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Hirano D, Wada M, Kimura N, Jinnai D, Goto Y, Taniguchi T. Effects of divided attention on movement-related cortical potential in community-dwelling elderly adults: A preliminary study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34126. [PMID: 39071682 PMCID: PMC11283040 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Dual-tasking is defined as performing two or more tasks concurrently. This study aimed to investigate the effect of divided attention on movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) during dual-task performance in 11 community-dwelling elderly individuals while the load of the secondary task was altered. MRCP was recorded during a single task (ST), simple dual task (S-DT), and complex dual task (C-DT) as no-, low-, and high-load divided attention tasks, respectively. The ST involved self-paced tapping with an extended right index finger. In the S-DT and C-DT, the subjects simultaneously performed the ST and a visual number counting task with different levels of load. The coefficient of variation of movement frequency was significantly more variable in the C-DT than in the ST. The MRCP amplitude from electroencephalography electrode C3, contralateral to the moving hand, was significantly higher in the C-DT than in the ST. Higher attention diversion led to a significant reduction in MRCP amplitude in the participants. These results suggest that attention division in dual-task situations plays an important role in movement preparation and execution. We propose that MRCP can serve as a marker for screening the ability of older individuals to perform dual-tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hirano
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Misaki Wada
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Kimura
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Daisuke Jinnai
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Goto
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, Fukuoka, 831-8501, Japan
| | - Takamichi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
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Lin J, Li J, Huang J, Li S, Sun J, Liu J. Enhancement of Motor Learning and Corticospinal Excitability: The Role of Electroacupuncture and Motor Training in Healthy Volunteers. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943748. [PMID: 38853414 PMCID: PMC11177720 DOI: 10.12659/msm.943748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study embarked on an innovative exploration to elucidate the effects of integrating electroacupuncture (EA) with motor training (MT) on enhancing corticospinal excitability and motor learning. Central to this investigation is the interplay between homeostatic and non-homeostatic metaplasticity processes, providing insights into how these combined interventions may influence neural plasticity and motor skill acquisition. MATERIAL AND METHODS The investigation enrolled 20 healthy volunteers, subjecting them to 4 distinct interventions to parse out the individual and combined effects of EA and MT. These interventions were EA alone, MT alone, EA-priming followed by MT, and MT-priming followed by EA. The assessment of changes in primary motor cortex (M1) excitability was conducted through motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), while the grooved pegboard test (GPT) was used to evaluate alterations in motor performance. RESULTS The findings revealed that EA and MT independently contributed to enhanced M1 excitability and motor performance. However, the additional priming with EA or MT did not yield further modulation in MEPs amplitudes. Notably, EA-priming was associated with improved GPT completion times, underscoring its potential in facilitating motor learning. CONCLUSIONS The study underscores that while EA and MT individually augment motor cortex excitability and performance, their synergistic application does not further enhance or inhibit cortical excitability. This points to the involvement of non-homeostatic metaplasticity mechanisms. Nonetheless, EA emerges as a critical tool in preventing M1 overstimulation, thereby continuously fostering motor learning. The findings call for further research into the strategic application of EA, whether in isolation or with MT, within clinical settings to optimize rehabilitation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lin
- Group for Acupuncture Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiemei Li
- Group for Acupuncture Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
- Guangzhou Zengcheng District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianpeng Huang
- Group for Acupuncture Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Sheng Li
- Group for Acupuncture Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jian Sun
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Group for Acupuncture Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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Wang G, Fan J, Yue T, Gao X, Zhang T, Hurr C. The application of heating film to hands reduces the decline in manual dexterity performance associated with cold exposure. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00421-024-05482-7. [PMID: 38819660 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05482-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exposure to cold temperatures decreases finger temperature (Tfing) and dexterity. Decreased manual function and dexterity can be serious safety risks, especially in tasks that require fine motor movements that must be performed outdoors. The aim of this study was to determine whether hand heating with a minimal power requirement (14.8 W) results in a smaller reduction in Tfing and manual dexterity performance during mild cold exposure compared to a non-heated control condition. METHODS In a randomized crossover design, twenty-two healthy participants were exposed to a moderately cold environment (5 ºC) for 90 min. One condition had no intervention (CON), while the other had the palmar and dorsal hands heated (HEAT) by using electric heating films. Tfing and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) were continuously monitored using laser Doppler flowmetry. Manual dexterity performance and cognitive function were assessed by the Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT) and Stroop Color-Word (SCW) test, respectively, during the baseline period and every 30 min during the cold exposure. RESULTS After the cold exposure, Tfing was higher in HEAT relative to CON (CON 9.8 vs. HEAT 13.7 ºC, p < 0.0001). GPT placing time, as an index of dexterity performance, was also shorter in HEAT by 14.5% (CON 69.10 ± 13.08 vs. HEAT 59.06 ± 7.99 s, p < 0.0001). There was no difference in CVC between the two conditions during the cold exposure (p > 0.05 for all). Cognitive function was similar between two conditions (p > 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION The proposed hand heating method offers a practical means of heating fingers to maintain dexterity throughout prolonged cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Integrative Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, South Korea
- Department of Physical Education, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Junli Fan
- Integrative Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, South Korea
| | - Ting Yue
- Integrative Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, South Korea
| | - Xinpeng Gao
- Integrative Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, South Korea
| | - Tingran Zhang
- Integrative Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, South Korea
| | - Chansol Hurr
- Integrative Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, South Korea.
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Giustino V, Patti A, Petrigna L, Figlioli F, Thomas E, Costa V, Galvano L, Brusa J, Vicari DSS, Pajaujiene S, Smirni D, Palma A, Bianco A. Manual dexterity in school-age children measured by the Grooved Pegboard test: Evaluation of training effect and performance in dual-task. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18327. [PMID: 37539174 PMCID: PMC10395525 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Manual dexterity is the ability to manipulate objects using the hands and fingers for a specific task. Although manual dexterity is widely investigated in the general and special population at all ages, numerous aspects still remain to be explored in children. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of the training effect of the execution of the Grooved Pegboard test (GPT) and to measure the performance of the GPT in dual-task (DT), i.e., during a motor task and a cognitive task. Methods In this observational, cross-sectional study manual dexterity was assessed in children aged between 6 and 8. The procedure consisted of two phases: (1) the execution of five consecutive trials of the GPT to evaluate the training effect; (2) the execution of one trial of the GPT associated with a motor task (finger tapping test, GPT-FTT), and one trial of the GPT associated with a cognitive task (counting test, GPT-CT) to evaluate the performance in DT. Results As for the training effect, a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the five trials of the GPT (i.e., GPT1, GPT2, GPT3, GPT4, GPT5) was detected. In particular, we found a significant difference between GPT1 and GPT3 (p < 0.05), GPT1 and GPT4 (p < 0.001), and GPT1 and GPT5 (p < 0.001), as well as between GPT2 and GPT4 (p < 0.001), and GPT2 and GPT5 (p < 0.001).As for the performance in DT, no differences between the best trial of the GPT (i.e., GPT5) and both the GPT-FTT and GPT-CT was found. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the execution of the GPT in children has a training effect up to the third consecutive trial. Furthermore, the administration of the GPT in DT does not affect GPT performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Giustino
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Patti
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Petrigna
- School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Flavia Figlioli
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ewan Thomas
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenza Costa
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luigi Galvano
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jessica Brusa
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Savio Salvatore Vicari
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Pajaujiene
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daniela Smirni
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palma
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Bachar Kirshenboim Y, Weitzer T, Rand D. Assessing upper extremity-cognitive dual-task ability in neurological populations: A systematic review. NeuroRehabilitation 2023; 53:459-471. [PMID: 37927279 DOI: 10.3233/nre-230076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dual-task involves performing cognitive and motor tasks together, which requires executive functions that may be impaired in individuals with neurological conditions. Therefore, it is important to accurately assess executive functions to plan a therapeutic intervention. OBJECTIVE To characterize the use of upper extremity-cognitive dual-task assessment and to describe variables correlated with dual-task ability. METHODS An electronic search of databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) was carried out using a combination of the following terms: upper-extremity, dual/concurrent task, and cognitive/motor tasks. Two reviewers independently completed data extraction and assessed study quality. RESULTS 1,946 studies were