1
|
Bertuzzi AF, Grimaudo MS, Laffi A, Giordano L, Gennaro N, Cariboni U, Siracusano LV, Quagliuolo V, Colombo P, Federico D, Renne SL, Specchia C, Cananzi F, Marrari A, Navarria P, Daolio PA, Bastoni S, Santoro A. Multidisciplinary management of adolescents and young adults (AYA) sarcoma: A successful effort of an adult high-volume cancer center. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16254-16263. [PMID: 37366268 PMCID: PMC10469812 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of AYA sarcomas and their clinical outcomes at a high-volume single center. METHODS Demographic, clinicopathological data on the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of all sarcoma patients aged 16-39 years (ys) observed at our Institute between January 2010 and December 2021 were retrospectively collected, including diagnostic (TTD) and treatment delay(TTT), clinical outcomes (OS and PFS), and late-treatment effects. RESULTS We identified 228 AYA patients, median age 30 years, 29% ≤ 25 years, 57% males, 88% soft tissue sarcomas (STS), and 12% bone sarcomas (BS). Among STSs, 13% were small round cell tumors (SRCT), 52% intermediate-high-grade, 24% low-grade STSs. Among BS, 32% were high-grade. Median TTD and TTT were 120 (0-8255) and 7 days (0-83), respectively. Surgery was performed in 83%, radiotherapy in 29%, and systemic therapy in 27%. Median follow-up was 72.9 months(1.6-145), 5-year and 10-year OS were 78.5% and 62%, respectively. Kaplan-Meyer analysis showed a significantly better 5-year OS and PFS for patients with >92 days of TTD (OS 85.7% vs. 66.7%, p = 0.001, PFS 50.2% vs. 24.9%, p = 0.009). According to age (≤25 years vs. > 25 years), 5-year OS was 69.8% versus 82.2%, respectively (p = 0.047). CONCLUSION Our analysis confirmed previous data on sarcoma AYA patients followed in a referral center. Unexpectedly, diagnostic delay was not associated with poor OS and PFS. Patients <25 years showed a poorer prognosis due to the higher incidence of SRCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alice Laffi
- Department of Oncology & HematologyIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | - Laura Giordano
- Biostatistic UnitIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | - Nicolò Gennaro
- Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUSA
| | - Umberto Cariboni
- Department of SurgeryIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | | | | | - Piergiuseppe Colombo
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityItaly
- Department of PathologyIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | - D’Orazio Federico
- Department of RadiologyIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | - Salvatore Lorenzo Renne
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityItaly
- Department of PathologyIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | - Cristina Specchia
- Department of GynecologyIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | - Ferdinando Cananzi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityItaly
- Department of SurgeryIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | - Andrea Marrari
- Department of OncologyIstituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
| | - Pierina Navarria
- Department of Radiotherapy and RadiosurgeryIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | | | | | - Armando Santoro
- Department of Oncology & HematologyIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityItaly
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Younger E, Husson O, Asare B, Benson C, Judson I, Miah A, Zaidi S, Dunlop A, Al-Muderis O, van Houdt WJ, Jones RL, van der Graaf WTA. Metastatic Soft Tissue Sarcomas in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Specialist Center Experience. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2020; 9:628-638. [PMID: 32379517 PMCID: PMC7757586 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2020.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) account for 8% of all cancers in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). Metastatic STS contribute significantly to disease-related mortality in this age group; however, data are limited due to under-representation in clinical trials. Methods: AYAs aged 18-39 years, diagnosed with metastatic STS between 1990 and 2012, were identified from The Royal Marsden Hospital database. Outcomes of interest were clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, overall survival (OS), and prognostic factors. Results: Overall, 455 patients were included. Median age at diagnosis of metastatic STS was 33 years (interquartile range [IQR] 27-37 years). The most common histological subtypes were leiomyosarcoma (n = 68, 15%), synovial sarcoma (n = 68, 15%), Ewing sarcoma (n = 44, 10%), and rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 35, 8%). Treatments included systemic therapy (n = 395, 87%; median 2 lines [IQR 1-3]; clinical trial n = 93, 22%), radiotherapy (n = 297, 66%), and metastasectomy (n = 191, 43%). Median duration between last chemotherapy regimen and death was 4.6 months (IQR 2-10). Median OS was 19.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.8-22.2); 5-year OS was 16%. Of common subtypes, patients with rhabdomyosarcoma had the worst OS (8.8 months; 95% CI 7.9-11.4). Adverse prognostic factors included male gender, synchronous metastases, bone or liver metastases, first-line polychemotherapy, and no metastasectomy. Conclusions: Outcomes were variable; patients with supposed chemosensitive subtypes had particularly poor survival. The diverse behavior of STS in AYAs highlights the need for subtype-specific clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenie Younger
