1
|
Shah SA, Amarikwa L, Sears CM, Clauss KD, Rajjoub RD, Kang JY, Tamhankar MA, Briceño CA, Harrison AR, Dosiou C, Cockerham KP, Wester ST, Douglas RS, Kossler AL. Teprotumumab-Related Adverse Events in Thyroid Eye Disease: A Multicenter Study. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:458-467. [PMID: 37852417 PMCID: PMC10960718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the duration, incidence, reversibility, and severity of adverse events (AEs) in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) treated with teprotumumab. DESIGN Multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Patients with TED of all stages and activity levels treated with at least 4 infusions of teprotumumab. METHODS Patients were treated with teprotumumab between February 2020 and October 2022 at 6 tertiary centers. Adverse event metrics were recorded at each visit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes measure was AE incidence and onset. Secondary outcome measures included AE severity, AE reversibility, AE duration, proptosis response, clinical activity score (CAS) reduction, and Gorman diplopia score improvement. RESULTS The study evaluated 131 patients. Proptosis improved by 2 mm or more in 77% of patients (101/131), with average proptosis improvement of 3.0 ± 2.1 mm and average CAS reduction of 3.2 points. Gorman diplopia score improved by at least 1 point for 50% of patients (36/72) with baseline diplopia. Adverse events occurred in 81.7% of patients (107/131). Patients experienced a median of 4 AEs. Most AEs were mild (74.0% [97/131]), 28.2% (37/131) were moderate, and 8.4% (11/131) were severe. Mean interval AE onset was 7.9 weeks after the first infusion. Mean resolved AE duration was 17.6 weeks. Forty-six percent of patients (60/131) demonstrated at least 1 persistent AE at last follow-up. Mean follow-up was 70.2 ± 38.5 weeks after the first infusion. The most common type of AEs was musculoskeletal (58.0% [76/131]), followed by gastrointestinal (38.2% [50/131]), skin (38.2% [50/131]), ear and labyrinth (30.5% [40/131]), nervous system (20.6% [27/131]), metabolic (15.3% [20/131]), and reproductive system (12.2% [16/131]). Sixteen patients (12.2%) discontinued therapy because of AEs, including hearing loss (n = 4), inflammatory bowel disease flare (n = 2), hyperglycemia (n = 1), muscle spasms (n = 1), and multiple AEs (n = 8). CONCLUSIONS Adverse events are commonly reported while receiving teprotumumab treatment. Most are mild and reversible; however, serious AEs can occur and may warrant treatment cessation. Treating physicians should inform patients about AE risk, properly screen patients before treatment, monitor patients closely throughout therapy, and understand how to manage AEs should they develop. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shreya A Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Linus Amarikwa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Connie M Sears
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Kevin D Clauss
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Raneem D Rajjoub
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Madhura A Tamhankar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - César A Briceño
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew R Harrison
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Chrysoula Dosiou
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | | | - Sara T Wester
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Raymond S Douglas
- Division of Ophthalmology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Andrea L Kossler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lammers MJW, Young E, Yanai A, Viringipurampeer IA, Le TN, Straatman LV, Westerberg BD, Gregory-Evans K. IGF-1 Mediated Neuroprotective Effects of Olfactory-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Auditory Hair Cells. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 53:19160216241258431. [PMID: 38888945 PMCID: PMC11177734 DOI: 10.1177/19160216241258431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capability of providing ongoing paracrine support to degenerating tissues. Since MSCs can be extracted from a broad range of tissues, their specific surface marker profiles and growth factor secretions can be different. We hypothesized that MSCs derived from different sources might also have different neuroprotective potential. OBJECTIVE In this study, we extracted MSCs from rodent olfactory mucosa and compared their neuroprotective effects on auditory hair cell survival with MSCs extracted from rodent adipose tissue. METHODS Organ of Corti explants were dissected from 41 cochlea and incubated with olfactory mesenchymal stem cells (OMSCs) and adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs). After 72 hours, Corti explants were fixed, stained, and hair cells counted. Growth factor concentrations were determined in the supernatant and cell lysate using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RESULTS Co-culturing of organ of Corti explants with OMSCs resulted in a significant increase in inner and outer hair cell stereocilia survival, compared to control. Comparisons between both stem cell lines, showed that co-culturing with OMSCs resulted in superior inner and outer hair cell stereocilia survival rates over co-culturing with AMSCs. Assessment of growth factor secretions revealed that the OMSCs secrete significant amounts of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Co-culturing OMSCs with organ of Corti explants resulted in a 10-fold increase in IGF-1 level compared to control, and their secretion was 2 to 3 times higher compared to the AMSCs. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that OMSCs may mitigate auditory hair cell stereocilia degeneration. Their neuroprotective effects may, at least partially, be ascribed to their enhanced IGF-1 secretory abilities compared to AMSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc J. W. Lammers
- BC Rotary Hearing and Balance Centre at St. Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emily Young
- BC Rotary Hearing and Balance Centre at St. Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anat Yanai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ishaq A. Viringipurampeer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Trung N. Le
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Louise V. Straatman
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Brian D. Westerberg
- BC Rotary Hearing and Balance Centre at St. Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kevin Gregory-Evans
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kay-Rivest E, Belinsky I, Kozlova A, Byrd E, McMenomey SO, Jethanamest D. Prospective Assessment of Otologic Adverse Events due to Teprotumumab: Preliminary Results. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 168:1164-1169. [PMID: 36939482 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess a series of patients receiving teprotumumab therapy and objectively quantify the rates of otologic adverse events. STUDY DESIGN A prospective cohort study of adult patients receiving teprotumumab between May 2020 and January 2022. SETTING Tertiary referral center. METHODS Prior to treatment initiation, an ototoxicity-specific audiometric battery was completed, which included conventional audiometry (frequencies 250-8000 Hz), ultrahigh-frequency audiometry (9000-20,000 Hz), tympanometry, speech discrimination scores, and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Testing was then repeated after treatment completion. RESULTS In total, 35 patients were recruited, with a median (range) age of 48.5 years (21-74), and 8 (22.8%) were male. The most common subjective symptom reported was a hearing decline (25.7%), followed by aural fullness (17.1%) and tinnitus (14.3%). Fourteen patients had both pre- and posttreatment audiometric data. Among them, 3 patients (21.4%) were found to have changes in standard frequency audiometry, and 10 (71.4%) had changes in high-frequency audiometry, with 2 patients having changes in both. Less than half (n = 5) of the 11 patients with changes in standard or high-frequency pure tone hearing noted subjective hearing decline. Changes in DPOAE were noted in 4 patients out of 13 (30.7%). Two patients discontinued treatment due to hearing decline. Finally, 3 patients (8.6%) were diagnosed with patulous eustachian tube (PET) by an otolaryngologist, and another 3 patients are suspected to have PET based on symptom description during ophthalmologic follow-up. CONCLUSION In our cohort, a high incidence of otologic symptoms was found to be associated with teprotumumab usage. Subjective hearing decline, changes in ultrahigh-frequency hearing as well as eustachian tube dysfunction may be encountered and suggest the potential ototoxicity of teprotumumab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kay-Rivest
