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Banerjee J, Batabyal S, Biswas S, Bhattacharyya D, Habib M, Das AK, Nanda PK, Samanta I, Dandapat P, Bandyopadhyay S. Stray Dogs (Mongrels) Are Potent Reservoir of Drug-Resistant Pathogens: A Study in Peri-Urban Areas of Kolkata, India. Microb Drug Resist 2024; 30:215-230. [PMID: 38656133 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study depicts the drug-resistance and phylogenomic characteristics of 365 Escherichia coli (EC) and 76 Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) isolated from stray dogs (293) in and around Kolkata, India. Initial screening found 59 isolates, including 48 E. coli and 11 KP multidrug resistant, which included 33 extended-spectrum β-lactamase, 41 AmpC β-lactamase and 18 metallo-β-lactamase producers carrying blaNDM-1 (11) and blaNDM-5 (7) genes. Majority of them had the resistant genes such as blaCTX-M (33), blaTEM (18), blaSHV (4), blaOXA (17), blaFOX (2), blaDHA (2), blaCITM (15), blaCMY-2 (13), blaGES (2) and blaVEB (2), qnrS (15), qnrB (3), aac-6'-Ib-cr (14), tetA (26), tetB (14), sul-1 (25), armA (2) and rmtB (6), in addition to adherence genes such as csgA (33), fimA (27), fliC (13), sdiA (33), rcsA (38), and rpoS (39). They also carried plasmid of diverse replicon types of which IncFIA and FIB were the most frequent. Phylogrouping categorized most of the MDR E. coli in phylogroup A (20), B1 (14), and B2 (6). Enterobacteriaceae repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) showed genetic diversity of multidrug resistant isolates irrespective of their origin, resistance, and virulence types, differentiating the EC in five clades (A-E) and KP in four clades (A-D). As these stray dogs, which had no history or scope of previous antimicrobial therapy, were found to have contracted potential antimicrobial resistance pathogens, the role of environment in spread of such pathogens and further possibility of human infections cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaydeep Banerjee
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhasis Batabyal
- West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Suman Biswas
- West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Md Habib
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, India
| | - Arun K Das
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, India
| | - Pramod K Nanda
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, India
| | - Indranil Samanta
- West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Premanshu Dandapat
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, India
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Bhadola P, Deo N. Exploring complexity of class-A Beta-lactamase family using physiochemical-based multiplex networks. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20626. [PMID: 37996629 PMCID: PMC10667273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48128-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Beta-lactamase protein family is vital in countering Beta-lactam antibiotics, a widely used antimicrobial. To enhance our understanding of this family, we adopted a novel approach employing a multiplex network representation of its multiple sequence alignment. Each network layer, derived from the physiochemical properties of amino acids, unveils distinct insights into the intricate interactions among nodes, thereby enabling the identification of key motifs. Nodes with identical property signs tend to aggregate, providing evidence of the presence of consequential functional and evolutionary constraints shaping the Beta-lactamase family. We further investigate the distribution of evolutionary links across various layers. We observe that polarity manifests the highest number of unique links at lower thresholds, followed by hydrophobicity and polarizability, wherein hydrophobicity exerts dominance at higher thresholds. Further, the combinations of polarizability and volume, exhibit multiple simultaneous connections at all thresholds. The combination of hydrophobicity, polarizability, and volume uncovers shared links exclusive to these layers, implying substantial evolutionary impacts that may have functional or structural implications. By assessing the multi-degree of nodes, we unveil the hierarchical influence of properties at each position, identifying crucial properties responsible for the protein's functionality and providing valuable insights into potential targets for modulating enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Bhadola
- Centre for Theoretical Physics & Natural Philosophy, Mahidol University, Nakhonsawan Campus, Phayuha Khiri, NakhonSawan, 60130, Thailand.
