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Ajani P, Dove M, Farrell H, O'Connor W, Tesoriero M, Verma A, Zammit A, Hughes B, Murray SA. High-resolution temperature, salinity and depth data from southeastern Australian estuaries, 2018-2021. Sci Data 2024; 11:968. [PMID: 39237569 PMCID: PMC11377829 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Estuaries are the important interface between the land and sea, providing significant environmental, economic, cultural and social values. However, they face unprecedented pressures including eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, habitat loss, and extreme weather due to climate change. Here we present an open access, quality-controlled water quality dataset collected from twelve diverse estuaries spanning 1000 km along the southeastern Australian coastline. Water depth, temperature and salinity data were collected across two years (2018-2021) capturing drought, wildfire and flood periods, using high accuracy Seabird MicroCAT field sensors located within oyster leases. These fully autonomous instruments collected and transmitted data every 10 minutes before downstream quality checking and uploading onto a public website. Simultaneous, high-resolution, longitudinal environmental data collected across multiple estuaries throughout a range of extreme weather events are exceptionally rare in the Southern Hemisphere, yet provide an invaluable resource for the aquaculture industry, researchers and environmental regulators alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope Ajani
- University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Michael Dove
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW, 2316, Australia
| | - Hazel Farrell
- NSW Food Authority, NSW Department of Primary Industries, PO Box 232, Taree, 2430, Australia
| | - Wayne O'Connor
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW, 2316, Australia
| | - Matthew Tesoriero
- University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Arjun Verma
- University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Anthony Zammit
- NSW Food Authority, NSW Department of Primary Industries, PO Box 232, Taree, 2430, Australia
| | - Brian Hughes
- Hunter Local Land Services, 26 Muldoon Street, Taree, NSW, 2430, Australia
| | - Shauna A Murray
- University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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2
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Ravera G, Cangini M, Capellacci S, Dall'Ara S, Prioli G, Marini M, Manini E, Penna A, Casabianca S. Molecular monitoring of Dinophysis species assemblage in mussel farms in the Northwestern Adriatic Sea. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 138:102686. [PMID: 39244229 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Several Dinophysis species can produce potent lipophilic toxins that pose a risk to human health when contaminated seafood is consumed, especially filter-feeding bivalve mussels. In the mussel farms of the Northwestern Adriatic Sea, seawater and seafood are regularly monitored for the presence of Dinophysis species and their associated toxins, but the current methodological approaches, such as light microscopy determinations, require a long time to make results available to local authorities. A molecular qPCR-based assay can be used to quantify various toxic Dinophysis species in a shorter timeframe. However, this approach is not currently employed in official testing activities. In this study, field samples were collected monthly or bi-weekly over one year from various mussel farms along the Northwestern Adriatic coast. The abundance of Dinophysis species in the seawater was determined using both traditional microscopy and qPCR assays. In addition, the concentration of lipophilic toxins for DSP in mussel flesh was quantified using LC-MS/MS focusing on the okadaic acid group. Dinophysis spp. site-specific single cells were isolated and analysed by qPCR yielding a mean rDNA copy number per cell of 1.21 × 104 ± 1.81 × 103. The qPCR assay gave an efficiency of 98 % and detected up to 10 copies of the rDNA target gene. The qPCR and light microscopy determinations in environmental samples showed a significant positive correlation (Spearman rs = 0.57, p-value < 0.001) with a ratio of 2.24 between the two quantification methods, indicating that light microscopy estimates were generally 44.6 % lower than those obtained by the qPCR assay. The qPCR approach showed several advantages such as rapidity, sensitivity and efficiency over conventional microscopy analysis, showing its potential future role in phytoplankton monitoring under the Official Controls Regulations for shellfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Ravera
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino, Campus Enrico Mattei, Via Ca le Suore, 2/4, 61029, Urbino, Italy; CoNISMa, National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio, 6, 00184, Roma, Italy
| | - Monica Cangini
- Fondazione Centro Ricerche Marine, National Reference Laboratory for Marine Biotoxins, Viale A. Vespucci, 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy
| | - Samuela Capellacci
- CoNISMa, National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio, 6, 00184, Roma, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Campus Enrico Mattei, Via Ca le Suore, 2/4 61029, Urbino, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies (FMC), Viale Adriatico, 1, 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Sonia Dall'Ara
- Fondazione Centro Ricerche Marine, National Reference Laboratory for Marine Biotoxins, Viale A. Vespucci, 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Prioli
- M.A.R.E. S.c. a r.l., Via E. Toti, 2, 47841 Cattolica, Italy
| | - Mauro Marini
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies (FMC), Viale Adriatico, 1, 61032 Fano, Italy; National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), Via Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Manini
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), Via Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Penna
- CoNISMa, National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio, 6, 00184, Roma, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Campus Enrico Mattei, Via Ca le Suore, 2/4 61029, Urbino, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies (FMC), Viale Adriatico, 1, 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Silvia Casabianca
- CoNISMa, National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio, 6, 00184, Roma, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Campus Enrico Mattei, Via Ca le Suore, 2/4 61029, Urbino, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies (FMC), Viale Adriatico, 1, 61032 Fano, Italy.
