1
|
Fernández-Palanca P, Payo-Serafín T, Méndez-Blanco C, San-Miguel B, Tuñón MJ, González-Gallego J, Mauriz JL. Neuropilins as potential biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review of basic and clinical implications. Clin Mol Hepatol 2023; 29:293-319. [PMID: 36726054 PMCID: PMC10121286 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2022.0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide and is characterized by complex molecular carcinogenesis. Neuropilins (NRPs) NRP1 and NRP2 are the receptors of multiple proteins involved in key signaling pathways associated with tumor progression. We aimed to systematically review all the available findings on their role in HCC. We searched the Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), PubMed, Cochrane and Embase databases for articles evaluating NRPs in preclinical or clinical HCC models. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022349774) and include 49 studies. Multiple cellular and molecular processes have been associated with one or both NRPs, indicating that they are potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in HCC patients. Mainly NRP1 has been shown to promote tumor cell survival and progression by modulating several signaling pathways. NRPs mainly regulate angiogenesis, invasion and migration and have shown to induce invasion and metastasis. They also regulate the immune response and tumor microenvironment, showing a crucial interplay with the hypoxia response and microRNAs in HCC. Altogether, NRP1 and NRP2 are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, providing novel insight into the clinical landscape of HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Fernández-Palanca
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Payo-Serafín
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Méndez-Blanco
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz San-Miguel
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Tuñón
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L. Mauriz
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Islam R, Mishra J, Bodas S, Bhattacharya S, Batra SK, Dutta S, Datta K. Role of Neuropilin-2-mediated signaling axis in cancer progression and therapy resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:771-787. [PMID: 35776228 PMCID: PMC9247951 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilins (NRPs) are transmembrane proteins involved in vascular and nervous system development by regulating angiogenesis and axon guidance cues. Several published reports have established their role in tumorigenesis. NRPs are detectable in tumor cells of several cancer types and participate in cancer progression. NRP2 is also expressed in endothelial and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and promotes functions such as lymphangiogenesis and immune suppression important for cancer progression. In this review, we have taken a comprehensive approach to discussing various aspects of NRP2-signaling in cancer, including its regulation, functional significance in cancer progression, and how we could utilize our current knowledge to advance the studies and target NRP2 to develop effective cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ridwan Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanika Bodas
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sreyashi Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhan QQ, Liu QY, Yang X, Ge YH, Xu L, Ding GY, Guo S, Zhu B, Xu WG. Effects of silencing neuropilin-2 on proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer HT-29. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11042-11049. [PMID: 35473507 PMCID: PMC9161945 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2068363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of silencing neuropilin-2(NRP-2) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer(CRC) HT-29. Lipofectamine 2000 was used to transfect specific siRNA for NRP-2 and nonspecific control siRNA into human colorectal cancer HT-29 as the transfection group and meaningless sequence group. HT-29 cultured in a medium was used as the blank control group. The expression levels of NRP-2 mRNA in the cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The expressions of proliferation-associated protein Ki-67 in the cells were detected by immunochemical staining. Migration ability was assessed by a monolayer cell scratch wound damage and repair experiment. The Transwell chamber invasion experiment was adopted to determine invasive ability by measuring the number of tumor cells crossing the chamber membrane. Compared with the meaningless sequence group and blank control group, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the relative expression level of NRP-2 mRNA in the transfection group was significantly decreased(P < 0.05). Results of immunochemical staining revealed that the expression of Ki-67 protein in the transfected cells was significantly reduced, and the proliferation ability was decreased(P < 0.05). The results further showed that the scratch healing rate of the transfected cells decreased after 24 h of healing(P < 0.05). Results of Transwell invasion assay showed that the number of cells passing through the stromal membrane of the upper chamber to the back of the chamber was significantly reduced in the transfection group(p < 0.05). Silencing NRP-2 could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer HT-29.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Qi Zhan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Qian-Yu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Yu-Hui Ge
