1
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The Warburg effect and glucose-derived cancer theranostics. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1637-1653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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2
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Palmioli A, Aliprandi A, Septiadi D, Mauro M, Bernardi A, De Cola L, Panigati M. Glyco-functionalized dinuclear rhenium(i) complexes for cell imaging. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:1686-1699. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02559e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New luminescent glycosilated rhenium complexes were synthesized and evaluated as dyes for optical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dedy Septiadi
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Matteo Mauro
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Anna Bernardi
- Department of Chemistry
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Luisa De Cola
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Monica Panigati
- Department of Chemistry
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
- Milan Unit of INSTM
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3
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Slootweg JC, Albada HB, Siegmund D, Metzler-Nolte N. Efficient Reagent-Saving Method for the N-Terminal Labeling of Bioactive Peptides with Organometallic Carboxylic Acids by Solid-Phase Synthesis. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack C. Slootweg
- Mercachem, Kerkenbos 1013, 6546 BB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Lehrstuhl
für Anorganische Chemie I−Bioanorganische Chemie, Fakultät
für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - H. Bauke Albada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Lehrstuhl
für Anorganische Chemie I−Bioanorganische Chemie, Fakultät
für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Daniel Siegmund
- Lehrstuhl
für Anorganische Chemie I−Bioanorganische Chemie, Fakultät
für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Lehrstuhl
für Anorganische Chemie I−Bioanorganische Chemie, Fakultät
für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
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4
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Leonidova A, Pierroz V, Rubbiani R, Heier J, Ferrari S, Gasser G. Towards cancer cell-specific phototoxic organometallic rhenium(I) complexes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:4287-94. [PMID: 23982882 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51817e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the recent years, several Re(I) organometallic compounds have been shown to be toxic to various cancer cell lines. However, these compounds lacked sufficient selectivity towards cancer tissues to be used as novel chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we probe the potential of two known N,N-bis(quinolinoyl) Re(I) tricarbonyl complex derivatives, namely Re(I) tricarbonyl [N,N-bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)amino]-4-butane-1-amine (Re-NH₂) and Re(I) tricarbonyl [N,N-bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)amino]-5-valeric acid (Re-COOH), as photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizers. Re-NH₂ and Re-COOH proved to be excellent singlet oxygen generators in a lipophilic environment with quantum yields of about 75%. Furthermore, we envisaged to improve the selectivity of Re-COOH via conjugation to two types of peptides, namely a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a derivative of the neuropeptide bombesin, to form Re-NLS and Re-Bombesin, respectively. Fluorescent microscopy on cervical cancer cells (HeLa) showed that the conjugation of Re-COOH to NLS significantly enhanced the compound's accumulation into the cell nucleus and more specifically into its nucleoli. Importantly, in view of PDT applications, the cytotoxicity of the Re complexes and their bioconjugates increased significantly upon light irradiation. In particular, Re-Bombesin was found to be at least 20-fold more toxic after light irradiation. DNA photo-cleavage studies demonstrated that all compounds damaged DNA via singlet oxygen and, to a minor extent, superoxide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leonidova
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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5
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Law WHT, Lee LCC, Louie MW, Liu HW, Ang TWH, Lo KKW. Phosphorescent Cellular Probes and Uptake Indicators Derived from Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Bipyridine Complexes Appended with a Glucose or Galactose Entity. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:13029-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401714p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendell Ho-Tin Law
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee
(Hong Kong)] and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee
(Hong Kong)] and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Man-Wai Louie
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee
