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Sun X, Teng X, Liu C, Tian W, Cheng J, Hao S, Jin Y, Hong L, Zheng Y, Dai X, Wu L, Liu L, Teng X, Shi Y, Zhao P, Fang W, Shi Y, Bao X. A Pathologically Friendly Strategy for Determining the Organ-specific Spatial Tumor Microenvironment Topology in Lung Adenocarcinoma Through the Integration of snRandom-seq and Imaging Mass Cytometry. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308892. [PMID: 38682485 PMCID: PMC11234426 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous organ-specific responses to immunotherapy exist in lung cancer. Dissecting tumor microenvironment (TME) can provide new insights into the mechanisms of divergent responses, the process of which remains poor, partly due to the challenges associated with single-cell profiling using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) materials. In this study, single-cell nuclei RNA sequencing and imaging mass cytometry (IMC) are used to dissect organ-specific cellular and spatial TME based on FFPE samples from paired primary lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and metastases. Single-cell analyses of 84 294 cells from sequencing and 250 600 cells from IMC reveal divergent organ-specific immune niches. For sites of LUAD responding well to immunotherapy, including primary LUAD and adrenal gland metastases, a significant enrichment of B, plasma, and T cells is detected. Spatially resolved maps reveal cellular neighborhoods recapitulating functional units of the tumor ecosystem and the spatial proximity of B and CD4+ T cells at immunogenic sites. Various organ-specific densities of tertiary lymphoid structures are observed. Immunosuppressive sites, including brain and liver metastases, are deposited with collagen I, and T cells at these sites highly express TIM-3. This study originally deciphers the single-cell landscape of the organ-specific TME at both cellular and spatial levels for LUAD, indicating the necessity for organ-specific treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqi Sun
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Xiao Teng
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Weihong Tian
- Changzhou Third People's HospitalChangzhou Medical CenterNanjing Medical University140 Hanzhong Rd, GulouNanjingJiangsu210029China
| | - Jinlin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Shuqiang Hao
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Yuzhi Jin
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Libing Hong
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Yongqiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060China
| | - Xiaomeng Dai
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Linying Wu
- Department of Respiratory DiseaseThe First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310003China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Xiaodong Teng
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Yi Shi
- Bio‐X InstitutesKey Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric DisordersShanghai Jiao Tong University1954 Huashan RoadShanghai200030China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Weijia Fang
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
| | - Xuanwen Bao
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China
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Nakamura A, Grossman S, Song K, Xega K, Zhang Y, Cvet D, Berger A, Shapiro G, Huszar D. The SUMOylation inhibitor subasumstat potentiates rituximab activity by IFN1-dependent macrophage and NK cell stimulation. Blood 2022; 139:2770-2781. [PMID: 35226739 PMCID: PMC11022956 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is a member of a ubiquitin-like protein superfamily. SUMOylation is a reversible posttranslational modification that has been implicated in the regulation of various cellular processes including inflammatory responses and expression of type 1 interferons (IFN1). In this report, we have explored the activity of the selective small molecule SUMOylation inhibitor subasumstat (TAK-981) in promoting antitumor innate immune responses. We demonstrate that treatment with TAK-981 results in IFN1-dependent macrophage and natural killer (NK) cell activation, promoting macrophage phagocytosis and NK cell cytotoxicity in ex vivo assays. Furthermore, pretreatment with TAK-981 enhanced macrophage phagocytosis or NK cell cytotoxicity against CD20+ target cells in combination with the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab. In vivo studies demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity of TAK-981 and rituximab in CD20+ lymphoma xenograft models. Combination of TAK-981 with anti-CD38 antibody daratumumab also resulted in enhanced antitumor activity. TAK-981 is currently being studied in phase 1 clinical trials (#NCT03648372, #NCT04074330, #NCT04776018, and #NCT04381650; www.clinicaltrials.gov) for the treatment of patients with lymphomas and solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Allison Berger
- Oncology Therapeutic Area Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA
