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Gryka-Marton M, Szukiewicz D, Teliga-Czajkowska J, Olesinska M. An Overview of Neonatal Lupus with Anti-Ro Characteristics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179281. [PMID: 34502221 PMCID: PMC8431034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is a syndrome of clinical symptoms observed in neonates born to mothers with antibodies to soluble antigens of the cell nucleus. The main factors contributing to the pathogenesis of this disease are anti-Sjögren Syndrome A (anti-SS-A) antibodies, known as anti-Ro, and anti-Sjögren Syndrome B (anti-SS-B) antibodies, known as anti-La. Recent publications have also shown the significant role of anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies (anti-RNP). Seropositive mothers may have a diagnosed rheumatic disease or they can be asymptomatic without diagnosis at the time of childbirth. These antibodies, after crossing the placenta, may trigger a cascade of inflammatory reactions. The symptoms of NLE can be divided into reversible symptoms, which concern skin, hematological, and hepatological changes, but 2% of children develop irreversible symptoms, which include disturbances of the cardiac stimulatory and conduction system. Preconceptive care and pharmacological prophylaxis of NLE in the case of mothers from the risk group are important, as well as the monitoring of the clinical condition of the mother and fetus throughout pregnancy and the neonatal period. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the previous literature and current state of knowledge about neonatal lupus and to discuss the role of anti-Ro in the inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Gryka-Marton
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Systemic Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-663-204-405
| | - Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Justyna Teliga-Czajkowska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Didactics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marzena Olesinska
- Department of Systemic Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland;
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Galal G, Tammam H, Abdel Aal A, Fahmy N, Sheneef A, Ahmed N, Zaghloul A. Role of Lymphotoxin-α Gene Polymorphism in Hepatitis C Virus-Related Chronic Liver Disorders. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:1921-1930. [PMID: 34079302 PMCID: PMC8164674 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s306879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family includes lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA) which is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which plays a role in hepatic fibrogenesis. LTA gene polymorphism plays a role in different inflammatory and immunomodulatory diseases. This polymorphism is also suggested to affect chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection course. Aim To study the contribution of LTA gene polymorphism in different chronic hepatitis C stages and hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Patients and Methods Our study included 108 chronic HCV patients grouped according to the disease stage. Group (A): CHC, group (B): liver cirrhosis (LC), group (C): LC with HCC, and group (D): healthy controls. Routine laboratory investigations, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for quantification of HCV, abdominal ultrasonography, and Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were done. Child–Turcotte–Pugh, Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), and Fibrosis index based on 4 (FIB-4) scores were calculated. We used the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique for lymphotoxin-α genotyping. Results The A/G genotype was predominant in all groups. In HCC patients, G/G genotype was more frequent (31.8%) than in the LC group (19.4%), CHC group (17.8%), and controls (4.17%). A significant association was found between LTA genotypes and the child classes in HCC (P<0.01) but not in LC patients (P>0.05). HCC patients carrying A/G genotype had higher MELD scores than other genotypes. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis confirmed that LTA G/G genotype and low platelet count were independent predictors for HCC development in patients with HCV-related LC. Conclusion Detection of LTA G/G genotype in chronic HCV patients could help to recognize high-risk patients for disease progression and HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Galal
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Hammam Tammam
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Amal Abdel Aal
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Nahed Fahmy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Abeer Sheneef
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Nagwa Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Amr Zaghloul
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Pérez-Rubio G, Ponce-Gallegos MA, Domínguez-Mazzocco BA, Ponce-Gallegos J, García-Ramírez RA, Falfán-Valencia R. Role of the Host Genetic Susceptibility to 2009 Pandemic Influenza A H1N1. Viruses 2021; 13:344. [PMID: 33671828 PMCID: PMC7926867 DOI: 10.3390/v13020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is the most common infectious agent in humans, and infects approximately 10-20% of the world's population, resulting in 3-5 million hospitalizations per year. A scientific literature search was performed using the PubMed database and the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) "Influenza A H1N1" and "Genetic susceptibility". Due to the amount of information and evidence about genetic susceptibility generated from the studies carried out in the last influenza A H1N1 pandemic, studies published between January 2009 to May 2020 were considered; 119 papers were found. Several pathways are involved in the host defense against IAV infection (innate immune response, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, complement activation, and HLA molecules participating in viral antigen presentation). On the other hand, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a type of variation involving the change of a single base pair that can mean that encoded proteins do not carry out their functions properly, allowing higher viral replication and abnormal host response to infection, such as a cytokine storm. Some of the most studied SNPs associated with IAV infection genetic susceptibility are located in the FCGR2A, C1QBP, CD55, and RPAIN genes, affecting host immune responses through abnormal complement activation. Also, SNPs in IFITM3 (which participates in endosomes and lysosomes fusion) represent some of the most critical polymorphisms associated with IAV infection, suggesting an ineffective virus clearance. Regarding inflammatory response genes, single nucleotide variants in IL1B, TNF, LTA IL17A, IL8, IL6, IRAK2, PIK3CG, and HLA complex are associated with altered phenotype in pro-inflammatory molecules, participating in IAV infection and the severest form of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.P.-R.); (M.A.P.-G.); (B.A.D.-M.); (R.A.G.-R.)
| | - Marco Antonio Ponce-Gallegos
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.P.-R.); (M.A.P.-G.); (B.A.D.-M.); (R.A.G.-R.)
| | - Bruno André Domínguez-Mazzocco
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.P.-R.); (M.A.P.-G.); (B.A.D.-M.); (R.A.G.-R.)
| | - Jaime Ponce-Gallegos
- High Speciality Cardiology Unit “Korazón”, Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Tepic 63173, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Román Alejandro García-Ramírez
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.P.-R.); (M.A.P.-G.); (B.A.D.-M.); (R.A.G.-R.)
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.P.-R.); (M.A.P.-G.); (B.A.D.-M.); (R.A.G.-R.)
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Yang C, Tang S, Zhu D, Ding Y, Qiao J. Classical Disease-Specific Autoantibodies in Systemic Sclerosis: Clinical Features, Gene Susceptibility, and Disease Stratification. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:587773. [PMID: 33330547 PMCID: PMC7710911 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.587773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by abnormalities in microcirculation, extracellular matrix accumulation, and immune activation. Autoantibodies are markers of immune abnormalities and provide diagnostic and predictive value in SSc. Anti-topoisomerase antibodies (ATAs), anticentromere antibodies (ACAs), and anti-RNA polymerase antibodies (ARAs) are the three classical specific antibodies with the highest availability and stability. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent progress in SSc research with respect to ATAs, ACAs, and ARAs, focusing on their application in distinguishing clinical phenotypes, such as malignancy and organ involvement, identifying genetic background in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) or non-HLA alleles, and their potential roles in disease pathogenesis based on the effects of antigen-antibody binding. We finally summarized the novel analysis using ATAs, ACAs, and ARAs on more detailed disease clusters. Considering these advantages, this review emphasizes that classical SSc-specific autoantibodies are still practical and have the potential for patient and risk stratification with applications in precise medicine for SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shunli Tang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dingxian Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingguo Ding
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Association between the HLA-DRB1*03:01-DQB1*02:01 haplotype and PF4/heparin antibodies. Blood Adv 2020; 3:3136-3142. [PMID: 31648318 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
HLA-DRB1*03:01-DQB1*02:01 haplotype patients develop higher anti–platelet factor 4/heparin (PF4/H) levels following IV heparin exposure. HLA-restricted antigen presentation may play a role in the formation of anti-PF4/H antibodies.
