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Yang W, Zhao X, Liu M. Exploring the Factors Behind Regional Differences in Physical Fitness of Geological University Students. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:2022-2036. [PMID: 37432560 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01670-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The intention of this study is to investigate the distribution of physical fitness of the geographical students. The indicators among freshmen at a Chinese geological university and compare their fitness levels with students from other types of institutions. The research revealed that students at higher latitudes exhibited greater physical strength but were less athletic than those at lower latitudes. Spatial dependence on physical fitness was more pronounced in males than in females, particularly for indicators characterizing athletic capacity. Influencing factors such as PM10, air temperature, rainfall, eggs consumption, grain consumption, and GDP which were identified as the major climate, dietary structure, and economic level were examined. Revised:PM10, air temperature and eggs consumption, factors influencing the spatial distribution of male physical fitness across the country. Rainfall, grains consumption and GDP, factors influencing the spatial distribution of female physical fitness across the country. respectively. These factors were found to affect males (42.43%) more than females (25.33%). These findings highlight the significance of regional differences in students' physical fitness levels, with students in geological universities demonstrating better overall physical fitness compared to their counterparts at other schools. Consequently, it is essential to develop tailored physical education strategies for students in various regions, taking into account local economic, climatic, and dietary factors. This study offers a greater explanation of physical fitness disparities between the Chinese university students as well as provides insights for designing effective physical education programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenge Yang
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xuanli Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
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Dong C, Chen H, Li Y, Sun Y, Pan Y, Xu Q, Sun H. Patterns of Health-Risk Behaviours and Their Associations With Anxiety and Depression Among Chinese Young Adults by Gender: A Latent Class Analysis. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241258922. [PMID: 38842056 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241258922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated gender differences in health-risk behaviour patterns among young adults and assessed the associations of anxiety and depression with these patterns. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1740 young Chinese adults aged 18-24 years. Latent class analysis (LCA) and multinomial logistic regression were conducted to identify the clusters of health-risk behaviours and their associations with anxiety and depression. Three common patterns were found for both genders: physical inactivity, substance use, and insufficient fruit intake (5.7% for males [M] and 11.6% for females [F]); a sedentary lifestyle only (48.4% for M and 48.9% for F); and a sedentary lifestyle, substance use, and an unhealthy diet (7.6% for M and 20.0% for F). Additionally, two additional unique patterns were found: physical inactivity and unhealthy diet in males (38.3%) and physical inactivity and insufficient fruit intake in females (19.6%). Sociodemographic variables exert different effects on health-risk behaviour patterns as a function of gender. Lower anxiety levels (odds ratio [OR]: 0.892; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.823-0.966) and greater depression levels (OR: 1.074; 95% CI: 1.008-1.143) were associated with a sedentary lifestyle, substance use, and unhealthy diet class only in female young adults compared with a sedentary-only class. These findings underscore the need for the implementation of targeted interventions based on gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Dong
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Medical Informatics Center, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Sun
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinzhu Pan
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiongying Xu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Reichenberger J, van Alebeek H, Messer T, Blechert J. Excess after stress-A three-study validation of the salzburg stress drinking scale as a new tool to measure the stress-drinking relationship. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3293. [PMID: 37462153 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Stress frequently influences a person's propensity to drink alcohol. Inter-individual differences in such stress-related drinking can be assessed through psychometric scales; however, available questionnaires conflate stress- with emotion-related reasons to drink and ignore evidence of decreased alcohol consumption in response to stress. Therefore, we developed a genuine stress-drinking scale (Salzburg Stress Drinking Scale; SSDS), adapted from the Salzburg Stress Eating Scale, and assessed its psychometric properties. In study 1 (n = 639), the SSDS was found to have a one-factor structure, excellent internal consistency, and acceptable test-retest reliability. SSDS scores were significantly correlated with other measures assessing emotional drinking, but uncorrelated with general alcohol pathology and other health-relevant consummatory behaviors such as stress-related eating or nicotine consumption. In addition, no significant sex differences arose. In study 2 (n = 42) patients with an alcohol use disorder or addiction scored significantly higher on the SSDS compared to healthy controls. In an Ecological Momentary Assessment study 3 (n = 67), the SSDS showed partial ecological validity through significant relationships with daily alcohol consumption, but not daily stress-drinking relationships. In sum, the SSDS represents a psychometrically sound tool for the measurement of stress-related drinking and complements a battery of stress-related changes in health-relevant behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Reichenberger
- Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hannah van Alebeek
- Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Messer
- Danuvius Clinic Pfaffenhofen, Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Germany
| | - Jens Blechert
- Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Salzburg, Austria
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Le Gouais A, Bates G, Callway R, Kwon HR, Montel L, Peake-Jones S, White J, Hasan MN, Koksal C, Barnfield A, Bondy K, Ayres S. Understanding how to create healthier places: A qualitative study exploring the complex system of urban development decision-making. Health Place 2023; 81:103023. [PMID: 37079969 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Tackling complex system challenges like creating healthy environments requires understanding priorities and structures affecting multiple actors. This qualitative study, involving 132 multi-sectoral stakeholders spanning the urban development decision-making system, explores how to influence healthier place-making. Using thematic analysis we develop themes around competing stakeholder priorities; structural 'rules' and influential relationships; and justifying a focus on health, requiring greater clarity and consensus around definitions of 'healthy' urban development. Building on the socio-ecological model we highlight how a multi-faceted approach is required for change at multiple levels in the complex system to target individual actor motivations, organisational priorities and structural 'rules'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Le Gouais
- University of Bristol, Bristol Medical School (Population Health Sciences), UK.
| | - Geoff Bates
- University of Bath, Institute for Policy Research, UK
| | - Rosalie Callway
- University of Bristol, Bristol Medical School (Population Health Sciences), UK
| | | | - Lisa Montel
- University of Bristol Law School, Centre for Health, Law and Society, UK
| | | | - Jo White
- University of the West of England, Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, UK
| | | | - Caglar Koksal
- University of Manchester, Manchester Urban Institute, UK
| | | | | | - Sarah Ayres
- University of Bristol, School for Policy Studies, UK
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Montel L. 'Harnessing the power of the law': a qualitative analysis of the legal determinants of health in English urban planning and recommendations for fairer and healthier decision-making. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:310. [PMID: 36774508 PMCID: PMC9921044 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban environments impact negatively on the risks of non-communicable diseases and perpetuate health inequalities. Against this, law could play a critical role, notably through implementing and securing visions of health and well-being, and evidence-based interventions. METHODS Seven teams conducted 123 interviews with 132 actors in urban planning in England. Teams had expertise in urban planning, transport, real estate, public health, public policy, administration, and management. An additional team with expertise in law analysed data from all interviews to explore how the law is perceived and used to promote health in urban planning. RESULTS Six issues were identified as preventing actors from using the law to improve health in urban planning: (i) density and complexity of the law; (ii) weak and outdated regulatory standards; (iii) absence of health from legal requirements in the decision-making process; (iv) inconsistent interpretations by actors with competing interests; (v) lack of strong health evidence-based local planning policies; and (vi) inertia of the law. CONCLUSIONS The legal determinants of health listed in the Lancet-O'Neill Commission's report need to be strengthened at the local level to effectively deploy law in English urban development. The findings call for strong, evidence-based local planning policies and decision-making frameworks, placing health as (one of the) core value(s) of urban planning and showing what types of development benefit health, i.e., prevent NCDs risks and reduce health inequalities on the long term. The legal capacity of local government should be strengthened to empower decision-makers in shaping urban development that promotes health for everyone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Montel
- Centre for Health, Law and Society, University of Bristol Law School, 8-10 Berkeley Square, BS8 1HH, Bristol, UK.