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Ruvindy R, Ajani PA, Ashlin S, Hallegraeff G, Klemm K, Bolch CJ, Ugalde S, Van Asten M, Woodcock S, Tesoriero M, Murray SA. An On-Farm Workflow for Predictive Management of Paralytic Shellfish Toxin-Producing Harmful Algal Blooms for the Aquaculture Industry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6924-6933. [PMID: 38608723 PMCID: PMC11044886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by marine dinoflagellates significantly impact shellfish industries worldwide. Early detection on-farm and with minimal training would allow additional time for management decisions to minimize economic losses. Here, we describe and test a standardized workflow based on the detection of sxtA4, an initial gene in the biosynthesis of PSTs. The workflow is simple and inexpensive and does not require a specialized laboratory. It consists of (1) water collection and filtration using a custom gravity sampler, (2) buffer selection for sample preservation and cell lysis for DNA, and (3) an assay based on a region of sxtA, DinoDtec lyophilized quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. Water samples spiked with Alexandrium catenella showed a cell recovery of >90% when compared to light microscopy counts. The performance of the lysis method (90.3% efficient), Longmire's buffer, and the DinoDtec qPCR assay (tested across a range of Alexandrium species (90.7-106.9% efficiency; r2 > 0.99)) was found to be specific, sensitive, and efficient. We tested the application of this workflow weekly from May 2016 to 30th October 2017 to compare the relationship between sxtA4 copies L-1 in seawater and PSTs in mussel tissue (Mytilus galloprovincialis) on-farm and spatially (across multiple sites), effectively demonstrating an ∼2 week early warning of two A. catenella HABs (r = 0.95). Our tool provides an early, accurate, and efficient method for the identification of PST risk in shellfish aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendy Ruvindy
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Technology
Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Penelope A. Ajani
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Technology
Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | | | - Gustaaf Hallegraeff
- Institute
for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University
of Tasmania, Hobart 7004, Australia
| | - Kerstin Klemm
- Alfred
Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Christopher J. Bolch
- Institute
for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University
of Tasmania, Hobart 7004, Australia
| | - Sarah Ugalde
- Institute
for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University
of Tasmania, Hobart 7004, Australia
- Centre
for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7004, Australia
| | - Mark Van Asten
- Diagnostic
Technology, Belrose 2085, Australia
- School
of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Stephen Woodcock
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Technology
Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Matthew Tesoriero
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Technology
Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Shauna A. Murray
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Technology
Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
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Watanabe T, Hirai J, Sildever S, Tadokoro K, Hidaka K, Tanita I, Nishiuchi K, Iguchi N, Kasai H, Nishi N, Katakura S, Taniuchi Y, Kodama T, Tashiro S, Nakae M, Okazaki Y, Kitajima S, Sogawa S, Hasegawa T, Azumaya T, Hiroe Y, Ambe D, Setou T, Ito D, Kusaka A, Okunishi T, Tanaka T, Kuwata A, Hasegawa D, Kakehi S, Shimizu Y, Nagai S. Improving taxonomic classification of marine zooplankton by molecular approach: registration of taxonomically verified 18S and 28S rRNA gene sequences. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15427. [PMID: 37334134 PMCID: PMC10276563 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Zooplankton plays an important role in the marine ecosystem. A high level of taxonomic expertise is necessary for accurate species identification based on morphological characteristics. As an alternative method to morphological classification, we focused on a molecular approach using 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences. This study investigates how the accuracy of species identification by metabarcoding improves when taxonomically verified sequences of dominant zooplankton species are added to the public database. The improvement was tested by using natural zooplankton samples. Methods rRNA gene sequences were obtained from dominant zooplankton species from six sea areas around Japan and registered in the public database for improving the accuracy of taxonomic classifications. Two reference databases with and without newly registered sequences were created. Comparison of detected OTUs associated with single species between the two references was done using field-collected zooplankton samples from the Sea of Okhotsk for metabarcoding analysis to verify whether or not the newly registered sequences improved the accuracy of taxonomic classifications. Results A total of 166 sequences in 96 species based on the 18S marker and 165 sequences in 95 species based on the 28S marker belonging to Arthropoda (mostly Copepoda) and Chaetognatha were registered in the public database. The newly registered sequences were mainly composed of small non-calanoid copepods, such as species belonging to Oithona and Oncaea. Based on the metabarcoding analysis of field samples, a total of 18 out of 92 OTUs were identified at the species level based on newly registered sequences in the data obtained by the 18S marker. Based on the 28S marker, 42 out of 89 OTUs were classified at the species level based on taxonomically verified sequences. Thanks to the newly registered sequences, the number of OTUs associated with a single species based on the 18S marker increased by 16% in total and by 10% per sample. Based on the 28S marker, the number of OTUs associated with a single species increased by 39% in total and by 15% per sample. The improved accuracy of species identification was confirmed by comparing different sequences obtained from the same species. The newly registered sequences had higher similarity values (mean >0.003) than the pre-existing sequences based on both rRNA genes. These OTUs were identified at the species level based on sequences not only present in the Sea of Okhotsk but also in other areas. Discussion The results of the registration of new taxonomically verified sequences and the subsequent comparison of databases based on metabarcoding data of natural zooplankton samples clearly showed an increase in accuracy in species identification. Continuous registration of sequence data covering various environmental conditions is necessary for further improvement of metabarcoding analysis of zooplankton for monitoring marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Kushiro Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Junya Hirai
