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Wu Q, Zheng J, Yu Y, Li Z, Li Y, Hu C, Zhou Y, Chen R. Analysis of Antioxidant Compounds in Vitex negundo Leaves Using Offline 2D-LC-ECD and LC-MS/MS. Molecules 2024; 29:3133. [PMID: 38999085 PMCID: PMC11242995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitex negundo has strong antioxidant activity, but its primary antioxidant components are not clear. In this study, the antioxidant components were screened by offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection (2D-LC-ECD) and subsequently assessed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identification, radical scavenging capacity, and molecular docking. Various fractions were isolated from Vitex negundo leaves, and 39 antioxidant components were screened and identified. All of the fractions containing the antioxidant components exhibited certain antioxidant activity. Correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between the response of LC-ECD and the in vitro antioxidant activity of the fractions. Molecular docking demonstrated that components with high response to LC-ECD exhibited robust interaction with antioxidant-related target proteins. The main antioxidant components of Vitex negundo leaves were isoorientin, chlorogenic acid, agnuside, cynaroside, and scutellarin. The 2D-LC-ECD combined with LC-MS/MS was rapid and effective in screening the antioxidant components in Vitex negundo leaves and could also provide technical support for the discovery of antioxidant components with different polarities and contents in other medicinal and edible plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jinfen Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhirong Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Chengfeng Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Rongxiang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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2
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Wu Q, Lv J, Xie F, Li S. Quantification of oxaliplatin- and ioversol-related compounds in pharmaceutical formulations using novel HPLC-ICP-MS methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116026. [PMID: 38367519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accurate quantifying of drug-related compounds in medicines is vital for safety. Commonly used structure-dependent methods rely on analytical standards. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) offers a promising solution, being structure-independent and not requiring standards. In this study, we aim to develop HPLC-ICP-MS methods for the determination of related compounds in oxaliplatin and ioversol injections. RESULTS The target analytes were eluted on an XSelect HSS T3 column (2.1 ×50 mm, 5 µm). Specifically, oxaliplatin injection was eluted isocracially for 3.5 min, and ioversol injection was eluted gradient with a total chromatographic run time of 12 min. The measurements to determine dihydroxy oxaliplatin-Pt(IV) and two related compounds of ioversol were performed by monitoring at m/z for 195Pt and 127I, respectively. The calibration curves were established over the range of 0.05-1 μM for Pt and 0.3-15 μM for I with the correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The limits of quantification were 0.004 μM for dihydroxy oxaliplatin-Pt(IV), 0.022 μM for ioversol related compound A and 0.026 μM for ioversol related compound B. The accuracy (recovery between 93-105%) and precision (repeatability ≤ 6.1% RSD) were fit-for-purpose for dihydroxy oxaliplatin-Pt(IV), and the accuracy (recovery between 95-107%) and precision (repeatability ≤ 3.9% RSD) were also fit-for-purpose for both ioversol related compound A and ioversol related compound B. CONCLUSION The quantitation accuracy of HPLC-ICP-MS closely matched that of the standard HPLC-UV approach. HPLC-ICP-MS can be used as a complementary analytical technique for quantitative determination of drug-related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiping Wu
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jianmei Lv
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Feifan Xie
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Sanwang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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Liga S, Paul C. Puerarin-A Promising Flavonoid: Biosynthesis, Extraction Methods, Analytical Techniques, and Biological Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5222. [PMID: 38791264 PMCID: PMC11121215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, a variety of plant secondary metabolites, are known for their diverse biological activities. Isoflavones are a subgroup of flavonoids that have gained attention for their potential health benefits. Puerarin is one of the bioactive isoflavones found in the Kudzu root and Pueraria genus, which is widely used in alternative Chinese medicine, and has been found to be effective in treating chronic conditions like cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, gastric diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. Puerarin has been extensively researched and used in both scientific and clinical studies over the past few years. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date exploration of puerarin biosynthesis, the most common extraction methods, analytical techniques, and biological effects, which have the potential to provide a new perspective for medical and pharmaceutical research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Paul
- Biocatalysis Group, Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Organic and Natural Compounds, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University Timisoara, Vasile Pârvan No. 6, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