- Department of Surgical Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Guan-Yi Ding
- Department of Surgical Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Shang Guo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Wei-Guo Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jarahian M, Marofi F, Maashi MS, Ghaebi M, Khezri A, Berger MR. Re-Expression of Poly/Oligo-Sialylated Adhesion Molecules on the Surface of Tumor Cells Disrupts Their Interaction with Immune-Effector Cells and Contributes to Pathophysiological Immune Escape. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5203. [PMID: 34680351 PMCID: PMC8534074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans linked to surface proteins are the most complex biological macromolecules that play an active role in various cellular mechanisms. This diversity is the basis of cell-cell interaction and communication, cell growth, cell migration, as well as co-stimulatory or inhibitory signaling. Our review describes the importance of neuraminic acid and its derivatives as recognition elements, which are located at the outermost positions of carbohydrate chains linked to specific glycoproteins or glycolipids. Tumor cells, especially from solid tumors, mask themselves by re-expression of hypersialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), neuropilin-2 (NRP-2), or synaptic cell adhesion molecule 1 (SynCAM 1) in order to protect themselves against the cytotoxic attack of the also highly sialylated immune effector cells. More particularly, we focus on α-2,8-linked polysialic acid chains, which characterize carrier glycoproteins such as NCAM, NRP-2, or SynCam-1. This characteristic property correlates with an aggressive clinical phenotype and endows them with multiple roles in biological processes that underlie all steps of cancer progression, including regulation of cell-cell and/or cell-extracellular matrix interactions, as well as increased proliferation, migration, reduced apoptosis rate of tumor cells, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Specifically, re-expression of poly/oligo-sialylated adhesion molecules on the surface of tumor cells disrupts their interaction with immune-effector cells and contributes to pathophysiological immune escape. Further, sialylated glycoproteins induce immunoregulatory cytokines and growth factors through interactions with sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins. We describe the processes, which modulate the interaction between sialylated carrier glycoproteins and their ligands, and illustrate that sialic acids could be targets of novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of cancer and immune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Jarahian
- German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665931, Iran;
| | - Marwah Suliman Maashi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit at King Fahad Medical Research Centre, Jeddah 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahnaz Ghaebi
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center (CGRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956184, Iran;
| | - Abdolrahman Khezri
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2418 Hamar, Norway;
| | - Martin R. Berger
- German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Valentini E, Di Martile M, Del Bufalo D, D'Aguanno S. SEMAPHORINS and their receptors: focus on the crosstalk between melanoma and hypoxia. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:131. [PMID: 33858502 PMCID: PMC8050914 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01929-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a condition of oxygen deprivation, is considered a hallmark of tumor microenvironment regulating several pathways and promoting cancer progression and resistance to therapy. Semaphorins, a family of about 20 secreted, transmembrane and GPI-linked glycoproteins, and their cognate receptors (plexins and neuropilins) play a pivotal role in the crosstalk between cancer and stromal cells present in the tumor microenvironment. Many studies reported that some semaphorins are involved in the development of a permissive tumor niche, guiding cell-cell communication and, consequently, the development and progression, as well as the response to therapy, of different cancer histotypes, including melanoma. In this review we will summarize the state of art of semaphorins regulation by hypoxic condition in cancer with different origin. We will also describe evidence about the ability of semaphorins to affect the expression and activity of transcription factors activated by hypoxia, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1. Finally, we will focus our attention on findings reporting the role of semaphorins in melanocytes transformation, melanoma progression and response to therapy. Further studies are necessary to understand the mechanisms through which semaphorins induce their effect and to shed light on the possibility to use semaphorins or their cognate receptors as prognostic markers and/or therapeutic targets in melanoma or other malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Valentini
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Via Chianesi 53 (00144), Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Di Martile
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Via Chianesi 53 (00144), Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Del Bufalo
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Via Chianesi 53 (00144), Rome, Italy.