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Li H, Hu L, Wang L, Wang Y, Shao M, Chen Y, Wu W, Wang L. Iron Activates cGAS-STING Signaling and Promotes Hepatic Inflammation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2211-2220. [PMID: 35133148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron deposition and chronic inflammation are associated with chronic liver diseases, such as alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and chronic hepatitis B and C. However, the relationship between iron deposition and chronic inflammation in these diseases is still unclear. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of iron on chronic inflammation in HepG2 cells and mice liver. We demonstrated that iron treatment enhanced the expression of cGAS, STING, and their downstream targets, including TBK1, IRF-3, and NF-κB in HepG2 cells and mice liver. We also found that treatment of HepG2 cells and mice with ferric ammonium citrate increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-β. Finally, we found that genes involved in iron metabolism and the STING signaling pathway were up-regulated in liver cancer tissues, and the survival time of patients with high expression of these genes in tumor tissues was significantly shortened. These results suggest that iron overload may promote the progress of the chronic liver disease by activating cGAS-STING-mediated chronic inflammation, which provides a new idea for the development of drugs for the treatment of the chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Ling Hu
- Department of Biotechnology, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Liwen Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Meiqi Shao
- Department of Biotechnology, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yupei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Wenlin Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Shi Y, Zhang B, Zhu J, Huang W, Han B, Wang Q, Qi C, Wang M, Liu F. miR-106b-5p Inhibits IRF1/IFN-β Signaling to Promote M2 Macrophage Polarization of Glioblastoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7479-7492. [PMID: 32801770 PMCID: PMC7398755 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s238975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The microRNA (miRNA) profile changes in the tumor-associated macrophages. However, the role of miR-106b-5p in the glioblastoma-associated macrophages is poorly understood. Materials and Methods In our study, miR-106b-5p and M2 macrophage markers were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting in THP1 cells, with the conditioned medium from U251 cells or M2 macrophages in response to IL-4 stimulation and M1 macrophages stimulated by LPS and IFN-γ. IFN regulatory factor (IRF1) was identified as a target of miR-106b-5p in the glioma infiltrating macrophages by luciferase reporter assay. The molecular mechanisms involved in the miR-106b-5p-mediated regulation of M2 polarization were clarified by shRNA knockdown assay. Results Our results showed miR-106b-5p expression was upregulated in glioma-infiltrating macrophages. miR-106b-5p regulated M2 polarization of glioma infiltrating macrophages and enhanced the growth of glioma-infiltrating macrophages. IRF1 was identified as a target of miR-106b-5p. Furthermore, miR-106b-5p inhibited IRF1 expression by targeting IRF1/IFN-β pathway to promote M2 polarization of macrophages. Conclusion miR-106b-5p may inhibit IRF1/IFN-β signaling to promote M2 macrophage polarization of glioblastoma, and it may become a novel target for the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jintan People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng No.1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjian Qi
- Department of Central Lab, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Gupta S, Tang C, Tran M, Kadouri DE. Effect of Predatory Bacteria on Human Cell Lines. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161242. [PMID: 27579919 PMCID: PMC5006992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Predatory bacteria are Gram-negative bacteria that prey on other Gram-negative bacteria and have been considered as potential therapeutic agents against multi-drug resistant pathogens. In vivo animal models have demonstrated that predatory bacteria are non-toxic and non-immunogenic in rodents. In order to consider the use of predatory bacteria as live antibiotics, it is important to investigate their effect on human cells. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strains 109J and HD100, and Micavibrio aeruginosavorus strain ARL-13 on cell viability and inflammatory responses of five human cell lines, representative of clinically relevant tissues. We found that the predators were not cytotoxic to any of the human cell lines tested. Microscopic imaging showed no signs of cell detachment, as compared to predator-free cells. In comparison to an E. coli control, exposure to higher concentrations of the predators did not trigger a significant elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in four of the five human cell lines tested. Our work underlines the non-pathogenic attributes of predatory bacteria on human cells and highlights their potential use as live antibiotics against human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Gupta
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Chi Tang
- Department of Medicine and the Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Michael Tran
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States of America
| | - Daniel E. Kadouri
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Xie C, Liu C, Wu B, Lin Y, Ma T, Xiong H, Wang Q, Li Z, Ma C, Tu Z. Effects of IRF1 and IFN-β interaction on the M1 polarization of macrophages and its antitumor function. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:148-60. [PMID: 27176664 PMCID: PMC4899022 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages that differentiate from precursor monocytes can be polarized into a classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2) status depending on different stimuli. Generally, interferon (IFN)-γ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are considered the classical stimuli with which to establish M1 polarization. IFN regulatory factor (IRF)1 and IFN-β are two crucial molecules involved in IFN-γ- and LPS-initialed signaling. However, the association between IRF1 and IFN-β in the context of the M1 polarization of macrophages is not yet fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate that U937-derived macrophages, in response to IFN-γ and LPS stimulation, readily acquire an M1 status, indicated by the increased expression of interleukin (IL)-12, IL-6, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and the M1-specific cell surface antigen, CD86, and the decreased expression of the M2-specific mannose receptor, CD206. However, the knockdown of IRF1 in U937-derived macrophages led to an impaired M1 status, as indicated by the decreased expression of the above-mentioned M1 markers, and the increased expression of the M2 markers, CD206 and IL-10. A similar phenomenon was observed in the M1 macrophages in which IFN-β was inhibited. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IRF1 and IFN-β may interact with each other in the IFN-γ- and LPS-initiated signaling pathway, and contribute to the IRF5 regulation of M1 macrophages. In addition, the conditioned medium collected from the M1 macrophages in which IRF1 or IFN-β were inhibited, exerted pro-tumor effects on the HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, as indicated by an increase in proliferation, the inhibition of apoptosis and an enhanced invasion capability. The findings of our study suggest that the interactions of IRF1, IFN-β and IRF5 are involved in the M1 polarization of macro phages and have antitumor functions. These data may provide a novel antitumor strategy for targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changli Xie
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Cuiying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Bitao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Ma
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Haiyu Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chenyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguang Tu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Hossain E, Ota A, Karnan S, Takahashi M, Mannan SB, Konishi H, Hosokawa Y. Lipopolysaccharide augments the uptake of oxidized LDL by up-regulating lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 in macrophages. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 400:29-40. [PMID: 25348362 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence supporting an intimate association of immune activation with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. Uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) through scavenging receptors promotes the formation of mature lipid-laden macrophages, which subsequently leads to exacerbation of regional inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation. In this study, we first examined changes in the mRNA level of the lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and the human PMA-induced macrophage cell line THP-1 after LPS stimulation. LPS significantly up-regulated LOX-1 mRNA in RAW264.7 cells; LOX-1 cell-surface protein expression was also increased. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy analyses showed that cellular uptake of fluorescence (Dil)-labeled oxLDL was significantly augmented with LPS stimulation. The augmented uptake of Dil-oxLDL was almost completely abrogated by treatment with an anti-LOX-1 antibody. Of note, knockdown of Erk1/2 resulted in a significant reduction of LPS-induced LOX-1 up-regulation. Treatment with U0126, a specific inhibitor of MEK, significantly suppressed LPS-induced expression of LOX-1 at both the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, LOX-1 promoter activity was significantly augmented by LPS stimulation; this augmentation was prevented by U0126 treatment. Similar results were also observed in human PMA-induced THP-1 macrophages. Taken together, our results indicate that LPS up-regulates LOX-1, at least in part through activation of the Erk1/2 signaling pathway, followed by augmented cellular oxLDL uptake, thus highlighting a critical role of TLR4-mediated aberrant LOX-1 signaling in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekhtear Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
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Toki D, Zhang W, Hor KLM, Liuwantara D, Alexander SI, Yi Z, Sharma R, Chapman JR, Nankivell BJ, Murphy B, O'Connell PJ. The role of macrophages in the development of human renal allograft fibrosis in the first year after transplantation. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:2126-36. [PMID: 25307039 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of infiltrating macrophages in renal allograft fibrosis. Forty-six protocol renal allograft biopsies obtained 1 year after transplantation were stained with Sirius red to quantify fibrosis and double stained with CD68 and CD206 to identify the proportion of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages. Biopsies were analyzed for gene expression by microarray, which was correlated with macrophage infiltration and the severity of fibrosis. The number of infiltrating CD68+ cells strongly correlated with the percentage of interstitial fibrosis (r = 0.73, p < 0.0001). Macrophage infiltration at 1 year correlated with renal dysfunction at 1, 12 and 36 months posttransplant (estimated GFR low vs. high: 1 month 78 ± 26 vs. 54 ± 19 mL/min, p < 0.01; 12 months 87 ± 29 vs. 64 ± 19 mL/min, p < 0.05; 36 months 88 ± 33 vs. 60 ± 24 mL/min, p < 0.05). Ninety-two percent of infiltrating macrophages exhibited an M2 phenotype with CD68+ CD206+ dual staining. Gene microarrays demonstrated an alloimmune response with up-regulation of interferon-γ-response genes despite the lack of rejection or inflammatory infiltrate. Consistent with this was the presence of CXCL10 in proximal tubular cells at 3 months. This suggests that M2 macrophage proliferation, or infiltration, was associated with subclinical alloimmune inflammation, tubular injury and progression of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Toki
