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Liu Y, Li S, Deng T, Li L, Wei R, Zhang Y, Ou J, Tao F, Wan Y. The association between green space around schools, screen time for entertainment, and adolescent depressive symptoms: a nationwide study from China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024:120100. [PMID: 39374752 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural green environments are beneficial to people's mental health, while too much screen time may be harmful to adolescents' mental health. However, it is not clear how green spaces and screen time affect mental health together in adolescents. MethodsA total of 22,868 adolescents were recruited from October to December 2021 in eight cities in China, through multistage cluster sampling. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to investigate adolescents' depressive symptoms, and the Normalised Vegetation Index for the 200m, 500m and 1000m buffer zones around the school represents the green cover around the school. We used binary logistic regression to analyse the association between green space, screen time and depressive symptoms. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, the highest quartile of NDVI in the 200m, 500m and 1000m buffer zones around the school was a protective factor for depressive symptoms. For less than 2 hours of recreational screen time, the highest quartiles of the NDVI and the association with depressive symptoms were negatively correlated for the 200m, 500m and 1000m buffer zones (NDVI200: 0.904(0.848-0.964)), NDVI500: 0.863(0.808-0.921), NDVI1000: 0.862(0.808-0.920)). The highest quartiles of NDVI in all buffers were not associated with depressive symptoms when the screen time was >2 hours. The association between green space and depressive symptoms at lower recreational screen time was observed to be stronger in the group of adolescents with a lower family economic status (NDVI200: 0.780(0.695-0.876), NDVI500: 0.838(0.748-0.938), NDVI1000: 0.783(0.698-0.879)). No potential gender differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS For adolescents with less than two hours of recreational screen time per day, the greenery around the school had a protective effect on their mental health, especially for adolescents from economically disadvantaged families. Green spaces around schools are significant in improving health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Shuqin Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui, China
| | - Tongyan Deng
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Runyu Wei
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Jinping Ou
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui, China
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui, China.
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Horsdal HT, Pedersen MG, Schullehner J, Østergaard CS, Mcgrath JJ, Agerbo E, Timmermann A, Closter AM, Brandt J, Christensen JH, Frohn LM, Geels C, Ketzel M, Khan J, Ørby PV, Olsen Y, Levin G, Svenning JC, Engemann K, Gyldenkærne S, Hansen B, Hertel O, Sabel CE, Erikstrup C, Sigsgaard T, Pedersen CB. Perspectives on environment and health research in Denmark. Scand J Public Health 2024; 52:741-751. [PMID: 37278162 PMCID: PMC11308320 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231178076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We provide an overview of nationwide environmental data available for Denmark and its linkage potentials to individual-level records with the aim of promoting research on the potential impact of the local surrounding environment on human health. BACKGROUND Researchers in Denmark have unique opportunities for conducting large population-based studies treating the entire Danish population as one big, open and dynamic cohort based on nationally complete population and health registries. So far, most research in this area has utilised individual- and family-level information to study the clustering of disease in families, comorbidities, risk of, and prognosis after, disease onset, and social gradients in disease risk. Linking environmental data in time and space to individuals enables novel possibilities for studying the health effects of the social, built and physical environment. METHODS We describe the possible linkage between individuals and their local surrounding environment to establish the exposome - that is, the total environmental exposure of an individual over their life course. CONCLUSIONS The currently available nationwide longitudinal environmental data in Denmark constitutes a valuable and globally rare asset that can help explore the impact of the exposome on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette T. Horsdal
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Marianne G. Pedersen
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jörg Schullehner
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Denmark
| | - Cecilie S. Østergaard
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - John J. Mcgrath
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Australia
| | - Esben Agerbo
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Allan Timmermann
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Ane Marie Closter
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | | | - Lise M. Frohn
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Camilla Geels
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research, University of Surrey, UK
| | - Jibran Khan
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Pia V. Ørby
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Yulia Olsen
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Gregor Levin
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere & Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Kristine Engemann
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere & Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | | | | | - Ole Hertel
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Clive E. Sabel
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Carsten B. Pedersen
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