identified; 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. The purpose of using an upper extremity-cognitive dual-task assessment varied between studies as well as the upper extremity motor tasks used: pegboard (N = 14), arm curl (N = 9), finger-tapping (N = 3), and reaching (N = 1) tests. Dual-task ability was reported as the motor-cognitive interference (N = 15) and as motor cost (N = 12). Dual-task ability was correlated to cognition, brain activity, and daily function, and was significantly different between healthy and neurological individuals. CONCLUSION Upper extremity cognitive dual-task paradigm is gaining popularity in clinical research, but lacks standardized tools, testing procedures, and calculations. A structured assessment procedure is needed for clinical use and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishai Bachar Kirshenboim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Weitzer
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Debbie Rand
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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De Maio M, Castellani L, Cugusi L, Cortis C, Fusco A. The Effect of a Combined Exercise Program on Postural Control and Fine Motor Skills in Parkinson's Disease: Study Design. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15216. [PMID: 36429935 PMCID: PMC9691118 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive and neurodegenerative disorder defined by physical symptoms such as hand disability and postural instability. To counteract the detrimental effects of PD, physical activity programs showed improvements in overall aspects of physical functioning. Therefore, this protocol will aim to evaluate the effect a of postural and fine motor skills training program in older adults with PD. PD individuals, with mild to moderate stage PD, aged between 65 to 80 years, will be voluntary selected from the Nursing Home Residences and Rehabilitation Centers. Subsequently, they will be randomly assigned to intervention group (PD) to receive a combined training program (postural control and fine motor skills exercises) or to the Control group (CON) to receive a stretching program. Before (PRE) and after (POST) a 12-week program both groups will perform wobble board (WB) and grooved pegboard (GPT) tests. Different performances between groups will be expected: (1) no significant differences between PD and CON group for WB and GPT test values before the beginning of the training intervention (PRE); (2) significantly better WB and GPT test values in PD subjects after the training intervention (POST) when compared to the base values (PRE); and (3) no significant differences in WB and GPT test values in CON subjects after the training intervention (POST) when compared to the base values (PRE). The findings of the present study protocol could be used for future studies investigating clinical populations, such as PD, and the effects of different rehabilitative interventions aiming to improve postural control and fine motor skills performances assessed by WB and GPT tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna De Maio
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Viale dell’Università, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Loriana Castellani
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Viale dell’Università, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Lucia Cugusi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Cristina Cortis
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Viale dell’Università, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Andrea Fusco
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Viale dell’Università, 03043 Cassino, Italy
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PETRIGNA L, PAJAUJIENE S, MANCUSO EP, BARCELLONA M, FRANCAVILLA VC, BIANCO A, MESSINA G. Influence of the stress level on the execution of the Grooved Pegboard Test. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2022; 62:1023-1028. [DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Musumeci G. Sports Medicine and Movement Sciences. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08996. [PMID: 35252608 PMCID: PMC8891956 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
- Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
- Corresponding author.
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A Prototype of an Electronic Pegboard Test to Measure Hand-Time Dexterity with Impaired Hand Functionality. APPLIED SYSTEM INNOVATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/asi5010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes an electronic prototype of the Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT), which is normally used to test the presence of hand dexterity. The prototype imitates the geometrical dimensions of an on-the-market GPT device, but it is electronic, not manual like the one available now for users. The suggested electronic GPT device makes automated time calculation between placing the first and the last peg in their designated locations, instead of manually observing a stopwatch normally used during the GPT. The electronic GPT prototype consists of a fabricated wooden box, electronics (switches and microcontroller), and liquid crystal display (LCD). A set of 40 normal volunteers, 20 females and 20 males, tested the designed prototype. A set of six volunteers with chronic medical conditions also participated in evaluating the proposed model. The results on normal volunteers showed that the proposed electronic GPT device yielded time calculations that match the population mean value of similar calculations by the GPT device. The one-sample t-test showed no significant difference in calculations between the new electronic GPT and the manual GPT device. The p-value was much higher than 0.05, indicating the possible use of the suggested electronic GPT device.