| | - Simona D'Aguanno
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Via Chianesi 53 (00144), Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mehdi A, Attias M, Mahmood N, Arakelian A, Mihalcioiu C, Piccirillo CA, Szyf M, Rabbani SA. Enhanced Anticancer Effect of a Combination of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICPi) in a Syngeneic Mouse Model of Advanced Melanoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1361. [PMID: 32983966 PMCID: PMC7492272 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi) targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have shown marked success in patients with advanced melanoma. However, 60-70% of patients fail to respond, warranting a therapeutic intervention that could increase response rates. We and others have shown that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a universal methyl donor, has significant anticancer effects in numerous cancers previously; however, its effect on melanoma progression has not been evaluated. Interestingly, SAM was reported to be essential for T cell activation and proliferation and, thus, could potentially cooperate with ICPi and block melanoma progression. In this study, we examined the antitumor effects of SAM and ICPi alone and in combination in a well-established melanoma mouse model wherein syngeneic C57BL/6 mouse were subcutaneously (orthotopic) injected with B16-F1 cells. Treatment of mice with either SAM or anti-PD-1 antibody alone resulted in significant reduction in tumor volumes and weights; effects that were highest in mice treated with a combination of SAM+anti-PD-1. RNA-sequencing analysis of the primary tumors showed numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) following treatment with SAM+anti-PD-1, which was shown to downregulate cancer, MAPK, and tyrosine kinase pathways. Indeed, SAM+anti-PD-1 reversed the aberrant expression of some known melanoma genes. Tumor immunophenotyping revealed the SAM+anti-PD-1 combination was significantly more effective than either SAM or anti-PD-1 as the CD8+ T cells had higher activation, proliferation, and cytokine production compared to all other groups. This study shows that the combination of currently approved agents SAM and ICPi can effectively block melanoma via alteration of key genes/pathways implicated in cancer and immune response pathways, providing the rationale for the initiation of clinical trials with SAM and ICPi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mehdi
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Program in Metabolic Disorders and Complications (MeDiC), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mikhael Attias
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Niaz Mahmood
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Program in Metabolic Disorders and Complications (MeDiC), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ani Arakelian
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Program in Metabolic Disorders and Complications (MeDiC), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Ciriaco A Piccirillo
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moshe Szyf
- Department of Pharmacology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shafaat Ahmed Rabbani
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Program in Metabolic Disorders and Complications (MeDiC), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Resistance of melanoma cells to anticancer treatment: a role of vascular endothelial growth factor. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2020; 37:11-18. [PMID: 32467677 PMCID: PMC7247075 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2020.93378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive and resistant to treatment neoplasms. There are still many challenges despite many promising advances in anticancer treatment. Currently, the main problem for all types of treatment is associated with heterogeneity. Due to heterogeneity of cancer cells, "precise" targeting of a medicine against a single phenotype limits the efficacy of treatment and affects resistance to applied therapy. Therefore it is important to understand aetiology and reasons for heterogeneity in order to develop effective and long-lasting treatment. This review summarises roles of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that may stimulate growth of a melanoma tumour irrespective of its proangiogenic effects, contributing to cancer heterogeneity. VEGF triggers processes associated with extracellular matrix remodelling, cell migration, invasion, angiogenesis, inhibition of immune responses and favours phenotypic plasticity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Consequently, it participates in mechanisms of interactions between melanoma cancer cells and microenvironment and it can modify sensitivity to therapeutic factors.
