1
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Liu Y, Chin FWL, Huang D, Liu SQ, Lu Y. The thermal degradation of glucomoringin and changes of phenolic compounds in moringa seed kernels during different degrees of roasting. Food Chem 2024; 454:139782. [PMID: 38795626 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The effect of heat treatment on the abundant bioactive compounds in moringa seed kernels (MSKs) during different degrees of roasting remains sparingly explored despite the flour of roasted MSKs has been incorporated into the human diet (e.g., cakes, cookies, and burgers) as a substitute to enrich the nutritional content. Therefore, we investigated the impacts of different roasting conditions (e.g., temperature and duration) on bioactive compounds (e.g., glucosinolates (GSLs), phenolic acids and alkaloids) and antioxidant capacity of MSKs. Our results showed that light and medium roasting increased the glucomoringin (GMG, the main GSL in MSKs) content from 43.7 (unroasted MSKs) to 69.7-127.3 μmol/g MSKs (dry weight), while excessive/dark roasting caused thermally-induced degradation of GMG (trace/undetectable level) in MSKs, resulting in the formation of various breakdown products (e.g., thiourea, nitrile, and amide). In addition, although roasting caused a significant reduction of some phenolic compounds (e.g., gallic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric acids, and trigonelline), other phenolic acids (e.g., caffeic and ferulic acids) and alkaloids (e.g., caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline) remarkably increased after roasting, which may contribute to the enhanced total phenolic content (up to 2.9-fold) and antioxidant capacity (up to 5.8-fold) of the roasted MSKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiao Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Fion Wei Lin Chin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore; National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shao-Quan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore; National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yuyun Lu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
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2
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Endraß SMJ, Klapötke TM, Lommel M, Stierstorfer J, Weidemann ML, Werner M. 1- and 2-Tetrazolylacetonitrile as Versatile Ligands for Laser Ignitable Energetic Coordination Compounds. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400031. [PMID: 38436519 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
1- and 2-Tetrazolylacetonitrile (1- and 2-TAN) have been synthesized by the reaction of chloroacetonitrile with 1H-tetrazole under basic conditions. They further were reacted with sodium azide in the presence of zinc(II) chloride to form 5-((1H-tetrazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-tetrazole (1-HTMT) and 5-((2H-tetrazol-2-yl)methyl)-1H-tetrazole (2-HTMT). The nitrogen-rich compounds have been applied as ligands for Energetic Coordination Compounds (ECCs) and show interesting coordinative behavior due to different bridging modes. The structural variability of the compounds has been proved by low-temperature X-ray analysis. The ECCs were analyzed for their sensitivities to provide information about the safety of handling and their capability to serve as primary explosives in detonator setups to replace the commonly used lead styphnate and azide. All colored ECCs were evaluated for their ignitability by laser initiation in translucent polycarbonate primer caps. In addition, the spin-crossover characteristics of [Fe(1-TAN)6](ClO4)2 were highlighted by the measurement of the temperature-dependent susceptibility curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M J Endraß
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- EMTO GmbH, Energetic Materials Technology, 81477, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas M Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- EMTO GmbH, Energetic Materials Technology, 81477, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Lommel
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- EMTO GmbH, Energetic Materials Technology, 81477, Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg Stierstorfer
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- EMTO GmbH, Energetic Materials Technology, 81477, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin L Weidemann
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Werner
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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3
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Heim P, Biswas S, Lopez H, Gericke R, Twamley B, McDonald AR. A Co II-Hydroxide Complex That Converts Directly to a Co II-Acetamide during Catalytic Nitrile Hydration. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7896-7902. [PMID: 38607349 PMCID: PMC11061833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In exploring structural and functional mimics of nitrile hydratases, we report the synthesis of the pseudo-trigonal bipyramidal CoII complexes (K)[CoII(DMF)(LPh)] (1(DMF)), (NMe4)2[CoII(OAc)(LPh)] (1(OAc)), and (NMe4)2[CoII(OH)(LPh)] (1(OH)) (LPh = 2,2',2''-nitrilo-tris-(N-phenylacetamide; DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide; -OAc = acetate)). The complexes were characterized using NMR, FT-IR, ESI-MS, electronic absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography, showing the LPh ligand to bind in a tetradentate tripodal fashion alongside the respective ancillary donor. One of the complexes, 1(OH), is an unusual structural and functional mimic of the Co active site in Co nitrile hydratases. 1(OH) reacted with acetonitrile to yield the CoII-acetamide complex (NMe4)2[CoII(NHC(O)CH3)(LPh)], 2, which was also thoroughly characterized. In the presence of excess hydroxide, 1(OH) was found to catalyze quantitative conversion of the added hydroxide into acetamide. Despite the differences in Co oxidation state in nitrile hydratases and 1(OH) (CoIII versus CoII, respectively), 1(OH) was nonetheless an effective nitrile hydration catalyst, selectively producing acetamide over multiple turnovers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Heim
- School
of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The
University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sachidulal Biswas
- School
of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The
University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hugo Lopez
- School
of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The
University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Robert Gericke
- School
of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The
University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Resource
Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School
of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The
University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Aidan R. McDonald
- School
of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The
University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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4
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Ogo S, Yatabe T, Miyazawa K, Hashimoto Y, Takahashi C, Nakai H, Shiota Y. Cyclopropanation Using Electrons Derived from Hydrogen: Reaction of Alkenes and Hydrogen without Hydrogenation. JACS AU 2024; 4:1615-1622. [PMID: 38665645 PMCID: PMC11040560 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Have you ever imagined reactions of alkenes with hydrogen that result in anything other than hydrogenation or hydrogenative C-C coupling? We have long sought to develop not only hydrogenation catalysts that activate H2 as hydride ions but also electron transfer catalysts that activate H2 as a direct electron donor. Here, we report the reductive cyclopropanation of alkenes using an iridium electron storage catalyst with H2 as the electron source without releasing metal waste from the reductant. We discuss the catalytic mechanism with selectivity to give the trans-isomer. These findings are based on the isolation of three complexes and density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Ogo
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International
Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI Academy I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center
for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yatabe
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International
Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI Academy I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center
for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyazawa
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International
Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI Academy I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yunosuke Hashimoto
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International
Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI Academy I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International
Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI Academy I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Nakai
- Department
of Energy and Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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5
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Morris RH. Reactivity umpolung (reversal) of ligands in transition metal complexes. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2808-2827. [PMID: 38353155 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00979c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The success and power of homogeneous catalysis derives in large part from the wide choice of transition metal ions and their ligands. This tutorial review introduces examples where the reactivity of a ligand is completely reversed (umpolung) from Lewis basic/nucleophilic to acidic/electrophilic or vice versa on changing the metal and co-ligands. Understanding this phenomenon will assist in the rational design of catalysts and the understanding of metalloenzyme mechanisms. Labelling a metal and ligand with Seebach donor and acceptor labels helps to identify whether a reaction involving the intermolecular attack on the ligand is displaying native reactivity or reactivity umpolung. This has been done for complexes of nitriles, carbonyls, isonitriles, dinitrogen, Fischer carbenes, alkenes, alkynes, hydrides, methyls, methylidenes and alkylidenes, silylenes, oxides, imides/nitrenes, alkylidynes, methylidynes, and nitrides. The electronic influence of the metal and co-ligands is discussed in terms of the energy of (HOMO) d electrons. The energy can be related to the pKLACa (LAC is ligand acidity constant) of the theoretical hydride complexes [H-[M]-L]+ formed by the protonation of pair of valence d electrons on the metal in the [M-L] complex. Preliminary findings indicate that a negative pKLACa indicates that nucleophilic attack by a carbanion or amine on the ligand will likely occur while a positive pKLACa indicates that electrophilic attack by strong acids on the ligand will usually occur when the ligand is nitrile, carbonyl, isonitrile, alkene and η6-arene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S3H6.
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6
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Son Y, Jeong D, Kim K, Cho J. Mechanistic Insights into Nitrile Activation by Cobalt(III)-Hydroperoxo Intermediates: The Influence of Ligand Basicity. JACS AU 2023; 3:3204-3212. [PMID: 38034966 PMCID: PMC10685436 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The versatile applications of nitrile have led to the widespread use of nitrile activation in the synthesis of pharmacologically and industrially valuable compounds. We reported the activation of nitriles using mononuclear cobalt(III)-hydroperoxo complexes, [CoIII(Me3-TPADP)(O2H)(RCN)]2+ [R = Me (2) and Ph (2Ph)], to form cobalt(III)-peroxyimidato complexes, [CoIII(Me3-TPADP)(R-C(=NH)O2)]2+ [R = Me (3) and Ph (3Ph)]. The independence of the rate on the nitrile concentration and the positive Hammett value of 3.2(2) indicated that the reactions occur via an intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the hydroperoxide ligand to the coordinated nitrile carbon atom. In contrast, the previously reported cobalt(III)-hydroperoxo complex, [CoIII(TBDAP)(O2H)(CH3CN)]2+ (2TBDAP), exhibited the deficiency of reactivity toward nitrile. The comparison of pKa values and redox potentials of 2 and 2TBDAP showed that Me3-TPADP had a stronger ligand field strength than that of TBDAP. The density functional theory calculations for 2 and 2TBDAP support that the strengthened ligand field in 2 is mainly due to the replacement of two tert-butyl amine donors in TBDAP with methyl groups in Me3-TPADP, resulting in the compression of the Co-Nax bond lengths. These results provide mechanistic evidence of nitrile activation by the cobalt(III)-hydroperoxo complex and indicate that the basicity dependent on the ligand framework contributes to the ability of nitrile activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongjin Son
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of
Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Emerging Materials Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk
Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of
Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of
Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Emerging Materials Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk
Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeheung Cho
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of
Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Graduate
School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National
Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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7
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Cirri D, Marzo T, Pratesi A. An unprecedented palladium-arsenic catalytic cycle for nitriles hydration. Front Chem 2023; 11:1253008. [PMID: 37608865 PMCID: PMC10440694 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1253008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An unprecedented palladium/arsenic-based catalytic cycle for the hydration of nitriles to the corresponding amides is here described. It occurs in exceptionally mild conditions such as neutral pH and moderate temperature (60°C). The versatility of this new catalytic cycle was tested on various nitriles from aliphatic to aromatic. Also, the effect of ring substitution with electron withdrawing and electron donating groups was investigated in the cases of aromatic nitriles, as well as the effect of potentially interferent functional groups such as hydroxy group or pyridinic nitrogen. Furthermore, a pilot study on the potential suitability of this approach for its scale-up is presented, revealing that the catalytic cycle could be potentially and quickly scaled up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Cirri
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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8
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Sturtz M, House C. Metal Catalysis Acting on Nitriles in Early Earth Hydrothermal Systems. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1524. [PMID: 37511899 PMCID: PMC10381589 DOI: 10.3390/life13071524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrothermal systems are areas in which heated fluids and organic molecules rush through basaltic material rich in metals and minerals. By studying malononitrile and acetonitrile, we examine the effects of metal and mineral nanoparticles on nitrile compounds in anoxic, hydrothermal conditions representing a prebiotic environment of early Earth. Polymerization, reduction, cyclization, and a phenomenon colloquially known as 'chemical gardening' (structure building via reprecipitation of metal compounds or complexing with organics) are all potential outcomes with the addition of metals and minerals. Reduction occurs with the addition of rhodium (Rh) or iron (II) sulfide (FeS), with positive identification of ethanol and ethylamine forming from acetonitrile reduction. We find that polymerization and insoluble product formation were associated with oxide minerals, metallic nickel (Ni), and metallic cobalt (Co) acting as catalysts. Oxide minerals strongly promoted polymerization into insoluble, tar-like products of nitriles. FeS, iron-nickel alloy (FeNi), and rhodium are unique cases that appear to act as reagents by actively participating in chemical gardening without returning to their initial state. Further, FeS tentatively had a phase change into the mineral parabutlerite. This research aims to identify metals and metal minerals that could best serve nitrile catalysis and reactions on early Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Sturtz
- Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, 116 Deike Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Christopher House
- Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, 116 Deike Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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9
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Thuéry P, Harrowfield J. (R,R)-Tartrate as a polytopic ligand for UO22+: mono- and diperiodic coordination polymers including di- and tetranuclear subunits. Polyhedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2023.116346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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10
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Jungfer MR, Abram U. [ReH 3 (PPh 3 ) 4 ] - A Key Compound in the Rhenium Hydride Chemistry. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203317. [PMID: 36628556 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of the rhenium trihydrido complex [ReH3 (PPh3 )4 ] (1) has been reinvestigated. An improved synthesis and the solid-state structure of the compound as well as several reactions are reported. The solid-state structure of 1 is similar to that of [TcH3 (PPh3 )4 ] having a capped-octahedral coordination sphere. The PPh3 ligands surround the Re atom in a trigonal-pyramidal mode with a short apical Re-P bond (2.300(2) Å) and three longer basal bonds (2.429(2)-2.449(2) Å). Reactions of 1 with monodentate phosphines such as PMe3 or PBu3 give the mono-substituted complexes [ReH3 (PPh3 )3 (PMe3 )] (2) and [ReH3 (PPh3 )3 (PBu3 )] (3) under retention of the apical PPh3 ligand and substitution of one of the basal PPh3 ligands. The stability of the phosphine trihydride complexes decreases in the order PPh3 >PMe3 >PBu3 . Treatment of [ReH3 (PPh3 )4 ] with trityl hexafluorophosphate in CH3 CN does not result in a hydride abstraction, but gives the tetrahydrido cation [ReH4 (NCCH3 )(PPh3 )3 ]+ (4), while reactions with nitriles give unstable azavinylidene complexes of the composition [ReH2 (PPh3 )3 (NC(H)R)] (5). They are formed by an insertion of the nitrile into a Re-H bond. The solid-state structure of the methyl derivative [ReH2 (PPh3 )3 (NC(H)CH3 )] (5 a) was determined showing a linear Re-N-C unit with rhenium-nitrogen and nitrogen-carbon double bonds, while the N=CH-C bond is clearly bent with an angle of 124°. Two previously unknown polymorphs of [ReH5 (PPh3 )3 ] were isolated from reactions of 1 with HOC6 H3 (CH3 )2 and thiourea after prolonged heating in toluene and characterized by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Roca Jungfer
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Design of a novel -NOON- tetradentate Schiff-base scaffold supported by α-tetralone and benzothiazole moieties with its Cu2+, Co2+, and Cd2+ chelates. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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12
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Hiti EA, Kumar Mishra M, Smetana V, Mudring AV, Rogers RD. Isolation of Anhydrous Tetrabutylphosphonium Lanthanide Hexa- and Penta-Nitrates from Ionic Liquids. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13