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Vázquez A, Ruiz-Rosado JDD, Terrazas LI, Juárez I, Gomez-Garcia L, Calleja E, Camacho G, Chávez A, Romero M, Rodriguez T, Espinoza B, Rodriguez-Sosa M. Mouse macrophage galactose-type lectin (mMGL) is critical for host resistance against Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:909-20. [PMID: 25170304 PMCID: PMC4147224 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.9214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-type lectin receptor mMGL is expressed exclusively by myeloid antigen presenting cells (APC) such as dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages (Mφ), and it mediates binding to glycoproteins carrying terminal galactose and α- or β-N-acetylgalactosamine (Gal/GalNAc) residues. Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) expresses large amounts of mucin (TcMUC)-like glycoproteins. Here, we show by lectin-blot that galactose moieties are also expressed on the surface of T. cruzi. Male mMGL knockout (-/-) and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were infected intraperitoneally with 104T. cruzi trypomastigotes (Queretaro strain). Following T. cruzi infection, mMGL-/- mice developed higher parasitemia and higher mortality rates compared with WT mice. Although hearts from T. cruzi-infected WT mice presented few amastigote nests, mMGL-/- mice displayed higher numbers of amastigote nests. Compared with WT, Mφ from mMGL-/- mice had low production of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in response to soluble T. cruzi antigens (TcAg). Interestingly, upon in vitro T. cruzi infection, mMGL-/- Mφ expressed lower levels of MHC-II and TLR-4 and harbored higher numbers of parasites, even when mMGL-/- Mφ were previously primed with IFN-γ or LPS/IFN-γ. These data suggest that mMGL plays an important role during T. cruzi infection, is required for optimal Mφ activation, and may synergize with TLR-4-induced pathways to produce TNF-α, IL-1β and NO during the early phase of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Vázquez
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Juan de Dios Ruiz-Rosado
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Luis I Terrazas
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Imelda Juárez
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Lorena Gomez-Garcia
- 2. Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez," México, D.F. 14080 México
| | - Elsa Calleja
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Griselda Camacho
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Ana Chávez
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Miriam Romero
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Tonathiu Rodriguez
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Bertha Espinoza
- 3. Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, D.F. 04510 México
| | - Miriam Rodriguez-Sosa
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
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Hayashi A, Hirokawa YS, Kagaya M, Fujiwara M, Yoneda M, Kanayama K, Uchida K, Ishii K, Shiraishi T. Inflammatory suppressive effect of prostate cancer cells with prolonged exposure to transforming growth factor β on macrophage-differentiated cells via downregulation of prostaglandin E 2.. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:1513-1518. [PMID: 25202359 PMCID: PMC4156195 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) regulates a variety of cellular functions, including cell growth, apoptosis and differentiation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the alterations of phenotypic events in the long-term exposure of prostate cancer (PCa) cells to TGFβ1 and its effect on macrophage-differentiated cells. The PCa cell line, PC-3, and the subclone, M1, were exposed to TGFβ1 for short- or long-term periods. TGFβ1 signaling was assessed by Smad3 phosphorylation, and non-canonical signaling was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based regulatory gene expression profiles. TGFβ1-exposed PCa cells were also co-cultured with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-treated THP-1 macrophages as a model of the tumor microenvironment. The phosphorylation of Smad3 in the PCa cells with long-term exposure was lower than that in the PCa cells with short-term exposure. Interleukin-6 mRNA expression in the PMA-treated THP-1 macrophages was significantly downregulated by co-culture with the PCa cells with long-term exposure. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the long-term TGFβ1-exposed PCa cells was lower than that in the control PCa cells, and the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the long-term TGFβ1-exposed PCa cells was also significantly lower. The results of the current study demonstrated that the long-term TGFβ1 exposure of PCa cells induces phenotypic changes, including the downregulation of PGE2 production. This indicates that prolonged TGFβ-exposed PCa cells may change the cytokine production of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinobu Hayashi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi S Hirokawa
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Michiko Kagaya
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Masaya Fujiwara
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Misao Yoneda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie 510-0226, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kanayama
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Katsunori Uchida
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Ishii
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Taizo Shiraishi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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