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Kittrakulrat J, Tiankanon K, Kerr SJ, Wattanatorn S, Udomkarnjananun S, Tungsanga S, Chaiteerakij R, Praditpornsilpa K, Eiam-Ong S, Avihingsanon Y, Tiranathanagul K, Vanichanan J, Townamchai N. A Randomized Controlled Study of Efficacy and Safety of Accelerated Versus Standard Hepatitis B Vaccination in Patients With Advanced CKD. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:853-862. [PMID: 38770057 PMCID: PMC11103956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is crucial for seronegative patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) for protection during dialysis while preparing for transplantation. A standard regimen for HBV vaccination requires 24 weeks to be completed. An accelerated HBV vaccination regimen completed within 8 weeks has shown early effective seroconversion in healthcare workers. However, data for patients with advanced CKD are limited. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted in patients with advanced CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [GFR] <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and patients on dialysis. The patients were randomly assigned to either a standard HBV vaccination regimen (Engerix B; 40 μg at 0, 4, 8, and 24 weeks) or an accelerated regimen (40 μg at 0, 1, 4, and 8 weeks). The hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) were measured at 12, 28, and 52 weeks. Seroconversion were defined as anti-HBs ≥10 IU/l. Results At 12 weeks, among the intention-to-treat (ITT) population of 133 participants (65 in the accelerated and 68 in the standard groups), the accelerated group demonstrated significantly higher rates of seroconversion (83.08% vs. 63.24%, P = 0.01). In the per-protocol (PP) analysis of 125 patients (62 in the standard and 63 in the accelerated groups), the accelerated group exhibited higher seroconversion rate compared with the standard group (85.71% vs. 69.35%, P = 0.03). At 28 and 52 weeks, the seroconversion rates were similar between the 2 groups. Conclusion In patients with advanced CKD, the accelerated HBV vaccination regimen demonstrated a significantly higher seroconversion rate at 12 weeks of vaccination. This finding suggests that the accelerated regimen is an effective option to achieve rapid seroconversion before initiating hemodialysis or before undergoing kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jathurong Kittrakulrat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Medicine, King Prajadhipok Memorial Hospital, Chanthaburi, Thailand
| | | | - Stephen J. Kerr
- Biostatistics Excellence Center, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- HIV-NAT, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Center, Bangkok, Thailand
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Salin Wattanatorn
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Solid Organ Transplantation, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suwasin Udomkarnjananun
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Solid Organ Transplantation, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Renal Immunology and Renal Transplant Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somkanya Tungsanga
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roongruedee Chaiteerakij
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation and Endoscopy in Gastrointestinal Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Hemodialysis center, Benchakitti park Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somchai Eiam-Ong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yingyos Avihingsanon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Solid Organ Transplantation, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Renal Immunology and Renal Transplant Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khajohn Tiranathanagul
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Hemodialysis center, Benchakitti park Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jakapat Vanichanan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natavudh Townamchai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Solid Organ Transplantation, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Renal Immunology and Renal Transplant Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Geremia N, Giovagnorio F, De Vito A, Martignago L, Fiore V, Rastrelli E, Madeddu G, Parisi SG, Starnini G, Panese S, Babudieri S. HBV in Italian Women's Jail: An Underestimated Problem? J Clin Med 2024; 13:1398. [PMID: 38592679 PMCID: PMC10932425 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little information regarding the hepatitis B virus (HBV), vaccination status, and hepatitis B exposure in Italian women's jails. We aimed to describe the HBV exposure and HBs antibody (anti-HBs) protection levels in female prisoners. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective multicentric study was performed in Italian prisons from 2021 to 2023. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for HBc antibody (anti-HBc) seropositivity and non-protective anti-HBs titer. RESULTS We included 156 patients. The median age was 41.0 (IQR 34.0-48.0). Of the studied subjects, 31 (19.9%) had anti-HBc positive titer. Two women were HBsAg positive. In the multivariate analysis, older age [OR 1.06 (CI 1.01-1.11), p = 0.011], North-Eastern European [OR 11.67 (3.29-41.30), p < 0.001] and African origin [OR 6.92 (CI 1.51-31.60), p = 0.013], and drug use [OR 6.55 (CI 1.96-21.9), p = 0.002] were risk factors for HBV exposure. Thirty-seven (32%) women had no history of HBV vaccination. Forty-four (38%) had an anti-HBs non-protective titer. In the multivariate analysis, North-Eastern European origin [OR 4.55 (CI 1.19-17.50), p = 0.027] was associated with unprotective anti-HBs titer. CONCLUSION Our results show both the low prevalence of HBV and protection in female prisoners. Age, North-Eastern European and African origin, and drug use have a role in exposure risk to HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Geremia
