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Gao Y, Deng Y, Geng W, Xiao S, Wang T, Xu X, Adeli M, Cheng L, Qiu L, Cheng C. Infectious and Inflammatory Microenvironment Self-Adaptive Artificial Peroxisomes with Synergetic Co-Ru Pair Centers for Programmed Diabetic Ulcer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2408787. [PMID: 39096078 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Complex microenvironments with bacterial infection, persistent inflammation, and impaired angiogenesis are the major challenges in chronic refractory diabetic ulcers. To address this challenge, a comprehensive strategy with highly effective and integrated antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and accelerated angiogenesis will offer a new pathway to the rapid healing of infected diabetic ulcers. Here, inspired by the tunable reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation properties of natural peroxisomes, this work reports the design of infectious and inflammatory microenvironments self-adaptive artificial peroxisomes with synergetic Co-Ru pair centers (APCR) for programmed diabetic ulcer therapy. Benefiting from the synergistic Co and Ru atoms, the APCR can simultaneously achieve ROS production and metabolic inhibition for bacterial sterilization in the infectious microenvironment. After disinfection, the APCR can also eliminate ROS to alleviate oxidative stress in the inflammatory microenvironment and promote wound regeneration. The data demonstrate that the APCR combines highly effective antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and provascular regeneration capabilities, making it an efficient and safe nanomedicine for treating infectious and inflammatory diabetic foot ulcers via a programmed microenvironment self-adaptive treatment pathway. This work expects that synthesizing artificial peroxisomes with microenvironments self-adaptive and bifunctional enzyme-like ROS regulation properties will provide a promising path to construct ROS catalytic materials for treating complex diabetic ulcers, trauma, or other infection-caused diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuting Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Geng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sutong Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, 6815144316, Iran
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Li Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Med-X Center for Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Department of Endodontics, Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Suzuki Y, Kawada-Matsuo M, Le MNT, Eng S, Hisatsune J, Sugai M, Sakaguchi T, Komatsuzawa H. The two-component regulatory systems GraRS and SrrAB mediate Staphylococcus aureus susceptibility to Pep5 produced by clinical isolate of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0030024. [PMID: 38832774 PMCID: PMC11267926 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00300-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium on the skin and in the nose that sometimes causes severe illness. Bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides, or proteins produced by bacteria are candidates for the treatment of S. aureus infection. In this study, we found that a clinical Staphylococcus epidermidis strain, KSE112, produced the lantibiotic Pep5, which showed anti-S. aureus activity. The complete nucleotide sequence of the Pep5-encoding plasmid was determined. Several S. aureus two-component regulatory systems (TCSs) are known to be involved in bacteriocin susceptibility. Therefore, susceptibility tests were performed using TCS-inactivated S. aureus mutants to determine which TCS is responsible for Pep5 susceptibility; the ΔgraRS mutant exhibited increased susceptibility to Pep5, while the ΔsrrAB mutant exhibited decreased susceptibility. GraRS is known to regulate dltABCD and mprF in concert with vraFG, and Pep5 susceptibility was significantly increased in the ΔdltABCD, ΔmprF, and ΔvraFG mutants. Regarding the ΔsrrAB mutant, cross-resistance to aminoglycosides was observed. As aminoglycoside activity is known to be affected by aerobic respiration, we focused on qoxABCD and cydAB, which are quinol oxidase genes that are necessary for aerobic respiration and have downregulated the expression in the ΔsrrAB mutant. We constructed ΔqoxABCD and ΔcydAB mutants and found that qoxABCD inactivation decreased susceptibility to Pep5 and aminoglycosides. These results indicate that reduced aerobic respiration due to the reduced qoxABCD expression in the ΔsrrAB mutant decreased Pep5 activity.IMPORTANCEThe emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, including MRSA, is a severe health problem worldwide. Thus, the development of novel antimicrobial agents, including bacteriocins, is needed. In this report, we found a Pep5-producing strain with anti-S. aureus activity. We determined the complete sequence of the Pep5-encoding plasmid for the first time. However, in S. aureus, GraRS and its effectors conferred decreased susceptibility to Pep5. We also revealed that another TCS, SrrAB, affects susceptibility Pep5 and other lantibiotics by controlling aerobic respiration. In our study, we investigated the efficacy of Pep5 against S. aureus and other Gram-positive bacteria and revealed that respiratory constancy regulated by TCS is required for the antimicrobial activity of nisin, nukacin, and Pep5. These findings provide important information for the clinical application of bacteriocins and suggest that they have different properties among similar pore-forming lantibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Suzuki
- Department of Bacteriology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Virology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashi Murayama, Japan
| | - Miki Kawada-Matsuo