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Zheng LL, Hu S. One-Step Synthesis of a Circle-Like Heterometallic Cu2Co2 Cluster Incorporating Polytopic N-Donor Ligands Formed In Situ. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Chen L, Zhang X, Zhou M, Shen L, Kramer S, Lian Z. Enantioselective Four-Component Arylsulfonylcyanation of Vinylarenes via the Insertion of SO 2 Enabled by SOgen as SO 2 Surrogate. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Søren Kramer
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Zhong Lian
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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15
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Horbaczewskyj CS, Fairlamb IJS. Pd-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings: On the Importance of the Catalyst Quantity Descriptors, mol % and ppm. Org Process Res Dev 2022; 26:2240-2269. [PMID: 36032362 PMCID: PMC9396667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
![]()
This Review examines parts per million (ppm) palladium
concentrations
in catalytic cross-coupling reactions and their relationship with
mole percentage (mol %). Most studies in catalytic cross-coupling
chemistry have historically focused on the concentration ratio between
(pre)catalyst and the limiting reagent (substrate), expressed as mol
%. Several recent papers have outlined the use of “ppm level”
palladium as an alternative means of describing catalytic cross-coupling
reaction systems. This led us to delve deeper into the literature
to assess whether “ppm level” palladium is a practically
useful descriptor of catalyst quantities in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling
reactions. Indeed, we conjectured that many reactions could, unknowingly,
have employed low “ppm levels” of palladium (pre)catalyst,
and generally, what would the spread of ppm palladium look like across
a selection of studies reported across the vast array of the cross-coupling
chemistry literature. In a few selected examples, we have examined
other metal catalyst systems for comparison with palladium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian J. S. Fairlamb
- University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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16
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Gimeno-Prat A, Martín A, Baya M, Casas JM. Trans‐Amidate Platinum Complexes anchoring Water and N‐donor Molecules. The Importance of Hydrogen Bonding. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Martín
- CSIC: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas Química Inorgánica SPAIN
| | - Miguel Baya
- Universidad de Zaragoza Facultad de Ciencias Química Inorgánica C/. Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza SPAIN
| | - José M. Casas
- Universidad de Zaragoza Facultad de Ciencias Química Inorgánica SPAIN
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17
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Tasić M, Ruiz-Soriano A, Strand D. Copper(I) Catalyzed Decarboxylative Synthesis of Diareno[ a, e]cyclooctatetraenes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7501-7508. [PMID: 35587005 PMCID: PMC9490866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Diareno[a,e]cyclooctatetraenes
find widespread applications as building blocks, ligands, and responsive
cores in topologically switchable materials. However, current synthetic
methods to these structures suffer from low yields or operational
disadvantages. Here, we describe a practical three-step approach to
diareno[a,e]cyclooctatetraenes using
an efficient copper(I) catalyzed double decarboxylation as the key
step. The sequence relies on cheap and abundant reagents, is readily
performed on scale, and is amenable also to unsymmetrical derivatives
that expand the utility of this intriguing class of structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Tasić
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Albert Ruiz-Soriano
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Strand
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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18
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Rodrigues RM, Thadathil DA, Ponmudi K, George A, Varghese A. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Synthesis of Nitriles: A Sustainable Approach. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopa Margaret Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Ditto Abraham Thadathil
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Keerthana Ponmudi
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Ashlay George
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road Bengaluru Karnataka 560029 India
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19
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20
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Chang J, Ding M, Mao JX, Zhang J, Chen X. Reactions and catalytic applications of a PNCNP pincer palladium hydride complex. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:17602-17608. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03131k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A PNCNP-pincer palladium hydride complex possesses strong deprotonating ability and versatile catalytic activity and its pincer backbone exhibits high water stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Chang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Man Ding
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Jia-Xue Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xuenian Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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21
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Bogdanova EV, Stogniy MY, Suponitsky KY, Sivaev IB, Bregadze VI. Synthesis of Boronated Amidines by Addition of Amines to Nitrilium Derivative of Cobalt Bis(Dicarbollide). Molecules 2021; 26:6544. [PMID: 34770953 PMCID: PMC8588172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel cobalt bis(dicarbollide) based amidines were synthesized by the nucleophilic addition of primary and secondary amines to highly activated B-N+≡C-R triple bond of the propionitrilium derivative [8-EtC≡N-3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)]. The reactions with primary amines result in the formation of mixtures of E and Z isomers of amidines, whereas the reactions with secondary amines lead selectively to the E-isomers. The crystal molecular structures of E-[8-EtC(NMe2)=HN-3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)], E-[8-EtC(NEt2)=HN-3,3'-Co(1,2- C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)] and E-[8-EtC(NC5H10)=HN-3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)] were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V. Bogdanova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
- M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Av., 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Yu. Stogniy
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
