1
|
Müller C, Paulsen L, Bucksch J, Wallmann-Sperlich B. Built and natural environment correlates of physical activity of adults living in rural areas: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:52. [PMID: 38702772 PMCID: PMC11067138 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to social-ecological models, the built and natural environment has the potential to facilitate or hinder physical activity (PA). While this potential is well researched in urban areas, a current systematic review of how the built and natural environment is related to PA in rural areas is lacking. METHODS We searched five databases and included studies for adults (18-65 years) living in rural areas. We included quantitative studies investigating the association between any self-reported or objectively measured characteristic of the built or natural environment and any type of self-reported or objectively measured PA, and qualitative studies that reported on features of the built or natural environment perceived as barriers to or facilitators of PA by the participants. Screening for eligibility and quality assessment (using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields) were done in duplicate. We used a narrative approach to synthesize the results. RESULTS Of 2432 non-duplicate records, 51 quantitative and 19 qualitative studies were included. Convincing positive relationships were found between the availability and accessibility of places for exercise and recreation and leisure-time PA as well as between the overall environment and leisure-time PA. Possible positive associations were found between the overall environment and total and transport-related PA, between greenness/natural environment and total PA, between cycling infrastructure and aesthetics and MVPA, and between pedestrian infrastructure and total walking. A possible negative relationship was found between safety and security and total walking. Qualitative studies complemented several environmental facilitators (facilities for exercise and recreation, sidewalks or streets with low traffic, attractive natural environment) and barriers (lack of facilities and destinations, lack of sidewalks, speeding traffic and high traffic volumes, lack of street lighting). CONCLUSIONS Research investigating the relationship between the built and natural environment and PA behaviors of adults living in rural areas is still limited and there is a need for more high-quality and longitudinal studies. However, our most positive findings indicate that investing in places for exercise and recreation, a safe infrastructure for active transport, and nature-based activities are possible strategies that should be considered to address low levels of PA in rural adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42021283508.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Müller
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Würzburg, Judenbühlweg 11, 97082, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Lisa Paulsen
- Department of Prevention and Health Promotion, Heidelberg University of Education, Keplerstraße 87, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Bucksch
- Department of Prevention and Health Promotion, Heidelberg University of Education, Keplerstraße 87, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Koohsari MJ, Oka K, Nakaya T, McCormack GR. Urban Form Metrics for Promoting Walking: Street Layouts and Destinations. J Urban Health 2023; 100:1024-1031. [PMID: 37581709 PMCID: PMC10618131 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-023-00775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that higher street connectivity and availability of destinations can support walking behavior. However, the availability of data and comparability between previous studies remain a challenge. Based on a large Canadian adult sample, this study examined the associations between street layout and walking behaviors and explored whether objectively measured destinations may mediate these relationships. This study used data from 12,378 adults from Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP), a prospective cohort study conducted in Alberta, Canada. Walking behaviors were obtained by questionnaires. Street layout and destination measures were calculated objectively. Covariate-adjusted multivariate linear models estimated the associations between the space syntax street integration and duration of transport and leisure walking. The mediation effects of the availability of destinations in these associations were tested by the structural equation modelling. Street integration was significantly positively associated with transportation walking (b=0.01, 95% CI 0.00, 0.01, p = 0.01) (indirect effect). The availability of destinations partially mediated this association. Using the natural movement theory in space syntax, our study provides insights into using street layouts as a primary measure to (re)design the built environment to support walking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Chome-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1211, Japan.