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Husson
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernice Asare
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Benson
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Judson
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aisha Miah
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shane Zaidi
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Dunlop
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Omar Al-Muderis
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Winan J van Houdt
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin L Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Winette T A van der Graaf
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hashimoto K, Nishimura S, Oka N, Akagi M. Clinical features and outcomes of primary bone and soft tissue sarcomas in adolescents and young adults. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 12:358-364. [PMID: 32190320 PMCID: PMC7058051 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of adolescents and young adults with bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Records of seven male and six female patients aged 17-39 years with bone or soft tissue sarcomas were reviewed retrospectively; data on histology, size, location, grade/stage, treatment, recurrence, presence of metastasis, and prognosis were retrieved. Five-year survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and were compared according to age, sarcoma type, histological grade, and location. Seven and six patients had bone and soft tissue sarcomas, respectively. In terms of histology, patients with bone sarcomas included four with osteosarcoma, two with chondrosarcoma, and one with Ewing sarcoma of the bone. Of those with soft tissue sarcomas, three had liposarcomas, two had synovial sarcomas, and one each had Ewing sarcoma and leiomyosarcoma. The five-year survival rate of the cohort was 57.1%. Younger patients with sarcoma had poorer survival than older patients. Patients with high-grade sarcomas also had poorer survival than those with low-grade tumors. In addition, patients with trunk-located tumors had poorer survival than those with tumors in the extremities. These findings suggest that, younger adolescents and young adults with high-grade or trunk-located sarcomas require more aggressive treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Shunji Nishimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Naohiro Oka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masao Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shnorhavorian M, Doody DR, Chen VW, Hamilton AS, Kato I, Cress RD, West M, Wu XC, Keegan TH, Harlan LC, Schwartz SM. Knowledge of Clinical Trial Availability and Reasons for Nonparticipation Among Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients: A Population-based Study. Am J Clin Oncol 2018; 41:581-587. [PMID: 27635619 PMCID: PMC8890672 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients are underrepresented in clinical trials, but the reasons for this phenomenon are unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS Questionnaire and medical record data from 515 AYA cancer patients (21 acute lymphocytic leukemia [ALL], 201 germ cell tumor, 141 Hodgkin lymphoma, 128 non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 24 sarcoma) from a population-based study were analyzed. We used multivariable models to determine characteristics associated with patient knowledge of the availability of clinical trials for their cancer. Reasons for not participating in a trial were tabulated. RESULTS In total, 63% of patients reported not knowing whether a relevant clinical trial was available, 20% reported knowing that a clinical trial was not available, and 17% reported that a trial was available. Among patients reporting an available trial, 67% were recommended for enrollment. Knowing about the availability of clinical trials was associated with having ALL (odds ratio=2.9, 95% confidence interval=1.1, 7.8). Reporting that a clinical trial was available was positively associated with having ALL, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and sarcoma (relative to germ cell tumor) and working full-time or in school full-time (odds ratio=2.6, 95% confidence interval=1.0, 6.7). Concerns about involvement in research (57%) and problems accessing trials (21%) were the primary reasons cited for not enrolling among patients who knew that a trial was available. CONCLUSIONS Improvement in AYA cancer patient clinical trial enrollment will require enhancing knowledge about trial availability and addressing this population's concerns about participating in medical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarett Shnorhavorian
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA
- Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - David R. Doody
- Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Vivien W. Chen
- Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Ann S. Hamilton
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ikuko Kato
- Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 Jon R MM04EP, Detroit, MI
| | - Rosemary D. Cress
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Michele West
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Xiao-Cheng Wu
- Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Theresa H.M. Keegan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA
| | - Linda C. Harlan
- Applied Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephen M. Schwartz
- Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Variations of Surveillance Practice for Patients with Bone Sarcoma: A Survey of Australian Sarcoma Clinicians. Sarcoma 2017; 2017:1837475. [PMID: 28348507 PMCID: PMC5350324 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1837475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. After treatment, bone sarcoma patients carry a high chance of relapse and late effects from multimodal therapy. We hypothesize that significant variation in surveillance practice exists between pediatric medical oncology (PO) and nonpediatric medical oncology (NP) sarcoma disciplines. Methods. Australian sarcoma clinicians were approached to do a web based survey that assessed radiologic surveillance (RS) strategies, late toxicity assessment, and posttreatment psychosocial interventions. Results. In total, 51 clinicians responded. No differences were identified in local disease RS. In metastatic disease response assessment, 100% of POs (23/23) and 93% of NPs (24/26) conducted CT chest. However, this was more likely to occur for NPs in the context of a CT chest/abdomen/pelvis (NP: 10/26; PO: 1/23; p = 0.006). POs were more likely to use CXR for RS (p = 0.006). POs showed more prescriptive intensity in assessment of heart function (p = 0.001), hearing (p < 0.001), and fertility (p = 0.02). POs were more likely to deliver written information for health maintenance/treatment summary (p = 0.04). The majority of respondents described enquiring about psychosocial aspects of health (n = 33/37, 89%), but a routine formal psychosocial screen was only used by 23% (n = 6/26). Conclusion. There is high variability in bone sarcoma surveillance between PO and NP clinicians. Efforts to harmonize approaches would allow early and late effects recognition/intervention and facilitate improved patient care/transition and research.
Collapse
|
6
|
Deivaraju C, Temple HT, Block N, Robinson P, Schally AV. LHRH receptor expression in sarcomas of bone and soft tissue. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2017; 28:105-111. [PMID: 27639272 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2016-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) is a neurohormone, secreted by the hypothalamus, which regulates the secretion of gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary. LHRH acts by binding to receptors located in the pituitary gland. These receptors (LHRH receptors) have also been found in the cytoplasm of many tumor cells that involve both the reproductive and non-reproductive organs. These receptors have been demonstrated in prostate and breast cancers, endometrial carcinomas, renal cell carcinoma, lymphoma, carcinoma of liver, pancreas and skin. So far, the expression of LHRH receptors on sarcomas (i.e. malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin) has not been studied, except for endometrial sarcomas. It has also been demonstrated that both LHRH agonists and antagonists can down-regulate these receptors and thus inhibit these tumor cells. Another major therapeutic implication is that these receptors can be targeted specifically by peptides conjugated to anti-cancer drugs. The purpose of this study was to determine if LHRH receptors are expressed in primary and/or metastatic sarcomas of human origin. METHODS We looked at LHRH receptor expression in 38 consecutive sarcoma specimens, using immunohistochemistry. The specimens were either from office biopsy or from resected tumor; these were confirmed as sarcomas by histopathological examination. The receptor staining characteristics and the staining intensity were also documented. The pattern of staining was classified either as "focal or diffuse staining of the cytoplasm" and the intensity of staining was graded on a scale from 1+ to 4+. RESULTS Positive receptor staining was seen in 25 of the 38 (66%) specimens. Twelve of the specimens stained diffusely and 13 had focally positive staining. Three tumors had 1+ staining, 10 had 2+ staining, six had 3+ staining, and six tumors had 4+ staining. The tumors included undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, osteosarcoma, myofibroblastic sarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, metastatic chondrosarcoma and chordoma. CONCLUSION Sarcomas express LHRH receptors with a varying incidence and degree. Our study suggests that those sarcomas that are LHRH receptor positive could potentially be treated with targeted chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Hsieh MC, Wu XC, Andrews PA, Chen VW. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Incidence and Trends of Soft Tissue Sarcoma Among Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States, 1995-2008. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2013; 2:89-94. [PMID: 24066270 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2012.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine racial/ethnic disparities in the incidence rates and trends of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) by gender, age, and histological type among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15-29 years. METHODS The 1995-2008 incidence data from 25 population-based cancer registries, covering 64% of the United States population, were obtained from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results AYA site recode and International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition, were adopted to categorize STS histological types and anatomic groups. Age-adjusted incidence rates and average annual percent change (AAPC) were calculated. RESULTS The incidence of all STSs combined was 34% higher in males than females (95% CI: 1.28, 1.39), 60% higher among blacks than whites (95% CI: 1.52, 1.68), and slightly higher among Hispanics than whites. Compared with whites, blacks had significantly higher incidence of fibromatous neoplasms, and Hispanics had significantly higher incidence of liposarcoma. Whites were more likely to be diagnosed with synovial sarcoma than blacks. Black and Hispanic males had significantly higher Kaposi sarcoma incidence than white males. The AAPC of all STSs combined showed a significant decrease from 1995 to 2008 (AAPC=-2.1%; 95% CI: -3.2%, -1.0%). However, after excluding Kaposi sarcoma, there was no significant trend. CONCLUSION The incidence rates of STS histological types in AYAs vary among racial/ethnic groups. The declining trends of STS are due mainly to decreasing incidence of Kaposi sarcoma in all races/ethnicities. Research to identify factors associated with racial/ethnic disparities in AYA STS is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chin Hsieh
- Louisiana Tumor Registry and Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kasper B, Ouali M, van Glabbeke M, Blay JY, Bramwell VHC, Woll PJ, Hohenberger P, Schöffski P. Prognostic factors in adolescents and young adults (AYA) with high risk soft tissue sarcoma (STS) treated by adjuvant chemotherapy: a study based on pooled European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) clinical trials 62771 and 62931. Eur J Cancer 2012; 49:449-56. [PMID: 22975215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a retrospective study, pooling data from two clinical trials in high risk soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients, with the objective of comparing two different age groups: 15-29 years (adolescents and young adults (AYA) population) and ≥ 30 years. The aim was to determine prognostic factors for the AYA population. METHODS Patients selected for analysis were treated in two randomised trials of adjuvant chemotherapy in STS (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 62771 and 62931). A total of 793 patients were included with a median follow-up (FU) of 8.74 years (AYA population: n=161, median FU 9.46 years; patients ≥ 30 years: n=632, median FU 8.62 years). Study endpoints were overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). The variables of the multivariate analysis were gender, subtype and grade, tumour size and localisation (limb versus other), absence or presence of local recurrence and treatment (control arm versus adjuvant chemotherapy). RESULTS Patients' characteristics were globally similar with two exceptions, histological subtype (p=0.0043) and tumour size (p<.0001). The commonest sarcoma subtype in the AYA population was synovial sarcoma (29%), whereas leiomyosarcoma (18%), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH, presently being termed undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), 16%) and liposarcoma (15%) were more frequent in patients ≥ 30 years. For OS, independent favourable prognostic factors were low grade and small tumour size for both groups; radical resection and MFH or liposarcoma subtype were favourable factors for patients ≥ 30 years only. For RFS, favourable prognostic factors were small tumour size and low grade for both groups; tumour location in the extremities was a favourable factor for the AYA population only, whereas radical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy treatment were favourable factors for patients ≥ 30y ears only. CONCLUSIONS Significant differences could be found concerning prognostic factors between the AYA population and older patients. Interestingly, adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved RFS only in patients ≥ 30 years. The results may have further implications for the treatment of STS patients in different age groups, as well as the design of future clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Kasper
- University of Heidelberg, Mannheim University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pediatric extremity soft-tissue sarcomas: from diagnosis to surgical treatment. CURRENT ORTHOPAEDIC PRACTICE 2010. [DOI: 10.1097/bco.0b013e3181e575bf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