- M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Av., 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kyrill Yu. Suponitsky
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
- Basic Department of Chemistry of Innovative Materials and Technologies, G.V. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyannyi Line, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor B. Sivaev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
| | - Vladimir I. Bregadze
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
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22
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Crochet P, Cadierno V. Access to
α
‐ and
β
‐Hydroxyamides and Ureas Through Metal‐Catalyzed C≡N Bond Hydration and Transfer Hydration Reactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Crochet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Universidad de Oviedo Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Victorio Cadierno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Universidad de Oviedo Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
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23
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Abe T, Noda K, Sawada D. Synthesis of α-substituted indolylacetamide using acetonitriles as acetamide enolate equivalents through O-transfer reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7493-7496. [PMID: 34212954 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02821a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We introduce readily available ammonium hemiaminals as O-transfer reagents and commercially available acetonitriles as a primary amide enolate precursor. The combination serves as an amide enolate equivalent, thereby providing one-pot access to α-substituted indolylacetamides. A broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance as well as gram-scale synthesis make this protocol highly attractive. Mechanistic experiments suggest that the cyano group is trapped by a hydroxy group of hemiaminals en route to the desired primary amides under metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Abe
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 7008530, Japan.
| | - Kenta Noda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 7008530, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Sawada
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 7008530, Japan.
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24
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Dichloro(η6-p-cymene)(P,P-diphenyl-N-propyl-phosphinous amide-κP)ruthenium(II). MOLBANK 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/m1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, i.e., [RuCl2(η6-p-cymene)(PPh2NHnPr)] (2), was obtained in a 71% yield by reacting a toluene solution of the chlorophosphine complex [RuCl2(η6-p-cymene)(PPh2Cl)] (1) with two equivalents of n-propylamine at room temperature. The aminophosphine complex 2 was characterized by elemental analysis, multinuclear NMR (31P{1H}, 1H and 13C{1H}) and IR spectroscopy. In addition, its catalytic behavior in the hydration of benzonitrile was briefly explored.
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25
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Babón JC, Esteruelas MA, López AM, Oñate E. Hydration of Aliphatic Nitriles Catalyzed by an Osmium Polyhydride: Evidence for an Alternative Mechanism. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7284-7296. [PMID: 33904305 PMCID: PMC8892838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The hexahydride OsH6(PiPr3)2 competently catalyzes the hydration
of aliphatic nitriles
to amides. The main metal species under the catalytic conditions are
the trihydride osmium(IV) amidate derivatives OsH3{κ2-N,O-[HNC(O)R]}(PiPr3)2, which have been isolated and fully characterized
for R = iPr and tBu. The rate of hydration is
proportional to the concentrations of the catalyst precursor, nitrile,
and water. When these experimental findings and density functional
theory calculations are combined, the mechanism of catalysis has been
established. Complexes OsH3{κ2-N,O-[HNC(O)R]}(PiPr3)2 dissociate the carbonyl group of the chelate to afford
κ1-N-amidate derivatives, which
coordinate the nitrile. The subsequent attack of an external water
molecule to both the C(sp) atom of the nitrile and the N atom of the
amidate affords the amide and regenerates the κ1-N-amidate catalysts. The attack is concerted and takes place
through a cyclic six-membered transition state, which involves Cnitrile···O–H···Namidate interactions. Before the attack, the free carbonyl
group of the κ1-N-amidate ligand
fixes the water molecule in the vicinity of the C(sp) atom of the
nitrile. The hexahydride complex OsH6(PiPr3)2 competently catalyzes the
hydration of aliphatic
nitriles to amides. Isolation of the main metal species under the
catalytic conditions, kinetics of hydration, and density functional
theory calculations support an alternative mechanism to those previously
reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Babón
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Miguel A Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Ana M López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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26
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Chen Y, Xu L, Jiang Y, Ma D. Assembly of α-(Hetero)aryl Nitriles via Copper-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions with (Hetero)aryl Chlorides and Bromides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7082-7086. [PMID: 33372348 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
α-(Hetero)aryl nitriles are important structural motifs for pharmaceutical design. The known methods for direct synthesis of these compounds via coupling with (hetero)aryl halides suffer from narrow reaction scope. Herein, we report that the combination of copper salts and oxalic diamides enables the coupling of a variety of (hetero)aryl halides (Cl, Br) and ethyl cyanoacetate under mild conditions, affording α-(hetero)arylacetonitriles via one-pot decarboxylation. Additionally, the CuBr/oxalic diamide catalyzed coupling of (hetero)aryl bromides with α-alkyl-substituted ethyl cyanoacetates proceeds smoothly at 60 °C, leading to the formation of α-alkyl (hetero)arylacetonitriles after decarboxylation. The method features a general substrate scope and is compatible with various functionalities and heteroaryls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Lanting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dawei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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27