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Dai HD, Pierce J, Beseler C, Abadi A, Zoucha K, Johnson R, Buckley J, Ramos AK. Hierarchical Modeling of Psychosocial, Parental, and Environmental Factors for Susceptibility to Tobacco Product Use in 9-10-Year-Old Children. J Adolesc Health 2023; 72:267-276. [PMID: 36424333 PMCID: PMC10917612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tobacco use during early adolescence can harm brain development and cause adverse health outcomes. Identifying susceptibility in early adolescence before initiation presents an opportunity for tobacco use prevention. METHODS Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study that enrolled 9-10-year-old children in 21 US cities between 2016 and 2018 at baseline. Separate nested hierarchical models were performed to incrementally examine the associations of sociodemographic factors, psychosocial influences, parental substance use, immediate social contacts, and perceived neighborhood safety with tobacco use susceptibility among never tobacco users (n = 10,449), overall and stratified by gender. RESULTS A total of 16.6% of youths who have never used tobacco reported susceptibility to tobacco. Females (vs. males, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] [95% confidence interval {CI}] = 0.80 [0.70-0.91]), positive parental monitoring (AOR [95% CI] = 0.76 [0.66-0.87]) and positive school environment (AOR [95% CI] = 0.95 [0.93-0.98]) were associated with reduced susceptibility to tobacco use. Parental education level (high school, AOR [95% CI] = 1.52 [1.02-2.28]; bachelor's degree, AOR [95% CI] = 1.53 [1.03-2.28]; or postgraduate degree, AOR [95% CI] = 1.54 [1.03-2.3] vs. less than high school), youth substance ever use (AOR [95% CI] = 2.24 [1.95-2.58]), internalizing problems (AOR [95% CI] = 1.03 [1-1.06]), and high scores on negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking, and positive urgency-impulsive behavior scale were associated with increased susceptibility to tobacco use. Stratified analysis showed that parent-perceived neighborhood safety was associated with reduced susceptibility to tobacco use among males but not among females (AOR [95% CI] = 0.89 [0.81-0.99]) vs. (AOR [95% CI] = 1.01 [0.9-1.13]). A positive school environment was associated with lower susceptibility to tobacco use among females but not among males. DISCUSSION Parental, environmental, and psychosocial factors influence early childhood tobacco susceptibility. Family and school-based tobacco prevention programs should consider integrating these factors into primary school curricula to reduce youth tobacco susceptibility and later initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Daisy Dai
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
| | - John Pierce
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Cheryl Beseler
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Azar Abadi
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kenneth Zoucha
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Rachel Johnson
- Division of Internal Medicine/Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - James Buckley
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Athena K Ramos
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Hu L, Zhu W, Yu J, Chen Y, Yan J, Liao Q, Zhang T. Family-based improvement for health literacy among the Yi nationality (FAMILY) in Liangshan: protocol of an open cohort stepped wedge cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1543. [PMID: 35964063 PMCID: PMC9375317 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13782-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improvement of health literacy constitutes a cornerstone to improving public health. However, the overall health literacy of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (Liangshan Prefecture) in the southwest Sichuan Province of China has kept extremely low for a long time. How to improve health literacy of the Yi nationality residents is key to be urgently solved. Notably, Family Branch System is a distinctive patrilineal bloodline organization of Yi nationality, which plays an important role in the daily life of Yi nationality. Meanwhile, Contracted Family Doctor Services is conducted in Liangshan Prefecture. Therefore, this study proposes an intervention model of health education based on Family Branch System and Contracted Family Doctor Services, which is a Family-based Improvement for Health Literacy among the Yi nationality (FAMILY) in Liangshan, when improving traditional Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework (ICCC) framework. METHODS An open cohort stepped wedge cluster randomized trial design is used to implement health literacy education interventions including project preparation, core group building, promotion within family branch and competition between family branches while using Contracted Family Doctor Services as control measure. The study will be conducted among Yi nationality residents in Meigu County and Yanyuan County, with health literacy level of residents as the primary outcome. Finally, mixed-effects model and causal inference method will be used to evaluate intervention effect. DISCUSSION This study highlights family, using the unique Family Branch System and Contracted Family Doctor Services in Liangshan Prefecture to design intervention among improved ICCC framework, and combines the mixed-effects model with complier average causal effects (CACE) to estimate the intervention effect under non-compliance for the first time. Besides, other key technologies to be adopted include construction of electronic questionnaire quality control system, with quality control based on artificial intelligence. This trial contributes to exploring an effective way to improve health literacy of Yi nationality residents in Liangshan Prefecture, which will provide reference for other areas, especially poor areas, to improve residents' health literacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN11299863 on June 1, 2022; https://www.isrctn.com/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin South Road 3rd Section NO.16, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin South Road 3rd Section NO.16, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin South Road 3rd Section NO.16, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin South Road 3rd Section NO.16, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jingmin Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin South Road 3rd Section NO.16, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Liangshan Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xichang, 615000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin South Road 3rd Section NO.16, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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