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Irina Belinsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anna Kozlova
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erin Byrd
- Department of Audiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sean O McMenomey
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Jethanamest
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Malfeld K, Armbrecht N, Pich A, Volk HA, Lenarz T, Scheper V. Prevention of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss In Vivo: Continuous Application of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 and Its Effect on Inner Ear Synapses, Auditory Function and Perilymph Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010291. [PMID: 36613734 PMCID: PMC9820558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a leading cause of occupational diseases, there is an urgent need for the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions. To avoid user-compliance-based problems occurring with conventional protection devices, the pharmacological prevention is currently in the focus of hearing research. Noise exposure leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cochlea. This way antioxidant agents are a promising option for pharmacological interventions. Previous animal studies reported preventive as well as therapeutic effects of Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the context of NIHL. Unfortunately, in patients the time point of the noise trauma cannot always be predicted, and additive effects may occur. Therefore, continuous prevention seems to be beneficial. The present study aimed to investigate the preventive potential of continuous administration of low concentrations of IGF-1 to the inner ear in an animal model of NIHL. Guinea pigs were unilaterally implanted with an osmotic minipump. One week after surgery they received noise trauma, inducing a temporary threshold shift. Continuous IGF-1 delivery lasted for seven more days. It did not lead to significantly improved hearing thresholds compared to control animals. Quite the contrary, there is a hint for a higher noise susceptibility. Nevertheless, changes in the perilymph proteome indicate a reduced damage and better repair mechanisms through the IGF-1 treatment. Thus, future studies should investigate delivery methods enabling continuous prevention but reducing the risk of an overdosage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Malfeld
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nina Armbrecht
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Pich
- Core Facility Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger A. Volk
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Lenarz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Hearing4all”, German Research Foundation (DFG; “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft”), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Verena Scheper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Hearing4all”, German Research Foundation (DFG; “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft”), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bieniussa L, Kahraman B, Skornicka J, Schulte A, Voelker J, Jablonka S, Hagen R, Rak K. Pegylated Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 attenuates Hair Cell Loss and promotes Presynaptic Maintenance of Medial Olivocochlear Cholinergic Fibers in the Cochlea of the Progressive Motor Neuropathy Mouse. Front Neurol 2022; 13:885026. [PMID: 35720065 PMCID: PMC9203726 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.885026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The progressive motor neuropathy (PMN) mouse is a model of an inherited motor neuropathy disease with progressive neurodegeneration. Axon degeneration associates with homozygous mutations of the TBCE gene encoding the tubulin chaperone E protein. TBCE is responsible for the correct dimerization of alpha and beta-tubulin. Strikingly, the PMN mouse also develops a progressive hearing loss after normal hearing onset, characterized by degeneration of the auditory nerve and outer hair cell (OHC) loss. However, the development of this neuronal and cochlear pathology is not fully understood yet. Previous studies with pegylated insulin-like growth factor 1 (peg-IGF-1) treatment in this mouse model have been shown to expand lifespan, weight, muscle strength, and motor coordination. Accordingly, peg-IGF-1 was evaluated for an otoprotective effect. We investigated the effect of peg-IGF-1 on the auditory system by treatment starting at postnatal day 15 (p15). Histological analysis revealed positive effects on OHC synapses of medial olivocochlear (MOC) neuronal fibers and a short-term attenuation of OHC loss. Peg-IGF-1 was able to conditionally restore the disorganization of OHC synapses and maintain the provision of cholinergic acetyltransferase in presynapses. To assess auditory function, frequency-specific auditory brainstem responses and distortion product otoacoustic emissions were recorded in animals on p21 and p28. However, despite the positive effect on MOC fibers and OHC, no restoration of hearing could be achieved. The present work demonstrates that the synaptic pathology of efferent MOC fibers in PMN mice represents a particular form of “efferent auditory neuropathy.” Peg-IGF-1 showed an otoprotective effect by preventing the degeneration of OHCs and efferent synapses. However, enhanced efforts are needed to optimize the treatment to obtain detectable improvements in hearing performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Bieniussa
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Baran Kahraman
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Skornicka
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Annemarie Schulte
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Voelker
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sibylle Jablonka
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Hagen
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kristen Rak
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kristen Rak
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sears CM, Azad AD, Amarikwa L, Pham BH, Men CJ, Kaplan DN, Liu J, Hoffman AR, Swanson A, Alyono J, Lee JY, Dosiou C, Kossler AL. Hearing Dysfunction After Treatment With Teprotumumab for Thyroid Eye Disease. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 240:1-13. [PMID: 35227694 PMCID: PMC9308628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize the frequency, severity, and resolution of hearing dysfunction in patients treated with teprotumumab for thyroid eye disease (TED). DESIGN Prospective observational case series. METHODS Ophthalmic examination and adverse event assessment, including otologic symptoms, were performed at baseline, after infusions 2, 4, and 8, and at 6-month follow-up in consecutive patients who received at least 4 teprotumumab infusions. Laboratory test results were collected at baseline and during treatment. Audiometry, patulous eustachian tube (PET) testing, and otolaryngology evaluation were obtained for patients with new or worsening otologic symptoms, with a subset obtaining baseline and posttreatment testing. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients were analyzed (24 females, 3 males, average 56.3 years old). Twenty-two patients (81.5%) developed new subjective otologic symptoms, after a mean of 3.8 infusions (SD 1.8). At 39.2-week average follow-up after the last infusion, most patients with tinnitus (100%), ear plugging/fullness (90.9%), and autophony (83.3%) experienced symptom resolution, whereas only 45.5% (5 of 11) of patients with subjective hearing loss/decreased word comprehension experienced resolution. Six patients underwent baseline and posttreatment audiometry, 5 of whom developed teprotumumab-related sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and 1 patient also developed PET. Three of the 5 patients with teprotumumab-related SNHL had persistent subjective hearing loss at last follow-up. A prior history of hearing loss was discovered as a risk factor for teprotumumab-related SNHL (P = .008). CONCLUSIONS Hearing loss is a concerning adverse event of teprotumumab, and its mechanism and reversibility should be further studied. Until risk factors for hearing loss are better understood, we recommend baseline audiometry with PET testing and repeat testing if new otologic symptoms develop. Screening, monitoring, and prevention guidelines are needed.