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Jabeen A, Afzal MS, Pathan SA. A Review of the Role of Built Environment and Temperature in the Development of Childhood Obesity. Cureus 2023; 15:e49657. [PMID: 38161805 PMCID: PMC10756253 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The burden of obesity is rising globally and is studied widely, yet the evidence for the association of environmental factors (both built and natural) with childhood obesity remains inconsistent. A relation with temperature as a proxy for natural environmental factors for obesity has not been reviewed previously. The purpose of this review was to assimilate updated evidence on environmental factors of childhood obesity. Three databases, MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), Web of Science, and Cochrane, were searched for articles related to the effect of built environment and temperature on childhood obesity in 6-12-year-olds published in the last five years. Twelve studies were identified: four longitudinal and eight cross-sectional. The studies were appraised using the National Institute of Health Quality (NIH) Assessment Tool. A review of included studies showed that built environmental features like higher residential and population density, higher intersection density, more playgrounds, and all park features like the presence or availability of parks, high number of parks, proximity to parks, and an increased park land area, showed a protective association against childhood obesity while land use mix showed a promoting association for the development of childhood obesity. Inconclusive evidence was observed for other built environmental features. The search strategy did not retrieve any literature published in the past five years studying the association between temperature and the development of childhood obesity. Standardization of definitions of exposure and outcome measures is recommended. Further research studying the relationship between environmental temperature and the development of childhood obesity is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atika Jabeen
- Public Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, GBR
- Emergency Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
| | | | - Sameer A Pathan
- Emergency Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
- Emergency Medicine, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, GBR
- Emergency Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, AUS
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Bereziartua A, Chen J, de Hoogh K, Rodopoulou S, Andersen ZJ, Bellander T, Brandt J, Fecht D, Forastiere F, Gulliver J, Hertel O, Hoffmann B, Arthur Hvidtfeldt U, Verschuren WMM, Jöckel KH, Jørgensen JT, Katsouyanni K, Ketzel M, Hjertager Krog N, Brynedal B, Leander K, Liu S, Ljungman P, Faure E, Magnusson PKE, Nagel G, Pershagen G, Peters A, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Renzi M, Rizzuto D, Samoli E, van der Schouw YT, Schramm S, Severi G, Stafoggia M, Strak M, Sørensen M, Tjønneland A, Weinmayr G, Wolf K, Zitt E, Brunekreef B, Hoek G. Exposure to surrounding greenness and natural-cause and cause-specific mortality in the ELAPSE pooled cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 166:107341. [PMID: 35717714 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of studies have shown higher greenness exposure associated with reduced mortality risks, but few controlled for spatially correlated air pollution and traffic noise exposures. We aim to address this research gap in the ELAPSE pooled cohort. METHODS Mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in a 300-m grid cell and 1-km radius were assigned to participants' baseline home addresses as a measure of surrounding greenness exposure. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association of NDVI exposure with natural-cause and cause-specific mortality, adjusting for a number of potential confounders including socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors at individual and area-levels. We further assessed the associations between greenness exposure and mortality after adjusting for fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and road traffic noise. RESULTS The pooled study population comprised 327,388 individuals who experienced 47,179 natural-cause deaths during 6,374,370 person-years of follow-up. The mean NDVI in the pooled cohort was 0.33 (SD 0.1) and 0.34 (SD 0.1) in the 300-m grid and 1-km buffer. In the main fully adjusted model, 0.1 unit increment of NDVI inside 300-m grid was associated with 5% lower risk of natural-cause mortality (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94, 0.96)). The associations attenuated after adjustment for air pollution [HR (95% CI): 0.97 (0.96, 0.98) adjusted for PM2.5; 0.98 (0.96, 0.99) adjusted for NO2]. Additional adjustment for traffic noise hardly affected the associations. Consistent results were observed for NDVI within 1-km buffer. After adjustment for air pollution, NDVI was inversely associated with diabetes, respiratory and lung cancer mortality, yet with wider 95% confidence intervals. No association with cardiovascular mortality was found. CONCLUSIONS We found a significant inverse association between surrounding greenness and natural-cause mortality, which remained after adjusting for spatially correlated air pollution and traffic noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa Bereziartua
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sophia Rodopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Zorana J Andersen
- Section of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Tom Bellander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; iClimate - interdisciplinary Center for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Daniela Fecht
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service / ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - John Gulliver
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability & School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Ole Hertel
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | | | - W M Monique Verschuren
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands and Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Jeanette T Jørgensen
- Section of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
| | - Norun Hjertager Krog
- Section of Air Pollution and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway.
| | - Boel Brynedal
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Shuo Liu
- Section of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Elodie Faure
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" team, CESP UMR1018, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gabriele Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Matteo Renzi
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service / ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy.
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Sara Schramm
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, Germany.
| | - Gianluca Severi
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" team, CESP UMR1018, 94805 Villejuif, France; Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service / ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maciej Strak
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Diet, Genes and Environment (DGE), Denmark.
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Emanuel Zitt
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine (aks), Bregenz, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine 3, LKH Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria.
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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