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Gavin R McCormack
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zafra-Tanaka JH, Braverman A, Anza-Ramirez C, Ortigoza A, Lazo M, Doberti T, Rodriguez-Osiac L, Lovasi GS, Mazariegos M, Sarmiento O, Pérez Ferrer C, Miranda JJ. City features related to obesity in preschool children: a cross-sectional analysis of 159 cities in six Latin American countries. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2023; 20:100458. [PMID: 36942152 PMCID: PMC10023940 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Childhood obesity is a rising global health problem. The rapid urbanization experienced in Latin America might impact childhood obesity through different pathways involving urban built and social features of cities. We aimed to evaluate the association between built and social environment features of cities and childhood obesity across countries and cities in Latin America. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of data from 20,040 children aged 1-5 years living in 159 large cities in six Latin American countries. We used individual-level anthropometric data for excess weight (overweight or obesity) from health surveys that could be linked to city-level data. City and sub-city level exposures included the social environment (living conditions, service provision and educational attainment) and the built environment (fragmentation, isolation, presence of mass transit, population density, intersection density and percent greenness). Multi-level logistic models were used to explore associations between city features and excess weight, adjusting for age, sex, and head of household education. Findings The overall prevalence of excess weight among preschool children was 8% but varied substantially between and within countries, ranging from 4% to 25%. Our analysis showed that 97% of the variability was between individuals within sub-city units and around 3% of the variance in z-scores of weight for height was explained by the city and sub-city levels. At the city-level, a higher distance between urban patches (isolation, per 1 SD increase) was associated with lower odds of excess weight (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.99). Higher sub-city education was also associated with lower odds of excess weight, but better sub-city living conditions were associated with higher odds of excess weight. Interpretation Built and social environment features are related to excess weight in preschool children. Our evidence from a wide range of large Latin American cities suggests that urban health interventions may be suitable alternatives towards attaining the goal of reducing excess weight early in the life course. Funding The SALURBAL project (Salud Urbana en América Latina, Urban Health in Latin America) is funded by Wellcome [205177/Z/16/Z].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hanae Zafra-Tanaka
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine, University of Geneva and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Corresponding author. CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendariz 445, Lima 15074, Peru.
| | - Ariela Braverman
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cecilia Anza-Ramirez
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Ana Ortigoza
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mariana Lazo
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tamara Doberti
- Escuela de Salud Pública, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Gina S. Lovasi
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mónica Mazariegos
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Olga Sarmiento
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - J. Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Anza-Ramirez C, Lazo M, Zafra-Tanaka JH, Avila-Palencia I, Bilal U, Hernández-Vásquez A, Knoll C, Lopez-Olmedo N, Mazariegos M, Moore K, Rodriguez DA, Sarmiento OL, Stern D, Tumas N, Miranda JJ. The urban built environment and adult BMI, obesity, and diabetes in Latin American cities. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7977. [PMID: 36581636 PMCID: PMC9800402 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35648-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Latin America is the world's most urbanized region and its heterogeneous urban development may impact chronic diseases. Here, we evaluated the association of built environment characteristics at the sub-city -intersection density, greenness, and population density- and city-level -fragmentation and isolation- with body mass index (BMI), obesity, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Data from 93,280 (BMI and obesity) and 122,211 individuals (T2D) was analysed across 10 countries. Living in areas with higher intersection density was positively associated with BMI and obesity, whereas living in more fragmented and greener areas were negatively associated. T2D was positively associated with intersection density, but negatively associated with greenness and population density. The rapid urban expansion experienced by Latin America provides unique insights and vastly expand opportunities for population-wide urban interventions aimed at reducing obesity and T2D burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Anza-Ramirez
- grid.11100.310000 0001 0673 9488CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Mariana Lazo
- grid.166341.70000 0001 2181 3113Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.166341.70000 0001 2181 3113Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Jessica Hanae Zafra-Tanaka