| | - Nivedita Deo
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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Zhang MS, Li W, Zhang WG, Li YT, Li JY, Gao Y. Agricultural land-use change exacerbates the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes via surface runoffs in Lake Tai Basin, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112328. [PMID: 34015636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural runoff is an important antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) dissemination pathway from farmlands to water environment, however few studies have focused on the influence of agricultural land-use change on the pattern of ARGs in runoff and assess the health risk to public. Lake Tai Basin which experiences agricultural land-use change was selected to elucidate this concern. Our findings revealed that the pattern of ARGs was more diverse and the gene abundance was higher in orchard runoffs by comparison with conventional cropland runoffs. Co-occurrence network analysis between mobile genetic elements and ARGs demonstrated that after agricultural land-use change, ARG dissemination via runoffs became more threatened. In addition, this study illustrated the correlations between the antibiotic resistome and microbiome in runoffs, finding that non-dominant microbial taxa were the limiting factor which determined the pattern of ARGs in surface runoffs. In summary, the pattern and dissemination risk of ARGs in the surface runoff after agricultural land-use change in Lake Tai Basin were clarified via this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Sha Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wen Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Yun-Tao Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jiang-Ye Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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Pal A, Bhattacharyya I, Tripathi A. Structure-based functional fitness analyses of carbapenemase variants identified among pathogenic carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:129. [PMID: 32712930 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbapenemase-mediated carbapenem resistance is a major public health concerns worldwide. In the present study, prevalence of circulating carbapenemases was estimated among carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates using PCR and sequencing. Diameters of zone of inhibition (ZDs) were compared for imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem among single carbapenemase producing isolates. Structure-based functional fitness of those carbapenemases was predicted through several in silico analyses. Approximately, 63.76% isolates demonstrated carbapenem resistance, of which 39.13% harboured carbapenemases like blaNDM-1 (33.23%), blaNDM-1-like (0.31%), blaVIM-2 (4.35%), blaKPC-2 (4.04%), blaOXA-181 (6.85%), blaOXA-23 (16.50%), blaOXA-69 (3.88%), blaOXA-66 (2.91%) and blaOXA-104 (1.94%). Omega values indicated selection pressure over blaOXA-69, blaOXA-66 and blaOXA-104. Protein structural dynamics predicted NDM-1 and KPC-2 to have the highest and least flexibility, indicating differences in β-lactam binding and catalytic efficiency. Increased requirement of free folding energy, improved solvent accessibility and decreased melting temperatures among NDM-1-like, OXA-181, OXA-66, OXA-69 and OXA-104 predicted functional improvement over their ancestral variants. NDM-1-like carbapenemases demonstrated improvement in binding stability, affinity and catalysis of meropenem than that of NDM-1. Catalytic activity of imipenem was predicted to improve among OXA-181, which could be correlated with more than 1.5 folds smaller ZDs around imipenem disc, than that of meropenem/ertapenem, among OXA-181 producing isolates. However, OXA-66 indicated greater binding stability and affinity for imipenem and meropenem. This study indicated structural/functional convergence as well as divergence among several carbapenemase variants and provided useful insights into carbapenemase-mediated carbapenem resistance that might help in identifying appropriate treatment regimen for bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Pal
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, 108, C.R. Avenue, Kolkata, 700 073, India
| | - Indrani Bhattacharyya
- Department of Microbiology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, 108, C.R. Avenue, Kolkata, 700 073, India.,Department of Microbiology, Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital, 32, Gorachand Road, Kolkata, 700014, India
| | - Anusri Tripathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, 108, C.R. Avenue, Kolkata, 700 073, India.