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Arene-ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) complexes as catalysts for nitrile hydration and aldoxime rearrangement reactions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Chen Y, Xu L, Jiang Y, Ma D. Assembly of α‐(Hetero)aryl Nitriles via Copper‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions with (Hetero)aryl Chlorides and Bromides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 393 Middle Huaxia Road Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Lanting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yongwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Dawei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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29
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Lee KF, Yang T, Tsang LY, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Azavinylidene Complexes from Coupling Reactions of Organonitriles with Phosphines. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kui-Fun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tilong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Long-Yiu Tsang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Herman H. Y. Sung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ian D. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Guochen Jia
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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30
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Chen M, Liang Y, Dong T, Liang W, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Huang X, Kong L, Wang ZX, Peng B. Z-Selective α-Arylation of α,β-Unsaturated Nitriles via [3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:2339-2345. [PMID: 33017503 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction and [3, 3]-sigmatropic rearrangement are two paradigms in organic synthesis. We have merged the two types of reactions to achieve [3,3]-rearrangement of aryl sulfoxides with α,β-unsaturated nitriles. The reaction was achieved by sequentially treating both coupling partners with electrophilic activator (Tf2 O) and base, offering an effective approach to prepare synthetically versatile α-aryl α,β-unsaturated nitriles with Z-selectivity through direct α-C-H arylation of unmodified α,β-unsaturated nitriles. The control experiments and DFT calculations support a four-stage reaction sequence, including the assembly of Tf2 O activated aryl sulfoxide with α,β-unsaturated nitrile, MBH-like Lewis base addition, [3,3]-rearrangement, and E1cB-elimination. Among these stages, the Lewis base addition is diastereoselective and E1cB-elimination is cis-selective, which could account for the remarkable Z-selectivity of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yuchen Liang
- School of Chemical Science, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Taotao Dong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Weijian Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yage Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Lichun Kong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Science, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
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31
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Agnarelli L, Fioco D, Belli Dell' Amico D, Labella L, Marchetti F, Samaritani S. Facile nucleophilic substitution of coordinated acetonitrile in trans-[PtCl4(NCMe)(PPh3)]. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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32
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Trivedi M, Dubey SK, Kaur G, Rath NP. Ru( ii)- and Ru( iv)-dmso complexes catalyze efficient and selective aqueous-phase nitrile hydration reactions under mild conditions. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03041h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of new water-soluble Ru(ii)- and Ru(iv)-dmso complexes are reported which show good efficiency and selectivity for aqueous-phase nitrile hydration at 60 °C in air. Best performance is achieved using complex [RuCl2(dmso)3(NH3)]·PF6·Cl (3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Trivedi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, NewDelhi-110021, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Integrated & Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, India
| | - Gurmeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Nigam P. Rath
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Centre for Nanoscience, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121-4499, USA
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33
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Yang HS, Macha L, Ha HJ, Yang JW. Functionalisation of esters via 1,3-chelation using NaO tBu: mechanistic investigations and synthetic applications. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01135e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unusual nucleophilic behavior of a metal t-butoxide in a transesterification reaction was demonstrated by NMR and real-time IR spectroscopies and deuterium-labeling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sung Yang
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- Republic of Korea
| | - Lingamurthy Macha
- Department of Chemistry
- Hankuk University of Foreign Studies
- Yongin 17035
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joon Ha
- Department of Chemistry
- Hankuk University of Foreign Studies
- Yongin 17035
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Woon Yang
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- Republic of Korea
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34
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Eşsiz S. A computational study for the reaction mechanism of metal-free cyanomethylation of aryl alkynoates with acetonitrile. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18246-18251. [PMID: 35480900 PMCID: PMC9033414 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01649k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A computational study of metal-free cyanomethylation and cyclization of aryl alkynoates with acetonitrile is carried out employing density functional theory and high-level coupled-cluster methods, such as coupled-cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triples [CCSD(T)]. Our results indicate that the reaction of aryl alkynoates with acetonitrile in the presence of tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) under metal-free conditions tends to proceed through cyanomethylation, spirocyclization and ester migration of the kinetically favoured coumarin derivatives. 1,2-Ester migration in the spiro-radical intermediate 10 does not proceed via the formation of the carboxyl radical 11 suggested by Sun and co-workers. Our results also demonstrate that the t-butoxy radical is substantially responsible the formation of the cyanomethyl radical by the abstraction of a hydrogen atom from acetonitrile. A computational study of metal-free cyanomethylation and cyclization of aryl alkynoates with acetonitrile is carried out employing density functional theory and high-level coupled-cluster methods, such as [CCSD(T)].![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Selçuk Eşsiz