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Associations of lymphotoxin-a (LTA) rs909253 A/G gene polymorphism, plasma level and risk of ankylosing spondylitis in a Chinese Han population. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1412. [PMID: 31996699 PMCID: PMC6989688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphotoxin-a (LTA) may be associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. To assess the association of the LTA rs909253 A/G polymorphism with plasma level and risk of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in a Chinese Han population. Genotyping and LTA plasma were tested by mass spectroscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The results showed that the average plasma level of LTA in AS was significantly lower than in the controls (P = 0.000). Our results also indicated that LTA rs909253 A/G was associated with a decreased risk of AS (G vs. A: P = 0.014). Significant differences were also found between the rs909253 A/G genotype and down-regulated plasma level in AS patients, compared with controls. After stratification analysis, a decreased risk of AS was associated with the LTA rs909253 G allele (G vs. A) among female patients, younger patients (Yr. < 30), HLA-B27-positive patients. In addition, In conclusion, LTA rs909253 A/G genotype has a significant relationship with decreased susceptibility to AS.
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TNF-α promoter polymorphisms (G-238A and G-308A) are associated with susceptibility to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and P. falciparum malaria: a study in malaria endemic area. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11752. [PMID: 31409832 PMCID: PMC6692415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine associated with autoimmune and infectious diseases. Importance of TNF-α in P. falciparum malaria and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been demonstrated. However, association of functional promoter variants with SLE and malaria is lacking in malaria endemic population. A total of 204 female SLE patients and 224 age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Three hundred fourteen P. falciparum infected patients with different clinical phenotypes were included. TNF-α polymorphisms (G-238A & G-308A) were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Plasma levels of TNF-α was quantified by ELISA. Heterozygous mutants and minor alleles of TNF-α (G-238A and G-308A) polymorphisms were significantly higher in SLE patients compared to healthy controls and associated with development of lupus nephritis. In addition, both promoter variants were associated with severe P. falciparum malaria. SLE patients demonstrated higher levels of plasma TNF-α compared to healthy controls. TNF-α (G-238A and G-308A) variants were associated with higher plasma TNF-α. In conclusion, TNF-α (G-238A & G-308A) variants are associated with higher plasma TNF-α levels in SLE patients residing in malaria endemic areas and could be a contributing factor in the development of SLE and susceptibility to severe P. falciparum malaria.
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de Medeiros FA, Alfieri DF, Iriyoda TMV, Costa NT, de Almeida ERD, Lozovoy MAB, Mari NL, Flauzino T, Reiche EMV, Dichi I, Simão ANC. TNF-β +252 A>G (rs909253) polymorphism is independently associated with presence of autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Exp Med 2019; 19:347-356. [PMID: 31049794 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-019-00556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The TNF-β +252 A>G (rs909253) polymorphism has been associated with a risk of development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and could influence plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the TNF-β +252 A>G polymorphism with plasma TNF-α levels, the presence of autoantibodies, and the susceptibility for RA. This cross-sectional study included 261 patients with RA and 292 controls. The polymorphism was studied using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Soluble TNF-α and receptors swere measured by multiplex assay. Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) were measured using immunoassay. No differences were observed in allele frequency and genotype distribution among patients and controls. The presence of RF (p = 0.020) and anti-CCP (p = 0.001) increased 4.23-fold and 8.13-fold, respectively, in patients with B1 allele (B1/B2 + B1/B1 genotypes) independently of demographic, clinical, and inflammatory markers. Among patients with B1/B2 + B1/B1 genotypes, higher TNF-α levels were associated with positive RF (p = 0.040), anti-CCP (p = 0.011), or both (p = 0.038). In patients carrying B1 allele, the increased sTNFR1 together with RF or anti-CCP or both explained about 39.0% the variations in TNF-α level. However, in B2/B2 genotype, the presence of those autoantibodies was not associated with TNF-α level. Our findings indicate that the TNF-β +252 A>G polymorphism was not associated with RA susceptibility and TNF-α plasma levels. However, B1 allele was associated with the presence of autoantibodies. In addition, interaction between the presence of B1 allele and autoantibodies was associated with the increase of plasma TNF-α level in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Frizon Alfieri
- Research Laboratory in Applied Immunology, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Neide Tomimura Costa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elaine Regina Delicato de Almeida
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Robert Koch Avenue No. 60 Bairro Cervejaria, Londrina, Paraná, CEP: 86038-440, Brazil
| | - Marcell Alysson Batisti Lozovoy
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Robert Koch Avenue No. 60 Bairro Cervejaria, Londrina, Paraná, CEP: 86038-440, Brazil
| | - Naiara Lourenço Mari
- Research Laboratory in Applied Immunology, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tamires Flauzino
- Research Laboratory in Applied Immunology, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Robert Koch Avenue No. 60 Bairro Cervejaria, Londrina, Paraná, CEP: 86038-440, Brazil
| | - Isaias Dichi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andréa Name Colado Simão
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Robert Koch Avenue No. 60 Bairro Cervejaria, Londrina, Paraná, CEP: 86038-440, Brazil.
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Caster DJ, Powell DW, Miralda I, Ward RA, McLeish KR. Re-Examining Neutrophil Participation in GN. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2275-2289. [PMID: 28620081 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016121271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant advances in understanding the pathogenesis of GN have occurred in recent decades. Among those advances is the finding that both innate and adaptive immune cells contribute to the development of GN. Neutrophils were recognized as key contributors in early animal models of GN, at a time when the prevailing view considered neutrophils to function as nonspecific effector cells that die quickly after performing antimicrobial functions. However, advances over the past two decades have shown that neutrophil functions are more complex and sophisticated. Specifically, research has revealed that neutrophil survival is regulated by the inflammatory milieu and that neutrophils demonstrate plasticity, mediate microbial killing through previously unrecognized mechanisms, demonstrate transcriptional activity leading to the release of cytokines and chemokines, interact with and regulate cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems, and contribute to the resolution of inflammation. Therefore, neutrophil participation in glomerular diseases deserves re-evaluation. In this review, we describe advances in understanding classic neutrophil functions, review the expanded roles of neutrophils in innate and adaptive immune responses, and summarize current knowledge of neutrophil contributions to GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn J Caster
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, .,Nephrology Section, Medicine Service, Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky, and
| | - David W Powell
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Irina Miralda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Richard A Ward
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Kenneth R McLeish
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.,Nephrology Section, Medicine Service, Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky, and
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Yang ZC, Xu F, Tang M, Xiong X. Association Between TNF-α Promoter −308 A/G Polymorphism and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Susceptibility: A Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis. Scand J Immunol 2017; 85:197-210. [PMID: 27943420 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z.-C. Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology; the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Luzhou Sichuan China