Collapse
|
8
|
Niland S, Eble JA. Neuropilins in the Context of Tumor Vasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030639. [PMID: 30717262 PMCID: PMC6387129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 form a small family of plasma membrane spanning receptors originally identified by the binding of semaphorin and vascular endothelial growth factor. Having no cytosolic protein kinase domain, they function predominantly as co-receptors of other receptors for various ligands. As such, they critically modulate the signaling of various receptor tyrosine kinases, integrins, and other molecules involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological angiogenic processes. This review highlights the diverse neuropilin ligands and interacting partners on endothelial cells, which are relevant in the context of the tumor vasculature and the tumor microenvironment. In addition to tumor cells, the latter contains cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. Based on the prevalent neuropilin-mediated interactions, the suitability of various neuropilin-targeted substances for influencing tumor angiogenesis as a possible building block of a tumor therapy is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Niland
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Johannes A Eble
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Tumor cell interactions with their microenvironment, and neighboring endothelial cells in particular, are critical for tumor cell survival and the metastatic process. Within the spectrum of tumors, melanomas are notorious for their ability to metastasize at a relatively early stage of development; however, little is known about the molecular pathways mediating this process. We recently performed a screen to assess critical mediators of melanoma metastasis by evaluating melanoma-endothelial cell communication. Neuropilin-2 (NRP2), a cell surface receptor involved in angiogenesis and axonal guidance, was found to be an important mediator of melanoma-endothelial cell cross-talk in these studies. Here we seek to further define the role of NRP2 in melanoma growth and progression. We use stable gene silencing of NRP2 in melanomas from varying stages of tumor progression to define the role of NRP2 in melanoma growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis. We found that NRP2 gene silencing in metastatic melanoma cell lines inhibited tumor cell growth in vitro; furthermore, knockdown of NRP2 expression in the metastatic melanoma cell line 1205Lu significantly inhibited in-vivo tumor growth and metastasis. We conclude that NRP2 plays an important role in mediating melanoma growth and metastasis and suggest that targeting this cell surface molecule may represent a significant therapeutic strategy for patients diagnosed with aggressive forms of melanoma.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang J, Huang Y, Zhang J, Xing B, Xuan W, Wang H, Huang H, Yang J, Tang J. NRP-2 in tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Cancer Lett 2018; 418:176-184. [PMID: 29339213 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilin-2 (NRP-2) not only functions as a receptor for semaphorins, a family of neural axon guidance factors, but also interacts with VEGFs, a family of vascular endothelial growth factors. As an independent receptor or a co-receptor, NRP-2 binds to ligands VEGF-C/D, activates the VEGF-C/D-NRP-2 signaling axis, and further regulates lymphangiogenesis-associated factors in both lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and some tumor cells during tumor progression. Via VEGF-C/D-NRP-2 axis, NRP-2 induces LEC proliferation, reconstruction and lymphangiogenesis and subsequently promotes tumor cell migration, invasion and lymphatic metastasis. There are similarities and differences among NRP-1, NRP-2 and VEGFR-3 in chemical structure, ligand specificity, chromosomal location, soluble protein forms, cellular functions and expression profiles. High expression of NRP-2 in LECs and tumor cells has been observed in different anatomic sites, histological patterns and progression stages of various tumors, especially during tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, and therefore the NRP-2 and VEGF-C/D-NRP-2 axis are closely related to tumor development, progression, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, it is important for prognosis of tumor. The studies on NRP-2 targeted therapy have recently achieved some successes, utilizing NRP-2 blocking antibodies, NRP-2 inhibitory peptides, soluble NRP-2 antagonists, small molecule inhibitors and various NRP-2 gene therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China; Institute of Medical Technology, Ningbo College of Health Science, No.51, XueFu Road, Ningbo Zhejiang 315100, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Boyi Xing
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Wei Xuan
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Honghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Jiayu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Jianwu Tang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang R, Andersen LMK, Rofstad EK. Metastatic pathway and the microvascular and physicochemical microenvironments of human melanoma xenografts. J Transl Med 2017; 15:203. [PMID: 29017512 PMCID: PMC5634823 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1307-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma of the skin can metastasize through blood vessels and lymphatics. The primary tumor develops a vascular microenvironment characterized by abnormal blood vessels and lymphatics and a physicochemical microenvironment characterized by low oxygen tension, regions with hypoxic tissue, and high interstitial fluid pressure (IFP). This study aimed at identifying relationships between the metastatic route of melanomas and characteristic features of the microvascular and physicochemical microenvironments of the primary tumor. METHODS Two patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models (E-13, N-15) and four cell line-derived xenografts (CDX) models (C-10, D-12, R-18, T-22) of human melanoma were included in the study. Tumors were transplanted to an orthotopic site in BALB/c-nu/nu mice, and when the tumors had grown to a volume of 500-600 mm3, the IFP of the primary tumor was measured and the hypoxia marker pimonidazole was administered before the host mouse was euthanized. The primary tumor, lungs, and six pairs of lymph nodes were evaluated by examining hematoxylin/eosin-stained and immunostained histological preparations. The expression of angiogenesis-related genes was assessed by quantitative PCR. RESULTS C-10, D-12, and E-13 tumors disseminated primarily by the hematogenous route and developed pulmonary metastases. These tumors showed high angiogenic activity and high expression of the F3 gene as well as ANGPT2 and TIE1, genes encoding proteins of the angiopoietin-tie system. N-15, R-18, and T-22 tumors disseminated mainly by the lymphogenous route and developed metastases in draining lymph nodes. These tumors had highly elevated IFP and showed high expression of NRP2, a gene encoding neuropilin-2. CONCLUSION The primary metastatic route of orthotopic human melanoma xenografts and the development of lung and lymph node metastases are influenced significantly by the microvascular and physicochemical microenvironments of the primary tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Huang
- Group of Radiation Biology and Tumor Physiology, Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lise Mari K. Andersen
- Group of Radiation Biology and Tumor Physiology, Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Einar K. Rofstad
- Group of Radiation Biology and Tumor Physiology, Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Box 4953, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Malkan AD, Sandoval JA. Controversial tumors in pediatric surgical oncology. Curr Probl Surg 2014; 51:478-520. [PMID: 25524425 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
13
|
Rossi M, Tuck J, Kim OJ, Panova I, Symanowski JT, Mahalingam M, Riker AI, Alani RM, Ryu B. Neuropilin-2 gene expression correlates with malignant progression in cutaneous melanoma. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:403-8. [PMID: 24359286 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is currently not possible to predict the metastatic potential of early-stage melanoma lesions by histological examination alone; however, a significant number of thin melanomas will progress over time to advanced disease. Molecular biomarkers that could identify patients with melanoma at high risk at the time of original diagnosis would contribute significantly to improved patient outcomes and increased survival. Neuropilin-2 (NRP2), a cell surface receptor involved in tumour-associated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, has recently been shown to be expressed in melanoma. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the potential value of NRP2 gene transcript levels as biomarkers for malignant melanoma progression. METHODS We measured NRP2 gene expression in a panel of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens consisting of naevi, primary melanomas and metastatic melanomas using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique. RESULTS NRP2 levels are clearly segregated among the groups of naevi, primary and metastatic melanoma samples with a statistical trend towards increasing NRP2 gene expression correlating with disease progression. Logistic regression analysis reveals that the probability of malignant progression increases with elevated levels of NRP2 (odds ratio of 2·60 with confidence interval 1·29-5·21). Within the group of primary melanomas, there is a positive correlation (r = 0·823) between NRP2 expression and Breslow depth. This correlation was validated in an independent sample set of patients with melanoma. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study strongly supports the significance of NRP2 as a useful biomarker for malignant progression of melanoma, which may be useful for early identification of patients with melanoma at high risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Rossi
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, U.S.A
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Du M, Lu D, Wang Q, Chu H, Tong N, Pan X, Qin C, Yin C, Wang M, Zhang Z. Genetic variations in microRNAs and the risk and survival of renal cell cancer. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1629-35. [PMID: 24681820 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding, single-stranded RNAs, which perform posttranscriptional regulatory functions as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNAs) genes are currently being identified for contributing to cancer risk, prognosis and survival. We investigated whether genetic variations of miRNAs were associated with the risk and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We genotyped four common miRNA SNPs (i.e. miR-146a rs2910164, miR-149 rs2292832, miR-196a2 rs11614913 and miR-499 rs3746444) to assess their associations with RCC risk in a two-stage case-control study (355 cases and 362 controls in discovery set, meanwhile 647 cases and 660 controls in validation set), as well as RCC survival in 311 patients. We found that the miR-196a2 SNP rs11614913 was associated with RCC susceptibility in recessive model [CC versus TT/TC, adjusted odds ratio = 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.52-0.83] and with survival of RCC in dominant model (TC/CC versus TT, adjusted hazard ratio = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.18-0.89). Meanwhile, the rs11614913 CC genotype was associated with the significantly decreased expression of miR-196a-5p in 26 renal cancer tissues (P = 0.018). Moreover, luciferase reporter assays revealed the potential effect of rs11614913 SNP on the binding of miR-196a-3p to its targets. These results suggested that the miR-196a2 rs11614913 may contribute to the genetic susceptibility and prognosis for RCC, which may act as a biomarker for RCC occurrence and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center and Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Desheng Lu