(Hong Kong)] and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Wei Liu
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee
(Hong Kong)] and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Tim Wai-Hung Ang
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee
(Hong Kong)] and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee
(Hong Kong)] and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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6
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Ribeiro Morais G, Falconer RA, Santos I. Carbohydrate-Based Molecules for Molecular Imaging in Nuclear Medicine. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Morais GR, Paulo A, Santos I. Organometallic Complexes for SPECT Imaging and/or Radionuclide Therapy. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300501d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Goreti Ribeiro Morais
- Unidade de Ciências
Quı́micas e Radiofarmacêuticas, Instituto
Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional
10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- Unidade de Ciências
Quı́micas e Radiofarmacêuticas, Instituto
Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional
10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santos
- Unidade de Ciências
Quı́micas e Radiofarmacêuticas, Instituto
Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional
10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
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8
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Benoist E, Coulais Y, Almant M, Kovensky J, Moreau V, Lesur D, Artigau M, Picard C, Galaup C, Gouin SG. A Click procedure with heterogeneous copper to tether technetium-99m chelating agents and rhenium complexes. Evaluation of the chelating properties and biodistribution of the new radiolabelled glucose conjugates. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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de Barros ALB, Cardoso VN, Mota LDG, Leite EA, de Oliveira MC, Alves RJ. A novel d-glucose derivative radiolabeled with technetium-99m: Synthesis, biodistribution studies and scintigraphic images in an experimental model of Ehrlich tumor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2478-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Chaves S, Dron PI, Danalache FA, Sacoto D, Gano L, Santos MA. Combined chelation based on glycosyl-mono- and bis-hydroxypyridinones for aluminium mobilization: Solution and biodistribution studies. J Inorg Biochem 2009; 103:1521-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Gottschaldt M, Schubert US. Prospects of metal complexes peripherally substituted with sugars in biomedicinal applications. Chemistry 2009; 15:1548-57. [PMID: 19130511 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes possess unique tunable properties, such as radioactivity, cytotoxicity or photophysical features, enabling them to act as diagnostic tracers or therapeutic agents. In applying them in biological systems, it is often necessary to enhance their solubility and biocompatibility. To achieve such goals, like the targeting of binding domains, transport systems and enzyme activities, the attachment of carbohydrate moieties appears to be suitable. Sugar-substitution in the periphery of metal complexes has therefore become a strongly growing field of research. Outlined herein is a selection of recent examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gottschaldt
- Laboratory for Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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12
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Kunz PC, Berghahn M, Brückmann NE, Dickmeis M, Kettel M, Spingler B. Functionalised Tris(pyrazolyl)methane Ligands and Re(CO)3Complexes Thereof. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200801298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Mikata Y, Fujii S, Naemura M, Takahashi K, Noguchi Y. Copper(ii) and zinc(ii) complexes with C-glycoside-pendant dipicolylamine (DPA)-amino acid conjugates. Dalton Trans 2009:10305-10. [DOI: 10.1039/b915481g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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14
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Bowen ML, Chen ZF, Roos AM, Misri R, Häfeli U, Adam MJ, Orvig C. Long-chain rhenium and technetium glucosamine conjugates. Dalton Trans 2009:9228-36. [PMID: 20449200 DOI: 10.1039/b914309b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meryn L Bowen
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
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15
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Bartholomä M, Valliant J, Maresca KP, Babich J, Zubieta J. Single amino acid chelates (SAAC): a strategy for the design of technetium and rhenium radiopharmaceuticals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:493-512. [PMID: 19283279 DOI: 10.1039/b814903h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bartholomä
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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16
