aviles A, Bonomi-Barufi J, Muñoz M, Reul A, Figueroa FL. Analyzing environmental factors that favor the growth of the invasive brown macroalga Rugulopteryx okamurae (Ochrophyta): The probable role of the nutrient excess. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 174:113315. [PMID: 35090297 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Time series of temperature, salinity and nutrients in the Strait of Gibraltar (SoG) were researched to analyze which factors explain the invasive success of Rugulopteryx okamurare, which has colonized wide coastal areas at the Spanish and Moroccan coasts since 2016. Temperature and salinity were higher in the SoG compared to its native habitat, implying that the alga is active during the whole seasonal cycle and grows optimally at the high salinities occurring in the SoG. Nitrate removal experiments indicate that the alga is able to linearly increase its N uptake rates following boost in nitrate concentration. Furthermore, R. okamurae N content ranged from 1.4% to 4.5% suggesting that this species has high N storage capacity potentially usable when the external N concentration decreases. These physiological characteristics would explain sharp growth of the alga in the SoG where high N concentrations are registered occasionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M Mercado
- Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Instituto Español de Oceanografía-CSIC, Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640, Fuengirola, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Francisco Gómez-Jakobsen
- Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Instituto Español de Oceanografía-CSIC, Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640, Fuengirola, Málaga, Spain
| | - Nathalie Korbee
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Departamento de Ecología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Aviles
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Departamento de Ecología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Bonomi-Barufi
- Phycology Laboratory, Botany Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88049-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - María Muñoz
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Instituto Español de Oceanografía-CSIC, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Andreas Reul
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Departamento de Ecología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Félix L Figueroa
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Departamento de Ecología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
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11
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Xiao J, Wang Z, Liu D, Fu M, Yuan C, Yan T. Harmful macroalgal blooms (HMBs) in China's coastal water: Green and golden tides. HARMFUL ALGAE 2021; 107:102061. [PMID: 34456020 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Harmful macroalgal blooms (HMBs) have been increasing along China's coasts, causing significant social impacts and economic losses. Besides extensive eutrophication sustaining coastal seaweed tides, the stimuli and dynamics of macroalgal blooms in China are quite complex and require comprehensive studies. This review summarizes the distinct genesis, development and drifting patterns of three HMBs that have persistently occurred in China's coastal waters during recent years: transregional green tides of drifting Ulva prolifera in the Yellow Sea (YS), local green tides of multiple suspended seaweeds in the Bohai Sea and large-scale golden tides of pelagic Sargassum horneri in the YS and East China Sea. While specific containment measures have been developed and implemented to effectively suppress large-scale green tides in the YS, the origin and blooming mechanism of golden tides remain unclear due to lack of field research. With the broad occurrence of HMBs and their increased accumulation on beaches and coastal waters, it is necessary to investigate the blooming mechanism and ecological impacts of these HMBs, especially with the growing stresses of climate change and anthropogenic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Zongling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Dongyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Mingzhu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Tian Yan
- Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Centre for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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12
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Zhao S, Xu B, Yao Q, Burnett WC, Charette MA, Su R, Lian E, Yu Z. Nutrient-rich submarine groundwater discharge fuels the largest green tide in the world. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:144845. [PMID: 33736390 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the largest "green tide" (Ulva prolifera) outbreaks in the world has occurred every year from 2007 to present in the Southern Yellow Sea, China. Currently, the coastal area around Jiangsu Province (Subei Shoal region) is thought to be the origination point of these giant green tide blooms. The combination of high nutrient demand but low river discharge and other inputs suggests that there is a significant flux of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in this area. By using a radium mass balance model, we estimated the SGD flux in the area to be (0.7-1.4) × 109 m3 d-1 (6.1-12 cm d-1), at the high end of SGD fluxes worldwide. Geographically, Subei Shoal is less than 5% of the entire Southern Yellow Sea area, while our calculated SGD flux just for the shoal area is ~3 times larger than previously documented for the whole Southern Yellow Sea. Therefore, Subei Shoal may be considered a SGD hotspot that plays an important role in SGD associated material fluxes. Compared to inputs from local rivers, atmospheric deposition, and anthropogenic activities, SGD-derived nutrients are the main source term that can support the growth of macroalgae. We specifically highlight that this type of areas that are shallow, intensively mixed, anthropogenically polluted, sandy or muddy with heavy bio-irrigation, may have a higher risk of suffering harmful ecological problems, even with limited terrestrial runoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Bochao Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Marine Isotope and Geochronology Facility, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Qinzhen Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - W C Burnett
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - M A Charette
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Barnstable, MA, USA
| | - Rongguo Su
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ergang Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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13