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Dhara L, Tripathi A. The use of eugenol in combination with cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin to combat ESBL-producing quinolone-resistant pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:1566-1576. [PMID: 32502298 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing with quinolone-resistant (QR) pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae augmented the need to establish therapeutic options against them. Present study aimed towards determination of synergistic combination of eugenol (EG) with cefotaxime (CTX) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) to combat against this resistance and potentiation of antibacterial drugs by EG against these bacteria. METHODS AND RESULTS Synergistic interaction between EG and CTX/CIP (FICI: 0·08-0·5) were observed among ESBL-QR bacteria using checkerboard assay. Approximately, 2- to 1024-fold minimum inhibitory concentration value reduction and 17- to 165 030-fold dose reduction index strongly suggested synergistic interaction between EG and antibiotics. Cell viability assay showed reduction in log10 CFU per ml from 16·6 to 3·1 at synergistic concentration. Scanning electron microscopy further proved disruptive effect of EG on cell architecture. Eugenol and/or its combination also altered genes' expressions that imparted antibiotic resistance by ~1·6 to ~1226 folds. CONCLUSIONS Reduced doses of antibiotics, bacterial morphological alterations, efflux pump down regulation, porin over expression and beta-lactamase gene inhibition of ESBL-QR bacteria by EG alone or in combination with CTX/CIP might have reversed antibiotic resistance profile of ESBL-QR bacteria. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provided a molecular insight into action of EG and/with CTX and CIP, which might have potentiated antibiotic's activity against ESBL-QR bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dhara
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - A Tripathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
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Pal A, Dhara L, Tripathi A. Contribution of acrB upregulation & OmpC/Ompk36 loss over the presence of blaNDM towards carbapenem resistance development among pathogenic Escherichia coli & Klebsiella spp. Indian J Med Res 2020; 149:528-538. [PMID: 31411177 PMCID: PMC6676854 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_716_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: The global spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is an emerging clinical problem. Hence, in this study, the plausible role of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)/carbapenemases, OmpC/Ompk36, acrB and their combinations was explored among CRE. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of meropenem, enzyme-phenotypes (ESBLs/IR and metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)/non-MBL carbapenemase), genotypes (blaTEM,blaSHV and blaCTX-M; blaNDM and blaVIM;blaKPC and blaOXA-48-like variants), acrB and outer membrane protein (OMP) expressions were analyzed with a total of 101 non-duplicate clinical isolates, obtained from various samples of patients visiting two tertiary care units of Eastern India during May 2013 - October 2016. This included Escherichia coli (n=36) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=65), categorized into two groups, namely Group I (resistant to all carbapenems; n=93; E. coli=34 and Klebsiella spp.=59) and Group II (non-resistant to all the carbapenems; n=8; E. coli=2 and Klebsiella spp.=6). Results: Though 88.17 per cent of Group I isolates exhibited ESBL property, the presence of carbapenemase activity (70.96%) and that of blaNDM gene (42/66: 63.63%) indicated their contributions towards the emergence of CRE. Further, porin loss and/or efflux pump activation among ESBL/carbapenemase-producing isolates heightened the MIC of meropenem from 64 to 256 mg/l (range exhibited by only ESBL/carbapenemase-producing isolates) to >256 mg/l. Interpretation & conclusions: These findings implied the major contribution of porin loss and/or efflux pump activation over the presence of ESBLs/carbapenemases in imparting carbapenem resistance in pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Pal
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Lena Dhara
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Anusri Tripathi
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
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Chang F, Shen S, Shi P, Zhang H, Ye L, Zhou Q, Pan Y, Li A. Antimicrobial resins with quaternary ammonium salts as a supplement to combat the antibiotic resistome in drinking water treatment plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:132-140. [PMID: 30639809 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The increasing finding of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in drinking water has become one of the most challenging global health threats worldwide. However, conventional disinfection strategies in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) require further optimization in combating the antibiotic resistome. Here, we show that antimicrobial resins with quaternary ammonium salts (AMRs-QAS) exhibit great potentials in diminishing specific potential pathogens that relatively resist chlorine or UV disinfection in DWTPs, and comprehensive analyses using microscopy and fluorescence techniques revealed that the antimicrobial capacity of AMRs-QAS mainly proceed via the bacterial adsorption and cell membrane dissociation. Moreover, a total of 15 among 30 selected ARGs, as well as 4 selected potential pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were all detected in the source water. Coupling the AMRs-QAS with 0.2 mg/L chlorine resulted in higher removal efficiencies than chlorination (2 mg/L) or UV disinfection (400 mJ cm-2) for all the detected pathogens and ARGs in drinking water and significantly decreased the relative abundances of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, as well as all the detected ARGs (p < 0.05). Co-occurrences of pathogens and ARGs were revealed by a correlation network and possibly accounts for the ARGs removal. This coupled disinfection strategy overcomes the limitations of individual disinfection methods, i.e. the enrichment of specific pathogens and ARGs among bacterial populations, and provides an alternative for minimizing health risks induced by the antibiotic resistome in DWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shanqi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Huaicheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Wang Y, Zhang R, Liu W. Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in ventilator-associated pneumonia at a local hospital of North-eastern China. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:2249-2255. [PMID: 30519063 PMCID: PMC6239098 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s172598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and epidemiological characteristics of extended-spectrum β lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria. Patients and methods Lower respiratory tract secretions from 156 patients with mechanical ventilation were collected using a protective specimen brush (PSB), with quantitative bacterial culture carried out and antibiotic sensitivity measured. ESBLs produced by Gram-negative bacilli were detected using the double disk diffusion method and monitored by plasmid profiles. Results Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 78.9% of VAP pathogens, with Acinetobacter baumannii (25%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.7%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.5%) as the most common strains. There were 12 Gram-positive strains detected (15.8%); mostly methicillin-resistant. Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. There were also four strains of Candida albicans detected (5.26%). Most Gram-negative bacilli are sensitive to imipenem, but A. baumannii is serious resistant. ESBLs were detected in nine strains of Gram-negative bacilli; mainly produced by K. pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, to different degrees of multidrug resistance. Five strains of K. pneumoniae-producing ESBLs were from the same clonal origin, as confirmed by plasmid restriction endonuclease analysis. Conclusion VAP was mainly caused by Gram-negative bacteria, with high antibiotic resistance rates. Plasmids played an important role in the spread of antibiotic resistance among bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Emergency, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110004, People's Republic of China,
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Pal A, Tripathi A. Toxicological and behavioral study of two potential antibacterial agents:4-chloromercuribenzoic acid and quercetin on Swiss-albino mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 43:645-655. [PMID: 30394115 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1517774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Pal
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Anusri Tripathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
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Siddaramappa S, Pullela K, Thimmappa B, Devkota R, Bajaj R, Manivannan B, Mahalingam N, Pradeep BE. Characterization of bla CTX-M sequences of Indian origin and thirteen uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates resistant to multiple antibiotics. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:630. [PMID: 30170618 PMCID: PMC6119312 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives ESBL-producing isolates of the Enterobacteriaceae occur throughout the world. The objectives of this study were to characterize uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated at a tertiary care hospital in southern India, and shed light on blaCTX-M sequences of Indian origin. Results A cohort of 13 urinary isolates of E. coli (obtained from patients at the Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Prasanthigram, Andhra Pradesh, India) were characterized and found to be resistant to multiple antibiotics, including extended-spectrum cephalosporins. All 13 isolates contained blaCTX-M-15, and many of them transferred this genotype to at least one laboratory strain of E. coli after conjugation. Analyses of blaCTX-M-15 sequences (n = 141) of Indian origin showed that > 85% of them were obtained from bacteria not associated with the urinary tract, and that E. coli isolates account for majority of all blaCTX-M-15-carrying bacteria reported from India. Other types of blaCTX-M appear to be rare in India, since only six such sequences were reported as of July 2015. The results indicate that ‘selection pressure’ exerted by extended-spectrum cephalosporins may have stabilized the blaCTX-M-15 genotype among E. coli in India. The rarity of other blaCTX-M suggests that they lack the survival advantage that blaCTX-M-15 may have. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3735-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivakumara Siddaramappa
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Karthik Pullela
- Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Vidyagiri, Prasanthi Nilayam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Bhagya Thimmappa
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ranjan Devkota
- Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Vidyagiri, Prasanthi Nilayam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rani Bajaj
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhavani Manivannan
- Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Vidyagiri, Prasanthi Nilayam, Andhra Pradesh, India.,Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Prasanthigram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Niranjana Mahalingam
- Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Vidyagiri, Prasanthi Nilayam, Andhra Pradesh, India.,Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Prasanthigram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Detection of ESBL genes from ciprofloxacin resistant Gram negative bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.flm.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Zhai Y, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Chen Y, Wang Q, Lv Y, Yang J, Zhao T, Guo Y, Gao Z. Relative Strengths and Regulation of Different Promoter-Associated Sequences for Various blaSHV Genes and Their Relationships to β-Lactam Resistance. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 27:91-101. [PMID: 28329737 DOI: 10.1159/000458708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This work investigated the relative strengths of different blaSHV promoter-associated sequences and their regulation function in blaSHV expression and β-lactam resistance. METHODS Recombinant plasmids with the promoter-associated sequences (P-W, P-S, P-IS, and P-WPD), tac promoter, and combined fragments of promoter and blaSHV were separately constructed and transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α. The relative strengths of the promoters indicated by the intensities of green fluorescent protein and the mRNA expression levels of blaSHV were compared. The minimum inhibitory concentration and extended spectrum β-lactamase phenotypes were evaluated. RESULTS The relative strengths were ranked as P-tac > P-WPD > P-IS > P-S > P-W. The mRNA expression and β-lactam resistance levels of the different promoter-associated sequence groups were generally consistent with the strength rank, but the extent of gfp and blaSHV mRNA levels varied significantly in each group. The β-lactam resistance levels were inconsistent with the strength rank in certain blaSHV groups. In relation to the different promoter-associated sequences, blaSHV-ESBLs displayed significantly different change modes of β-lactam resistance compared with blaSHV-non-ESBLs. CONCLUSION The mRNA expression and β-lactam resistance of the blaSHV showed consistencies and inconsistencies with the strengths of the promoter-associated sequences. The mechanisms accounting for these discrepancies need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Koovapra S, Bandyopadhyay S, Das G, Bhattacharyya D, Banerjee J, Mahanti A, Samanta I, Nanda PK, Kumar A, Mukherjee R, Dimri U, Singh RK. Molecular signature of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from bovine milk in eastern and north-eastern India. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 44:395-402. [PMID: 27473782 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports on 23 extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), isolated from milk samples (n=340) of healthy cows (n=129) and cows with subclinical (n=159) and clinical (n=52) mastitis, from three different states of India viz. West Bengal, Jharkhand and Mizoram. Seven of them were AmpC type β-lactamase producers, as well. The ESBL producing KP were significantly (P=0.006, χ2=10.04, df=2) and more frequently detected in milk samples of mastitic cows than healthy ones. The β-lactamase genes - blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaSHV were detected in 19, 8 and 3 isolates, respectively. In all but one CTX-M positive isolates, the genetic platform - ISEcp1-blaCTX-M-orf477 was detected. Ten of the isolates carried plasmid mediated quinolone resistance gene - qnrS and 1 isolate possessed qnrB. Again 11 of them were found to have sulfonamide resistance gene - sul1 and 12 possessed class I integron. Sequencing of the class 1 integron revealed the presence of dfrA12/dfrA17 and aadA2/aadA5 gene cassettes conferring resistance to trimethoprim and aminoglycosides, respectively. All the isolates, characterized by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) PCR, yielded distinct fingerprinting profile. However, most of the isolates from Jharkhand were clustered along with two isolates each from West Bengal and Mizoram indicating their clonal relatedness even though isolated from geographically different areas. Isolation of ESBL producing KP from bovine milk samples implies its public health significance; as such pathogens may enter the human food chain causing severe health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koovapra
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - S Bandyopadhyay
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India.
| | - G Das
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - D Bhattacharyya
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - J Banerjee
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - A Mahanti
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - I Samanta
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - P K Nanda
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - A Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - R Mukherjee
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - U Dimri
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
| | - R K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700 037, India
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Singhal N, Srivastava A, Kumar M, Virdi JS. Structural Variabilities in β-Lactamase (blaA) of Different Biovars of Yersinia enterocolitica: Implications for β-Lactam Antibiotic and β-Lactamase Inhibitor Susceptibilities. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123564. [PMID: 25919756 PMCID: PMC4414059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Yersiniosis caused by Yersinia enterocolitica has been reported from all continents. The bacterial species is divided into more than fifty serovars and six biovars viz. 1A, 1B, 2, 3, 4 and 5 which differ in geographical distribution, ecological niches and pathogenicity. Most Y.enterocolitica strains harbor chromosomal genes for two β-lactamases, blaA an Ambler class A penicillinase and blaB an Ambler class C inducible cephalosporinase. In the present study, susceptibility to b-lactam antibiotics and β-lactamase inhibitor was studied for Y. enterocolitica strains of biovars 1A, 1B, 2 and 4. We observed that β-lactamases were expressed differentially among strains of different biovars. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying such differential expression, the sequences of genes and promoters of blaA were compared. Also, the variants of blaA present in different biovars were modeled and docked with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. The mRNA secondary structures of blaA variants were also predicted in-silico. Our findings indicated that neither variations in the promoter regions, nor the secondary structures of mRNA contributed to higher/lower expression of blaA in different biovars. Analysis of H-bonding residues of blaA variants with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid revealed that if amino acid residues of a β-lactamase interacting with amoxicillin and the clavulanic acid were similar, clavulanic acid was effective in engaging the enzyme, accounting for a significant reduction in MIC of amoxicillin-clavulanate. This finding might aid in designing better β-lactamase inhibitors with improved efficiencies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelja Singhal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito