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ospedale Dell'Angelo, 30174 Venice, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ospedale Civile "S.S. Giovanni e Paolo", 30122 Venice, Italy
| | | | - Andrea De Vito
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- School in Biomedical Science, Biomedical Science Department, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Luca Martignago
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Vito Fiore
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Elena Rastrelli
- Medicina Protetta-Unit of Infectious Diseases, Belcolle Hospital, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Giordano Madeddu
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Starnini
- Medicina Protetta-Unit of Infectious Diseases, Belcolle Hospital, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Sandro Panese
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ospedale Dell'Angelo, 30174 Venice, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ospedale Civile "S.S. Giovanni e Paolo", 30122 Venice, Italy
| | - Sergio Babudieri
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Chaiear N, Krisorn P, Seehamoke C. A longitudinal study of hepatitis B surface antibody level after the accelerated vaccination protocol applied to health workers in a hospital of Thailand. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2023.101271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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4
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Ferri LP, Junqueira PDS, de Almeida MMS, Oliveira MG, de Oliveira BR, Diniz e Silva BV, Magalhães LS, Villar LM, Caetano KAA, Souza MM, Carneiro MADS, Martins RMB, Teles SA. Viral Hepatitis A, B and C in a Group of Transgender Women in Central Brazil. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:269. [PMID: 36288010 PMCID: PMC9610098 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7100269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgender women (TGW) have limited access to affordable viral hepatitis testing, hepatitis B vaccination, and treatment. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of viral hepatitis A, B, and C, as well as to compare the adherence and immunogenicity of two hepatitis B vaccine schedules among TGW in Central Brazil. A total of 440 TGW were interviewed and tested for hepatitis A, B, and C serological markers from 2017 to 2018. The hepatitis B vaccine was offered to 230 eligible TGW: 112 received a super accelerated hepatitis B vaccine schedule (G1) and 118 a standard schedule (G2). The antibody against the hepatitis A virus (HAV) was detected in 75.63% of the participants, and 12.3% of the TGW were exposed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Two (0.46%) participants were HBV carriers. Only 41.5% of the participants showed a serological profile of hepatitis B vaccination. The antibody against the hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was found in six participants (1.37%). Of the TGW who received the first vaccine dose, 62 (55.36%) and 49 (41.52%) in G1 and G2, respectively, received three doses (p = 0.036). The vaccine response was evaluated in 28 G1 and 22 G2 TGW; of these, 89.3% and 100% developed protective anti-hepatitis B surface-antigen titers, respectively (p = 0.113). Since one-third of younger transgender women are susceptible to HAV, hepatitis B immunization is low, and the anti-HCV rate is higher in this group than in the general population in Central Brazil, public-health attention is warranted. The super-accelerated scheme demonstrated better adhesion and good immunogenicity, suggesting that it would be a more cost-effective solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lívia Melo Villar
- Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Maria Souza
- Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