| | - F. Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology; the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Luzhou Sichuan China
| | - M. Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology; the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Luzhou Sichuan China
| | - X. Xiong
- Department of Dermatology; the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Luzhou Sichuan China
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Umare VD, Pradhan VD, Rajadhyaksha AG, Patwardhan MM, Ghosh K, Nadkarni AH. Impact of TNF-α and LTα gene polymorphisms on genetic susceptibility in Indian SLE patients. Hum Immunol 2017; 78:201-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abdel Halim W, Rageh I, Sharaawy A, Fouda A, Abdelgawad E. Tumor necrosis factor-α promoter gene polymorphism (308 G/A) in the Egyptian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-208x.206895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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TNF-α - 308 G > A and IFN-γ + 874 A > T gene polymorphisms in Egyptian patients with lupus erythematosus. Meta Gene 2016; 9:137-41. [PMID: 27331019 PMCID: PMC4909826 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Piotrowski P, Wudarski M, Sowińska A, Olesińska M, Jagodziński PP. TNF-308 G/A polymorphism and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in the Polish population. Mod Rheumatol 2015; 25:719-23. [PMID: 25661739 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2015.1008778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Numerous studies have been performed with TNF-α-308 G/A (rs1800629) single nuclear polymorphism (SNP) to evaluate the risk of SLE in various ethnicities. However, the significance of TNF-α-308 G/A in both clinical and laboratory studies of the disease remains unclear. METHODS Using a high-resolution melting curve analysis, we assessed the prevalence of TNF-α-308 G/A SNP in SLE patients (n = 262) and controls (n = 528) in a Polish population. We also assessed the contribution of this SNP to various clinical symptoms and the presence of autoantibodies in SLE patients. RESULTS The p-value obtained using a χ(2) test for the trend of TNF-α-308 G/A was statistically significant (ptrend = 0.0297). However, using logistic regression analysis for the presence of the HLA-DRB1*03:01 haplotype, we observed that the TNF-α-308 G/A SNP may be the DRB1*03:01-dependent risk factor of SLE in the Polish population. There was a significant contribution of TNF-α-308 A/A and A/G genotypes to arthritis OR = [2.692 (1.503-4.822, p = 0.0007, pcorr = 0.0119)] as well as renal SLE manifestation OR = [2.632 (1.575-4.397, p = 0.0002, pcorr = 0.0034)]. There was a significant association between TNF-α-308 A/A and A/G genotypes and the presence of anti-Ro antibodies (Ab) OR = 3.375(1.711-6.658, p = 0.0003, pcorr = 0.0051). However, the logistic regression analysis revealed that only renal manifestations and the presence of anti-anti-Ro antibodies remained significant after adjustment to the presence of the HLA-DRB1*03:01 haplotype. CONCLUSION Our studies indicate that the TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism may be a DRB1*03:01 haplotype-dependent genetic risk factor for SLE. However, this SNP was independently associated with renal manifestations and production of anti-Ro Ab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Piotrowski
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Poznań University of Medical Sciences , Poznań , Poland
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Hornung T, Wenzel J. Innate immune-response mechanisms in dermatomyositis: an update on pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Drugs 2015; 74:981-98. [PMID: 24939511 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-014-0240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune disease mainly affecting muscle and skin. Typical clinical and laboratory findings include muscle weakness with elevated muscle enzymes, characteristic skin lesions (e.g., Gottron papules, heliotrope erythema, Shawl sign), and specific serum autoantibodies. Recent studies have highlighted the activation of the innate immune system, including high expression of interferons (IFNs) and IFN-regulated proteins, as an important pathological hallmark of DM. These findings have changed our understanding of the disease fundamentally, since inappropriate activation of the innate immune system with secondary dysregulation of the adaptive immune response is now considered to be a central pathogenetic feature of DM. In this article, we review current guidelines and standards in diagnosis and treatment. We detail evidence-based and pathophysiology-based treatment strategies, with a focus on skin as well as on muscle lesions. Particularly, we discuss how the recent advances in the understanding of the pathomechanisms of DM have altered our conception of the mode of action of established drugs such as chloroquine and methotrexate. Finally, we outline possible future treatment strategies, with a focus on the innate immune system, e.g., targeting the IFN system with the anti-IFN-α antibody sifalimumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Hornung
- Department of Dermatology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany
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Zhang C, Zhao MQ, Liu J, Huang Q, Li P, Ni J, Liang Y, Pan HF, Ye DQ. Association of lymphotoxin alpha polymorphism with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis. Int J Rheum Dis 2015; 18:398-407. [PMID: 25931031 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of eligible studies to derive precise estimation of the associations of lymphotoxin alpha (LTA) 252 A>G polymorphism (rs909253) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk. METHOD Data were collected from the following electronic databases, including EMBASE, PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). A total of 19 studies (13 studies involving 1346 SLE patients and 1951 controls, six studies involving 1079 RA patients and 1057 controls) were included. RESULTS This meta-analysis showed no evidence of significant association of the A allele with SLE susceptibility (odds ratio [OR] 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98-1.62, P = 0.073), but it showed a weaker association under an additive model (OR 1.63, 95%CI 1.01-2.65, P = 0.047). Stratification by ethnicity indicated that the variant A allele carriers increased the risk of SLE in Asians (OR 1.91, 95%CI 1.44-2.53, P < 0.001). However, we failed to reveal any association between LTA gene 252 A>G polymorphism and RA risk under all models (for A vs. G: OR 1.02, 95%CI 0.79-1.33, P = 0.853; for AA + AG vs. GG: OR 0.86, 95%CI 0.52-1.41, P = 0.542; for AA vs. AG + GG: OR 1.19, 95%CI 0.80-1.78, P = 0.394, for AA vs. GG: OR 1.03, 95%CI 0.58-1.84, P = 0.919). Similar results were obtained in the subgroup analysis based on ethnicity. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that LTA 252 A>G polymorphism is associated with SLE susceptibility in Asians, and there is no significant association between LTA 252 A>G polymorphism and RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meng-Qin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dong-Qing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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TNF-α promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes associate with susceptibility of immune thrombocytopenia in Chinese adults. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:980-5. [PMID: 25158149 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.08.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) participates as a candidate susceptibility factor for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). This study attempted to investigate the association between five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the TNF-α promoter and the susceptibility of primary ITP in Chinese Han adults. METHODS In 215 adult primary ITP patients and 206 healthy controls, SNPs were detected by PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSP. The χ(2) test or fisher's exact test was used to compare frequencies of genotypes and alleles between patients and controls. Haplotypes were analyzed with the SHEsis online program. TNF-α, IFN-γ and Galectin-9 mRNA of 35 newly diagnosed adult ITP patients and 35 healthy controls were detected by qRT-PCR. RESULTS The haplotype GGC (-238G/-308G/-857C) of TNF-α promoter was significantly associated with a decreased susceptibility of primary ITP, especially in males. The relative levels of mRNA expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ and Gal-9 in adult active primary ITP patients was significantly up-regulated compared with patients in remission and controls. CONCLUSIONS This study represented the first report that the haplotype GGC of TNF-α was differentially associated with the susceptibility of primary ITP in Chinese Han adults. The up-regulation of TNF-α, IFN-γ and Galectin-9 was significantly correlated with active primary ITP in adult patients.