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Atatürk University
- Erzurum 25240
- Turkey
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Chen M, Liang Y, Dong T, Liang W, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Huang X, Kong L, Wang Z, Peng B. Z
‐Selective α‐Arylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Nitriles via [3,3]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Yuchen Liang
- School of Chemical Science University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Taotao Dong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Weijian Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Yage Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Lichun Kong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Zhi‐Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Science University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Bo Peng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
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37
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Rh(III)-catalyzed direct cross-dehydrogenative coupling of aromatic nitriles with heteroarenes: Rapid access to biheteroaryl-2-carbonitriles. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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38
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Casella G, Carlotto S, Mozzon M, Sgarbossa P, Bertani R, Casarin M. A DFT mechanistic study of the synthesis of trans-Z,Z-[PtIICl(NH3){HN = C(NH2)Me}2]Cl from addition of NH3 to trans-[PtIICl2(N CMe)2]. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Prejanò M, Alberto ME, Russo N, Marino T. Hydration of Aromatic Nitriles Catalyzed by Mn-OH Complexes: A Rationalization from Quantum Chemical Investigations. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Prejanò
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci cubo 14 C, Arcavacata di Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Marta Erminia Alberto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci cubo 14 C, Arcavacata di Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Nino Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci cubo 14 C, Arcavacata di Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Tiziana Marino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci cubo 14 C, Arcavacata di Rende 87036, Italy
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40
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Chhatwal AR, Lomax HV, Blacker AJ, Williams JMJ, Marcé P. Direct synthesis of amides from nonactivated carboxylic acids using urea as nitrogen source and Mg(NO 3) 2 or imidazole as catalysts. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5808-5818. [PMID: 32832055 PMCID: PMC7416778 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01317j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A new method for the direct synthesis of primary and secondary amides from carboxylic acids is described using Mg(NO3)2·6H2O or imidazole as a low-cost and readily available catalyst, and urea as a stable, and easy to manipulate nitrogen source. This methodology is particularly useful for the direct synthesis of primary and methyl amides avoiding the use of ammonia and methylamine gas which can be tedious to manipulate. Furthermore, the transformation does not require the employment of coupling or activating agents which are commonly required.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosie Chhatwal
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK .
| | - Helen V Lomax
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK
| | - A John Blacker
- Institute of Process Research & Development , School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , UK
| | - Jonathan M J Williams
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK .
| | - Patricia Marcé
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK .
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41
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Abd El-Hady M, Gomaa E, Zaky R, Gomaa A. Synthesis, characterization, computational simulation, cyclic voltammetry and biological studies on Cu(II), Hg(II) and Mn(II) complexes of 3-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-3-oxopropionitrile. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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Cho D, Choi S, Cho J, Baik MH. Peroxocobalt(iii) species activates nitriles via a superoxocobalt(ii) diradical state. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2819-2826. [PMID: 31960881 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00042f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dioxygenation of nitriles by [CoIII(TBDAP)(O2)]+ (TBDAP = N,N-di-tert-butyl-2,11-diaza[3.3](2,6)-pyridinophane) is investigated using DFT-calculations. The mechanism proposed previously based on experimental observations, which invoked an outer-sphere cycloaddition, was found to be unreasonable. Instead, calculations suggest that an inner-sphere mechanism involving the cleavage of one of the Co-O bonds assisted by substrate uptake is much more likely. The reactively competent species is a triplet consisting of a Co(ii)-superoxo functionality, which can undergo O-C bond formation and O-O bond cleavage traversing low energy transition states. The role of the structurally rigid TBDAP ligand is to prevent the participation of the pyridyl ligand in the delocalization of the unpaired electron density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasol Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulhui Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeheung Cho
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Transition metal-free NaOH-catalyzed hydration of nitriles to primary amides in NH 3·H 2O-DMSO mixture. Mol Divers 2020; 25:1131-1136. [PMID: 32088812 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10058-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we reported an efficient protocol for hydration of aryl(hetero) and alkyl nitriles toward primary amides with 0.1 equiv. NaOH in NH3·H2O-DMSO under mild conditions. Various substituted nitriles are smoothly converted to the corresponding amides with good to excellent isolated yields. Gram-scale reactions were also performed to produce the desired products in high yields. In addition, the excessive hydrolysis of the nitrile to form the corresponding carboxylic acid was also achieved with increasing the amount of NaOH and prolonging the reaction time.