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Yao T, Wu Y, Dong S, Gao L, Shi S, Shao Z, Wu L, Feng D, Shi J, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Liang X, Wang S. Long-term durability of immunogenicity induced by standard and triple-dose hepatitis B vaccine in patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment. Expert Rev Vaccines 2020; 19:785-794. [PMID: 32815759 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2020.1813577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We explored the long-term immunogenicity induced by 60 μg and 20 μg hepatitis B vaccines among patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). METHODS In initial study, a randomized controlled trial was conducted, in which patients receiving MMT were administered 20 µg (IM20 group) or 60 µg (IM60 group) hepatitis B vaccines at months 0, 1, and 6. In this study, the responders at month 7 were followed-up at months 18, 30, and 42 to estimate long-term immunogenicity. RESULTS The response rate decreased from 78.0% (39/50) to 31.1% (14/45) in the IM20 group, and from 86.0% (43/50) to 50.0% (20/40) in the IM60 group from month 7 to 42. Vaccine-induced responses in 75% of patients were observed for 14.2 months in the IM20 group and for 20.0 months in the IM60 group, and differences between these two groups were non-significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The three-dose 20 µg and 60 µg hepatitis B vaccines showed similar rapid hepatitis B surface antibody decreases. Abbreviations: HBV, hepatitis B virus; MMT, methadone maintenance treatment; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; anti-HBs, hepatitis B surface antibody; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; GEE, generalized estimated equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yuanting Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Shuang Dong
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Linying Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Shan Shi
- Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinic, Nanning Red Cross Hospital , Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Zhihong Shao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Lina Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Dan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Yale School of Public Health , New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yongliang Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Liang
- Chinese Preventive Medicine Association , Beijing, PR China
| | - Suping Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
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Rezende GR, Lago BV, Puga MA, Bandeira LM, Pompilio MA, Castro V, Tanaka TS, Cesar GA, Oliveira S, Yassuda R, Simionatto S, Weis S, Basílio SF, Croda J, Motta-Castro A. Prevalence, incidence and associated factors for HBV infection among male and female prisoners in Central Brazil: A multicenter study. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 96:298-307. [PMID: 32315810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prison populations are at high risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, incidence, HBV associated factors and circulating genotypes/subtypes. METHODS A total of 3,368 prisoners from 12 closed prisons were randomly recruited for a cross-sectional study. In addition, a cohort study was conducted 12 months later and included 1,656 individuals. Participants underwent an interview and blood collection for the detection of HBV serological markers and HBV-DNA phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS HBV exposure (anti-HBc+) was 9.8% (95% CI: 8.8-10.8); 11.2% were female and 9.6% were male. HBsAg+ was 0.6%. Only 31.4% of the participants had HBV vaccination-like profile (anti-HBs+ alone; 30.4% male vs. 36.8% female; p=0.004). Most individuals were susceptible to HBV (60.2% female vs. 52.2% male, p=0.001). HBV isolates were classified as genotypes A (45.4%), D (27.3%) and F (27.3%). In males, HBV exposure was associated with increased age. Male prisoners had more evidence of HCV/HBV co-infection (10.7%) than females (3.4%) and the frequency of Treponema pallidum infection among prisoners who had been exposed to HBV was higher in female prisoners when compared with male (39.7% vs. 19.1%). The incidence of HBV was 0.18/100 person-years (95% CI: 0.12%-0.25%). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate a high prevalence of HBV exposure in prisoners. Despite the low incidence of this infection, the occurrence of new cases indicates the need to implement preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Rezende
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - B V Lago
- Fiocruz, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Immunobiological Technology Institute, Fiocruz, RJ, Brazil.
| | - M A Puga
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - L M Bandeira
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - M A Pompilio
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Vol Castro
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - T S Tanaka
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - G A Cesar
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Smvl Oliveira
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Rts Yassuda
- Division of Health, State Agency of the Administration of Prisons, MS, Brazil
| | - S Simionatto
- Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Sms Weis
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - S F Basílio
- Division of Health, State Agency of the Administration of Prisons, MS, Brazil
| | - J Croda
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Fiocruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil
| | - Arc Motta-Castro
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Fiocruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil.