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Boltia SA, Mora MM, Ismail NS, Zaazaa HE. Validated chromatographic methods for determination of teriflunomide and investigation of its intrinsic stability. BMC Chem 2024; 18:93. [PMID: 38702794 PMCID: PMC11069208 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01186-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Two rapid, precise, and sensitive stability-indicating high performance chromatographic methods for the measurement of Teriflunomide in its degradation products' existence were developed. These were RP-HPLC and HPTLC using UV detector. HPLC separation was accomplished utilizing Thermo BDS hypercil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) and acetonitrile: 0.03 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate: triethylamine (50:50:0.1%, by volume) as mobile phase at flow rate of 1mL/min. The separated peaks were detected at 250.0 nm. The densitometric approach was conducted utilizing HPTLC 60 F254 silica gel plates, and a developing system of benzene: ethanol: acetic acid (7.5:1:0.25, by volume) and detection was done at 250.0 nm. The developed approaches were evaluated regarding the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) instructions. The calibration curves of both techniques were constructed with linearity ranges of (5-100) µg/mL and (2-10) µg /band, for HPLC and densitometric determination, consecutively. Teriflunomide was exposed to base and acid hydrolysis, oxidation using H2O2 and finally, thermal degradation as stated in ICH guidelines. The degradation product structures' elucidation was achieved through LC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen A Boltia
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Mai M Mora
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Hala E Zaazaa
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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5
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Carvalho D, Jesus Â, Pinho C, Oliveira RF, Moreira F, Oliveira AI. Validation of an HPLC-DAD Method for Quercetin Quantification in Nanoparticles. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1736. [PMID: 38139862 PMCID: PMC10748265 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of the efficacy of incorporation of quercetin in nanoparticles is crucial, both for the development and quality control of pharmaceutical formulations. The validation of analytical methods for the precise quantification of quercetin is useful for the evaluation of various potential quercetin delivery systems and quercetin pharmacokinetics. This work aimed to validate a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method for quercetin detection and quantification in nanoparticles. Different mobile phase conditions and detection wavelengths (254 and 368 nm) were tested, and the major validation parameters were assessed (precision, accuracy, linearity, sensitivity, stability, and selectivity). The best peak resolution was obtained when quercetin was analyzed at 368 nm with a mobile phase of 1.5% acetic acid and a water/acetonitrile/methanol ratio of 55:40:5. Under these conditions, quercetin also eluted rapidly (retention time of 3.6 min). The method proved to be linear (R2 > 0.995), specific, and repeatable (variation coefficient between 2.4% and 6.7%) and presented intermediate precision (variation coefficient between 7.2% and 9.4%). The accuracy of the analysis ranged between 88.6% and 110.7%, and detection and quantification limits were 0.046 and 0.14 µg/mL, respectively. Quercetin solutions were more stable when stored at 4 °C than at room temperature or -20 °C. This validated method satisfied more parameters of bias assessment than most recent methods for quercetin determination and presented itself as more sensitive and efficient than general spectrophotometric methods. The method was successfully used for the analysis of quercetin incorporation in nanoparticles and will be evaluated in the future for its adequacy for the determination of quercetin in more complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Carvalho
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (Â.J.); (C.P.); (R.F.O.); (A.I.O.)
| | - Ângelo Jesus
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (Â.J.); (C.P.); (R.F.O.); (A.I.O.)
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Pinho
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (Â.J.); (C.P.); (R.F.O.); (A.I.O.)
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferraz Oliveira
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (Â.J.); (C.P.); (R.F.O.); (A.I.O.)
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Moreira
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (Â.J.); (C.P.); (R.F.O.); (A.I.O.)
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Oliveira
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (Â.J.); (C.P.); (R.F.O.); (A.I.O.)
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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Carvalho D, Pinho C, Oliveira R, Moreira F, Oliveira AI. Chromatographic Methods Developed for the Quantification of Quercetin Extracted from Natural Sources: Systematic Review of Published Studies from 2018 to 2022. Molecules 2023; 28:7714. [PMID: 38067447 PMCID: PMC10708206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QUE) is the most widely used flavonoid for therapeutic purposes. To improve the available knowledge about the properties of some natural products, determining the amount of QUE is crucial. The main objective of this systematic review is to identify the analytical methods validated for detecting and quantifying QUE in different matrices and characterize their sensitivity. A search was conducted until 30 June 2023 in the PubMed database for experimental studies that addressed the validation of chromatographic analytical methods to detect and quantify QUE from consumable natural products. Only studies published between 2018 and 2022, written in English, were included. The risk of bias was assessed by emphasizing methods of comparison according to previously published studies. Descriptive statistics were used to depict the obtained results. The studies were analyzed based on the type of QUE source, chromatographic method, and validation parameters. A total of 17 studies were included in this review. Plants were the most commonly analyzed source of QUE. Among the detection methods, spectrophotometry proved to be the most widely used, surpassing mass spectrometry (MS). After analyzing the bias, all the included studies mentioned/presented, totally or partially, at least four of the eight parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Carvalho
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
| | - Cláudia Pinho
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente (CISA), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Oliveira
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente (CISA), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Moreira
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente (CISA), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Oliveira
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (C.P.); (R.O.); (A.I.O.)