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Bowen ML, Orvig C. 99m-Technetium carbohydrate conjugates as potential agents in molecular imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5077-91. [PMID: 18956031 DOI: 10.1039/b809365b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This feature article covers recent reports of work towards the development of (99m)Tc-carbohydrate based agents for use in SPECT imaging, particularly of cancerous tissue. An outline of some of the key biological functions and coordination chemistry of carbohydrates is given, along with an introduction to bioconjugation and molecular imaging. Technetium coordination chemistry and the subset of this involving bioconjugates are discussed before moving into the focus of the article: glycoconjugates of (99m)Tc(v) and the more recently developed [(99m)Tc(I)(CO)(3)](+). Significant work in the last decade has featured the very attractive [(99m)Tc(CO)(3)](+) core, and the ligand sets designed for this core are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryn L Bowen
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, CanadaV6T 1Z1
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17
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Lane SR, Veerendra B, Rold TL, Sieckman GL, Hoffman TJ, Jurisson SS, Smith CJ. 99mTc(CO)3-DTMA bombesin conjugates having high affinity for the GRP receptor. Nucl Med Biol 2008; 35:263-72. [PMID: 18355681 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Revised: 10/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Targeted diagnosis of specific human cancer types continues to be of significant interest in nuclear medicine. 99mTc is ideally suited as a diagnostic radiometal for in vivo tumor targeting due to its ideal physical characteristics and diverse labeling chemistries in numerous oxidation states. METHODS In this study, we report a synthetic approach toward design of a new tridentate amine ligand for the organometallic aqua-ion [99mTc(H2O)3(CO)3]+. The new chelating ligand framework, 2-(N,N'-Bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)diethylenetriamine) acetic acid (DTMA), was synthesized from a diethylenetriamine precursor and fully characterized by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 13C). DTMA was conjugated to H2N-(X)-BBN(7-14)NH2, where X=an amino acid or aliphatic pharmacokinetic modifier and BBN=bombesin peptide, by means of solid phase peptide synthesis. DTMA-(X)-BBN(7-14)NH2 conjugates were purified by reversed-phase high-performance chromatography and characterized by electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry. RESULTS The new conjugates were radiolabeled with [99mTc(H2O)3(CO)3]+ produced via Isolink radiolabeling kits to produce [99mTc(CO)3-DTMA-(X)-BBN(7-14)NH2]. Radiolabeled conjugates were purified by reversed-phase high-performance chromatography. Effective receptor binding behavior was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS [99mTc(CO)3-DTMA-(X)-BBN(7-14)NH2] conjugates displayed very high affinity for the gastrin releasing peptide receptor in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, these conjugates hold some propensity to be investigated as molecular imaging agents that specifically target human cancers uniquely expressing the gastrin releasing peptide receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R Lane
- Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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18
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Banerjee SR, Foss CA, Castanares M, Mease RC, Byun Y, Fox JJ, Hilton J, Lupold SE, Kozikowski AP, Pomper MG. Synthesis and evaluation of technetium-99m- and rhenium-labeled inhibitors of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). J Med Chem 2008; 51:4504-17. [PMID: 18637669 DOI: 10.1021/jm800111u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is increasingly recognized as a viable target for imaging and therapy of cancer. We prepared seven (99m)Tc/Re-labeled compounds by attaching known Tc/Re chelating agents to an amino-functionalized PSMA inhibitor (lys-NHCONH-glu) with or without a variable length linker moiety. K i values ranged from 0.17 to 199 nM. Ex vivo biodistribution and in vivo imaging demonstrated the degree of specific binding to engineered PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumors. PC3-PIP cells are derived from PC3 that have been transduced with the gene for PSMA. Despite demonstrating nearly the lowest PSMA inhibitory potency of this series, [(99m)Tc(CO)3( L1)] (+) ( L1 = (2-pyridylmethyl)2N(CH2) 4CH(CO2H)NHCO-(CH2) 6CO-NH-lys-NHCONH-glu) showed the highest, most selective PIP tumor uptake, at 7.9 +/- 4.0% injected dose per gram of tissue at 30 min postinjection. Radioactivity cleared from nontarget tissues to produce a PIP to flu (PSMA-PC3) ratio of 44:1 at 120 min postinjection. PSMA can accommodate the steric requirements of (99m)Tc/Re complexes within PSMA inhibitors, the best results achieved with a linker moiety between the epsilon amine of the urea lysine and the chelator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta R Banerjee
- Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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19