Collapse
|
7
|
He L, Wang GP, Guo JY, Chen ZR, Liu K, Gong SS. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Participates in the Formation of Vestibular Flat Epithelium. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:809878. [PMID: 34975404 PMCID: PMC8719593 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.809878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The vestibular sensory epithelium of humans and mice may degenerate into a layer of flat cells, known as flat epithelium (FE), after a severe lesion. However, the pathogenesis of vestibular FE remains unclear. To determine whether the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) participates in the formation of vestibular FE, we used a well-established mouse model in which FE was induced in the utricle by an injection of streptomycin into the inner ear. The mesenchymal and epithelial cell markers and cell proliferation were examined using immunofluorescence staining and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The function of the EMT was assessed through transcriptome microarray analysis. The results demonstrated that mesenchymal cell markers (α-SMA, S100A4, vimentin, and Fn1) were upregulated in vestibular FE compared with the normal utricle. Robust cell proliferation, which was absent in the normal status, was observed in the formation of FE. Microarray analysis identified 1,227 upregulated and 962 downregulated genes in vestibular FE. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were highly associated with several EMT-related GO terms, such as cell adhesion, cell migration, and extracellular matrix. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were enriched in the EMT-related signaling pathways, including extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and cell adhesion molecule. Protein–protein interaction networks screened 20 hub genes, which were Akt, Casp3, Col1a1, Col1a2, Fn1, Hgf, Igf1,Il1b, Irs1, Itga2, Itga5, Jun, Mapk1, Myc, Nras, Pdgfrb, Tgfb1, Thbs1, Trp53, and Col2a1. Most of these genes are reportedly involved in the EMT process in various tissues. The mRNA expression level of hub genes was validated using qRT-PCR. In conclusion, the present study indicates that EMT plays a significant role in the formation of vestibular FE and provides an overview of transcriptome characteristics in vestibular FE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Peng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Ying Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Rui Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Vestibular hair cells are mechanosensory receptors that are capable of detecting changes in head position and thereby allow animals to maintain their posture and coordinate their movement. Vestibular hair cells are susceptible to ototoxic drugs, aging, and genetic factors that can lead to permanent vestibular dysfunction. Vestibular dysfunction mainly results from the injury of hair cells, which are located in the vestibular sensory epithelium. This review summarizes the mechanisms of different factors causing vestibular hair cell damage and therapeutic strategies to protect vestibular hair cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luoying Jiang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhiwei Zheng
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yingzi He
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Santos-Carvalho HA, Aguiar-Oliveira MH, Salvatori R, Valença EHO, Andrade-Guimarães AL, Palanch-Repeke CE, Moreira-Cândido LP, Araújo-Daniel CR, de Oliveira-Barreto AC, Andrade BMR, Oliveira AHA, Vieira ER, Gois-Junior MB. Vestibular function in severe GH deficiency due to an inactivating mutation in the GH-releasing hormone receptor gene. Endocrine 2020; 67:659-664. [PMID: 31902114 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-02178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Body balance involves the vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive systems. IGF-I is a GH-dependent key factor in the development and postnatal differentiation of the inner ear in mice and men, but its role in the vestibular function in adult humans is unknown. We have previously described a cohort of individuals with severe isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) caused by a mutation in the GHRH receptor (GHRHR) gene. These individuals complain of dizziness, exhibit mild sensorineural loss, but have normal postural balance, without increase in falls risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate their vestibular function. METHODS We performed physical examination (clinical head impulse and Fukuda dynamic stepping test), oculomotor (saccadic eye movements, spontaneous, semi-spontaneous and opotokinetic nystagmus, and pendular tracking) and caloric stimulation (postcaloric reflex and ocular fixation index) tests, in 15 GH-naïve IGHD (seven males) and 15 controls (five males). RESULTS IGHD subjects showed lower height and weight, with similar BMI to controls, and higher number of individuals with abnormal clinical head impulse test and abnormal oculomotor tests, namely the saccadic movements and the spontaneous nystagmus. There was a nonsignificant trend in abnormalities in the Fukuda stepping test and postcaloric reflex test. CONCLUSIONS Adult untreated IGHD individuals have higher prevalence of moderate peripheral vestibular impairment, and of abnormal vestibular-ocular reflex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A Santos-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Motor Control and Body Balance, Center for Health Science Research, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Sergipe, The GREAT Group (Grupo de Estudos em Atividade Física), Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Salvatori
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Eugênia H O Valença
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil
| | - Alana L Andrade-Guimarães
- Laboratory of Motor Control and Body Balance, Center for Health Science Research, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Sergipe, The GREAT Group (Grupo de Estudos em Atividade Física), Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Palanch-Repeke
- Laboratory of Motor Control and Body Balance, Center for Health Science Research, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil
| | - Luan P Moreira-Cândido
- Laboratory of Motor Control and Body Balance, Center for Health Science Research, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Araújo-Daniel
- Department of Statistic and Actuarial Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Aline C de Oliveira-Barreto
- Laboratory of Motor Control and Body Balance, Center for Health Science Research, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil
| | - Bruna M R Andrade
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil
| | - Alaide H A Oliveira
- Dentistry Division, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil
| | - Edgar R Vieira
- Department of Physical Therapy and Neuroscience, Wertheims' College of Nursing and Health Science, Florida International University, Florida City, FL, USA
| | - Miburge B Gois-Junior
- Laboratory of Motor Control and Body Balance, Center for Health Science Research, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Sergipe, The GREAT Group (Grupo de Estudos em Atividade Física), Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Statistic and Actuarial Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Álvarez-Nava F, Racines-Orbe M, Witt J, Guarderas J, Vicuña Y, Estévez M, Lanes R. Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adult Patients with Turner Syndrome. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2020; 13:25-35. [PMID: 32021381 PMCID: PMC6971290 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s229828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disorder associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The frequency of each component of MetS in Turner syndrome (TS) subjects is high. An elevated incidence of hearing loss has also been reported in TS. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) affects at least half of young women with TS. The association between MetS and SNHL has not been previously considered in TS. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between these two conditions. Patients and Methods Cross-sectional anthropometric, cardio-metabolic and audiological data were obtained from a cohort consisting of unrelated TS subjects (>20 years of age; n = 93). Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Types and severity of hearing loss were based on the American Speech Hearing Association guidelines. Results Hearing loss was detected in 74% of ears from adult TS subjects and SNHL was observed in half of our TS subjects. The prevalence of MetS in TS subjects with or without SNHL was 64% and 11%, respectively (P < 0.05). After adjusting for age, MetS was related to a ninefold increase in the odds of SNHL. This odds increased in a stepwise manner as the number of MetS components increased. Conclusion MetS and its individual components were associated factors for SNHL in TS subjects. A reduction in the number and severity of the components of MetS might potentially contribute to decreasing the progression of SNHL at younger ages, but further studies will be needed to explain the underlying pathological mechanism connecting MetS and SNHL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Álvarez-Nava
- Biological Sciences School, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.,Institute of Genetic Research, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Marcia Racines-Orbe
- Institute of Biomedicine Research, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Julia Witt
- Biological Sciences School, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jéssica Guarderas
- Biological Sciences School, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Yosselin Vicuña
- Institute of Biomedicine Research, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - María Estévez
- Ecuadorian Foundation in Support of Turner Syndrome, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Roberto Lanes
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Hospital De Clinicas Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paulsen AJ, Cruickshanks KJ, Pinto A, Schubert CR, Dalton DS, Fischer ME, Klein BEK, Klein R, Tsai MY, Tweed TS. Neuroprotective factors and incident hearing impairment in the epidemiology of hearing loss study. Laryngoscope 2019; 129:2178-2183. [PMID: 30698838 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hearing impairment (HI) is common in aging adults. Aldosterone, insulin-like growth factor (IGF1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been identified as potentially protective of hearing. The present study aims to investigate these relationships. METHODS The Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study is a longitudinal population-based study of aging in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, that began in 1993. Baseline for the present investigation is the 1998 to 2000 phase. Follow-up exams occurred approximately every 5 years, with the most recent occurring from 2013 to 2016. Hearing was measured by pure-tone audiometry. HI was defined as a pure tone average (PTA) > 25 decibels hearing level in either ear. Change in PTA was the difference between follow-up examinations and baseline. Baseline serum samples were used to measure biomarkers in 2017. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the effect of biomarker levels in the lowest quintile (Q1) versus the highest (Q5) on incident HI and PTA change. RESULTS There were 1,088 participants (69.3% women) at risk of HI included in analyses. The mean baseline age was 63.8 years (standard deviation = 7.0). The 16-year incidence of HI was 54.9% and was higher in men (61.1%) than women (52.1%). In age- and sex-adjusted models, aldosterone (HR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.82-1.37), IGF1 (HR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.71-1.19), and BDNF (HR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.66-1.12) levels were not associated with risk of HI. PTA change was similarly not affected by biomarker levels. CONCLUSION Aldosterone, IGF1, and BDNF were not associated with decreased risk of age-related hearing loss in this study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2b Laryngoscope, 129:2178-2183, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Paulsen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Karen J Cruickshanks
