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Gómez-Polo C, Montero J, Portillo Muñoz M, Lobato Carreño M, Pardal-Peláez B, Zubizarreta-Macho Á, Martín Casado AM. Emotional Intelligence and Personality Traits of University Students in Dentistry, Medicine and Pharmacy Degrees. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:1757-1768. [PMID: 38921082 PMCID: PMC11203328 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14060116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to characterize dentistry, medicine and pharmacy students in terms of emotional intelligence (EI) and personality traits (PTs). It also sought to identify whether differences existed according to gender and degree program and the relationship between them. METHODS Students enrolled in dentistry (115), medicine (85) and pharmacy (57) degree programs participated voluntarily in the research, including 59 men and 198 women. The following questionnaires were used: (1) the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) to evaluate EI; (2) the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) to assess PT. The Qualtrics XM platform was used for data collection. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between three components of EI, either according to gender or degree program. The only difference in PTs was found in neuroticism, where women scored higher than men. There were statistically significant differences between students on different degree programs in openness to experience and responsibility. The five PTs correlated significantly with the three components of EI, except responsibility and emotional attention. The strongest associations were found between neuroticism and emotional repair (-0.439). CONCLUSIONS High percentages of the student population were observed to have weaknesses in emotional clarity and emotional repair. Neuroticism is a personality trait that seems to occur more frequently in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (J.M.); (M.L.C.); (B.P.-P.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - Javier Montero
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (J.M.); (M.L.C.); (B.P.-P.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - María Portillo Muñoz
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (J.M.); (M.L.C.); (B.P.-P.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - Maria Lobato Carreño
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (J.M.); (M.L.C.); (B.P.-P.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - Beatriz Pardal-Peláez
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (J.M.); (M.L.C.); (B.P.-P.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (J.M.); (M.L.C.); (B.P.-P.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - Ana María Martín Casado
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;
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Loizou M, Arnab S, Lameras P, Hartley T, Loizides F, Kumar P, Sumilo D. Designing, implementing and testing an intervention of affective intelligent agents in nursing virtual reality teaching simulations-a qualitative study. Front Digit Health 2024; 6:1307817. [PMID: 38698890 PMCID: PMC11063316 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2024.1307817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Emotions play an important role in human-computer interaction, but there is limited research on affective and emotional virtual agent design in the area of teaching simulations for healthcare provision. The purpose of this work is twofold: firstly, to describe the process for designing affective intelligent agents that are engaged in automated communications such as person to computer conversations, and secondly to test a bespoke prototype digital intervention which implements such agents. The presented study tests two distinct virtual learning environments, one of which was enhanced with affective virtual patients, with nine 3rd year nursing students specialising in mental health, during their professional practice stage. All (100%) of the participants reported that, when using the enhanced scenario, they experienced a more realistic representation of carer/patient interaction; better recognition of the patients' feelings; recognition and assessment of emotions; a better realisation of how feelings can affect patients' emotional state and how they could better empathise with the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Loizou
- Centre for Health Technology, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvester Arnab
- Centre for Postdigital Cultures, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Petros Lameras
- Centre for Postdigital Cultures, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Hartley
- Department of Computer Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando Loizides
- School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Praveen Kumar
- School of Health and Social Wellbeing, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Dana Sumilo
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom
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Gilmartin T, Dipnall JF, Gurvich C, Sharp G. Identifying overcontrol and undercontrol personality types among young people using the five factor model, and the relationship with disordered eating behaviour, anxiety and depression. J Eat Disord 2024; 12:16. [PMID: 38267972 PMCID: PMC10809654 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-00967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overcontrol and undercontrol personality types have been associated with an increase in eating pathology, depression and anxiety. The aim of the research was to explore whether latent overcontrol and undercontrol personality types could be identified using cluster analysis of the facets of the five factor model (FFM). We further aimed to understand how these personality types were associated with eating pathology, depressed mood and anxiety. METHODS A total of 561 participants (394 women and 167 men), aged 16-30 years in Australia completed a survey designed to assess disordered eating, FFM personality traits, anxiety, depression and stress. A systematic four-step process using hierarchical, k-means, and random forest cluster analyses were used to identify a meaningful 3-cluster solution. RESULTS The results revealed a cluster solution that represented overcontrol, undercontrol and resilient personality types, and highlighted facets of the FFM that were associated with each type. Both overcontrol and undercontrol personality types were associated with increased clinical symptoms compared to the resilient types. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that FFM facets may potentially be more meaningful than broad domains in identifying personality types, and that both overcontrol and undercontrol personality types are likely associated with increased clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Gilmartin
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University and the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Joanna F Dipnall