Juarez Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhishikha Srivastava
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez
Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez
Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Jugsharan Singh Virdi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito
Juarez Road, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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15
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Matsumura Y, Johnson JR, Yamamoto M, Nagao M, Tanaka M, Takakura S, Ichiyama S. CTX-M-27- and CTX-M-14-producing, ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli of the H30 subclonal group within ST131 drive a Japanese regional ESBL epidemic. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:1639-49. [PMID: 25687644 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The global increase in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli is associated with the ST131 clonal group, especially its CTX-M-15-producing H30Rx subset. To understand the rapid spread of ESBL-producing E. coli in Japan, we investigated the molecular epidemiology and ESBL-associated genetic environments of Japanese ST131 isolates. METHODS Between 2001 and 2012, 1079 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were collected at 10 Japanese acute-care hospitals. ESBL types, ST131 status, fimH allele, H30Rx-defining sequences and ESBL-associated genetic environments were defined using PCR and sequencing. Subclonal groups were defined based on fimH allele and H30Rx status. RESULTS Overall, 461 (43%) of the 1079 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates represented ST131. According to fimH-based subclonal typing, the ST131 isolates included 398 fimH allele 30 (H30) isolates, 49 H41 isolates, 10 H22 isolates and 4 other fimH-type isolates. The 398 H30 isolates included 396 ciprofloxacin-resistant H30R isolates, of which 64 (16%) represented the H30Rx subset. Between 2001 and 2007, the CTX-M-14-producing H30R subgroup predominated, accounting for 46% of ST131 isolates, whereas the CTX-M-27-producing H30R and CTX-M-15-producing H30Rx subgroups were rarely detected. In contrast, from 2008 onward the latter two subgroups rose to dominance, accounting for 45% and 24% of ST131 isolates, respectively, versus only 15% for the (formerly dominant) CTX-M-14-producing H30R subgroup. The emergent CTX-M-27-H30R subgroup frequently had an IS26-ΔISEcp1-blaCTX-M-27-ΔIS903D-IS26-like structure, whereas the older CTX-M-14-H30R subgroup frequently had an ISEcp1-blaCTX-M-14-IS903D-like structure. CONCLUSIONS This Japanese regional ESBL-producing E. coli epidemic is closely associated with newly identified CTX-M-27- and CTX-M-14-producing ST131 H30R subclonal groups and with mobile elements IS26, ISEcp1 and IS903D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Matsumura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - James R Johnson
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Masaki Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miki Nagao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michio Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunji Takakura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ichiyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Increased levels of antibiotic resistance in urban stream of Jiulongjiang River, China. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:5697-707. [PMID: 25661810 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6416-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The rapid global urbanization and other extensive anthropogenic activities exacerbated the worldwide human health risks induced by antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Knowledge of the origins and dissemination of ARGs is essential for understanding modern resistome, while little information is known regarding the overall resistance levels in urban river. In this study, the abundance of multi-resistant bacteria (MRB) and ARGs was investigated using culture-based method and high-throughput qPCR in water samples collected from urban stream and source of Jiulongjiang River, China, respectively. The abundance of MRB (conferring resistance to three combinations of antibiotics and vancomycin) was significantly higher in urban samples. A total of 212 ARGs were detected among all the water samples, which encoded resistance to almost all major classes of antibiotics and encompassed major resistant mechanisms. The total abundance of ARGs in urban samples (ranging from 9.72 × 10(10) to 1.03 × 10(11) copies L(-1)) was over two orders of magnitude higher than that in pristine samples (7.18 × 10(8) copies L(-1)), accompanied with distinct ARGs structures, significantly higher diversity, and enrichment of ARGs. Significant correlations between the abundance of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were observed, implicating the potential of horizontal transfer of ARGs. High abundance and enrichment of diverse ARGs and MGEs detected in urban river provide evidence that anthropogenic activities are responsible for the emergence and dissemination of ARGs to the urban river and management options should be taken into account for minimizing the spread of ARGs.
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