- grid.11100.310000 0001 0673 9488CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Ione Avila-Palencia
- grid.166341.70000 0001 2181 3113Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland UK
| | - Usama Bilal
- grid.166341.70000 0001 2181 3113Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.166341.70000 0001 2181 3113Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Akram Hernández-Vásquez
- grid.11100.310000 0001 0673 9488CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Carolyn Knoll
- grid.166341.70000 0001 2181 3113Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Nancy Lopez-Olmedo
- grid.415771.10000 0004 1773 4764Center for Population and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Mónica Mazariegos
- grid.418867.40000 0001 2181 0430INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Kari Moore
- grid.166341.70000 0001 2181 3113Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Daniel A. Rodriguez
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of City and Regional Planning, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Olga L. Sarmiento
- grid.7247.60000000419370714School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Dalia Stern
- grid.415771.10000 0004 1773 4764CONACyT- Center for Population and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Natalia Tumas
- grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Department of Political and Social Sciences, Research Group on Health Inequalities, Environment, Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (GREDS-EMCONET), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Johns Hopkins University - Pompeu Fabra University Public Policy Center (UPF-BSM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.10692.3c0000 0001 0115 2557Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - J. Jaime Miranda
- grid.11100.310000 0001 0673 9488CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru ,grid.11100.310000 0001 0673 9488School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Correlates of domain-specific sedentary behaviors and objectively assessed sedentary time among elementary school children. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18848. [PMID: 36344564 PMCID: PMC9640687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the correlates of sedentary behavior among children is essential in developing effective interventions to reduce sitting time in this vulnerable population. This study aimed to identify correlates of domain-specific sedentary behaviors and objectively assessed sedentary time among a sample of children in Japan. Data from 343 children (aged 6-12 years) living in Japan were used. Domain-specific sedentary behaviors were assessed using a questionnaire. Total sedentary time was estimated using hip-worn accelerometers. Twenty-two potential correlates across five categories (parental characteristics, household indoor environment, residential neighborhood environment, school environment, and school neighborhood environment) were included. Multivariable linear regression models were used to identify correlates of domain-specific sedentary behaviors and objectively assessed sedentary time. Eight correlates were significantly associated with children's domain-specific sedentary behaviors: mother's and father's age, mother's educational level, having a video/DVD recorder/player, having a video console, having a TV one's own room, home's Walk Score®, and pedestrian/cycling safety. No significant associations were found between potential correlates and accelerometer-based total sedentary time. These findings highlight that strategies to reduce children's sedentary time should consider the context of these behaviors. For example, urban design attributes such as perceived pedestrian and cycling safety can be improved to reduce children's car sitting time.
Collapse
|
6
|
Associations between neighbourhood street connectivity and sedentary behaviours in Canadian adults: Findings from Alberta’s Tomorrow Project. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269829. [PMID: 35771873 PMCID: PMC9246119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that neighbourhood street connectivity is positively associated with physical activity, yet few studies have estimated its associations with sedentary behaviour. We estimated the associations between space syntax derived street integration, a novel measure of street connectivity, and sedentary behaviours among Canadian adults. Data were sourced from a population-based study–Alberta’s Tomorrow Project (n = 14,758). Items from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire captured sedentary behaviour, including sitting and motor vehicle travel time and walking. Street integration was measured within a 1600m radius of participants’ homes. Covariate-adjusted linear regression models estimated the associations between street integration and sedentary behaviour. Street integration was significantly positively associated with daily minutes of sitting on week (b 6.44; 95CI 3.60, 9.29) and weekend (b 4.39; 95CI 1.81, 6.96) days, and for week and weekend days combined (b 5.86; 95CI 3.30, 8.41) and negatively associated with daily minutes of motor vehicle travel (b -3.72; 95CI -3.86, -1.55). These associations remained significant after further adjustment for daily walking participation and duration. More research is needed to understand the pathways by which street integration positively and or negatively affects sedentary behaviour.