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Alex Pinto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Carla R Schubert
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Dayna S Dalton
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mary E Fischer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Barbara E K Klein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ronald Klein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School-Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A
| | - Ted S Tweed
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Muus JS, Weir FW, Kreicher KL, Bowlby DA, Discolo CM, Meyer TA. Hearing loss in children with growth hormone deficiency. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 100:107-113. [PMID: 28802353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) has been shown to be important for inner-ear development in animal models, little is known about the otologic and audiologic findings of children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). The goal of this study is to evaluate the prevalence, type, and severity of hearing impairment in children with GHD. METHODS Audiologic, otologic, and demographic data were recorded for children with a diagnosis of GHD in the AudGen database. Data for each patient were selected based on the first encounter with available complete audiometric data or the first encounter with a type of hearing loss documented. The patients were then stratified by type and severity of hearing loss, and otologic issues were documented. A separate cohort comprised of children with GHD without hearing loss was compared as a control. RESULTS 209 children with GHD met inclusion criteria. 173 (83%) of these patients had hearing loss. 79% of losses were bilateral and 21% were unilateral (309 total ears with hearing loss). 293 of the 309 ears with hearing loss had audiograms with ear-specific thresholds; 47 had conductive, 24 had sensorineural, 65 had mixed and 157 had undefined hearing loss with incomplete audiograms. Pure-tone averages (PTA) were higher among patients with mixed hearing loss compared to patients with all other loss types. CONCLUSION Hearing loss is prevalent in children with GHD with a predisposition to be bilateral. These findings suggest the need for increased awareness and routine hearing screening for patients with GHD. Further studies may elucidate the etiology of the hearing impairment in children with GHD to better aid pediatricians, endocrinologists, otolaryngologists and audiologists when assessing and managing these children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John S Muus
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Forest W Weir
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Kathryn L Kreicher
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Deborah A Bowlby
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Christopher M Discolo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Ted A Meyer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cherian KE, Kapoor N, Mathews SS, Paul TV. Endocrine Glands and Hearing: Auditory Manifestations of Various Endocrine and Metabolic Conditions. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2017; 21:464-469. [PMID: 28553606 PMCID: PMC5434734 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_10_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aetiology of hearing loss in humans is multifactorial. Besides genetic, environmental and infectious causes, several endocrine and metabolic abnormalities are associated with varying degrees of hearing impairment. The pattern of hearing loss may be conductive, sensori-neural or mixed. The neurophysiology of hearing as well as the anatomical structure of the auditory system may be influenced by changes in the hormonal and metabolic milieu. Optimal management of these conditions requires the integrated efforts of the otolaryngologist and the endocrinologist. The presence of hearing loss especially in the young age group should prompt the clinician to explore the possibility of an associated endocrine or metabolic disorder for timely referral and early initiation of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kripa Elizabeth Cherian
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nitin Kapoor
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suma Susan Mathews
- Department of ENT, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thomas Vizhalil Paul
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sculpting the labyrinth: Morphogenesis of the developing inner ear. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 65:47-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
15
|
Goodrich LV. Early Development of the Spiral Ganglion. THE PRIMARY AUDITORY NEURONS OF THE MAMMALIAN COCHLEA 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3031-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
16
|
Fettiplace MR, Weinberg G. Past, Present, and Future of Lipid Resuscitation Therapy. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2015; 39:72S-83S. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607115595979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Fettiplace
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Research & Development Service, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guy Weinberg
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Research & Development Service, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yoshida S, Sugahara K, Hashimoto M, Hirose Y, Shimogori H, Yamashita H. The minimum peptides of IGF-1 and substance P protect vestibular hair cells against neomycin ototoxicity. Acta Otolaryngol 2015; 135:411-5. [PMID: 25739461 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2014.979438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that SSSR and SSSR + FGLM-NH2 protect sensory hair cells against neomycin-induced death in the vestibular epithelium. In addition, the results show that SSSR and FGLM-NH2 can be used as protective molecules against aminoglycoside ototoxicity. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the role of the peptides SSSR and SSSR + FGLM-NH2 in mammalian vestibular hair cell death induced by aminoglycoside. METHODS Cultured utricles from mature CBA/N mice were used in this study. The cultured utricles were assigned to five groups (control group, neomycin group, neomycin + SSSR group, neomycin + FGLM-NH2 group, and neomycin + SSSR + FGLM-NH2 group). Aat 24 h after exposure to neomycin, the hair cells were labeled immunohistochemically, and the rate of survival of vestibular hair cells was evaluated using a fluorescence microscope. RESULTS The rate of survival of vestibular hair cells was significantly higher in the neomycin + SSSR and neomycin + SSSR + FGLM-NH2 groups than in the neomycin group. The results suggest that SSSR could protect hair cells against aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Yoshida
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine , Ube, Yamaguchi , Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Interplay of proliferation and proapoptotic and antiapoptotic factors is revealed in the early human inner ear development. Otol Neurotol 2014; 35:695-703. [PMID: 24622024 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Spatiotemporal interplay of factors controlling proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis within the developing human inner ear is essential for labyrinth morphogenesis and development of vestibular and cochlear functions. BACKGROUND Studies on the early human inner ear development are scarce and insufficient. METHODS The immunolocalization of Ki-67, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and IGF-1 was analyzed in 6 human inner ears, 5 to 10 gestational weeks old. Statistical data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS During the analyzed period, the otocyst has transformed into cochlear duct and saccule ventrally and semicircular canals and utricle dorsally. Initial differentiation of sensorineural fields characterized organ of Corti, maculae, and cristae ampullares. Intense (50%) and evenly distributed proliferation Ki-67 in the otocyst decreased to 24% to 30% and became spatially restricted within the membranous labyrinth epithelium. Simultaneously, expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein increased in sensorineural fields of organ of Corti, macula, and crista ampullaris. Throughout the investigated period, apoptotic caspase-3 positive cells were mainly distributed at the luminal and basal surfaces of labyrinth epithelium. An inhibitor of apoptosis IGF-1 co-expressed with Bcl-2 and increased in the sensorineural fields with advancing development. CONCLUSION The described expression pattern indicates roles for cell proliferation in the growth of the inner ear and Bcl-2 in differentiation of sensorineural fields and protection from apoptosis. Both IGF-1-and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis seem to contribute to proper morphogenesis, differentiation, and innervations of sensorineural fields within the cochlea, semicircular canals, saccule, and utricle. Alterations in spatiotemporal interplay of investigated factors might lead to disturbances of vestibular and cochlear function.
Collapse
|
19
|
Fuentes-Santamaría V, Alvarado JC, Rodríguez-de la Rosa L, Murillo-Cuesta S, Contreras J, Juiz JM, Varela-Nieto I. IGF-1 deficiency causes atrophic changes associated with upregulation of VGluT1 and downregulation of MEF2 transcription factors in the mouse cochlear nuclei. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 221:709-34. [PMID: 25378055 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a neurotrophic protein that plays a crucial role in modulating neuronal function and synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. Mice lacking the Igf1 gene exhibit profound deafness and multiple anomalies in the inner ear and spiral ganglion. An issue that remains unknown is whether, in addition to these peripheral abnormalities, IGF-1 deficiency also results in structural changes along the central auditory pathway that may contribute to an imbalance between excitation and inhibition, which might be reflected in abnormal auditory brainstem responses (ABR). To assess such a possibility, we evaluated the morphological and physiological alterations in the cochlear nucleus complex of the adult mouse. The expression and distribution of the vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGluT1) and the vesicular inhibitory transporter (VGAT), which were used as specific markers for labeling excitatory and inhibitory terminals, and the involvement of the activity-dependent myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factors in regulating excitatory synapses were assessed in a 4-month-old mouse model of IGF-1 deficiency and neurosensorial deafness (Igf1 (-/-) homozygous null mice). The results demonstrate decreases in the cochlear nucleus area and cell size along with cell loss in the cochlear nuclei of the deficient mouse. Additionally, our results demonstrate that there is upregulation of VGluT1, but not VGAT, immunostaining and downregulation of MEF2 transcription factors together with increased wave II amplitude in the ABR recording. Our observations provide evidence of an abnormal neuronal cytoarchitecture in the cochlear nuclei of Igf1 (-/-) null mice and suggest that the increased efficacy of glutamatergic synapses might be mediated by MEF2 transcription factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Fuentes-Santamaría
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Albacete, Spain.