- Department of Bacteriology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- Project Research Centre for Nosocomial Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mi Nguyen-Tra Le
- Department of Bacteriology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- Project Research Centre for Nosocomial Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sopongselamuny Eng
- Department of Bacteriology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junzo Hisatsune
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashi Murayama, Japan
- Project Research Centre for Nosocomial Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Sugai
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashi Murayama, Japan
- Project Research Centre for Nosocomial Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takemasa Sakaguchi
- Department of Virology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Komatsuzawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- Project Research Centre for Nosocomial Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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3
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He X, Xv S, Liu R, Duan M, Fan W, Fan B. Triton X-100 counteracts antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro study. J Dent 2024; 146:105046. [PMID: 38729285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a threat to the global public health. The appropriate use of adjuvants to restore the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics against resistant bacteria could be an effective strategy for combating antibiotic resistance. In this study, we investigated the counteraction of Triton X-100 (TX-100) and the mechanisms underlying the antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). METHODS Standard, wild-type (WT), and induced antibiotic-resistant E. faecalis strains were used in this study. In vitro antibacterial experiments were conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of gentamicin sulfate and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in the presence and absence of 0.02 % TX-100 against both planktonic and biofilm bacteria. Transcriptomic and untargeted metabolomic analyses were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms of TX-100 as an antibiotic adjuvant. Additionally, membrane permeability, membrane potential, glycolysis-related enzyme activity, intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and expression levels of virulence genes were assessed. The biocompatibility of different drug combinations was also evaluated. RESULTS A substantially low TX-100 concentration improved the antimicrobial effects of gentamicin sulfate or ciprofloxacin hydrochloride against antibiotic-resistant E. faecalis. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that TX-100 increased cell membrane permeability and dissipated membrane potential. Moreover, antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity of E. faecalis were attenuated by TX-100 via downregulation of the ABC transporter, phosphotransferase system (PTS), and ATP supply. CONCLUSIONS TX-100 enhanced the antimicrobial activity of gentamicin sulfate and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride at a low concentration by improving antibiotic susceptibility and attenuating antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity of E. faecalis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE These findings provide a theoretical basis for developing new root canal disinfectants that can reduce antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinling He
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shujie Xv
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Runze Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengting Duan
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Bing Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Conceição S, Queiroga MC, Laranjo M. Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Meat and Meat Products: A One Health Perspective. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2581. [PMID: 37894239 PMCID: PMC10609446 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations, one of the sustainable development goals is to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. The need to ensure food safety includes, other than microbiological hazards, concerns with antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. The emergence of resistant bacteria in the food industry is essentially due to the abusive, and sometimes incorrect, administration of antimicrobials. Although not allowed in Europe, antimicrobials are often administered to promote animal growth. Each time antimicrobials are used, a selective pressure is applied to AMR bacteria. Moreover, AMR genes can be transmitted to humans through the consumption of meat-harbouring-resistant bacteria, which highlights the One Health dimension of antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, the appropriate use of antimicrobials to ensure efficacy and the best possible outcome for the treatment of infections is regulated through the recommendations of antimicrobial stewardship. The present manuscript aims to give the current state of the art about the transmission of AMR bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., along with other ESKAPE bacteria, from animals to humans through the consumption of meat and meat products, with emphasis on pork meat and pork meat products, which are considered the most consumed worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Conceição
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal; (S.C.); (M.C.Q.)
| | - Maria Cristina Queiroga
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal; (S.C.); (M.C.Q.)
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Marta Laranjo
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal; (S.C.); (M.C.Q.)