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente (CISA), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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7
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Sang SH, Akowuah GA, Liew KB, Lee SK, Keng JW, Lee SK, Yon JAL, Tan CS, Chew YL. Natural alternatives from your garden for hair care: Revisiting the benefits of tropical herbs. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21876. [PMID: 38034771 PMCID: PMC10685248 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair shampoos containing botanical ingredients without synthetic additives, such as parabens, petrochemicals, sulfates and silicones are more skin- and environmentally friendly. In recent years, there is a growing demand for shampoo products with botanical extracts. Shampoos with botanical extracts are well-known for their perceived health benefits. They are also generally milder, non-toxic, natural, and less likely to disrupt the hair and scalp's natural pH and oil balance. Many also believe that shampoos with botanical origins have higher standards of quality. Numerous botanical extracts had been used as natural active ingredients in cosmetic formulations to meet consumer demands. In this review, we have revisited six tropical plants commonly added as natural active ingredients in shampoo formulations: Acacia concinna, Camellia oleifera, Azadirachta indica, Emblica officinalis, Sapindus mukorossi, and Garcinia mangostana. These plants have been traditionally used for hair care, and scientific research has shown that they exhibit relevant physicochemical properties and biological activities that are beneficial for hair care and scalp maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze-Huey Sang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Kai Bin Liew
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Keah Lee
- M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jing-Wen Keng
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sue-Kei Lee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jessica-Ai-Lyn Yon
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ching Siang Tan
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia
| | - Yik-Ling Chew
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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8
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Issaka E, Wariboko MA, Johnson NAN, Aniagyei OND. Advanced visual sensing techniques for on-site detection of pesticide residue in water environments. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13986. [PMID: 36915503 PMCID: PMC10006482 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticide usage has increased to fulfil agricultural demand. Pesticides such as organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are ubiquitous in world food production. Their widespread usage has unavoidable detrimental consequences for humans, wildlife, water, and soil environments. Hence, the development of more convenient and efficient pesticide residue (PR) detection methods is of paramount importance. Visual detecting approaches have acquired a lot of interest among different sensing systems due to inherent advantages in terms of simplicity, speed, sensitivity, and eco-friendliness. Furthermore, various detections have been proven to enable real-life PR surveillance in environment water. Fluorometric (FL), colourimetric (CL), and enzyme-inhibition (EI) techniques have emerged as viable options. These sensing technologies do not need complex operating processes or specialist equipment, and the simple colour change allows for visual monitoring of the sensing result. Visual sensing techniques for on-site detection of PR in water environments are discussed in this paper. This paper further reviews prior research on the integration of CL, FL, and EI-based techniques with nanoparticles (NPs), quantum dots (QDs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Smartphone detection technologies for PRs are also reviewed. Finally, conventional methods and nanoparticle (NPs) based strategies for the detection of PRs are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliasu Issaka
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Mary Adumo Wariboko
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Dermatology and Venereology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
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Ibor OR, Nnadozie P, Ogarekpe DM, Idogho O, Anyanti J, Aizobu D, Onyezobi C, Chukwuka AV, Adeogun AO, Arukwe A. Public health implications of endocrine disrupting chemicals in drinking water and aquatic food resources in Nigeria: A state-of-the-science review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159835. [PMID: 36334666 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This state-of-the-science review is aimed at identifying the sources, occurrence, and concentrations of EDCs, including potential public health risks associated with drinking water and aquatic food resources from Nigerian inland waters. A total of 6024 articles from scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online) were identified, out of which, 103 eligible articles were selected for this study. Eleven (11) classes of EDCs (OCPs, PCBs, PBDEs, PAHs, BPA, OTs, PEs, PCs, PPCPs, sterols and n-alkanes) were identified from drinking waters, river sediments and aquatic food species from Nigerian rivers, showing that OCPs were the most studied and reported EDCs. Analytical methods used were HPLC, LC-MS/MS, GC-FID, GC-ECD and GC-MS with all EDCs identified to originate from anthropogenic sources. Carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic effects were the highest (54.4 %) toxicological effects identified, while reproductive/endocrine