11
|
Burke ME, Albritton K, Marina N. Challenges in the recruitment of adolescents and young adults to cancer clinical trials. Cancer 2008; 110:2385-93. [PMID: 17918260 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.23060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology population has seen inferior progress in cancer survival compared with younger children and older adults over the past 25 years. Previously, AYAs had the best survival rates due to the prevalence of highly curable diseases including Hodgkin lymphoma and germ cell tumors, yet today AYAs have inferior survival rates to children and some adult cohorts. Survival rates are particularly poor for AYA-specific diseases such as sarcomas. Research involving children and adults diagnosed with common malignancies such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia has resulted in improved survival rates. However, AYAs have not directly benefited from such research due to low rates of access to and accrual on clinical trials. AYAs are less likely to have insurance or access to healthcare, are more likely to see providers who are not part of research institutions, and are less likely to be referred to or to join clinical trials, all of which may contribute to worse outcomes. Few clinical trials target AYA-specific diseases, leading to little information regarding how these diseases behave and what role the host plays. Tumor samples for this population are underrepresented in national tumor banks. Coupled with the need for more clinical trials that focus on AYA-specific cancers, better collaboration between adult and pediatric cooperative groups as well as increased education among community oncologists and primary care providers will be needed to enhance participation in clinical trials with the goal to increase survival and improve quality of that survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Burke
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Background Sarcomas are rare mesenchymally derived tumors for which there are limited treatment options. This paper discusses the current therapeutic potential of directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in sarcoma. Methods The authors review antibody-based strategies and small molecular inhibitors of TKIs, with specific emphasis placed on the potential use of these targeted agents as therapeutic options for the treatment of sarcomas that are not gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Results Many TKs have been shown to be mutated or overexpressed in human sarcoma tumors and cell lines and may serve as potential targets for promising new sarcoma therapies. Furthermore, the novel mechanism of targeting TKs may complement the antitumor activity of existing sarcoma treatment options. Conclusions TKIs such as imatinib, sunitinib, and sorefanib are promising new therapeutic options for the management of patients with soft tissue sarcoma.
Collapse
|
13
|
Shor AC, Keschman EA, Lee FY, Muro-Cacho C, Letson GD, Trent JC, Pledger WJ, Jove R. Dasatinib inhibits migration and invasion in diverse human sarcoma cell lines and induces apoptosis in bone sarcoma cells dependent on SRC kinase for survival. Cancer Res 2007; 67:2800-8. [PMID: 17363602 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-3469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sarcomas are rare malignant mesenchymal tumors for which there are limited treatment options. One potential molecular target for sarcoma treatment is the Src tyrosine kinase. Dasatinib (BMS-354825), a small-molecule inhibitor of Src kinase activity, is a promising cancer therapeutic agent with p.o. bioavailability. Dasatinib exhibits antitumor effects in cultured human cell lines derived from epithelial tumors, including prostate and lung carcinomas. However, the action of dasatinib in mesenchymally derived tumors has yet to be shown. Based on our previous findings of Src activation in human sarcomas, we evaluated the effects of dasatinib in 12 cultured human sarcoma cell lines derived from bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Dasatinib inhibited Src kinase activity at nanomolar concentrations in these sarcoma cell lines. Downstream components of Src signaling, including focal adhesion kinase and Crk-associated substrate (p130(CAS)), were also inhibited at similar concentrations. This inhibition of Src signaling was accompanied by blockade of cell migration and invasion. Moreover, apoptosis was induced in the osteosarcoma and Ewing's subset of bone sarcomas at nanomolar concentrations of dasatinib. Inhibition of Src protein expression by small interfering RNA also induced apoptosis, indicating that these bone sarcoma cell lines are dependent on Src activity for survival. These results show that dasatinib inhibits migration and invasion of diverse sarcoma cell types and selectively blocks the survival of bone sarcoma cells. Therefore, dasatinib may provide therapeutic benefit by preventing the growth and metastasis of sarcomas in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey C Shor
- Gonzmart Laboratory, Sarcoma Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|