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Ahmed HH, Taha FM, Darweesh HES, Morsi HMA. Association between TNF promoter -308 G>A and LTA 252 A>G polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:2029-36. [PMID: 24420856 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin alpha (LTA) are pivotal cytokines in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To investigate the possible association of the polymorphism of the TNF promoter gene -308 and that of the LTA gene 252 with susceptibility to SLE and with phenotypic disease features in Egyptian patients. A case control study involving 100 SLE patients and 100 unrelated healthy controls. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods were applied to detect genetic polymorphism. We found that TNF-308 genotype AA was significantly increase by 26 % in SLE patients compared to 10 % in the control group (p = 0.003; OR 3.16; CI 1.43-6.98) and the frequency of the A allele of the TNF promoter -308 was significantly higher in the SLE patients (42 %) than in the control subjects (24 %) (p < 0.001; OR 2.29; 95 % CI 1.49-3.52). Genotype LTA 252 GG showed a significant increase by 22 % in SLE patients compared to 6 % in the control group (p = 0.001; OR 4.42; 95 % CI 1.71-11.44), and the frequency of the G allele of the LTA was significantly higher in the SLE patients (38 %) than in the control subjects (21 %) (p < 0.001; OR 2.31; 95 % CI 1.48-3.6). Genotype (AA+GA) of TNF was significantly associated with clinical manifestations as malar rash, arthritis, oral ulcers, serositis and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index. Genotype (GG+GA) of LTA was significantly associated with arthritis. These results suggest that TNF and LTA genetic polymorphisms contribute to SLE susceptibility in the Egyptian population and are associated with disease characteristics. TNF-308 and LTA+252 polymorphic markers may be used for early diagnosis of SLE and early prediction of clinical manifestations, like arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Hosni Ahmed
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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19
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Muñoz SA, Aranda F, Allievi A, Orden AO, Perés Wingeyer S, Trobo R, Alvarez A, Eimon A, Barreira JC, Schneeberger E, Dal Pra F, Sarano J, Hofman J, Chamorro J, de Larrañaga G. 4G/5G plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and −308 A/G tumor necrosis factor-α promoter gene polymorphisms in Argentinean lupus patients: focus on lupus nephritis. Clin Exp Med 2012; 14:83-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-012-0221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Angelo HD, da Silva HA, Asano NMJ, Muniz MTC, de Mascena Diniz Maia M, de Souza PRE. Tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter polymorphism -308 G/A in Brazilian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Hum Immunol 2012; 73:1166-70. [PMID: 22884981 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.07.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antibodies to components of the cell nucleus in association with a diverse array of clinical manifestations. Polymorphisms in cytokines genes may play an important role in the development and clinical manifestation. Due to this, there is a great interest in the identification of biomarkers that which could quantify the susceptibility and disease activity. A case-control study of 98 lupus cases and 76 lupus-free adults controls, was performed to analyze whether or not the polymorphism of the TNF-α gene promoter at positions -308 G/A would alter the risk for SLE and clinical manifestations. Genotyping was carried out by polymerase chain reaction, PCR products were digested by NcoI restriction enzyme and fractionated after on 2% Agarose gel and visualized posteriorly staining by ethidium bromide. There were significant differences in the distribution of the TNF-α gene polymorphism between the SLE and control groups. Individual carriers of the variant allele A had a 3.29 (95% CI: 1.7738-6.1325)-fold increased risk for SLE. Moreover, association was observed between SLE patients and serositis (P=0.0228). This study presents a preliminary evidence of association between TNF-α polymorphism and SLE susceptibility in the Northeast population from Brazil.
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TNF-α-308 promoter G/A and PTPN22 (1858 C/T) genes polymorphisms in Egyptian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-012-1506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Pontillo A, Girardelli M, Kamada AJ, Pancotto JAT, Donadi EA, Crovella S, Sandrin-Garcia P. Polimorphisms in inflammasome genes are involved in the predisposition to systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity 2012; 45:271-8. [PMID: 22235789 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2011.637532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent findings provide evidence of inflammasome critical role in the predisposition to autoimmune disorders. The involvement of inflammasome in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been hypothesized even if no significant association within inflammasome genes mutations or polymorphisms and lupus has been reported yet. We analyzed 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 7 inflammasome genes (NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, CARD8, CASP1, IL1B) in 144 patients affected by systemic lupus erythematosus and in 158 healthy controls from Southern Brazilian (state of São Paulo) with the aim of disclosing the possible role of inflammasome genes in the susceptibility of SLE. Our results demonstrated that NLRP1 rs2670660 SNP and the NLRP1 rs12150220-rs2670660 A-G haplotype were associated with SLE in our study population, and in particular with the development of nephritis, rash and arthritis. These findings are concordant with previously reported association of NLRP1 with vitiligo and type-1 diabetes underlining once more the involvement of NALP1 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Pontillo
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Dermatology and Immunodeficiency, LIM-56, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Genetic risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus in the Malaysian population: a minireview. Clin Dev Immunol 2011; 2012:963730. [PMID: 21941582 PMCID: PMC3176625 DOI: 10.1155/2012/963730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SLE is an autoimmune disease that is not uncommon in Malaysia. In contrast to Malays and Indians, the Chinese seem to be most affected. SLE is characterized by deficiency of body's immune response that leads to production of autoantibodies and failure of immune complex clearance. This minireview attempts to summarize the association of several candidate genes with risk for SLE in the Malaysian population and discuss the genetic heterogeneity that exists locally in Asians and in comparison with SLE in Caucasians. Several groups of researchers have been actively investigating genes that are associated with SLE susceptibility in the Malaysian population by screening possible reported candidate genes across the SLE patients and healthy controls. These candidate genes include MHC genes and genes encoding complement components, TNF, FcγR, T-cell receptors, and interleukins. However, most of the polymorphisms investigated in these genes did not show significant associations with susceptibility to SLE in the Malaysian scenario, except for those occurring in MHC genes and genes coding for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-1RN, and IL-6.
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24
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Postal M, Appenzeller S. The role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Cytokine 2011; 56:537-43. [PMID: 21907587 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Revised: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a pleiotropic cytokine that produces different stimuli in various physiological and pathological conditions. TNF-α contributes importantly to the development of T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells. However, TNF-α is also a potent inflammatory mediator and apoptosis inducer. The significance of the TNF-α involvement in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains controversial. From the genetic standpoint, a number of studies suggest that the TNF-α gene polymorphism is involved in the susceptibility of SLE. Moreover, there is a close association between the TNF-α gene expression and clinical manifestations. In addition, the increased serum level of TNF-α is observed in SLE patients and associated with disease activity and certain systemic manifestations. Treatment with anti-TNF agents is, however, controversial in SLE since induction of antinuclear antibodies, anti-dsDNA, anticardiolipin antibodies, and cases of drug-induced lupus have been observed in rheumatoid arthritis patients. In this context, this study reviewed the importance of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Postal
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
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25
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TNF promoter -308 G>A and LTA 252 A>G polymorphisms in Portuguese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 2011; 32:2239-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-011-1950-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Association of TNF-α promoter-308 A/G polymorphism with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis. Rheumatol Int 2011; 32:2083-92. [PMID: 21499693 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-011-1924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Accepted: 03/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Published data on the association between tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) promoter-308 A/G polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) risk are inconclusive. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed. A total of 28 studies including 2,992 cases and 4,326 controls (5,924 cases and 8,484 controls in A versus G comparison) were involved in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was performed for genotypes A/A (recessive effect), A/A+A/G (dominant effect), and A allele in fixed or random effects models. In addition, we also performed a "model-free" analysis by considering the G/G genotype as the reference and estimated the OR for the A/A versus G/G and A/G versus G/G genotype. Overall, an association of TNF-α promoter-308 A/G polymorphism with SLE was found (A versus G: OR = 1.686, 95% CI = 1.400-2.032, P < 0.001; A/A versus A/G+G/G: OR = 3.043, 95% CI = 2.185-4.238, P < 0.001; A/A+A/G versus G/G: OR = 1.822, 95% CI = 1.379-2.407, P < 0.001; A/A versus G/G: OR = 3.686, 95% CI = 2.628-5.172, P < 0.001; A/G versus G/G: OR = 1.691, 95% CI = 1.291-2.215, P < 0.001). However, stratification by ethnicity indicated that the risk A allele was not associated with SLE in Asian (A versus G: OR = 1.207, 95% CI = 0.856-1.702, P = 0.283) and African population (A versus G: OR = 1.225, 95% CI = 0.597-2.516, P = 0.580). In summary, this meta-analysis indicated that TNF-α promoter-308-A/G polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to SLE.
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IL-10 and TNFalpha genotypes in SLE. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:838390. [PMID: 20625422 PMCID: PMC2896901 DOI: 10.1155/2010/838390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of two regulators of the inflammatory response, interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor
α (TNFα), has been found to be deeply deregulated in SLE patients, suggesting that these cytokines may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Genetic polymorphisms at the promoter regions of IL-10 and TNFα genes have been associated with different constitutive and induced cytokine production. Given that individual steady-state levels of these molecules may deviate an initial immune response towards different forms of lymphocyte activation, functional genetic variants in their promoters could influence the development of SLE. The present review summarizes the information previously reported about the involvement of IL-10 and TNFα genetic variants on SLE appearance, clinical phenotype, and outcome. We show that, in spite of the heterogeneity of the populations studied, the existing knowledge points towards a relevant role of IL-10 and TNFα genotypes in SLE.