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Drift path of green tide and the impact of typhoon “Chan-hom” in the Chinese Yellow Sea based on GOCI images in 2015. ECOL INFORM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2020.101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Li D, Gao Z, Zheng X, Wang N. Analysis of the interannual variation characteristics of the northernmost drift position of the green tide in the Yellow Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:35137-35147. [PMID: 32583112 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The green tide in the Yellow Sea is the world's largest macroalgal bloom. The maximum area affected by green tide can reach tens of thousands of square kilometers. Previous studies have shown that green tide drifts northward during the outbreak, yet the location of its northernmost drift and the characteristics of interannual variations have not been explored in detail. In this paper, we use the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) data, GaoFen-1 (GF-1) satellite data, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial data, and field trips for extraction and monitoring of green tide and then analyze the emergence, development, and dissipation of the green tide in Rongcheng coastal waters and the change of the northernmost drift position and its related factors from the year of 2013 to 2018. The results show that green tide have drifted to the Rongcheng coastal area over the years and the northernmost drift position can reach 37.662° N in 2014. Interannual difference of the northernmost position of the drift of the green tide is obvious, it is mainly affected by the wind, and there is no certain connection with the maximum coverage area, the coverage area when reaching the northernmost position, and the existence days of the green tide. These results can help to understand the drift range and dissipation process of green tide in the Yellow Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Xiangyang Zheng
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Nanyu Wang
- Yantai Meteorological Bureau, Yantai, 264003, China
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Zhang H, Wang G, Zhang C, Su R, Shi X, Wang X. Characterization of the development stages and roles of nutrients and other environmental factors in green tides in the Southern Yellow Sea, China. HARMFUL ALGAE 2020; 98:101893. [PMID: 33129451 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale floating green tides in the Southern Yellow Sea (SYS) caused by the macroalgal species Ulva prolifera have been recurring for 13 years and have become one of the greatest marine ecological disasters in the world. In this study, we attempt to explore the development pattern of green tides and find its key environmental influencing factors. The satellite remote sensing data of the development process of green tides fit the logistic growth curve (R2 = 0.93, P < 0.01) well, showing three distinct growth phases (lag, exponential growth, and short plateau phases). Correspondingly, the green tide-drifting area from the coast of Jiangsu to the nearshore waters of the Shandong Peninsula was divided into three sections: the lag phase zone (A), the exponential growth phase zone (B), and the plateau phase zone (C). Zone A in the south of Jiangsu coastal waters had abundant inorganic nutrients that were indispensable to the green tide initiation. Zone B was mainly located out of Haizhou Bay, south of 34.5° N and north of 35.5° N, where approximately 80% of the green tide biomass was generated. The rich bioavailable nutrient sources, suitable temperature, and irradiance in this area were the main promotion factors for the rapid growth and scale expansion of green tides. Wet precipitation in zone B in May and June also played an important role in the final scale of green tides. Zone C had poor nutrients, increasing temperature, and irradiance (high transparency), which limited the continued expansion of green tides, and organic nutrients might be an important support to green tides development in this region. The study based on the growth phases of green tides could help us further understand the eutrophication mechanism in the green tide outbreaks in SYS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Guoshan Wang
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, Beijing, 100194, China
| | - Chuansong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Rongguo Su
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Shi
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, Beijing, 100194, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Xiulin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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16
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Zhang H, Su R, Shi X, Zhang C, Yin H, Zhou Y, Wang G. Role of nutrients in the development of floating green tides in the Southern Yellow Sea, China, in 2017. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 156:111197. [PMID: 32510359 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The largest-scale green tides in the world caused by Ulva prolifera have been recurring annually in the Southern Yellow Sea since 2007. In this study, spatio-temporal variations of green tides and nutrients were investigated in the spring and summer of 2017, and the roles of different nutrients in the development of green tides are discussed. The results showed that the development of green tides could be divided into two parts according to the distinct growth phases of green tides: (1) the development area (DA), which was located south of 35°N and characterised by the quick expansion of green tide and high-content nutrient; (2) the accumulation area (AA), which was located north of 35°N and characterised by high U. prolifera coverage area and low-content inorganic nutrients. Through calculation of nutrient reductions, we found that DA provided 96% of nitrogen and 87% of phosphorus for the development of green tides in 2017, and the dominant nutrient species were dissolved inorganic nitrogen and dissolved organic phosphorus. Regarding AA, the dominant nitrogen component was dissolved organic nitrogen. Thus, we conclude that reducing the level of nutrient input in order to alleviate the eutrophication of seawater in the Jiangsu coastal area may be an important measure for reducing the scale of green tides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Rongguo Su
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaoyong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Chuansong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Hang Yin
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, NY 11790, USA
| | - Yanlei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Guoshan Wang
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, Beijing 100194, China
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