- Department of Urology, Yizheng Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Group of Nanjing, 1 Ring South Road, Yizheng 211900, China and
| | - Qiaoyan Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center and Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Haiyan Chu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center and Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Na Tong
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center and Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xuping Pan
- Department of Urology, Yizheng Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Group of Nanjing, 1 Ring South Road, Yizheng 211900, China and
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Changjun Yin
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center and Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center and Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Verykiou S, Ellis RA, Lovat PE. Established and Emerging Biomarkers in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. Healthcare (Basel) 2014; 2:60-73. [PMID: 27429260 PMCID: PMC4934494 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare2010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In an era of personalized medicine, disease specific biomarkers play an increasing role in the stratification of high-risk patient groups. Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer with an ever-increasing global incidence, especially in patients under 35-years of age. Despite the excellent prognosis for patients diagnosed with early stage disease, metastatic disease still carries significant overall mortality. Biomarkers aim not only to identify high-risk patients, but also to provide potential therapeutic targets for differing patient subgroups. Furthermore, accessibility to tissue samples from a range of disease stages in malignant melanoma, unlike most other solid tissue tumours, provides the unique opportunity to explore the biology of tumour progression that may be relevant in the biology of cancer as a whole. Over the past decade, there have been major advances in targeted therapies, providing new avenues and hope to patients with this devastating disease. This review will focus on most up to date histological, serological and molecular biomarkers in malignant melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stamatina Verykiou
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Robert A Ellis
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
- The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BW, UK.
| | - Penny E Lovat
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cancer is not limited to angiogenesis and vascular permeability. VEGF-mediated signalling occurs in tumour cells, and this signalling contributes to key aspects of tumorigenesis, including the function of cancer stem cells and tumour initiation. In addition to VEGF receptor tyrosine kinases, the neuropilins are crucial for mediating the effects of VEGF on tumour cells, primarily because of their ability to regulate the function and the trafficking of growth factor receptors and integrins. This has important implications for our understanding of tumour biology and for the development of more effective therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hira Lal Goel
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cao Y, Hoeppner LH, Bach S, E G, Guo Y, Wang E, Wu J, Cowley MJ, Chang DK, Waddell N, Grimmond SM, Biankin AV, Daly RJ, Zhang X, Mukhopadhyay D. Neuropilin-2 promotes extravasation and metastasis by interacting with endothelial α5 integrin. Cancer Res 2013; 73:4579-4590. [PMID: 23689123 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis, the leading cause of cancer death, requires tumor cell intravasation, migration through the bloodstream, arrest within capillaries, and extravasation to invade distant tissues. Few mechanistic details have been reported thus far regarding the extravasation process or re-entry of circulating tumor cells at metastatic sites. Here, we show that neuropilin-2 (NRP-2), a multifunctional nonkinase receptor for semaphorins, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and other growth factors, expressed on cancer cells interacts with α5 integrin on endothelial cells to mediate vascular extravasation and metastasis in zebrafish and murine xenograft models of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In tissue from patients with RCC, NRP-2 expression is positively correlated with tumor grade and is highest in metastatic tumors. In a prospectively acquired cohort of patients with pancreatic cancer, high NRP-2 expression cosegregated with poor prognosis. Through biochemical approaches as well as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), we describe a unique mechanism through which NRP-2 expressed on cancer cells interacts with α5 integrin on endothelial cells to mediate vascular adhesion and extravasation. Taken together, our studies reveal a clinically significant role of NRP-2 in cancer cell extravasation and promotion of metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Luke H Hoeppner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Steven Bach
- Bioengineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015
| | - Guangqi E
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Yan Guo
- Bioengineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015
| | - Enfeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Jianmin Wu
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Mark J Cowley
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David K Chang