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee C, Lee C, Stewart OT, Carlos HA, Adachi-Mejia A, Berke EM, Doescher MP. Neighborhood Environments and Utilitarian Walking Among Older vs. Younger Rural Adults. Front Public Health 2021; 9:634751. [PMID: 34150697 PMCID: PMC8211879 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.634751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Walking has the potential to promote health across the life span, but age-specific features of the neighborhood environment (NE), especially in rural communities, linked with walking have not been adequately characterized. This study examines the relationships between NE and utilitarian walking among older vs. younger adults living in US rural towns. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study came from telephone interviews in 2011–2012 with 2,140 randomly sampled younger (18–64 years, n = 1,398) and older (65+ years, n = 742) adults, collecting personal and NE perception variables. NE around each participant's home was also measured objectively using geographic information system techniques. Separate mixed-effects logistic regression models were estimated for the two age groups, predicting the odds of utilitarian walking at least once a week. Results: Perceived presence of crosswalks and pedestrian signals was significantly related to utilitarian walking in both age groups. Among older adults, unattended dogs, lighting at night, and religious institutions were positively while steep slope was negatively associated with their walking. For younger adults, traffic speed (negative, –), public transportation (positive, +), malls (–), cultural/recreational destinations (+), schools (+), and resource production land uses such as farms and mines (–) were significant correlates of utilitarian walking. Conclusion: Different characteristics of NE are associated with utilitarian walking among younger vs. older adults in US rural towns. Optimal modifications of NE to promote walking may need to reflect these age differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanam Lee
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Chunkeun Lee
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Orion T Stewart
- California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, CA, United States.,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Heather A Carlos
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States.,Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | | | - Ethan M Berke
- Optum (United States), Eden Prairie, MN, United States.,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Mark P Doescher
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kudo N, Nishide R, Mizutani M, Ogawa S, Tanimura S. Association between the type of physical activity and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and older adult residents of a semi-mountainous area in Japan. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:46. [PMID: 33838647 PMCID: PMC8035718 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-00949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is reported to prevent metabolic syndrome. However, it is unclear whether exercise or daily physical activity is more beneficial for residents of semi-mountainous areas. This study aimed to identify whether daily physical activity is more beneficial than exercise for the prevention of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older residents in semi-mountainous areas. METHODS We analyzed secondary data of 636 people who underwent a specific health checkup in a semi-mountainous area of Japan. Physical activity was classified into four types: inactivity (I-type; without exercise and without daily physical activity), only exercise (E-type; with exercise and without daily physical activity), only daily physical activity (D-type; without exercise and with daily physical activity), and full physical activity type (F-type; with exercise and with daily physical activity). We compared the means of risk factors for metabolic syndrome by these four types, followed by logistic regression analysis, to identify whether and to what extent the D-type was less likely to have metabolic syndrome than the E-type. RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 28.5% (men 45.7%, women 15.8%). The proportions of men with exercise and daily physical activity were 38.7% and 52.8%, respectively. For women, the proportions were 33.0% and 47.1%, respectively. In women, the D-type had the significantly lowest BMI, smallest waist circumference, highest HDL-C, and lowest prevalence of metabolic syndrome of the four types; the same was not observed in men. Additionally, D-type activity was more strongly associated with a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome than E-type activity in women (adjusted odds ratio 0.24; 95% confidence interval 0.06-0.85, P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Compared to middle-aged and older women residents with exercise in a semi-mountainous area of Japan, those with daily physical activity may effectively prevent metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kudo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Ritsuko Nishide
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Mayumi Mizutani
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shota Ogawa
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Susumu Tanimura
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
A longitudinal residential relocation study of changes in street layout and physical activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7691. [PMID: 33833261 PMCID: PMC8032714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Few longitudinal residential relocation studies have explored associations between urban form and physical activity, and none has used the Space Syntax theory. Using a Canadian longitudinal dataset (n = 5944), we estimated: (1) differences in physical activity between non-movers, and those relocating to neighbourhoods with less or more integrated street layouts, and; (2) associations between changes in street layout integration exposure and differences in physical activity. Adjusting for covariates, we found relative to non-movers, those who moved to more integrated neighbourhoods undertook significantly (p < .05) more leisure walking (27.3 min/week), moderate-intensity (45.7 min/week), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (54.4 min/week). Among movers, a one-unit increase in the relative change in street integration exposure ([Street integration at follow-up—street integration at baseline]/street integration at baseline) was associated with a 7.5 min/week increase in leisure walking. Our findings suggest that urban design policies that improve neighbourhood street integration might encourage more physical activity in adults.