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Tressler S, Bhandari R. Interventions to Increase Completion of Hepatitis B Vaccination in People who Inject Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz521. [PMID: 31890724 PMCID: PMC6929254 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Increases in opioid misuse and injection drug use have resulted in a rise in acute cases of hepatitis B. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies to determine the effect (pooled odds ratio) of interventions to increase hepatitis B vaccination completion in people who inject drugs (PWID). Odds ratios from the included studies were combined to create a pooled odds ratio (OR) using the Inverse Heterogeneity Model. Eleven studies met the eligibility criterion of having a randomized intervention to increase hepatitis B virus vaccination completion among PWID. The odds of vaccine completion in the intervention group were greater than in the control/comparison group (pooled OR, 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–5.99). Subgroup analysis indicated that financial incentives were most effective (OR, 7.01; 95% CI, 2.88–17.06), followed by accelerated vaccine schedules (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.14–3.14). Interventions using financial incentives and accelerated vaccine schedules are moderately effective at increasing hepatitis B vaccination completion in PWID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Tressler
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Correspondence: Stacy Tressler, MPH, Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506 ()
| | - Ruchi Bhandari
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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Moazen B, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Silbernagl MA, Lotfizadeh M, Bosworth RJ, Alammehrjerdi Z, Kinner SA, Wirtz AL, Bärnighausen TW, Stöver HJ, Dolan KA. Prevalence of Drug Injection, Sexual Activity, Tattooing, and Piercing Among Prison Inmates. Epidemiol Rev 2018; 40:58-69. [PMID: 29860343 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxy002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prisoners engage in a range of risk behaviors that can lead to the transmission of viral infections, such as HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. In this review, we summarize the epidemiologic literature from 2007 to 2017 on 4 key risk behaviors for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus among prisoners globally: drug injection, sexual activity, tattooing, and piercing. Of 9,303 peer-reviewed and 4,150 gray literature publications, 140 and 14, respectively, met inclusion criteria covering 53 countries (28%). Regions with high levels of injection drug use were Asia Pacific (20.2%), Eastern Europe and Central Asia (17.3%), and Latin America and the Caribbean (11.3%), although the confidence interval for Latin America was high. Low levels of injection drug use in prison were found in African regions. The highest levels of sexual activity in prison were in Europe and North America (12.1%) and West and Central Africa (13.6%); low levels were reported from the Middle East and North African regions (1.5%). High levels of tattooing were reported from Europe and North America (14.7%), Asia Pacific (21.4%), and Latin America (45.4%). Prisons are burdened with a high prevalence of infectious diseases and risk behaviors for transmission of these diseases, and, commonly, a striking lack of evidence-based infection control measures, even when such measures are available in the surrounding community. Given that most prisoners return to these communities, failure to implement effective responses has repercussions not only prisoner health but also for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Moazen
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Lotfizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.,Department of Community Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rebecca J Bosworth
- Program of International Research and Training, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zahra Alammehrjerdi
- Program of International Research and Training, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stuart A Kinner
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrea L Wirtz
- Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Till W Bärnighausen
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Heino J Stöver
- Department of Health and Social Work, Institute of Addiction Research
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Zurhold H, Stöver H. Provision of harm reduction and drug treatment services in custodial settings – Findings from the European ACCESS study. DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/09687637.2015.1112363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heike Zurhold
- Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany and
| | - Heino Stöver
- Fachhochschule Frankfurt/Main, Fachbereich 4, Soziale Arbeit und Gesundheit, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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10