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
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5
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Wollesen M, Mikkelsen K, Tvilum MS, Vestergaard M, Wang M, Meyer RL, Ingmer H, Poulsen TB, Tørring T. Polyether Ionophore Antibiotics Target Drug-Resistant Clinical Isolates, Persister Cells, and Biofilms. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0062523. [PMID: 37289074 PMCID: PMC10433871 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00625-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyether ionophores are complex natural products known to transport various cations across biological membranes. While several members of this family are used in agriculture (e.g., as anti-coccidiostats) and have potent antibacterial activity, they are not currently being pursued as antibiotics for human use. Polyether ionophores are typically grouped as having similar functions, despite the fact that they significantly differ in structure; for this reason, how their structure and activity are related remains unclear. To determine whether certain members of the family constitute particularly interesting springboards for in-depth investigations and future synthetic optimization, we conducted a systematic comparative study of eight different polyether ionophores for their potential as antibiotics. This includes clinical isolates from bloodstream infections and studies of the compounds' effects on bacterial biofilms and persister cells. We uncover distinct differences within the compound class and identify the compounds lasalocid, calcimycin, and nanchangmycin as having particularly interesting activity profiles for further development. IMPORTANCE Polyether ionophores are complex natural products used in agriculture as anti-coccidiostats in poultry and as growth promoters in cattle, although their precise mechanism is not understood. They are widely regarded as antimicrobials against Gram-positive bacteria and protozoa, but fear of toxicity has so far prevented their use in humans. We show that ionophores generally have very different effects on Staphylococcus aureus, both in standard assays and in more complex systems such as bacterial biofilms and persister cell populations. This will allow us to focus on the most interesting compounds for future in-depth investigations and synthetic optimizations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kasper Mikkelsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Marie Selch Tvilum
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Vestergaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mikala Wang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rikke L. Meyer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hanne Ingmer
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas Tørring
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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6
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de Oliveira Silva JV, Meneguello JE, Formagio MD, de Freitas CF, Hioka N, Pilau EJ, Marchiosi R, Machinski Junior M, de Abreu Filho BA, Zanetti Campanerut-Sá PA, Graton Mikcha JM. Proteomic Investigation over the Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Rose Bengal Against Staphylococcus aureus. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 99:957-966. [PMID: 36054748 DOI: 10.1111/php.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order, to understand the antimicrobial action of photodynamic therapy and how this technique can contribute to its application in the control of pathogens. The objective of the study was to employ a proteomic approach to investigate the protein profile of S. aureus after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy mediated by rose bengal (RB-aPDT). S. aureus was treated with RB (10 nmol/l) and illuminated with green LED (0.17 J/cm2 ) for cell viability evaluation. Afterward, proteomic analysis was employed for protein identification and bioinformatic tools to classify the differentially expressed proteins. The reduction of S. aureus after photoinactivation was ~2.5 log CFU/ml. A total of 12 proteins (four up-regulated and eight down-regulated), correspond exclusively to alteration by RB-aPDT. Functionally these proteins are distributed in protein binding, structural constituent of ribosome, proton transmembrane transporter activity, and ATPase activity. The effects of photodamage include alterations of levels of several proteins resulting in an activated stress response, altered membrane potential, and effects on energy metabolism. These 12 proteins required the presence of both light and RB suggesting a unique response to photodynamic effects. The information about this technique contributes valuable insights into bacterial mechanisms and the mode of action of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Eduardo Meneguello
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maíra Dante Formagio
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Camila Fabiano de Freitas
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.,Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Rogério Marchiosi
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Hübner I, Shapiro JA, Hoßmann J, Drechsel J, Hacker SM, Rather PN, Pieper DH, Wuest WM, Sieber SA. Broad Spectrum Antibiotic Xanthocillin X Effectively Kills Acinetobacter baumannii via Dysregulation of Heme Biosynthesis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:488-498. [PMID: 33791430 PMCID: PMC8006170 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Isonitrile natural products exhibit promising antibacterial activities. However, their mechanism of action (MoA) remains largely unknown. Based on the nanomolar potency of xanthocillin X (Xan) against diverse difficult-to-treat Gram-negative bacteria, including the critical priority pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii, we performed in-depth studies to decipher its MoA. While neither metal binding nor cellular protein targets were detected as relevant for Xan's antibiotic effects, sequencing of resistant strains revealed a conserved mutation in the heme biosynthesis enzyme porphobilinogen synthase (PbgS). This mutation caused impaired enzymatic efficiency indicative of reduced heme production. This discovery led to the validation of an untapped mechanism, by which direct heme sequestration of Xan prevents its binding into cognate enzyme pockets resulting in uncontrolled cofactor biosynthesis, accumulation of porphyrins, and corresponding stress with deleterious effects for bacterial viability. Thus, Xan represents a promising antibiotic displaying activity even against multidrug resistant strains, while exhibiting low toxicity to human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Hübner
- Center
for Functional Protein Assemblies at the Department of Chemistry and
Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technische
Universität München, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Justin A. Shapiro