disruptive effects (15.2 %) and obesogenic effects (4.3 %) were the least identified toxicological effects. The targeted hazard quotient (THQ) and cancer risk (CR) were generally highest in children, compared to the adult populations, indicating age-specific toxicity. PEs produced the highest THQ (330.3) and CR (1.2) for all the EDCs in drinking water for the children population, suggesting enhanced vulnerability of this population group, compared to the adult population. Due to associated public health, wildlife and environmental risk of EDCs and their increasing concentrations in drinking water and food fish species from Nigerian inland waters, there is an urgent need for focused and strategic interventions, sensitization and policy formulation/implementation towards public health and aquatic food safety in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
| | | | - Dinah M Ogarekpe
- Center for Disaster Risk Management, Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Azubuike V Chukwuka
- National Environmental Standards Regulations and Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Nigeria
| | | | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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10
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Karungamye P, Rugaika A, Mtei K, Machunda R. A Review of Methods for Removal of Ceftriaxone from Wastewater. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:223-235. [PMID: 35997364 PMCID: PMC9397013 DOI: 10.3390/jox12030017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals in surface water and wastewater poses a threat to public health and has significant effects on the ecosystem. Since most wastewater treatment plants are ineffective at removing molecules efficiently, some pharmaceuticals enter aquatic ecosystems, thus creating issues such as antibiotic resistance and toxicity. This review summarizes the methods used for the removal of ceftriaxone antibiotics from aquatic environments. Ceftriaxone is one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in many countries, including Tanzania. Ceftriaxone has been reported to be less or not degraded in traditional wastewater treatment of domestic sewage. This has piqued the interest of researchers in the monitoring and removal of ceftriaxone from wastewater. Its removal from aqueous systems has been studied using a variety of methods which include physical, biological, and chemical processes. As a result, information about ceftriaxone has been gathered from many sources with the searched themes being ceftriaxone in wastewater, ceftriaxone analysis, and ceftriaxone removal or degradation. The methods studied have been highlighted and the opportunities for future research have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petro Karungamye
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Dodoma (UDOM), Dodoma P.O. Box 338, Tanzania
- School of Materials Energy Water and Environmental Sciences, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha P.O. Box 447, Tanzania; (A.R.); (K.M.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +255-763750792
| | - Anita Rugaika
- School of Materials Energy Water and Environmental Sciences, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha P.O. Box 447, Tanzania; (A.R.); (K.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Kelvin Mtei
- School of Materials Energy Water and Environmental Sciences, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha P.O. Box 447, Tanzania; (A.R.); (K.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Revocatus Machunda
- School of Materials Energy Water and Environmental Sciences, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha P.O. Box 447, Tanzania; (A.R.); (K.M.); (R.M.)
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11
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Hernandis V, Escudero E, Marín P. A novel liquid chromatography-fluorescence method for the determination of delafloxacin in human plasma. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:706-716. [PMID: 34839590 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Delafloxacin is a novel fluoroquinolone antibiotic that was approved by the European Medicine Agency to treat bacterial infections of the skin and underlying tissues, and community-acquired pneumonia. Despite being in the market since 2019 in the European Union, there is no published liquid chromatography-fluorescence method for delafloxacin quantification in biological samples. A novel, rapid, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to determine delafloxacin in human plasma using its native fluorescence. Plasma delafloxacin concentrations were determined by reverse-phase chromatography with fluorescence detection at 405/450 nm of excitation/emission wavelengths. Delafloxacin was separated on a Kromasil C18 column 250 × 4.6 mm id, 5 µm using isocratic elution. The mobile phase was a mixture of 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile (52/48). Retention times were 5.4 and 11.6 min for delafloxacin and valsartan (internal standard), respectively. Regression calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.1-2.5 µg/mL. The lower limit of detection was 0.05 µg/mL, and the lower limit of quantification was 0.1 µg/mL. Accuracy and precision were always <11%, and the limit of quantification was <16%. Mean recovery was 98.3%. This method can be applied to determine delafloxacin in human plasma and could be useful to perform pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Hernandis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elisa Escudero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Marín
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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