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, 3220, Australia
| | - Caroline Gurvich
- Department of Psychiatry, HER CENTRE Australia, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gemma Sharp
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University and the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Kumar VV, Tankha G. Association Between the Big Five and Trait Emotional Intelligence Among College Students. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:915-925. [PMID: 36974037 PMCID: PMC10039665 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s400058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Personality traits are relatively stable and may influence various aspects of human behavior. Trait emotional intelligence (Trait EI) presents the non-cognitive element of intelligence. Trait EI also enables individuals to deal with different stressors of life. Thus, understanding the relationship between personality traits and Trait EI can be beneficial. The current study explores the role of the big five personality factors in influencing Trait EI. Methods The study included three hundred and twenty university students from a multidisciplinary Indian university. They were administered the Trait EI questionnaire-short form (TEIQue-SF) and the big five inventory (BFI-44). A cross-sectional design with non-probability sampling was used for the current study. Results Findings of the study show that the big five have a significant relationship with global Trait EI, as the big five traits contributed to a 42.7% variance in predicting global Trait EI. Neuroticism was the foremost predictor of global Trait EI. Concerning Trait EI factors, neuroticism, and conscientiousness contributed to all except emotionality. All big five traits except agreeableness influenced well-being and sociability. Neuroticism and conscientiousness predicted self-control. However, agreeableness and extraversion predicted emotionality. Conclusion There is a close association between personality traits and Trait EI. However, the relationship is incremental as the big five traits jointly influence the global Trait EI more than individually on the four factors. The study's findings may enable psychologists, counselors, and other mental health professionals to develop training programs for college students to enhance emotional stability and the ability to deal with stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vineeth Kumar
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities & Social Sciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Geetika Tankha
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities & Social Sciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
- Correspondence: Geetika Tankha, Department of Psychology, School of Humanities & Social Sciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur-Ajmer Express Highway, Dehmi Kalan, Near GVK Toll Plaza, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India, Tel +91-141-3999100-241, Email
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Biolcati R, Ambrosini F, Albani A, Di Stefano G. Videoconferencing analytic psychodrama in treating young adults' psychological suffering: preliminary results. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1112711. [PMID: 37143590 PMCID: PMC10153097 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1112711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aims to explore the effects that videoconferencing Analytic Psychodrama (AP) has on the psychological wellbeing and emotional competence of young adults who are suffering from mental health problems. Twenty-two undergraduate students, asking for help at the Psychological Counselling Service of the University of Bologna for anxiety-depressive problems, took part in the three online groups that met weekly from October 2020 to July 2021. The Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure, the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and the Group Climate Questionnaire were used as test-retest questionnaires for clinical outcomes, emotional competence, and group climate evaluations. There was a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and 10-month scores for patients in clinical outcomes. Alexithymia significantly decreased and emotional intelligence and group engagement increased post-intervention. Videoconferencing AP sounds promising for alleviating psychological problems and to improve young adults' emotional competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Biolcati
- Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberta Biolcati,
| | - Federica Ambrosini
- Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Albani
- Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Stefano
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Suslow T, Hoepfel D, Günther V, Kersting A, Bodenschatz CM. Positive attentional bias mediates the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and trait affect. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20733. [PMID: 36456618 PMCID: PMC9715682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional intelligence and, in particular, the component emotion regulation may increase well-being and improve mood and coping with negative emotions. In the present eye-tracking study, we examined whether attention allocation to positive stimuli mediates the relationship between emotion regulation abilities and trait affect. Gaze behavior of 104 healthy adults was analyzed in a free-viewing task, in which happy, sad, angry, and neutral faces were shown simultaneously for ten seconds. Dwell time on facial expressions was used as indicator of attention allocation. Trait emotional intelligence was assessed using the Self-Rated Emotional Intelligence Scale. Self-report measures of state and trait positive and negative affect, trait anxiety, and depression were administered. In general, participants viewed longer at happy than at negative or neutral faces. The results of mediation analyses indicated that intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation abilities were indirectly related to trait positive affect through attention to happy faces. Moreover, dwell time on happy faces had a mediating effect on the relationship between interpersonal emotion regulation ability and trait anxiety. Preference for positive social signals might form one attentional pathway through which emotion regulation abilities promote positive mood and buffer the development of anxiety reactions in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Suslow
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dennis Hoepfel
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vivien Günther
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anette Kersting
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Charlott Maria Bodenschatz
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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