| | - J C Alvarado
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Albacete, Spain
| | - L Rodríguez-de la Rosa
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Albacete. C/Almansa, 14, 02006, Albacete, Spain
| | - S Murillo-Cuesta
- Grupo de Neurobiología de la Audición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ Instituto de Investigación en Salud, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Contreras
- Grupo de Neurobiología de la Audición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ Instituto de Investigación en Salud, Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Juiz
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Albacete, Spain
| | - I Varela-Nieto
- Grupo de Neurobiología de la Audición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ Instituto de Investigación en Salud, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li J, Wu P, Liu Y, Wang D, Cheng CH. Temporal and spatial expression of the four Igf ligands and two Igf type 1 receptors in zebrafish during early embryonic development. Gene Expr Patterns 2014; 15:104-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
21
|
Prado-Barreto VM, Salvatori R, Santos Júnior RC, Brandão-Martins MB, Correa EA, Garcez FB, Valença EHO, Souza AHO, Pereira RMC, Nunes MAP, D'Avila JS, Aguiar-Oliveira MH. Hearing status in adult individuals with lifetime, untreated isolated growth hormone deficiency. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014; 150:464-71. [PMID: 24398366 DOI: 10.1177/0194599813517987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hearing status of growth hormone (GH)-naive adults with isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) belonging to an extended Brazilian kindred with a homozygous mutation in the GH-releasing hormone receptor gene. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Divisions of Endocrinology and Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal University of Sergipe. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Twenty-six individuals with IGHD (age, 47.6 ± 15.1 years; 13 women) and 25 controls (age, 46.3 ± 14.3 years; 15 women) were administered a questionnaire on hearing complaints and hearing health history. We performed pure-tone audiometry, logoaudiometry, electroacoustic immittance, and stapedial reflex. To assess outer hair cell function in the cochlea, we completed transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs). To assess the auditory nerve and auditory brainstem, we obtained auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). RESULTS Misophonia and dizziness complaints were more frequent in those with IGHD than in controls (P = .011). Patients with IGHD had higher thresholds at 250 Hz (P = .005), 500 Hz (P = .006), 3 KHz (P = .008), 4 KHz (P = .038), 6 KHz (P = .008), and 8 KHz (P = .048) and mild high-tones hearing loss (P = .029). Stapedial reflex (P < .001) and TEOAEs (P = .025) were more frequent in controls. There were no differences in ABR latencies. Hearing loss in patients with IGHD occurred earlier than in controls (P < .001). CONCLUSION Compared with controls of the same area, subjects with untreated, congenital lifetime IGHD report more misophonia and dizziness, have predominance of mild high-tones sensorineural hearing loss, and have an absence of stapedial reflex and TEOAEs.
Collapse
|
22
|
Magariños M, Contreras J, Aburto MR, Varela-Nieto I. Early development of the vertebrate inner ear. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012; 295:1775-90. [PMID: 23044927 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This is a review of the biological processes and the main signaling pathways required to generate the different otic cell types, with particular emphasis on the actions of insulin-like growth factor I. The sensory organs responsible of hearing and balance have a common embryonic origin in the otic placode. Lineages of neural, sensory, and support cells are generated from common otic neuroepithelial progenitors. The sequential generation of the cell types that will form the adult inner ear requires the coordination of cell proliferation with cell differentiation programs, the strict regulation of cell survival, and the metabolic homeostasis of otic precursors. A network of intracellular signals operates to coordinate the transcriptional response to the extracellular input. Understanding the molecular clues that direct otic development is fundamental for the design of novel treatments for the protection and repair of hearing loss and balance disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Magariños
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Murillo-Cuesta S, Rodríguez-de la Rosa L, Cediel R, Lassaletta L, Varela-Nieto I. The role of insulin-like growth factor-I in the physiopathology of hearing. Front Mol Neurosci 2011; 4:11. [PMID: 21845174 PMCID: PMC3146045 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2011.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) belongs to the family of polypeptides of insulin, which play a central role in embryonic development and adult nervous system homeostasis by endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine mechanisms. IGF-I is fundamental for the regulation of cochlear development, growth, and differentiation, and its mutations are associated with hearing loss in mice and men. Low levels of IGF-I have been shown to correlate with different human syndromes showing hearing loss and with presbyacusis. Animal models are fundamental to understand the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that contribute to human hearing loss. In the mouse, IGF-I serum levels decrease with aging and there is a concomitant hearing loss and retinal degeneration. In the Igf1(-/-) null mouse, hearing loss is due to neuronal loss, poor innervation of the sensory hair cells, and age-related stria vascularis alterations. In the inner ear, IGF-I actions are mediated by intracellular signaling networks, RAF, AKT, and p38 MAPK protein kinases modulate the expression and activity of transcription factors, as AP1, MEF2, FoxM1, and FoxP3, leading to the regulation of cell cycle and metabolism. Therapy with rhIGF-I has been approved in humans for the treatment of poor linear growth and certain neurodegenerative diseases. This review will discuss these findings and their implications in new IGF-I-based treatments for the protection or repair of hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Murillo-Cuesta
- Servicio de Evaluación Neurofuncional no Invasiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Attias J, Zarchi O, Nageris BI, Laron Z. Cochlear hearing loss in patients with Laron syndrome. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2011; 269:461-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-011-1668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
25
|
Expression of Insulin-like Growth Factors in a Mouse Model of Salicylate Ototoxicity. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 3:115-21. [PMID: 20978631 PMCID: PMC2958504 DOI: 10.3342/ceo.2010.3.3.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are known to be neurotrophic factors, and they efficiently signal to cells to grow, differentiate and survive. The purpose of study was to identify the expressions of IGFs in mice with salicylate ototoxicity, which is a typical reversible hearing loss model. METHODS The mice were given intraperitoneal injections of salicylate (400 mg/kg) and about a 30 dB threshold shift was achieved at 3 hours. The expressions of IGF-1 and 2 were confirmed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Localization of IGFs was confirmed using confocal immunofluorescence imaging. For in-vitro study on the HEI-OC1 auditory cells, the cell viability was calculated and the apoptotic features of the nuclei were observed with Hoechst staining. RESULTS The expressions of the IGFs mRNA and protein were significantly increased in the salicylate ototoxicity groups compared with that of the normal control group. Salicylate induced apoptosis and decreased viability of the HEI-OC1 auditory cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The expressions of IGFs were localized in the stria vascularis, and these IGFs play a protective role in the in-vivo condition of salicylate ototoxicity. CONCLUSION IGFs were highly expressed in the mice with salicylate ototoxicity, and this expression was mainly focused in the stria vascularis in the salicylate intoxicated mice. The systemic action of IGFs, which were expressed in the vascular-rich stria vascularis, can act as a major protective mechanism in a mouse model of salicylate ototoxicity.