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44
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Zheng LL, Wang JF, Wang J, Zhou AJ, Liao CX, Hu S. Cu2+-promoted nucleophilic addition of pyrazole to cyano group. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Selective Hydration of Nitriles to Corresponding Amides in Air with Rh(I)-N-Heterocyclic Complex Catalysts. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A new synthetic method for obtaining [RhCl(cod)(NHC)] complexes (1–4) (cod = η4-1,5-cyclooctadiene, NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene: IMes, SIMes, IPr, and SIPr, respectively) is reported together with the catalytic properties of 1–4 in nitrile hydration. In addition to the characterization of 1–4 in solution by 13C NMR spectroscopy, the structures of complexes 3, and 4 have been established also in the solid state with single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The Rh(I)-NHC complexes displayed excellent catalytic activity in hydration of aromatic nitriles (up to TOF = 276 h−1) in water/2-propanol (1/1 v/v) mixtures in air.
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46
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González-Fernández R, Álvarez D, Crochet P, Cadierno V, Menéndez MI, López R. Catalytic hydration of cyanamides with phosphinous acid-based ruthenium( ii) and osmium( ii) complexes: scope and mechanistic insights. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00523a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic hydration of cyanamides to ureas has been accomplished employing, for the first time, homogeneous catalysts, i.e. the phosphinous acid complexes [MCl2(η6-p-cymene)(PMe2OH)] (M = Ru, Os).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca González-Fernández
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis (Unidad Asociada al CSIC)
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”
- Facultad de Química
| | - Daniel Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- E-33006 Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Pascale Crochet
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis (Unidad Asociada al CSIC)
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”
- Facultad de Química
| | - Victorio Cadierno
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis (Unidad Asociada al CSIC)
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”
- Facultad de Química
| | - M. Isabel Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- E-33006 Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- E-33006 Oviedo
- Spain
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47
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Shimizu M, Furukawa Y, Mizota I, Zhu Y. An umpolung reaction of α-iminonitriles and its application to the synthesis of aminomalononitriles. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05114g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An umpolungN-alkylation reaction of α-iminonitriles with Grignard reagents gaveN-alkylated α-aminonitriles in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Shimizu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
- Department of Chemistry for Materials
| | - Yuki Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry for Materials
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Mie University
- Tsu
- Japan
| | - Isao Mizota
- Department of Chemistry for Materials
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Mie University
- Tsu
- Japan
| | - Yusong Zhu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
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48
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Zelenkov LE, Kuznetsov ML, Andrusenko EV, Avdontceva MS, Starova GL, Bokach NA, Kukushkin VY. Nickel( ii)-mediated cyanamide–pyrazole coupling highlights distinct reactivity of NCNR 2 and NCR nitrile ligands. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nickel(ii) center efficiently promotes the cyanamide–pyrazole coupling to give bis-chelate and tris-chelate products. The formation of the tris-chelate product for dialkylcyanamides is thermodynamically favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev E. Zelenkov
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Maxim L. Kuznetsov
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
- Centro de Química Estrutural
| | - Elena V. Andrusenko
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Margarita S. Avdontceva
- Institute of Earth Sciences
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Galina L. Starova
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A. Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
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49
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Liu L, Si M, Han S, Zhang Y, Li J. Copper-catalyzed regioselective sulfonylcyanations of vinylarenes. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00415d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A set of copper-catalyzed sulfonylcyanations of vinylarenes with readily accessible arylsulfonyl chlorides and trimethyl cyanide was achieved, providing a streamlined route to various decorated β-sulfonyl nitriles with good regioselectivity and functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jiangnan University. Lihu Avenue 1800
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Mingran Si
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jiangnan University. Lihu Avenue 1800
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Shengnan Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jiangnan University. Lihu Avenue 1800
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jiangnan University. Lihu Avenue 1800
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jiangnan University. Lihu Avenue 1800
- Wuxi 214122
- China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
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50
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Talukdar R. Ir III-Catalyzed direct syntheses of amides and esters using nitriles as acid equivalents: a photochemical pathway. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00002g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented IrIII[df(CF3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6-catalyzed simple photochemical process for direct addition of amines and alcohols to the relatively less reactive nitrile triple bond is described herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranadeep Talukdar
- Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery Laboratory
- Centre of Biomedical Research
- Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences
- Lucknow 226014
- India
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