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Zou YF, Feng XL, Tao JH, Su H, Pan FM, Liao FF, Fan Y, Ye DQ. Meta-analysis of TNF-α promoter -308A/G polymorphism and SLE susceptibility in Asian populations. Rheumatol Int 2010; 31:1055-64. [PMID: 20333386 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to summarize results on the association of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) promoter -308A/G polymorphism with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility in Asian populations by using the meta-analysis. We searched all the publications about the association between TNF-α promoter -308A/G polymorphism and SLE in Asian populations from PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang (Chinese). Meta-analysis was performed for genotypes AA versus GG, GA versus GG, AA versus GG + GA, GA + AA versus GG, and A allele versus G allele in a fixed/random effect model. A total of 12 studies (1017 cases and 1086 controls) were included in the current meta-analysis (Chinese, Japanese, and Thai). When all groups were pooled, a significant association of A allele and increased SLE risk was found (OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.04-2.01, P = 0.03). When analyses were restricted to more ethnically homogeneous populations, similar result was found in Chinese population (OR = 1.59, 95%CI = 1.12-2.26, P = 0.009). But the association between TNF-α promoter -308 polymorphism and SLE was not observed when examining the contrast of G/A + A/A versus G/G, A/A versus A/G + G/G, A/A versus G/G, and G/A versus G/G. This meta-analysis demonstrates the association between TNF-α promoter -308A/G polymorphism and SLE in Asian populations, especially in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Feng Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Zou YF, Feng XL, Pan FM, Su H, Tao JH, Ye DQ. Meta-analysis of TNF-α promoter − 238A/G polymorphism and SLE susceptibility. Autoimmunity 2010; 43:264-74. [DOI: 10.3109/08916930903509049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Lu LJ, Wallace DJ, Navarra SV, Weisman MH. Lupus Registries: Evolution and Challenges. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2010; 39:224-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2008.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lin YJ, Chen RH, Wan L, Sheu JC, Huang CM, Lin CW, Chen SY, Lai CH, Lan YC, Hsueh KC, Tsai CH, Lin TH, Huang YM, Chao K, Chen DY, Tsai FJ. Association of TNF-alpha gene polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus in Taiwanese patients. Lupus 2010; 18:974-9. [PMID: 19762398 DOI: 10.1177/0961203309105361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), an important proinflammatory cytokine, exerts a variety of physiological and pathogenic effects that lead to tissue destruction. Studies on the association of TNF-alpha genetic polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have yielded inconclusive results. We investigated the association of TNF-alpha genetic polymorphisms (-1031T/C, -863C/A, -857T/C, -308A/G and +489A/G) with SLE in Taiwanese patients and controls. Our results indicate that 1) the frequency of the A-allele at -863 position was significantly higher in SLE patients (odds ratio = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.02-2.08); 2) the frequency of the A-allele at +489 position was significantly higher in SLE patients (odds ratio = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.21-2.65); 3) the AA or GA genotype frequencies at +489 position were significantly increased in SLE patients (AA genotype: odds ratio = 11.20; 95% CI = 1.36-92.55; GA genotype: odds ratio = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.03-2.58); 4) no significant association of TNF-alpha haplotypic distributions was observed, except for the haplotypes TCCGA, CACGA and CCCGG; and 5) the genotype frequency of the polymorphisms at -1031 was significantly different in patients with antinuclear antibodies (P = 0.022). The allele and genotype frequencies of the polymorphisms at -863 were not significantly different. The genotype frequency of the polymorphisms at -857 was significantly different in patients with haematological disorder (P = 0.025). The frequency of A allele of the polymorphisms at -308 was significantly increased in patients with malar rash (P = 0.033), discoid rash (P = 0.023), photosensitivity (P = 0.037), oral ulcers (P = 0.002) and serositis (P = 0.029). The genotype frequency of the polymorphisms at +489 was significantly different in patients with discoid rash and photosensitivity (data not shown; discoid rash, P = 0.031; photosensitivity, P = 0.044). These results suggest that TNF-alpha genetic polymorphisms contribute to SLE susceptibility in the Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Lin
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Rivera TL, Izmirly PM, Birnbaum BK, Byrne P, Brauth JB, Katholi M, Kim MY, Fischer J, Clancy RM, Buyon JP. Disease progression in mothers of children enrolled in the Research Registry for Neonatal Lupus. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68:828-35. [PMID: 18625627 PMCID: PMC3558032 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.088054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate autoimmune disease progression in asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic mothers of children with neonatal lupus (NL). METHODS Clinical information on mothers enrolled in the Research Registry for NL (RRNL) was obtained from medical records. Genotyping was performed for -308A/G tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, 869T/C transforming growth factor (TGF)beta and -889C/T interleukin (IL)1alpha. RESULTS Of the 321 mothers enrolled, 229 had at least 6 months of follow-up. Of the 51 mothers who were asymptomatic at the NL child's birth, 26 progressed: 12 developed pauci-undifferentiated autoimmune syndrome (pauci-UAS), 2 poly-UAS, 7 SS, 4 SLE and 1 SLE/SS. The median time to develop any symptom was 3.15 years. Of the 37 mothers classified as pauci-UAS at the NL child's birth, 16 progressed: 5 developed poly-UAS, 6 Sjögren syndrome (SS), 4 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 1 SLE/SS. Of the pauci-UAS mothers enrolled within 1 year, the median time to progression was 6.7 years. Four mothers developed lupus nephritis (two asymptomatic, two pauci-UAS). The probability of an asymptomatic mother developing SLE by 10 years was 18.6%, and developing probable/definite SS was 27.9%. NL manifestations did not predict disease progression in an asymptomatic mother. Mothers with anti-Sjögren syndrome A antigen (SSA/)Ro and anti-Sjögren syndrome B antigen (SSB)/La were nearly twice as likely to develop an autoimmune disease as mothers with anti-SSA/Ro only. Only TGFbetaT/T was significantly higher in SLE mothers compared to asymptomatic mothers (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Continued follow-up of asymptomatic NL mothers is warranted since nearly half progress, albeit few develop SLE. While the anti-SSB/La antibodies may be a risk factor for progression, further work is needed to determine reliable biomarkers in otherwise healthy women with anti-SSA/Ro antibodies identified solely because of an NL child.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Rivera
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA.
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IL1A alleles associate with a virological response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients beginning therapy with advanced disease. AIDS 2009; 23:1173-6. [PMID: 19462524 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e32832c4118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Among Australians treated for advanced HIV disease, a suboptimal virological response was associated with allele 2 at interleukin 1 alpha (IL1A)-889 and IL1A+4845. This is confirmed and investigated using patients from AIDS Clinical Trials Group study 384 (n=532). Among non-African-American patients with CD4 T-cell count of< or = 100 cells/microl at baseline, IL1A+4845(*)TT was associated with poor virological outcome (P=0.03). Differences were smaller with higher baseline CD4 T-cell counts. IL1A-889 and IL1A+4845 were not in linkage disequilibrium in African-American patients, and IL1A+4845(*)T did not affect outcome.