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Jin H, Tan Z, Zhang X, Wang B, Zhao Y, Liu P. Comparison of Accelerated and Standard Hepatitis B Vaccination Schedules in High-Risk Healthy Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133464. [PMID: 26196903 PMCID: PMC4510064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selecting the most efficient vaccination schedule is an important issue. OBJECTIVE To assess the beneficial and harmful effects of accelerated hepatitis B vaccination schedules in high-risk healthy adults. METHODS We searched controlled trial registers of The Cochrane Library as well as MEDLINE, EMBASE, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for randomized controlled trials published up to December 2013 that compared accelerated hepatitis B vaccine schedules to the standard schedule in adults. The results were presented as relative risk with 95% confidence intervals. Fixed or random effect models were used for analysis. RESULTS We identified 10 randomized trials, all with one or more methodological weaknesses. Compared to the standard schedule, most accelerated schedules resulted in higher proportions of healthy vaccines more rapidly reaching anti-hepatitis B antibody levels >10 IU/L (P<0.05) initially and maintaining similar seroprotection rates after 6 months (P>0.05). Although accelerated schedules produced anti-hepatitis B levels higher than the standard schedule for the first month after the initial vaccine dose, they were significantly lower than the standard schedule after 6 months, except for an accelerated schedule that called for a fourth booster injection 12 months after the initial dose. Subjects administered accelerated vaccine schedules had similar compliance rate as those administered the standard schedule over the first 6 months of vaccination (relative risk = 1.00, 95% confidence interval: 0.84-1.21). CONCLUSION For rapid seroconversion and almost immediate short-term protection, accelerated vaccination schedules could be useful for at-risk groups. However, additional studies on the long-term protection and effectiveness of the primary doses of accelerated schedules are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoying Tan
- Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueyuan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Sequera VG, Valencia S, García-Basteiro AL, Marco A, Bayas JM. Vaccinations in prisons: A shot in the arm for community health. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 11:2615-26. [PMID: 26158401 PMCID: PMC4685700 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1051269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
From the first day of imprisonment, prisoners are exposed to and expose other prisoners to various communicable diseases, many of which are vaccine-preventable. The risk of acquiring these diseases during the prison sentence exceeds that of the general population. This excess risk may be explained by various causes; some due to the structural and logistical problems of prisons and others to habitual or acquired behaviors during imprisonment. Prison is, for many inmates, an opportunity to access health care, and is therefore an ideal opportunity to update adult vaccination schedules. The traditional idea that prisons are intended to ensure public safety should be complemented by the contribution they can make in improving community health, providing a more comprehensive vision of safety that includes public health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salomé Valencia
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Service; Hospital Clínic of Barcelona; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto L García-Basteiro
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB); Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Rossello, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saude de Manhiça (CISM); Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Andrés Marco
- Health Services of Barcelona Men's Penitentiary Center; Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Bayas
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Service; Hospital Clínic of Barcelona; Barcelona, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB); Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Rossello, Barcelona, Spain
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Kouyoumdjian FG, McIsaac KE, Liauw J, Green S, Karachiwalla F, Siu W, Burkholder K, Binswanger I, Kiefer L, Kinner SA, Korchinski M, Matheson FI, Young P, Hwang SW. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of interventions to improve the health of persons during imprisonment and in the year after release. Am J Public Health 2015; 105:e13-33. [PMID: 25713970 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials of interventions to improve the health of people during imprisonment or in the year after release. We searched 14 biomedical and social science databases in 2014, and identified 95 studies. Most studies involved only men or a majority of men (70/83 studies in which gender was specified); only 16 studies focused on adolescents. Most studies were conducted in the United States (n = 57). The risk of bias for outcomes in almost all studies was unclear or high (n = 91). In 59 studies, interventions led to improved mental health, substance use, infectious diseases, or health service utilization outcomes; in 42 of these studies, outcomes were measured in the community after release. Improving the health of people who experience imprisonment requires knowledge generation and knowledge translation, including implementation of effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona G Kouyoumdjian