Collapse
|
26
|
Peng S, Zhang Y, Sun DP, Zhang DX, Fang Q, Li GJ. The effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on cognitive function and the expression of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 in CA1 region of hippocampus in old rats. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:1195-9. [PMID: 20563856 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of sevoflurane on cognitive function in old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in CA1 region of hippocampus. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats of 12 months old were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control group; 1.5% sevoflurane I group (be tested after received 1.5% sevoflurane for 1 day); 1.5% sevoflurane II group (be tested after received 1.5% sevoflurane for 7 day); 3.0% sevoflurane I group (be tested after received 3.0% sevoflurane for 1 day) and 3.0% sevoflurane II group (be tested after received 3.0% sevoflurane for 7 day). All SD rats were received 1.5 or 3.0% sevoflurane in a special glass anesthesia box for 2 h respectively, except for the normal control group. Y-maze was used to test the ability of learning and memory after being received sevoflurane for 1 or 7 days at the same moment portion. The altered expression level of IGF-1 in the hippocampus was tested to compare its transcripts by RT-PCR analysis. The results showed that 3% sevoflurane induced the decline of cognitive function and significantly deceased the IGF-1 expression at mRNA levels at 1 day in the 3.0% sevoflurane I group when compared with the normal control group. However, there were no significant difference among the other groups when compared with normal control group. Therefore, administration of sevoflurane might temporally affect the ability of cognitive function of rats through suppressing the IGF-1 expression at mRNA levels in hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated No. 4 Hospital of Soochow University, Wuxi, 214062, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
DeMambro VE, Kawai M, Clemens TL, Fulzele K, Maynard JA, Marín de Evsikova C, Johnson KR, Canalis E, Beamer WG, Rosen CJ, Donahue LR. A novel spontaneous mutation of Irs1 in mice results in hyperinsulinemia, reduced growth, low bone mass and impaired adipogenesis. J Endocrinol 2010; 204:241-53. [PMID: 20032200 PMCID: PMC3033737 DOI: 10.1677/joe-09-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A spontaneous mouse mutant, designated 'small' (sml), was recognized by reduced body size suggesting a defect in the IGF1/GH axis. The mutation was mapped to the chromosome 1 region containing Irs1, a viable candidate gene whose sequence revealed a single nucleotide deletion resulting in a premature stop codon. Despite normal mRNA levels in mutant and control littermate livers, western blot analysis revealed no detectable protein in mutant liver lysates. When compared with the control littermates, Irs1(sml)/Irs1(sml) (Irs1(sml/sml)) mice were small, lean, hearing impaired; had 20% less serum IGF1; were hyperinsulinemic; and were mildly insulin resistant. Irs1(sml/sml) mice had low bone mineral density, reduced trabecular and cortical thicknesses, and low bone formation rates, while osteoblast and osteoclast numbers were increased in the females but not different in the males compared with the Irs1(+/+) controls. In vitro, Irs1(sml/sml) bone marrow stromal cell cultures showed decreased alkaline phosphatase-positive colony forming units (pre-osteoblasts; CFU-AP+) and normal numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclasts. Irs1(sml/sml) stromal cells treated with IGF1 exhibited a 50% decrease in AKT phosphorylation, indicative of defective downstream signaling. Similarities between engineered knockouts and the spontaneous mutation of Irs1(sml) were identified as well as significant differences with respect to heterozygosity and gender. In sum, we have identified a spontaneous mutation in the Irs1 gene associated with a major skeletal phenotype. Changes in the heterozygous Irs1(+)(/sml) mice raise the possibility that similar mutations in humans are associated with short stature or osteoporosis.
Collapse
|
28
|
Interactions of estradiol and insulin-like growth factor-I signalling in the nervous system: new advances. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2010; 181:251-72. [PMID: 20478442 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)81014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Estradiol and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) interact in the brain to regulate a variety of developmental and neuroplastic events. Some of these interactions are involved in the control of hormonal homeostasis and reproduction. However, the interactions may also potentially impact on affection and cognition by the regulation of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus and by promoting neuroprotection under neurodegenerative conditions. Recent studies suggest that the interaction of estradiol and IGF-I is also relevant for the control of cholesterol homeostasis in neural cells. The molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of estradiol and IGF-I include the cross-regulation of the expression of estrogen and IGF-I receptors, the regulation of estrogen receptor-mediated transcription by IGF-I and the regulation of IGF-I receptor signalling by estradiol. Current investigations are evidencing the role exerted by key signalling molecules, such as glycogen synthase kinase 3 and beta-catenin, in the cross-talk of estrogen receptors and IGF-I receptors in neural cells.
Collapse
|
29
|
Viljanen A, Kaprio J, Pyykkö I, Sorri M, Koskenvuo M, Rantanen T. Hearing acuity as a predictor of walking difficulties in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc 2009; 57:2282-6. [PMID: 19874410 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether hearing acuity correlates with walking ability and whether impaired hearing at baseline predicts new self-reported walking difficulties after 3 years. DESIGN Prospective follow-up. SETTING Research laboratory and community. PARTICIPANTS Four hundred thirty-four women aged 63 to 76. MEASUREMENTS Hearing was measured using clinical audiometry. A person was defined as having a hearing impairment if a pure-tone average of thresholds at 0.5 to 4 kHz in the better ear was 21 dB or greater. Maximal walking speed was measured over 10 m (m/s), walking endurance as the distance (m), covered in 6 minutes and difficulties in walking 2 km according to self-report. RESULTS At baseline, women with hearing impairment (n=179) had slower maximal walking speed (1.7 +/- 0.3 m/s vs 1.8 +/- 0.3 m/s, P=.007), lower walking endurance (520 +/- 75 m vs 536 +/- 75 m, P=.08), and more selfreported major difficulties in walking 2 km (12.8% vs 5.5%, P=.02) than those without hearing impairment. During follow-up, major walking difficulties developed for 33 participants. Women with hearing impairment at baseline had a twice the age-adjusted risk for new walking difficulties as those without hearing impairment (odds ratio=2.04, 95% confidence interval=0.96-4.33). CONCLUSION Hearing acuity correlated with mobility, which may be explained by the association between impaired hearing and poor balance and greater risk for falls, both of which underlie decline in mobility. Prevention of hearing loss is not only important for the ability to communicate, but may also have more wide-ranging influences on functional ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Viljanen
- Department of Health Sciences, Finnish Centre for Interdisciplinary Gerontology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Milo M, Cacciabue-Rivolta D, Kneebone A, Van Doorninck H, Johnson C, Lawoko-Kerali G, Niranjan M, Rivolta M, Holley M. Genomic analysis of the function of the transcription factor gata3 during development of the mammalian inner ear. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7144. [PMID: 19774072 PMCID: PMC2742898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the function of the zinc finger transcription factor gata3 in auditory system development by analysing temporal profiles of gene expression during differentiation of conditionally immortal cell lines derived to model specific auditory cell types and developmental stages. We tested and applied a novel probabilistic method called the gamma Model for Oligonucleotide Signals to analyse hybridization signals from Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays. Expression levels estimated by this method correlated closely (p<0.0001) across a 10-fold range with those measured by quantitative RT-PCR for a sample of 61 different genes. In an unbiased list of 26 genes whose temporal profiles clustered most closely with that of gata3 in all cell lines, 10 were linked to Insulin-like Growth Factor signalling, including the serine/threonine kinase Akt/PKB. Knock-down of gata3 in vitro was associated with a decrease in expression of genes linked to IGF-signalling, including IGF1, IGF2 and several IGF-binding proteins. It also led to a small decrease in protein levels of the serine-threonine kinase Akt2/PKBbeta, a dramatic increase in Akt1/PKBalpha protein and relocation of Akt1/PKBalpha from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(kip1), a known target of PKB/Akt, simultaneously decreased. In heterozygous gata3 null mice the expression of gata3 correlated with high levels of activated Akt/PKB. This functional relationship could explain the diverse function of gata3 during development, the hearing loss associated with gata3 heterozygous null mice and the broader symptoms of human patients with Hearing-Deafness-Renal anomaly syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Milo
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adam Kneebone
- Department of Biomedical Science, Addison Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Hikke Van Doorninck
- Department of Neurosciences, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Johnson
- Pfizer Global Research UK, Sandwich, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Grace Lawoko-Kerali
- Department of Biomedical Science, Addison Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mahesan Niranjan
- Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Marcelo Rivolta
- Department of Biomedical Science, Addison Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Holley
- Department of Biomedical Science, Addison Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Insulin-like growth factor 1 treatment via hydrogels rescues cochlear hair cells from ischemic injury. Neuroreport 2008; 19:1585-8. [PMID: 18845939 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0b013e328311ca4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor 1 (rhIGF1), applied locally via a hydrogel, against ischemic damage of the cochleae in gerbils. A hydrogel was immersed in rhIGF1 or saline and was applied on the round window membrane 30 min after the ischemia. Local rhIGF1 treatment significantly reduced the elevation of auditory brain responses thresholds at a frequency of 8 kHz on days 1, 4, and 7 after ischemia. A histological analysis revealed increased survival of inner hair cells in the animals treated with rhIGF1 via the hydrogel 7 days after ischemia. These findings showed that local rhIGF1 application using a hydrogel has the potential to protect the cochleae from ischemic injury.