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Sirje Sildever
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kazuaki Tadokoro
- Shiogama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hidaka
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Iwao Tanita
- Yaeyama Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Ishigaki, Japan
| | - Koh Nishiuchi
- Nagasaki Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Iguchi
- Niigata Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kasai
- Kushiro Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Kushiro, Japan
| | | | | | - Yukiko Taniuchi
- Kushiro Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Kodama
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
- Present Address: Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satokuni Tashiro
- Yaeyama Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Ishigaki, Japan
| | - Misato Nakae
- Niigata Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuji Okazaki
- Shiogama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kitajima
- Nagasaki Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Sayaka Sogawa
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Toru Hasegawa
- Nagasaki Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomonori Azumaya
- Kushiro Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hiroe
- Nagasaki Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ambe
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Takashi Setou
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Daiki Ito
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Akira Kusaka
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okunishi
- Shiogama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tanaka
- Shiogama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Akira Kuwata
- Shiogama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hasegawa
- Shiogama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Shigeho Kakehi
- Shiogama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Yugo Shimizu
- Shiogama Field Station, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagai
- Yokohama Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama, Japan
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Nagai S, Basti L, Uchida H, Kuribayashi T, Natsuike M, Sildever S, Nakayama N, Lum WM, Matsushima R. Growth, Toxin Content and Production of Dinophysis Norvegica in Cultured Strains Isolated from Funka Bay (Japan). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15050318. [PMID: 37235353 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15050318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The successful cultivation of Dinophysis norvegica Claparède & Lachmann, 1859, isolated from Japanese coastal waters, is presented in this study, which also includes an examination of its toxin content and production for the first time. Maintaining the strains at a high abundance (>2000 cells per mL-1) for more than 20 months was achieved by feeding them with the ciliate Mesodinium rubrum Lohmann, 1908, along with the addition of the cryptophyte Teleaulax amphioxeia (W.Conrad) D.R.A.Hill, 1992. Toxin production was examined using seven established strains. At the end of the one-month incubation period, the total amounts of pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) ranged between 132.0 and 375.0 ng per mL-1 (n = 7), and 0.7 and 3.6 ng per mL-1 (n = 3), respectively. Furthermore, only one strain was found to contain a trace level of okadaic acid (OA). Similarly, the cell quota of pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) ranged from 60.6 to 152.4 pg per cell-1 (n = 7) and 0.5 to 1.2 pg per cell-1 (n = 3), respectively. The results of this study indicate that toxin production in this species is subject to variation depending on the strain. According to the growth experiment, D. norvegica exhibited a long lag phase, as suggested by the slow growth observed during the first 12 days. In the growth experiment, D. norvegica grew very slowly for the first 12 days, suggesting they had a long lag phase. However, after that, they grew exponentially, with a maximum growth rate of 0.56 divisions per day (during Days 24-27), reaching a maximum concentration of 3000 cells per mL-1 at the end of the incubation (Day 36). In the toxin production study, the concentration of DTX1 and PTX2 increased following their vegetative growth, but the toxin production still increased exponentially on Day 36 (1.3 ng per mL-1 and 154.7 ng per mL-1 of DTX1 and PTX2, respectively). The concentration of OA remained below detectable levels (≤0.010 ng per mL-1) during the 36-day incubation period, with the exception of Day 6. This study presents new information on the toxin production and content of D. norvegica, as well as insights into the maintenance and culturing of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nagai
- Coastal and Inland Fisheries Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
| | - Leila Basti
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Marine Resources and Environment, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hajime Uchida
- Seafood Safety and Technology Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
| | - Takanori Kuribayashi
- Headquarters, Hokkaido Research Organization, Kita 19 Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Masafumi Natsuike
- Hakodate Fisheries Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, 20-5 Benten-cho, Hakodate 040-0051, Japan
| | - Sirje Sildever
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15A, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Natsuko Nakayama
- Environmental Conservation Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi 739-0452, Japan
| | - Wai Mun Lum
- Coastal and Inland Fisheries Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryuji Matsushima
- Seafood Safety and Technology Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
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