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Ramos PS, Langefeld CD, Bera LA, Gaffney PM, Noble JA, Moser KL. Variation in the ATP-binding cassette transporter 2 gene is a separate risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus within the MHC. Genes Immun 2009; 10:350-5. [PMID: 19387463 PMCID: PMC2927958 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2009.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette transporter (TAP) proteins are functionally relevant candidates for predisposition to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by virtue of their role in autoantigen presentation and location in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). We tested if variation in the TAP genes (TAP1 and TAP2) is associated with SLE. We genotyped tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and performed family-based association analysis on 390 Caucasian pedigrees. We found significant evidence of association between TAP2 and SLE (rs241453, P=1.33 x 10(-6)). Conditional logistic regression analysis suggests that this TAP2 effect is separate from the HLA-DRB1 alleles. Our analyses show that both rs241453 (P=1.6 x 10(-4)) and HLA-DRB1*03xx (P=2.3 x 10(-4)) have significant autonomous effects not due to linkage disequilibrium. Moreover, these loci exhibit a significant statistical interaction (P<1.0 x 10(-6)), demonstrated by an increase in the odds ratio for the TAP2 association from OR=2.00 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.17-3.42) in HLA-DRB1*03xx-negative subjects to OR=4.29 (CI=1.88-9.76) in the subjects with at least one HLA-DRB1*03xx allele group. We report the largest association study of the TAP genes with SLE to date, and the first to test for its separate effect and interaction with the HLA alleles consistently associated with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Ramos
- Section on Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistical Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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The genetics and epigenetics of autoimmune diseases. J Autoimmun 2009; 33:3-11. [PMID: 19349147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2009.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Self tolerance loss is fundamental to autoimmunity. While understanding of immune regulation is expanding rapidly, the mechanisms causing loss of tolerance in most autoimmune diseases remain elusive. Autoimmunity is believed to develop when genetically predisposed individuals encounter environmental agents that trigger the disease. Recent advances in the genetic and environmental contributions to autoimmunity suggest that interactions between genetic elements and epigenetic changes caused by environmental agents may be responsible for inducing autoimmune disease. Genetic loci predisposing to autoimmunity are being identified through multi-center consortiums, and the number of validated genes is growing rapidly. Recent reports also indicate that the environment can contribute to autoimmunity by modifying gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. This article will review current understanding of the genetics and epigenetics of lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes, using systemic lupus erythematosus as the primary example. Other autoimmune diseases may have a similar foundation.
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Mamyrova G, O'Hanlon TP, Sillers L, Malley K, James-Newton L, Parks CG, Cooper GS, Pandey JP, Miller FW, Rider LG. Cytokine gene polymorphisms as risk and severity factors for juvenile dermatomyositis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 58:3941-50. [PMID: 19035492 DOI: 10.1002/art.24039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) cytokine polymorphisms as possible risk and protective factors, define their relative importance, and examine these as severity factors in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM). METHODS TNFalpha and IL-1 cytokine polymorphism and HLA typing were performed in 221 Caucasian patients with juvenile DM, and the results were compared with those in 203 ethnically matched healthy volunteers. RESULTS The genotypes TNFalpha -308AG (odds ratio [OR] 3.6), TNFalpha -238GG (OR 3.5), and IL-1alpha +4845TT (OR 2.2) were risk factors, and TNFalpha -308GG (OR 0.26) as well as TNFalpha -238AG (OR 0.22) were protective, for the development of juvenile DM. Carriage of a single copy of the TNFalpha -308A (OR 3.8) or IL-1beta +3953T (OR 1.7) allele was a risk factor, and the TNFalpha -238A (OR 0.29) and IL-1alpha +4845G (OR 0.46) alleles were protective, for juvenile DM. Random Forests classification analysis showed HLA-DRB1*03 and TNFalpha -308A to have the highest relative importance as risk factors for juvenile DM compared with the other alleles (Gini scores 100% and 90.7%, respectively). TNFalpha -308AA (OR 7.3) was a risk factor, and carriage of the TNFalpha -308G (OR 0.14) and IL-1alpha -889T (OR 0.41) alleles was protective, for the development of calcinosis. TNFalpha -308AA (OR 7.0) was a possible risk factor, and carriage of the TNFalpha -308G allele (OR 0.14) was protective, for the development of ulcerations. None of the studied TNFalpha, IL-1alpha, and IL-1beta polymorphisms were associated with the disease course, disease severity at the time of diagnosis, or the patient's sex. CONCLUSION TNFalpha and IL-1 genetic polymorphisms contribute to the development of juvenile DM and may also be indicators of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnara Mamyrova
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1301, USA
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is a common genetic risk factor for asthma, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus in a Mexican pediatric population. Hum Immunol 2009; 70:251-6. [PMID: 19480843 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a great deal of evidence that points to the association of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene as a common genetic factor in the pathogenesis of diseases that are caused by inflammatory and/or autoimmune etiologies. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in the TNF-alpha promoter region have been associated with disease susceptibility and severity. We investigated whether -308G/A and -238G/A TNF-alpha polymorphisms were associated with asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) in a pediatric Mexican population. In a case-control study of 725 patients (asthma: 226, JRA: 171, and SLE: 328) and 400 control subjects, the participants were analyzed using the allelic discrimination technique. The genotype distribution of both TNF-alpha polymorphisms was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in each group. However, there were significant differences in the allele frequency of TNF-alpha-308A between the patients and the healthy controls. This allele was detected in 2.9% of the controls, 6.0% of asthmatic and JRA patients (p = 0.002 and p = 0.0086), and 6.7% of SLE patients (p = 0.00049); statistical significance was maintained after ancestry stratification (asthma: p = 0.0143, JRA: p = 0.0083, and SLE: p = 0.0026). Stratification by gender showed that the risk for the -308A allele in asthma and JRA was greater in females (OR = 4.16, p = 0.0008 and OR = 4.4, p = 0.0002, respectively). The TNF-alpha -238A allele showed an association only with JRA in males (OR = 2.89, p = 0.004). These results support the concept that the TNF-alpha gene is a genetic risk factor for asthma, SLE, and JRA in the pediatric Mexican population.
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Poupon R, Ping C, Chrétien Y, Corpechot C, Chazouillères O, Simon T, Heath SC, Matsuda F, Poupon RE, Housset C, Barbu V. Genetic factors of susceptibility and of severity in primary biliary cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2008; 49:1038-45. [PMID: 18930330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 07/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS In primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), pathogenesis is influenced by genetic factors that remain poorly elucidated up to now. We investigated the impact of sequence diversity in candidate genes involved in immunity (CTLA-4 and TNFalpha), in bile formation (10 hepatobiliary transporter genes) and in the adaptative response to cholestasis (three nuclear receptor genes) on the susceptibility and severity of PBC. METHODS A total of 42 Ht SNPs were identified and compared in 258 PBC patients and two independent groups of 286 and 269 healthy controls. All participants were white continental individuals with French ancestry. RESULTS Ht SNPs of CTLA-4 and TNFalpha genes were significantly associated with susceptibility to PBC. The progression rate of liver disease under ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) therapy was significantly linked to SNPs of TNFalpha and SLC4A2/anion exchanger 2 (AE2) genes. A multivariate Cox regression analysis including clinical and biochemical parameters showed that SLC4A2/AE2 variant was an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS These data point to a primary role of genes encoding regulators of the immune system in the susceptibility to PBC. They also demonstrate that allelic variations in TNFalpha and SLC4A2/AE2 have a significant impact on the evolutive profile of PBC under UDCA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Poupon
- UPMC University of Paris 06, UMRS_893, CdR Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France.