Collapse
|
32
|
Gross J, Machulik A, Moller R, Fuchs J, Amarjargal N, Ungethüm U, Kuban RJ, Szczepek AJ, Haupt H, Mazurek B. MRNA expression of members of the IGF system in the organ of Corti, the modiolus and the stria vascularis of newborn rats. Growth Factors 2008; 26:180-91. [PMID: 19378418 DOI: 10.1080/08977190802194317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the mRNA expression of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family genes and of selected downstream pathway genes using the Affymetrix microarray system and confirmatory RT-PCR in the freshly prepared organ of Corti (OC), modiolus (MOD) and stria vascularis (SV) from neonatal rats (3-5 days old) and after 24h in culture. Among the seven members of the IGF family analyzed in this paper, IGF1, IGF2 and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP2) had the highest basal expression in all regions. Preparatory stress and culture increased the expression of IGF2, IGFBP2, IGFBP3, IGFBP5, glucose transporterl (GLUT1), signal transducer, and activator of transcription3 (STAT3), phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit (Pik3r1), Jun oncogene (c-jun) and decreased that of mitogen-activated protein kinases MAPK3 and MAPK14 in all regions. Region-specific changes were observed in OC (GLUT1), MOD (IGFBP3 and c-jun) and SV (IGF2 and IGFBP2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Gross
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Giraldez F, Fritzsch B. The molecular biology of ear development - "Twenty years are nothing". THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2008; 51:429-38. [PMID: 17891706 PMCID: PMC3901534 DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.072390fg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Views of classical biological problems changed dramatically with the rise of molecular biology as a common framework. It was indeed the new language of life sciences. Molecular biology increasingly moved us towards a unified view of developmental genetics as ideas and techniques were imported to vertebrates from other biological systems where genetics was in a more advanced state. The ultimate advance has been the ability to actually perform genetic manipulations in vertebrate organisms that were almost unthinkable before. During the last two decades these technical advances entered into and affected the research on ear development. These events are still very recent and have been with us for no longer than two decades, which is the reason for the title of this article. This new scenario forms the basis of the current and productive work of many laboratories, and this is what this Special Issue of The International Journal of Developmental Biology wants to show, presenting a snapshot of insights at the beginning of the 21st Century. In this article, we give an overview of the topics that are addressed in this Ear Development Special Issue, and also we take the opportunity to informally dig into the genealogy of some of those topics, trying to link the current work with some classical work of the past.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Giraldez
- Departament de Cincies Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
It is known that shorter stature is associated with sensorineural hearing loss; and that cochlear development is associated with activity of IGF 1, as are many important aspects of neurodevelopment. We hypothesized that this relation might be extrapolated to a normally hearing group, and that the strongest relation between hearing level and growth rate would be in late puberty, when serum IGF-1 levels are highest. We examined the statistical relation between childhood hearing threshold and rate of growth in height at different times during the life course up to age 32. We found mixed support for the hypothesis. The strongest relations were observed in late puberty, at the ages which previous research shows are associated with the highest serum concentrations of IGF-1 in males and females, but also in infancy and early childhood. The association between hearing and height is present in a normally hearing, general population sample, and is associated with growth in late adolescence. Our findings support the idea that childhood hearing threshold may be predictive of IGF-1 mediated developmental characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Welch
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Welch D, Dawes PJD. Variation in the normal hearing threshold predicts childhood IQ, linguistic, and behavioral outcomes. Pediatr Res 2007; 61:737-44. [PMID: 17426656 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e31805341c1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Childhood hearing level varies considerably within the range considered normal. Four classes of outcome were investigated for associations with hearing thresholds in this range: ability to identify speech in noise, neurocognitive ability, linguistic ability, and behavior. The research was conducted in a general population cohort of 711 children with mean hearing threshold of 15 dB HL or better. Some outcomes: speech in noise, intelligence, and certain linguistic abilities, were predicted in both boys and girls; effects were stronger in girls. In girls only, poorer hearing predicted worse behavior. These effects remained after statistical control for childhood socioeconomic status and otitis media. Variability in normal hearing, due to causes other than otitis media, is associated with the listening, language, and neurocognitive abilities of children, and the behavior of girls. We suggest that these effects may be present for three reasons, cochlear insults, neurodevelopmental factors, and psychological factors. We discuss how these may interact to produce the effects observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Welch
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Paradisi I, Arias S. IVIC syndrome is caused by a c.2607delA mutation in the SALL4 locus. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143:326-32. [PMID: 17256792 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The IVIC syndrome described in 1980 in a large Venezuelan family, is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by upper limbs anomalies (radial ray defects, carpal bones fusion), extraocular motor disturbances, congenital bilateral non-progressive mixed hearing loss; other less consistent malformations include heart involvement, mild thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis (before age 50), shoulder girdle hypoplasia, imperforate anus, kidney malrotation or rectovaginal fistula. Since 2002, mutations in the SALL4 locus have been reported producing phenotypic features quite similar to those in IVIC syndrome; this gene was thus proposed as a candidate for the condition. A segregation analysis of four SNPs in exon 2 (c.1520T > G, c.1860A > G, c.2037C > T, and c.2392A > C) was carried out in 14 affected and in 15 normal family members. Haplotype T;A;C;A was found to always segregate with the disease. Sequencing the whole coding regions revealed one heterozygous base deletion in exon 3 (c.2607delA) causing a premature stop signal 44 codons downstream (p.Q869fsX44) which segregates with the phenotype, being absent in controls. The large number of affected individuals presumably carrying the same mutation (n = 26) with quite different degrees of involvement allowed a discussion about possible mechanisms for the SALL4 action. The finding of a SALL4 mutation in a family with such a wide pleiotropic spectrum proves that at least Okihiro, acro-renal-ocular and IVIC syndromes are allelic entities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Paradisi
- Laboratorio de Genética Humana, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yamanishi T, Katsu K, Funahashi JI, Yumoto E, Yokouchi Y. Dan is required for normal morphogenesis and patterning in the developing chick inner ear. Dev Growth Differ 2007; 49:13-26. [PMID: 17227341 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.2007.00900.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During vertebrate inner ear development, compartmentalization of the auditory and vestibular apparatuses along two axes depends on the patterning of transcription factors expressed in a region-specific manner. Although most of the patterning is regulated by extrinsic signals, it is not known how Nkx5.1 and Msx1 are patterned. We focus on Dan, the founding member of the Cerberus/Dan gene family that encodes BMP antagonists, and describe its function in morphogenesis and patterning. First, we confirmed that Dan is expressed in the dorso-medial region of the otic vesicle that corresponds to the presumptive endolymphatic duct and sac (ed/es). Second, we used siRNA knockdown to demonstrate that depletion of Dan induced both a severe reduction in the size of the ed/es and moderate deformities of the semicircular canals and cochlear duct. Depletion of Dan also caused suppression of Nkx5.1 in the dorso-lateral region, suppression of Msx1 in the dorso-medial region, and ectopic induction of Nkx5.1 and Msx1 in the ventro-medial region. Most of these phenotypes also appeared following misexpression of the constitutively active form of BMP receptor type Ib. Thus, Dan is required for the normal morphogenesis of the inner ear and, by inhibiting BMP signaling, for the patterning of the transcription factors Nkx5.1 and Msx1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yamanishi