Collapse
|
10
|
Okuyama K, Abe T, Li X, Toyama Y, Sundquist K, Nabika T. Neighborhood Environmental Factors and Physical Activity Status among Rural Older Adults in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041450. [PMID: 33557194 PMCID: PMC7913898 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Although several neighborhood environmental factors have been identified to be associated with older adults’ physical activity, little research has been done in rural areas where the population is aging. This study aimed to investigate neighborhood environmental factors and the longitudinal change of physical activity status among rural older adults in Japan. (2) Methods: The study included 2211 older adults, aged over 60 years, residing in three municipalities in Shimane prefecture and participating at least twice in annual health checkups between 2010 and 2019. Physical activity was identified based on self-report. Hilliness, bus stop density, intersection density, residential density, and distance to a community center were calculated for each subject. Hazard ratios for the incidence of physical inactivity were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. (3) Results: We found that 994 (45%) of the study subjects became physically inactive during the follow-up. Those living far from a community center had a lower risk of becoming physically inactive compared to those living close to a community center. When the analysis was stratified by residential municipality, this association remained in Ohnan town. Those living in hilly areas had a higher risk of becoming physically inactive in Okinoshima town. (4) Conclusions: The impact of neighborhood environmental factors on older adults’ physical activity status might differ by region possibly due to different terrain and local lifestyles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Okuyama
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (X.L.); (K.S.)
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan; (T.A.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-73-610-0086
| | - Takafumi Abe
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan; (T.A.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Xinjun Li
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (X.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Yuta Toyama
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan; (T.A.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (X.L.); (K.S.)
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan; (T.A.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Toru Nabika
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan; (T.A.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
- Department of Functional Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Müller AM, Chen B, Wang NX, Whitton C, Direito A, Petrunoff N, Müller-Riemenschneider F. Correlates of sedentary behaviour in Asian adults: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e12976. [PMID: 31919972 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to systematically review the evidence on correlates of sedentary behaviour (SB) among Asian adults. We searched for studies that examined individual, environmental, and political/cultural correlates of total and domain-specific SB (transport, occupation, leisure, and screen time) in Asian adults published from 2000 onwards in nine scientific databases. Two reviewers independently screened identified references. Following quality assessment of included studies, we performed narrative synthesis that considered differences based on SB measurements, regions, and population characteristics (PROSPERO: CRD42018095268). We identified 13 249 papers of which we included 49, from four regions and 12 countries. Researchers conducted cross-sectional analyses and most relied on SB self-report for SB measurement. Of the 118 correlates studied, the following associations were consistent: higher age, living in an urban area (East Asia), and lower mental health with higher total SB; higher education with higher total and occupational SB; higher income with higher leisure-time SB; higher transit density with higher total SB in older East Asians; and being an unmarried women with higher SB in the Middle East. We encourage more research in non-high-income countries across regions, further exploration of important but neglected correlates using longitudinal designs and qualitative research, and the use of objective instruments to collect SB data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andre Matthias Müller
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.,Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bozhi Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Nan Xin Wang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Clare Whitton
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Artur Direito
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Nick Petrunoff
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.,Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charite University Medical Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abe T, Okuyama K, Hamano T, Takeda M, Isomura M, Nabika T. Hilly environment and physical activity among community-dwelling older adults in Japan: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e033338. [PMID: 32220911 PMCID: PMC7170569 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether a moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) level and walking time were associated with a hilly environment in rural Japanese older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Unnan city, Ohnan and Okinoshima towns in Shimane, Japan. PARTICIPANTS Data were collected from 1115 adults from the Shimane CoHRE study, who were aged 60 years and older and living in rural Japan in 2012. MEASURES We measured the total time spent on MVPA and walking using a Japanese short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The land slope in 400 or 800 m network