- Fiona G. Kouyoumdjian, Kathryn E. McIsaac, Flora I. Matheson, and Stephen W. Hwang are with the Centre for Research on Inner City Health, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario. Jessica Liauw is with McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario. Samantha Green is with the Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto. Fareen Karachiwalla, Winnie Siu, Kaite Burkholder, and Lori Kiefer were with the Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario. Ingrid Binswanger is with the School of Medicine and Denver Health Medical Center, University of Colorado, Aurora and Denver. Stuart A. Kinner is with the School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia. Mo Korchinski and Pam Young are with the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
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13
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Rapid immunization scheme for spouses of individuals estabilished as hepatitis B carriers during premarital tests. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:843134. [PMID: 23304191 PMCID: PMC3530868 DOI: 10.1155/2012/843134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to monitor the cases identified as hepatitis B carriers during premarital tests, to vaccinate their prospective spouses with a rapid vaccination scheme, and to compare the anti-HBs responses with the traditional vaccination scheme. METHODS Blood samples of 1250 couple spouses were tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs. HBsAg positive cases' fiancées which were found HBV negative were administered a rapid three-dose vaccination scheme on days 0, 7, and 21. Forty controls with similar age and gender were also were administered three doses of the same vaccine. RESULTS Out of 1250 cases (625 couples), 46 (3.6%) were HBsAg positive, and 40 of them aged between 18 and 39 were admitted to the rapid vaccination program. CONCLUSION Upon determination of HBsAg positivity in premarital tests, a rapid vaccination program provides early protection, but the 6th and 12th month vaccinations are also required. Anti-HBs response should be monitored.
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14
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Salehi M, Alavian SM, Tabatabaei SV, Izadi S, Sanei Moghaddam E, Amini Kafi-abad S, Gharehbaghian A, Khosravi S, Abolghasemi H. Seroepidemiology of HBV infection in South-East of iran; a population based study. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2012; 14:283-8. [PMID: 22829987 PMCID: PMC3398635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma affecting billions of people globally. Since information on its prevalence in general population is mandatory for formulating effective policies, this population based serological survey was conducted in Sistan and Baluchistan, where no previous epidemiological data were available. METHODS Using random cluster sampling 3989 healthy subjects were selected from 9 districts of Sistan and Baluchistan Province in southeastern Iran. The subjects' age ranged from 6 to 65 years old. Serum samples were tested for HBcAb, HBsAg. Screening tests were carried out by the third generation of ELISA. Various risk factors were recorded and multivariate analysis was performed. RESULTS The prevalence of HBsAg and HBcAb in Sistan and Baluchistan was 3.38% (95% CI 2.85; 3.98) and 23.58% (95% CI 22.29; 24.93) respectively. We found 8 cases of positive anti-HDV antibody. Predictors of HBsAg or HBcAb in multivariate analysis were age, marital status and addiction. CONCLUSION The rate of HBV infection in Sistan and Baluchistan was higher than other parts of Iran. Approximately 25% of general population in this province had previous exposure to HBV and 3% were HBsAg carriers. Intrafamilial and addiction were major routes of HBV transmission in this province.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Salehi
- Research Center for Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - S M Alavian
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,,Correspondence: Seyed Moayed Alavian, MD, Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Ground floor of Baqiyatallah Hospital, Mollasadra Ave., Vanak Sq., P.O.Box 14155-3651, Tehran, Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88067114, Fax: +98-21-88067114, E-mail:
| | - S V Tabatabaei
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, St.-Marien-Hospital GmbH, Gastroenterologishe Klinik, Lünen, Germany
| | - Sh Izadi
- Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Zahedan, Iran
| | - E Sanei Moghaddam
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Zahedan, Iran
| | - S Amini Kafi-abad
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Gharehbaghian
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Khosravi
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Abolghasemi
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Alavian SM. Accelerated vaccination against HBV infection is an important strategy for the control of HBV infection in prisons. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2012; 44:652; author reply 653. [PMID: 22031090 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822011000500030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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