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Gottschaldt M, Koth D, Müller D, Klette I, Rau S, Görls H, Schäfer B, Baum RP, Yano S. Synthesis and Structure of Novel Sugar-Substituted Bipyridine Complexes of Rhenium and 99m-Technetium. Chemistry 2007; 13:10273-80. [PMID: 17853516 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Novel ligands have been obtained from the reaction of 4,4'-dibromomethyl-2,2'-bipyridine with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosylthiol, 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosylthiol or 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-thioacetylmannopyranoside in which the sugar residues are thioglycosidically linked to the bipyridine in the 4,4'-position. Cleavage of the acetyl groups affords hydrophilic symmetric ligands with free hydroxyl groups. Reaction of the new glycoconjugated ligands (L) with [Re(CO)(5)Cl] yields fluorescent complexes of general formula [Re(L)(CO)(3)Cl], which were characterised by mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and (1)H and (13)C NMR, IR, UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. These complexes exhibit excellent solubility and stability in organic solvents or water, depending on the residues of the sugar. One complex, namely tricarbonyl-4,4'-bis[(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glycopyranosyl)thiomethyl]-2,2'-bipyridinerheniumtricarbonylo chloride, has been characterised by X-ray crystallography. A non-symmetric structure of the complexes could be assigned. Radiolabelling of the unprotected ligands with [(99m)Tc(H(2)O)(3)(CO)(3)](+) affords the corresponding water-soluble technetium complexes (in quantitative yields), which were characterised by their HPLC radiation traces. The formed complexes are stable for several hours in the presence of histidine but show partial ligand-exchange after one day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gottschaldt
- Institute for Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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20
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21
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Liu Y, Pak JK, Schmutz P, Bauwens M, Mertens J, Knight H, Alberto R. Amino Acids Labeled with [99mTc(CO)3]+and Recognized by thel-type Amino Acid Transporter LAT1. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:15996-7. [PMID: 17165727 DOI: 10.1021/ja066002m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized amino acids conjugated at the alpha-carbon through an alkyl spacer to a small tripod ligand. The tripod coordinates to the fac-[M(CO)3]+ moiety (M = Re, 99mTc). Depending on the lengths of the spacers, these metal complexes with pendent alpha-amino acids are recognized and transported by the l-type amino acid transporter LAT1. The best result was achieved with a butyl spacer. The Ki value of the corresponding complex is comparable to that of the artificial amino acid BCH. Efflux of [3H]-l-phenylalanine shows that the labeled amino acids do not only bind to the transporter but are transported into the cells. These are the first metal-labeled small molecules which are actively internalized to the intracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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22
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Ferreira CL, Bayly SR, Green DE, Storr T, Barta CA, Steele J, Adam MJ, Orvig C. Carbohydrate-Appended 3-Hydroxy-4-pyridinone Complexes of the [M(CO)3]+ Core (M = Re, 99mTc, 186Re). Bioconjug Chem 2006; 17:1321-9. [PMID: 16984143 DOI: 10.1021/bc060085e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the use of 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone ligands for binding the [M(CO)(3)](+) core (M = Re, Tc) in the context of preparing novel Tc(I) and Re(I) glucose conjugates. Five pyridinone ligands bearing pendent carbohydrate moieties, HL(1-5), were coordinated to the [M(CO)(3)](+) core on the macroscopic scale (M = Re) and on the tracer scale (M = (99m)Tc, (186)Re). On the macroscopic scale the complexes, ReL(1-5)(CO)(3)(H(2)O), were thoroughly characterized by mass spectrometry, IR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy. Characterization confirmed the bidentate coordination of the pyridinone and the pendent nature of the carbohydrate and suggests the presence of a water molecule in the sixth coordination site. In preliminary biological evaluation, both the ligands and complexes were assessed as potential substrates or inhibitors of hexokinase, but showed no activity. Labeling via the [(99m)Tc(CO)(3)(H(2)O)(3)](+) precursor gave the tracer species (99m)TcL(1-5)(CO)(3)(H(2)O) in high radiochemical yields. Similar high radiochemical yields when labeling with (186)Re were facilitated by in situ preparation of the [(186)Re(CO)(3)(H(2)O)(3)](+) species in the presence of HL(1-5) to give (186)ReL(1-5)(CO)(3)(H(2)O). Stability challenges, incubating (99m)TcL(1-5)(CO)(3)(H(2)O) in the presence of excess cysteine and histidine, confirmed complex stability up to 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Ferreira
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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