buffers was assessed using the geographic information system. A multivariable Poisson regression model examined the prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% CIs of walking time or MVPA levels meeting the WHO guideline (>150 min/week) in the land slope categories (low, middle and high), adjusted for confounders. RESULTS Engaging in the recommended level of MVPA was significantly associated with middle land slope (PR=1.07; p=0.03) and high land slope (PR=1.06; p=0.07) compared with low land slope in the 400 m network buffer, as well as with middle land slope (PR=1.02; p=0.48) and high land slope (PR=1.04; p=0.25) compared with the low land slope in the 800 m network buffer. Walking time was significantly associated with middle land slope (PR=1.13; p=0.04) and high land slope (PR=1.17; p=0.01) compared with low land slope in the 400 m network buffer, and with middle land slope (PR=1.09; p=0.16) and high land slope (PR=1.17; p<0.01) compared with low land slope in the 800 m network buffer. The sensitivity analysis found only a positive association between walking time and land slope in the 400 and 800 m network buffers. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that a hilly environment was positively associated with walking time among older adults living in rural Japan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Abe
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kenta Okuyama
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamano
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
- Department of Sports Sociology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sociology, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miwako Takeda
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Minoru Isomura
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Toru Nabika
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
- Department of Functional Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
McCormack GR, Koohsari MJ, Turley L, Nakaya T, Shibata A, Ishii K, Yasunaga A, Oka K. Evidence for urban design and public health policy and practice: Space syntax metrics and neighborhood walking. Health Place 2019; 67:102277. [PMID: 33526209 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Most walkability indices do not capture the topological structure of urban forms. Space syntax models these topological relationships. We estimated associations between the space syntax measure of street integration and walkability (SSW) and neighborhood-specific leisure (LW) and transportation (TW) walking among 4422 Canadian adults. Street integration and SSW were found to be positively associated with TW and LW participation in a usual week. A one-unit increase in SSW was associated with a 6-min increase in usual weekly minutes of TW. Street integration and SSW were also positively associated with TW participation in the last week. Higher street integration and walkability conceptualized using space syntax support neighborhood walking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin R McCormack
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada; School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, University of Calgary, Canada.
| | - Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Japan; Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Liam Turley
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada.
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Japan.
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Akitomo Yasunaga
- Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Bunka Gakuen University, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
McCormack GR, Koohsari MJ, Oka K, Friedenreich CM, Blackstaffe A, Alaniz FU, Farkas B. Differences in transportation and leisure physical activity by neighborhood design controlling for residential choice. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2019; 8:532-539. [PMID: 31720064 PMCID: PMC6834992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies provide useful insight about the associations between the built environment and physical activity (PA), particularly when reasons for neighborhood choice are considered. Our study analyzed the relationship between levels of weekly transportation and leisure PA among 3 neighborhood designs, statistically adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and reasons for neighborhood choice. METHODS A stratified random sample of adults (age ≥20 years) living in Calgary (Canada) neighborhoods with different neighborhood designs (grid, warped-grid, and curvilinear) and socioeconomic status completed a self-administered questionnaire capturing PA, sociodemographic characteristics, and reasons for neighborhood choice (response rate = 10.1%; n = 1023). Generalized linear models estimated associations between neighborhood design and transportation and leisure PA outcomes (participation (any vs. none) and volume (metabolic equivalent: h/week)), adjusting for neighborhood socioeconomic status, sociodemographic characteristics (gender, age, ethnicity, education, household income, marital status, children, vehicle access, dog ownership, and injury), and reasons for neighborhood choice (e.g., proximity and quality of recreational and utilitarian destinations, proximity to work, highway access, aesthetics, and sense of community). RESULTS Overall, 854 participants had resided in their neighborhood for at least 12 months and provided complete data. Compared with those living in curvilinear neighborhoods, grid neighborhood participants had greater odds (p < 0.05) of participating in any transportation walking (odds ratio (OR) = 2.17), transportation and leisure cycling (OR = 2.39 and OR = 1.70), active transportation (OR = 2.16), and high-intensity leisure PA (≥6 metabolic equivalent; OR = 1.74), respectively. There were no neighborhood differences in the volume of any transportation or leisure PA undertaken. Adjustment for neighborhood selection had minimal impact on the statistical or practical importance of model estimates. CONCLUSION Neighborhood design is associated with PA patterns in adults, independent of reasons for neighborhood choice and sociodemographic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin R. McCormack