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The importance of standard operating procedures in physical fitness assessment: a brief review. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00849-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Physical fitness status is a key aspect of health and, consequently, it is important to create and adopt appropriate interventions to maintain or improve it, and assess it using valid measures. While in other testing contexts, standard operating procedures (SOPs) are commonly and widely adopted, in physical fitness testing, a variety of unstandardized testing protocols are proposed.
Aims
The topic of this review was to evaluate the existing literature on SOPs in physical fitness assessment and to provide guidelines on how SOPs could be created and adopted.
Method
The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were screened and original, peer-reviewed studies that included SOPs, related to physical fitness, were recorded.
Results
After the inclusion and exclusion criteria screening, a total of six studies were included and these were critically and narratively analyzed.
Conclusions
Standard operating procedures are rarely adopted in the field of physical fitness and a step by step guide has been provided in this manuscript. In the future, it is suggested to follow protocols as a routine, because this is the only way to generalize and contextualize findings.
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Agmon M, Bar-Shalita T, Kizony R. High Sensory Responsiveness in Older Adults is Associated with Walking Outside but Not Inside: Proof of Concept Study. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1651-1657. [PMID: 34548788 PMCID: PMC8449548 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s322728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Reduced mobility and a higher risk of falls among older adults are related to aging-associated sensory alteration. Sensory responsiveness (SR) has been found to be strongly correlated with postural control in studies on young adults in stimulating environments; however, SR has not been studied in the context of mobility among older adults, despite its potential to enhance fall risks. The aim of the current study is to characterize the associations between SR and gait under single and dual-task (ST, DT) conditions inside and outside the laboratory. Methods Twenty-six community-dwelling older adults (age 70.3 ± 4.6 years, 65.4% women) participated in this cross-sectional study. Gait variables were measured using the APDM system under single and dual task conditions, in a quiet corridor inside and in an ecological (outside) environment. SR was evaluated using the SR questionnaire and cognition was assessed with the Trail-Making Test and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Results SR was negatively associated with gait speed during ST (rs = −0.491, p < 0.05) and DT (rs = −0.528, p < 0.01) outside and with ST gait speed inside (rs = −0.528, p < 0.01). SR was positively associated with gait variability under DT (rs = 0.41, p < 0.05) and with DT cost (rs = 0.44, p < 0.05) only outside. Conclusion SR may play an important role in understanding mobility deterioration throughout the aging process, especially outside, illuminating the importance of SR evaluation among older adults during mobility assessment. Therefore, accounting for SR in gait research may contribute to a better understanding of mobility decline throughout the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Agmon
- The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tami Bar-Shalita
- Department of Occupational Therapy, The Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Rachel Kizony
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Occupational Therapy, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Petrigna L, Treigienė M, Thomas E, Mani D, Pajaujiene S, Drid P, Lavanco G, Palma A, Bianco A. Time spent on the smartphone does not relate to manual dexterity in young adults. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:34. [PMID: 33975543 PMCID: PMC8111913 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00639-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT) is widely adopted to evaluate manual dexterity, it presents normative data but the test is influenced by different factors. The influence of time spent on smartphones has not been considered before, for this reason, the objective of this study was to evaluate if smartphone use influences the time to complete the GPT. A total of 38 (21 women; 17 men) young adults 20.7 (1.5) years participated in the study. The time spent on the smartphones during the last seven days was recorded through the device itself and the GPT performance was measured. A correlation analysis between the time spent on the smartphone and GPT was performed while the t-test was adopted to evaluate gender differences. Results No statistically significant differences were detected between men and women in the time to complete the GPT (p = 0.20) and in the time spent on the smartphone (p = 0.87). The GPT and the time spent using the smartphone were not correlated (r = 0.044, p = 0.78). Conclusion The time spent on the smartphone by young adults does not influence the time to complete the GPT, indicating that smartphone use does not influence measures of manual dexterity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12868-021-00639-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Petrigna
- Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144, Palermo, Italy. .,Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Milda Treigienė
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ewan Thomas
- Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Diba Mani
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Simona Pajaujiene
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Patrik Drid
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Lovcenska 16, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Gioacchino Lavanco
- Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palma
- Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144, Palermo, Italy
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