- Division of Pattern Formation, Department of Organogenesis, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cediel R, Riquelme R, Contreras J, Díaz A, Varela-Nieto I. Sensorineural hearing loss in insulin-like growth factor I-null mice: a new model of human deafness. Eur J Neurosci 2006; 23:587-90. [PMID: 16420467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04584.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that mutations in the gene encoding human insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) cause syndromic hearing loss. To study the precise role of IGF-I in auditory function and to hypothesize the possible morphological and electrophysiological changes that may occur in the human inner ear, we have analysed the auditory brainstem response in a mouse model of IGF-I deficiency. We show here that homozygous Igf-1(-/-) mice present an all-frequency involved bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Igf-1(-/-) mice also present a delayed response to acoustic stimuli; this increases along the auditory pathway, indicating a contribution of the central nervous system to the hearing loss in Igf-1(-/-) mice. These results support the use of the Igf-1(-/-) mouse as a new model for the study of human syndromic deafness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Cediel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Barrenäs ML, Bratthall A, Dahlgren J. The association between short stature and sensorineural hearing loss. Hear Res 2006; 205:123-30. [PMID: 15953522 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2005.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2004] [Accepted: 03/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In order to test the Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis on hearing, data from two cross-sectional studies on hearing were re-evaluated. The data sets comprised 500 18-year-old conscripts, and 483 noise-exposed male employees. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was over-represented among conscripts with a short stature (odds ratio=2.2) or hearing loss in the family (odds ration=4.2), but not among noise-exposed conscripts (odds ratio=0.9-1.3). Among noise-exposed short employees, hypertension and age exhibited a negative impact on high frequency hearing thresholds, while among tall employees hypertension had no effect on hearing and the influence of age was less pronounced (p<0.01 for body height; p<0.02 for age, hypertension and the interaction between body height and hypertension; p<0.05 for the interaction between body height and age). This suggests that mechanisms linked to fetal programming and growth retardation and/or insulin-like growth factor 1 levels during fetal life, such as a delayed cell cycle during the time window when the cochlea develops, may cause SNHL in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Barrenäs
- Göteborg Pediatric Growth Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for the Health of Women and Children, University of Göteborg, S416 85 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Iwai K, Nakagawa T, Endo T, Matsuoka Y, Kita T, Kim TS, Tabata Y, Ito J. Cochlear Protection by Local Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Application Using Biodegradable Hydrogel. Laryngoscope 2006; 116:529-33. [PMID: 16585854 DOI: 10.1097/01.mlg.0000200791.77819.eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this experimental study was to examine the potential of local recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1) application through a biodegradable hydrogel for the treatment of cochleae. METHODS A hydrogel immersed with rhIGF-1 was placed on the round window membrane of Sprague-Dawley rats while a hydrogel immersed with physiological saline was applied to control animals. On day 3 after drug application, the animals were exposed to white noise at 120 dB sound pressure level (SPL) for 2 hours. Cochlear function was monitored using measurements of auditory brain stem responses (ABRs) at frequencies of 8, 16, and 32 kHz. The temporal bones were collected 7 or 30 days after noise exposure and the loss of hair cells was quantitatively analyzed. RESULTS Local rhIGF-1 treatment significantly reduced the elevation of ABR thresholds on days 7 and 30 after noise exposure. Histologic analysis revealed that local rhIGF-1 treatment significantly prohibited the loss of outer hair cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that local IGF-1 application through the biodegradable hydrogel has the potential for protection of cochleae from noise trauma.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Administration, Topical
- Animals
- Bandages, Hydrocolloid
- Biodegradation, Environmental
- Cochlear Diseases/drug therapy
- Cochlear Diseases/etiology
- Cochlear Diseases/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/drug effects
- Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/complications
- Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/physiopathology
- Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/administration & dosage
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/therapeutic use
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Treatment Outcome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Iwai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Semaan MT, Alagramam KN, Megerian CA. The basic science of Meniere's disease and endolymphatic hydrops. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2006; 13:301-7. [PMID: 16160525 DOI: 10.1097/01.moo.0000186335.44206.1c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Meniere's disease is characterized by the triad of fluctuating hearing loss, episodic vertigo, and tinnitus and by endolymphatic hydrops found on post-mortem examination. The cause of Meniere's disease remains unclear. Numerous factors play a role in the development of hydrops and in the pathogenesis of related cochleovestibular dysfunction. This review highlights recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of symptom development in Meniere's disease by detailing the role of genetics, autoimmunity, endolymphatic fluid homeostasis, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cellular apoptosis. Emphasis is placed on reviewing the newly described animal models that exhibit endolymphatic hydrops. RECENT FINDINGS Recent evidence suggests that hearing loss might be explained in part by apoptosis of spiral ganglion neurons and that hydrops could represent an epiphenomenon rather than an initiating factor. In addition, the accepted guinea pig model described by Kimura has certain limitations. An animal model that would supplement and in some cases replace the surgically induced model is currently being sought. SUMMARY These recent advances have expanded our understanding and will allow for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions aimed at preventing the progression oochleovestibular deterioration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maroun T Semaan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Russo VC, Gluckman PD, Feldman EL, Werther GA. The insulin-like growth factor system and its pleiotropic functions in brain. Endocr Rev 2005; 26:916-43. [PMID: 16131630 DOI: 10.1210/er.2004-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, much interest has been devoted to defining the role of the IGF system in the nervous system. The ubiquitous IGFs, their cell membrane receptors, and their carrier binding proteins, the IGFBPs, are expressed early in the development of the nervous system and are therefore considered to play a key role in these processes. In vitro studies have demonstrated that the IGF system promotes differentiation and proliferation and sustains survival, preventing apoptosis of neuronal and brain derived cells. Furthermore, studies of transgenic mice overexpressing components of the IGF system or mice with disruptions of the same genes have clearly shown that the IGF system plays a key role in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V C Russo
- Centre for Hormone Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Holley MC. Keynote review: The auditory system, hearing loss and potential targets for drug development. Drug Discov Today 2005; 10:1269-82. [PMID: 16214671 DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6446(05)03595-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a huge potential market for the treatment of hearing loss. Drugs are already available to ameliorate predictable, damaging effects of excessive noise and ototoxic drugs. The biggest challenge now is to develop drug-based treatments for regeneration of sensory cells following noise-induced and age-related hearing loss. This requires careful consideration of the physiological mechanisms of hearing loss and identification of key cellular and molecular targets. There are many molecular cues for the discovery of suitable drug targets and a full range of experimental resources are available for initial screening through to functional analysis in vivo. There is now an unparalleled opportunity for translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Holley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Addison Building, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Diaz-Casares A, Leon Y, de la Rosa EJ, Varela-Nieto I. Regulation of Vertebrate Sensory Organ Development: A Scenario for Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factors Action. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2005; 567:221-42. [PMID: 16370141 DOI: 10.1007/0-387-26274-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Diaz-Casares
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|