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Sundquist K, Martineus JC, Li X, Hemminki K, Sundquist J. Concordant and discordant associations between rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and ankylosing spondylitis based on all hospitalizations in Sweden between 1973 and 2004. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47:1199-202. [PMID: 18524808 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To quantify the sibling risk of RA, SLE and AS. To analyse the concordant and discordant associations between RA, SLE and AS. METHODS Follow-up study of all individuals and their siblings born in or after 1932 and hospitalized for RA, SLE or AS between 1973 and 2004 (32 yrs). Data were retrieved from a comprehensive dataconstructed by using several national Swedish data registers, including the Total Population Register, the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register and the Multigeneration Register. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to estimate sibling risks. RESULTS For males, the overall significant SIRs were 4.72, 4.35 and 4.14 for RA, SLE and AS, respectively, if a sibling was affected by any inflammatory disease. The corresponding significant SIRs for females were 4.12, 3.73 and 4.73. The concordant significant SIRs in siblings were 5.12, 17.02 and 17.14 for RA, SLE and AS, respectively. There were also discordant associations between RA and SLE, whereas AS was only associated with AS. CONCLUSIONS This study was able objectively to quantify the sibling risk of RA, SLE and AS, which represents useful knowledge for clinicians and geneticists. The analysis of concordant and discordant associations may be useful in future studies aimed at finding specific genes associated with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sundquist
- Center for Family and Community Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Alfred Nobels alle 12, SE-14183, Huddinge, Sweden.
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Gáti T, Pajor A, Géher P, Nagy G. [Systemic lupus erythematosus and pregnancy]. Orv Hetil 2008; 149:723-31. [PMID: 18426719 DOI: 10.1556/oh.2008.28295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a disease primarily targeting fertile women. The odds of spontaneous miscarriage, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction is higher in pregnant women with SLE as well as there are increased risks of preterm delivery and perinatal fetal death. The occurrence of spontaneous abortion is closely related to the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. The disease on its own is not a contraindication of pregnancy but at least a six-month remission is suggested prior conception. The physiological changes in the course of pregnancy might have close resemblance to the symptoms of lupus, therefore these changes should be differentiated from symptoms caused by lupus. For mothers suffering from SLE, regular visits not only to their obstetricians but also to a rheumatologist are also recommended in order to allow at proper time recognition of potential complications and their appropriate treatment. Thorough check of the maternal disease is of high importance not only during but also prior to and following pregnancy. An overview is given of the opportunities of recent diagnosis and opportunities of therapeutic approaches including biological as well as stem cell treatments. The antithrombotics treatment increases the chance of survival and healthy child birth in the case of pregnant women suffering from antiphospholipid syndrome. Although occurring rarely, neonatal SLE has significantly higher morbidity and mortality compared to healthy births. Recent studies show positive results in the case of prophylactic treatment of neonatal lupus. Prenatal care is recommended to be conducted at an institute where the obstetrician is experienced in the possible complications of lupus and where consultation with a rheumatologist, and the treatment of neonates with low birth weight are ensured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Gáti
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar, Budai Irgalmasrendi Kórház, III. Belgyógyászati Klinika, Reumatológiai és Fizioterápiás Tanszéki Csoport, Budapest.
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Bingham A, Mamyrova G, Rother KI, Oral E, Cochran E, Premkumar A, Kleiner D, James-Newton L, Targoff IN, Pandey JP, Carrick DM, Sebring N, O’Hanlon TP, Ruiz-Hidalgo M, Turner M, Gordon LB, Laborda J, Bauer SR, Blackshear PJ, Imundo L, Miller FW, Rider LG. Predictors of acquired lipodystrophy in juvenile-onset dermatomyositis and a gradient of severity. Medicine (Baltimore) 2008; 87:70-86. [PMID: 18344805 PMCID: PMC2674585 DOI: 10.1097/md.0b013e31816bc604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the clinical features of 28 patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) and 1 patient with adult-onset dermatomyositis (DM), all of whom developed lipodystrophy (LD) that could be categorized into 1 of 3 phenotypes, generalized, partial, or focal, based on the pattern of fat loss distribution. LD onset was often delayed, beginning a median of 4.6 years after diagnosis of DM. Calcinosis, muscle atrophy, joint contractures, and facial rash were DM disease features found to be associated with LD. Panniculitis was associated with focal lipoatrophy while the anti-p155 autoantibody, a newly described myositis-associated autoantibody, was more associated with generalized LD. Specific LD features such as acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism, fat redistribution, and steatosis/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis were frequent in patients with LD, in a gradient of frequency and severity among the 3 sub-phenotypes. Metabolic studies frequently revealed insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia in patients with generalized and partial LD. Regional fat loss from the thighs, with relative sparing of fat loss from the medial thighs, was more frequent in generalized than in partial LD and absent from DM patients without LD. Cytokine polymorphisms, the C3 nephritic factor, insulin receptor antibodies, and lamin mutations did not appear to play a pathogenic role in the development of LD in our patients. LD is an under-recognized sequela of JDM, and certain DM patients with a severe, prolonged clinical course and a high frequency of calcinosis appear to be at greater risk for the development of this complication. High-risk JDM patients should be screened for metabolic abnormalities, which are common in generalized and partial LD and result in much of the LD-associated morbidity. Further study is warranted to investigate the pathogenesis of acquired LD in patients with DM.
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Interferon regulatory factor-5 is genetically associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in African Americans. Genes Immun 2008; 9:187-94. [PMID: 18288123 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2008.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Increased expression of interferon (IFN)-inducible genes is implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). One transcription factor responsible for regulating IFN, interferon regulatory factor-5 (IRF5), has been associated with SLE in genetic studies of Asian, Caucasian and Hispanic populations. We genotyped up to seven polymorphic loci in or near IRF5 in a total of 4870 African-American and Caucasian subjects (1829 SLE sporadic cases and 3041 controls) from two independent studies. Population-based case-control comparisons were performed using the Pearson's chi(2)-test statistics and haplotypes were inferred using HaploView. We observed significant novel associations with the IRF5 variants rs2004640 and rs3807306 in African Americans and replicated previously reported associations in Caucasians. While we identified risk haplotypes, the majority of haplotypic effects were accounted for by one SNP (rs3807306) in conditional analyses. We conclude that genetic variants of IRF5 associate with SLE in multiple populations, providing evidence that IRF5 is likely to be a crucial component in SLE pathogenesis among multiple ethnic groups.
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Hirankarn N, Avihingsanon Y, Wongpiyabovorn J. Genetic susceptibility to SLE is associated with TNF-alpha gene polymorphism –863, but not –308 and –238, in Thai population. Int J Immunogenet 2007; 34:425-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2007.00715.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sjöwall C, Wetterö J. Pathogenic implications for autoantibodies against C-reactive protein and other acute phase proteins. Clin Chim Acta 2007; 378:13-23. [PMID: 17239838 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2006.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2006] [Revised: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 12/05/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic rheumatic disease characterized clinically by multiorgan involvement and serologically by the occurrence of antinuclear antibodies. SLE patients may present with multiple autoantibodies to cytoplasmic and cell surface antigens as well as to circulating plasma proteins. Another feature of SLE is that serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) often remain low despite high disease activity and despite high levels of other acute phase proteins and interleukin-6, i.e. the main CRP inducing cytokine. Apart from its important role as a laboratory marker of inflammation, CRP attracts increasing interest due to its many intriguing biological functions, one of which is a role as an opsonin contributing to the elimination of apoptotic cell debris, e.g. nucleosomes, thereby preventing immunization against autoantigens. Recently, autoantibodies against CRP and other acute phase proteins have been reported in certain rheumatic conditions, including SLE. Although the presence of anti-CRP autoantibodies does not explain the failed CRP response in SLE, antibodies directed against acute phase proteins have several implications of pathogenetic interest. This paper thus highlights the biological and clinical aspects of native and monomeric CRP and anti-CRP, as well as autoantibodies against mannose-binding lectin, serum amyloid A and serum amyloid P component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Sjöwall
- Division of Rheumatology/Autoimmunity and Immune Regulation Unit (AIR), Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden.