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8050, Japan
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8050, Japan
| | - Christine M. Friedenreich
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, T2S 3C3, Canada
| | - Anita Blackstaffe
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Francisco Uribe Alaniz
- School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Brenlea Farkas
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Okuyama K, Abe T, Hamano T, Takeda M, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Nabika T. Hilly neighborhoods are associated with increased risk of weight gain among older adults in rural Japan: a 3-years follow-up study. Int J Health Geogr 2019; 18:10. [PMID: 31077213 PMCID: PMC6509780 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-019-0174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neighborhood environments have been regularly associated with the weight status. Although the evidence is mostly limited to adults residing in western urban settings, the weight status of older adults living in rural areas is also assumed to be significantly affected by their neighborhood environments. This study aimed to identify environmental attributes specific to rural areas that could affect the risk of longitudinal weight gain among older adults (≥ 65 years) in Japan. Methods We examined five environmental attributes, i.e., land slope, public transportation accessibility, residential density, intersection density, and the availability of parks and recreational centers, measured by the geographic information system. Our analysis was based on 714 subjects participated in Shimane Community-based Healthcare Research and Education study in 2012 and 2015. Multinomial logistic regression model was conducted to examine the association between each neighborhood environmental attribute and weight change status (gain, loss and unchanged). Results We observed a significant increase in the risk of weight gain as the steepness of the neighborhood land slope increased. There was no significant association between other environmental attributes and risk of weight gain as well as weight loss among older adults. Conclusion Living in hilly neighborhoods was associated with increased risk of weight gain among rural Japanese older adults. Future research should consider region-specific environmental attributes when investigating their effect on older adults’ weight status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Okuyama
- Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Abe
- Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamano
- Department of Sports Sociology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sociology, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8555, Japan
| | - Miwako Takeda
- Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 223-8 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Building 28, Floor 11, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Building 28, Floor 11, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Koohsari MJ, Oka K, Owen N, Sugiyama T. Natural movement: A space syntax theory linking urban form and function with walking for transport. Health Place 2019; 58:102072. [PMID: 30639202 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Walking to get to and from local destinations including shops, services, and transit stops is a major source of adults' health-related physical activity. Research has been using space syntax measures in examining how urban form is related to such routine walking for transport. This paper proposes to apply a theory of space syntax, natural movement, which posits street layout as a primary factor influencing pedestrian movement. Discussing how this theory can link urban form (street layout) and function (land use) with walking for transport, we propose a research agenda to produce new insights and advance methods in active living research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan; Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | - Neville Owen
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia; Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Koohsari MJ, Nakaya T, Oka K. Activity-Friendly Built Environments in a Super-Aged Society, Japan: Current Challenges and toward a Research Agenda. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15092054. [PMID: 30235862 PMCID: PMC6163734 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15092054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing recognition of the role of built environment attributes, such as streets, shops, greenways, parks, and public transportation stations, in supporting people’s active behaviors. In particular, surrounding built environments may have an important role in supporting healthy active aging. Nevertheless, little is known about how built environments may influence active lifestyles in “super-aged societies”. More robust evidence-based research is needed to identify how where people live influences their active behaviors, and how to build beneficial space in the context of super-aged societies. This evidence will also be informative for the broader international context, where having an aging society will be the inevitable future. This commentary sought to move this research agenda forward by identifying key research issues and challenges in examining the role of built environment attributes on active behaviors in Japan, which is experiencing the longest healthy life expectancy, but rapid “super-aging”, with the highest proportion of old adults among its population in the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia.
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne 3000, Australia.