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Bankstown Hospital, Eldridge Road, Bankstown, Sydney, NSW 2200, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Liverpool NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sean M Grimmond
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Bankstown Hospital, Eldridge Road, Bankstown, Sydney, NSW 2200, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Liverpool NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Roger J Daly
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Bioengineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Neuropilin-2 as a useful marker in the differentiation between Spitzoid malignant melanoma and Spitz nevus. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013; 68:129-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
19
|
Abstract
HT1080 - a human fibrosarcoma-derived cell line – forms aggressive angiogenic tumours in immuno-compromised mice. In spite of its extensive use as a model of tumour angiogenesis, the molecular event(s) initiating the angiogenic program in these cells are not known. Since hypoxia stimulates tumour angiogenesis, we examined the hypoxia-induced events evoked in these cells. In contrast to cells grown under normoxic conditions, hypoxia-primed (1% O2) HT1080 cells formed robust tubules on growth factor-reduced matrigel and formed significantly larger tumours in xenograft models in a chetomin-sensitive manner, indicating the role of HIF-1α-mediated transcription in these processes. Immuno-histochemical analyses of tumours formed by GFP-expressing HT1080 cells clearly showed that the tumour cells themselves expressed various angiogenic markers including Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) and formed functional vessels containing red blood cells, thereby unambiguously demonstrating the vasculogenic mimicry of HT1080 cells in vivo. Experiments performed with the HT1080 cells stably transfected with plasmid constructs expressing shNRP-1 or full-length NRP-1 clearly established that the HIF1α-mediated up-regulation of NRP-1 played a deterministic role in the process. Hypoxia-exposure resulted in an up-regulation of c-Myc and OCT3/4 and a down-regulation of KLF4 mRNAs, suggesting their involvement in the tumour formation and angiogenesis. However, silencing of NRP-1 alone, though not affecting proliferation in culture, was sufficient to abrogate the tumour formation completely; clearly establishing that the hypoxia-mediated HIF-1α-dependent up-regulation of NRP-1 is a critical molecular event involved in the vasculogenic mimicry and tumor formation by HT1080 cells in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roli M. Misra
- Stem Cell Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, National Centre for Cell Science Complex, University of Pune Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manmohan S. Bajaj
- Stem Cell Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, National Centre for Cell Science Complex, University of Pune Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vaijayanti P. Kale
- Stem Cell Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, National Centre for Cell Science Complex, University of Pune Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zheng X, Chopp M, Lu Y, Buller B, Jiang F. MiR-15b and miR-152 reduce glioma cell invasion and angiogenesis via NRP-2 and MMP-3. Cancer Lett 2012; 329:146-54. [PMID: 23142217 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We tested invasion and angiogenesis related mRNA expression and miRNA profiles of glioma. Genes with mRNA expression that changed significantly were selected to predict possible miRNAs that regulate mRNA expression, and were then matched with miRNA results. NRP-2 with the matching miRNA miR-15b, and MMP-3 with the matching miRNA miR-152 were selected for further study. Luciferase activity assay confirmed that miR-15b and miR-152 attenuate expression of NRP-2 and MMP-3 protein by binding to NRP-2 and MMP-3 transcript, respectively. In vitro invasion assay data showed that miR-15b and miR-152 significantly decreased 9L cell invasiveness. In vitro tube formation assay data showed that miR-15b reduced tube formation. A preliminary pathway study indicated that miR-15b and miR-152 deactivated the MEK-ERK pathway via NRP-2 and MMP-3 in 9L cells, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuguang Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wild JRL, Staton CA, Chapple K, Corfe BM. Neuropilins: expression and roles in the epithelium. Int J Exp Pathol 2012; 93:81-103. [PMID: 22414290 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2012.00810.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Initially found expressed in neuronal and then later in endothelial cells, it is well established that the transmembrane glycoproteins neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and neuropilin-2 (NRP2) play essential roles in axonal growth and guidance and in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Neuropilin expression and function in epithelial cells has received little attention when compared with neuronal and endothelial cells. Overexpression of NRPs is shown to enhance growth, correlate with invasion and is associated with poor prognosis in various tumour types, especially those of epithelial origin. The contribution of NRP and its ligands to tumour growth and metastasis has spurred a strong interest in NRPs as novel chemotherapy drug targets. Given NRP's role as a multifunctional co-receptor with an ability to bind with disparate ligand families, this has sparked new areas of research implicating NRPs in diverse biological functions. Here, we review the growing body of research demonstrating NRP expression and role in the normal and neoplastic epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R L Wild
- Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, Academic Unit of Surgical Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, The Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|