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Das SN, Baniasadi V, Kapuria V. Association of ?308 TNF-? promoter polymorphism with type 1 diabetes in North Indians. Int J Immunogenet 2006; 33:411-6. [PMID: 17117950 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2006.00632.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S N Das
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
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Cho S, Savas S, Ozcelik H. Genetic Variation and the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Signaling Pathway. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2006; 10:66-81. [PMID: 16584319 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2006.10.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) are known to alter protein function, contributing to disease susceptibility. This report explores the nature of nsSNPs in the gene products of the highly conserved mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways already implicated in cancer development. MAPK signaling pathways regulate cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and survival mediated through interconnected signaling cascades. Using the dbSNP database, we have identified 25 nsSNPs in 17 out of 98 MAPK genes studied. Computational algorithms were used to predict whether the amino acid substitutions were evolutionarily tolerated, or affected putative functional units such as phosphorylation sites, protein motifs and domains. This study predicts that 36% of nsSNPs are likely to have functional consequences, based on evolutionary conservation analysis, and 36% based on phosphorylation prediction analysis. All such nsSNPs represent potentially functional and disease-causing/modifying alleles. More interestingly, the epistatic relationships discussed in this report represent potential synergistic/ antagonistic/additive effects of nsSNP combinations found within the same protein, or within members of the same protein complex and cascades. This strategy can effectively determine which nsSNPs potentially alter protein function, and can be utilized to study the genetic architecture and disease association of other biological protein complexes and networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Canada
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Lee YH, Harley JB, Nath SK. Meta-analysis of TNF-α promoter −308 A/G polymorphism and SLE susceptibility. Eur J Hum Genet 2006; 14:364-71. [PMID: 16418737 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alleles of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene have been inconsistently associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), particularly the 308-A/G functional promoter polymorphism. To generate large-scale evidence on whether 308-A/G promoter polymorphism is associated with SLE susceptibility we have conducted a meta-analysis. We have identified 21 studies of this polymorphism and SLE using MEDLINE search. Meta-analysis was performed for genotypes A/A (recessive effect), A/A+A/G (dominant effect), and A allele in fixed or random effects models. All control samples were in Hardy-Weinberg proportion. The overall odds ratio (OR) of the A/A genotype was 3.2 (95% CI=2.0-5.3, P<0.001). Stratification by ethnicity indicated that the A/A genotype was associated with SLE in European-derived population (OR=4.0, CI=2.5-6.4, P<0.001). No association was detected in Asian-derived population (OR, 1.3, CI=0.3-6.3, P=0.76). The overall OR for the risk genotypes (A/A and A/G) was 2.0 (CI=1.3-3.1, P<0.001). Similar results were found between the risk allele A and SLE where a significant association was found in European population (OR=2.1, CI=1.6-2.7, P<0.001), but not in Asian (OR=1.4, CI=0.8-2.3, P=0.2) or African (OR=1.2, CI=0.6-2.5, P=0.59) populations. In summary, this meta-analysis demonstrates that the TNF-alpha promoter -308 A/G polymorphism may confer susceptibility to SLE, especially in European-derived population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
The host response to injury or infection is a complex interplay of endocrine, metabolic, and immunological alterations designed to promote wound healing and restore the system to a state of homeostasis. Cytokines are the primary mediators of the inflammatory response to injury. This article serves as an introduction to this important class of inflammatory mediators. The major pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as the chemokines are discussed. Results from laboratory and clinical attempts at manipulation of these mediators are discussed and recommendations for future research in anticytokine therapy are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Gosain
- Burn and Shock Trauma Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Parks CG, Cooper GS, Hudson LL, Dooley MA, Treadwell EL, St Clair EW, Gilkeson GS, Pandey JP. Association of Epstein-Barr virus with systemic lupus erythematosus: effect modification by race, age, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 genotype. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 52:1148-59. [PMID: 15818712 DOI: 10.1002/art.20997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is hypothesized to play a role in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is important in regulating T cell-mediated immunity, encompassing the first line of response to viral infections, and genetic variation in CTLA-4 has been associated with SLE. This study examined the seroprevalence of EBV in a population-based study of SLE patients from the southeastern United States, and potential interactions with CTLA-4 polymorphisms were assessed. METHODS Cases comprised 230 subjects recently diagnosed as having SLE (144 African American and 86 white) from university and community-based clinics, and controls comprised 276 age-, sex-, and state-matched subjects (72 African American and 204 white) recruited from driver's license registries. Antibodies to EBV capsid antigen were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, with results expressed as positive or negative using the international standardized ratio (ISR) (a ratio of the sample absorbance to a known standard). CTLA-4 genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-based methods. RESULTS In African Americans, EBV-IgA seroprevalence was strongly associated with SLE (odds ratio [OR] 5.6, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.0-10.6). In whites, the modest association of SLE with EBV-IgA (OR 1.6) was modified by age, in that the strongest association was observed in those older than age 50 years (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.6-10.4). The seroprevalence of EBV-IgM and that of EBV-IgG were not associated with SLE. Higher EBV-IgG absorbance ratios were observed in SLE patients, with a significant dose response across units of the ISR in African Americans (P < 0.0001). Allelic variation in the CTLA-4 gene promoter (-1661A/G) significantly modified the association between SLE and EBV-IgA (P = 0.03), with a stronger association among those with the -1661AA genotype. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that repeated or reactivated EBV infection, which results in increased EBV-IgA seroprevalence and higher IgG antibody titers, may be associated with SLE, and that the CTLA-4 genotype influences immune responsiveness to EBV in SLE patients. The observed patterns of effect modification by race, age, and CTLA-4 genotype should be examined in other studies and may help frame new hypotheses regarding the role of EBV in SLE etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine G Parks
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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Suárez A, López P, Mozo L, Gutiérrez C. Differential effect of IL10 and TNF{alpha} genotypes on determining susceptibility to discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 64:1605-10. [PMID: 15800006 PMCID: PMC1755257 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2004.035048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ascertain the possible involvement of functional interleukin 10 (IL10) and tumour necrosis alpha (TNFalpha) cytokine promoter polymorphisms on the susceptibility to discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus (DLE, SLE), and their associations with immunological features. METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the IL10 (-1082, -819, and -592) and TNFalpha (-308) genes were determined using allele specific probes in 248 lupus patients and 343 matched controls. To assess functional significance of genotypes, basal mRNA cytokine levels were quantified in 106 genotyped healthy controls by real time RT-PCR. Specific autoantibodies and cutaneous manifestations were analysed in SLE patients and associated with functional genotypes. RESULTS After analysing the distribution of IL10 and TNFalpha transcript levels according to promoter genotypes in healthy individuals, patients and controls were classified into functional single and combined genotypes according to the expected high or low constitutive cytokine production. High TNFalpha genotypes (-308AA or AG) were associated with SLE independently of IL10 alleles, whereas the risk of developing DLE and the prevalence of discoid lesion in SLE were higher in the high IL10/low TNFalpha producer group (-1082GG/-308GG). Cytokine interaction also influences the appearance of autoantibodies. Antibodies against Sm are prevalent among low producer patients for both cytokines, a genotype not associated with lupus incidence, whereas low IL10/high TNFalpha patients have the highest frequency of antibodies to SSa and SSb. CONCLUSIONS IL10/TNFalpha interaction influences susceptibility to DLE and the appearance of specific autoantibodies in SLE patients, whereas high TNFalpha producer genotypes represent a significant risk factor for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Suárez
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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