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai City 980-0845, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abe T, Hamano T, Onoda K, Takeda M, Okuyama K, Yamasaki M, Isomura M, Nabika T. Additive Effect of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time on Depressive Symptoms in Rural Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Epidemiol 2018; 29:227-232. [PMID: 30146527 PMCID: PMC6522389 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20180017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported an additive effect of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) on depressive symptoms. However, no studies have been conducted in rural community settings. This cross-sectional study investigated whether the additive effect of MVPA and ST was associated with depressive symptoms in rural Japanese adults. METHODS We identified 2,814 participants from health examinations conducted in Shimane, rural Japan, in 2012 and analyzed data from 1,958 participants. We assessed depressive symptoms using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and measured the total time spent on MVPA and ST using a Japanese short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Poisson regression analysis examined the prevalence ratios (PR) of depressive symptoms in nine category combinations of MVPA level (no, insufficient, or sufficient MVPA) and ST level (high, moderate, or low ST). RESULTS A total of 117 (6.0%) participants had depressive symptoms. Compared with the reference category (no MVPA/high ST), multivariate analysis showed that the likelihood of depressive symptoms was significantly lower in the sufficient MVPA/low ST category (PR 0.23; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.08-0.66), insufficient MVPA/low ST category (PR 0.37; 95% CI, 0.16-0.86), and insufficient MVPA/moderate ST category (PR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.17-0.90). CONCLUSION Analysis of the additive effect of MVPA and ST showed that the combinational category of sufficient MVPA and low ST had the lowest prevalence of depressive symptoms in rural Japanese adults. Moderate ST and low ST showed significantly lower likelihoods of depressive symptoms, regardless of insufficient MVPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Abe
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamano
- Department of Sports Sociology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sociology, Kyoto Sangyo University.,Department of Functional Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University
| | - Keiichi Onoda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University
| | - Miwako Takeda
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University
| | - Kenta Okuyama
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University
| | - Masayuki Yamasaki
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University.,Faculty of Human Sciences, Shimane University
| | - Minoru Isomura
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University.,Faculty of Human Sciences, Shimane University
| | - Toru Nabika
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University.,Department of Functional Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Koohsari MJ, Kaczynski AT, Hanibuchi T, Shibata A, Ishii K, Yasunaga A, Nakaya T, Oka K. Physical Activity Environment and Japanese Adults' Body Mass Index. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040596. [PMID: 29587441 PMCID: PMC5923638 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Evidence about the impacts of the physical activity environment on adults’ weight in the context of Asian countries is scarce. Likewise, no study exists in Asia examining whether Walk Score®—a free online walkability tool—is related to obesity. This study aimed to examine associations between multiple physical activity environment measures and Walk Score® ratings with Japanese adults’ body mass index (BMI). Data from 1073 adults in the Healthy Built Environment in Japan study were used. In 2011, participants reported their height and weight. Environmental attributes, including population density, intersection density, density of physical activity facilities, access to public transportation, and availability of sidewalks, were calculated using Geographic Information Systems. Walk Scores® ratings were obtained from the website. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between each environmental attribute and BMI. Adjusting for covariates, all physical activity environmental attributes were negatively associated with BMI. Similarly, an increase of one standard deviation of Walk Score® was associated with a 0.29 (95% confidence interval (CI) of −0.49–−0.09) decrease in BMI. An activity-friendly built environment was associated with lower adults’ BMI in Japan. Investing in healthy community design may positively impact weight status in non-Western contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia.
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne 3000, Australia.
| | - Andrew T Kaczynski
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29229, USA.
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29229, USA.
| | - Tomoya Hanibuchi
- School of International Liberal Studies, Chukyo University, Nagoya 466-8666, Japan.
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8574, Japan.
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Akitomo Yasunaga
- Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Bunka Gakuen University, Tokyo 151-8523, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Department of Geography and Institute of Disaster Mitigation for Urban Cultural Heritage, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto 603-8577, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
The Relationship between the Neighborhood Built Environment and Active Transportation among Adults: A Systematic Literature Review. URBAN SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/urbansci1030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Active transportation (AT) has aroused great interest in recent years as it may benefit public health and reduce the dependency on cars. This article aims to summarize recent findings on the relationship between the objectively measured built environment and AT among adults, to examine if different study designs may generate different results, and to provide directions for future research. A systematic literature review of journal articles from different databases was conducted. Fifty-one articles published between 2005 and 2017 were identified, and twelve built environment factors were extracted. The results showed that residential density, land use mix, street connectivity, retail land use, walkability, sidewalk, and access to destinations had a convincing positive relationship with walking for transport. Regarding cycling for transport, while street connectivity and bike lane showed a convincing positive relationship, neighborhood aesthetics and access to destinations showed a convincing negative relationship. Studies that use different analyzed geographic units and different measurements of AT may generate different results, so choosing suitable geographic units and measurement of AT is necessary to reduce the mismatch in the relationships. In addition, we need more longitudinal studies, more studies on cycling for transport, and more studies in countries outside North America and Australasia.
Collapse
|