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jörn Hoßmann
- Microbial
Interactions and Processes Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Jonas Drechsel
- Center
for Functional Protein Assemblies at the Department of Chemistry and
Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technische
Universität München, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Stephan M. Hacker
- Department
of Chemistry, Technische Universität
München, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Philip N. Rather
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Research
Service, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia 30033, United States
| | - Dietmar H. Pieper
- Microbial
Interactions and Processes Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - William M. Wuest
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Stephan A. Sieber
- Center
for Functional Protein Assemblies at the Department of Chemistry and
Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technische
Universität München, Garching D-85748, Germany
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Liu L, Ingmer H, Vestergaard M. Genome-Wide Identification of Resveratrol Intrinsic Resistance Determinants in Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10010082. [PMID: 33467002 PMCID: PMC7829806 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol has been extensively studied due to its potential health benefits in multiple diseases, for example, cancer, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Besides these properties, resveratrol displays inhibitory activity against a wide range of bacterial species; however, the cellular effects of resveratrol in bacteria remain incompletely understood, especially in the human pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, we aimed to identify intrinsic resistance genes that aid S. aureus in tolerating the activity of resveratrol. We screened the Nebraska Transposon Mutant Library, consisting of 1920 mutants with inactivation of non-essential genes in S. aureus JE2, for increased susceptibly to resveratrol. On agar plates containing 0.5× the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), 17 transposon mutants failed to grow. Of these, four mutants showed a two-fold reduction in MIC, being the clpP protease mutant and three mutants with deficiencies in the electron transport chain (menD, hemB, aroC). The remaining 13 mutants did not show a reduction in MIC, but were confirmed by spot-assays to have increased susceptibility to resveratrol. Several genes were associated with DNA damage repair (recJ, xerC and xseA). Treatment of S. aureus JE2 with sub-inhibitory concentrations of resveratrol did not affect the expression of recJ, xerC and xseA, but increased expression of the SOS-stress response genes lexA and recA, suggesting that resveratrol interferes with DNA integrity in S. aureus. Expression of error-prone DNA polymerases are part of the SOS-stress response and we could show that sub-inhibitory concentrations of resveratrol increased overall mutation frequency as measured by formation of rifampicin resistant mutants. Our data show that DNA repair systems are important determinants aiding S. aureus to overcome the inhibitory activity of resveratrol. Activation of the SOS response by resveratrol could potentially facilitate the development of resistance towards conventional antibiotics in S. aureus.
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9
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Lin WY, Liaw SJ. Deacidification by FhlA-dependent hydrogenase is involved in urease activity and urinary stone formation in uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19546. [PMID: 33177598 PMCID: PMC7658346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76561-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis is an important uropathogen, featured with urinary stone formation. Formate hydrogenlyase (FHL), consisting of formate dehydrogenase H and hydrogenase for converting proton to hydrogen, has been implicated in virulence. In this study, we investigated the role of P. mirabilis FHL hydrogenase and the FHL activator, FhlA. fhlA and hyfG (encoding hydrogenase large subunit) displayed a defect in acid resistance. fhlA and hyfG mutants displayed a delay in medium deacidification compared to wild-type and ureC mutant failed to deacidify the medium. In addition, loss of fhlA or hyfG decreased urease activity in the pH range of 5-8. The reduction of urease activities in fhlA and hyfG mutants subsided gradually over the pH range and disappeared at pH 9. Furthermore, mutation of fhlA or hyfG resulted in a decrease in urinary stone formation in synthetic urine. These indicate fhlA- and hyf-mediated deacidification affected urease activity and stone formation. Finally, fhlA and hyfG mutants exhibited attenuated colonization in mice. Altogether, we found expression of fhlA and hyf confers medium deacidification via facilitating urease activity, thereby urinary stone formation and mouse colonization. The link of acid resistance to urease activity provides a potential strategy for counteracting urinary tract infections by P. mirabilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yuan Lin
- Department and Graduate Institute of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10016, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shwu-Jen Liaw
- Department and Graduate Institute of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10016, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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10
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Baldry M, Bojer MS, Najarzadeh Z, Vestergaard M, Meyer RL, Otzen DE, Ingmer H. Phenol-Soluble Modulins Modulate Persister Cell Formation in Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:573253. [PMID: 33240231 PMCID: PMC7680730 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.573253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen that can cause chronic and recurrent infections and is recalcitrant to antibiotic chemotherapy. This trait is partly attributed to its ability to form persister cells, which are subpopulations of cells that are tolerant to lethal concentrations of antibiotics. Recently, we showed that the phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) expressed by S. aureus reduce persister cell formation. PSMs are a versatile group of toxins that, in addition to toxicity, form amyloid-like fibrils thought to support biofilm structures. Here, we examined individual or combined synthetic PSMα peptides and their equivalent amyloid-like fibrils on ciprofloxacin-selected S. aureus persister cells. We found that PSMα2 and the mixture of all four alpha peptides consistently were able to reduce persister frequency in all growth phases, and this activity was specifically linked to the presence of the soluble peptide as no effect was seen with fibrillated peptides. Persister reduction was particularly striking in a mutant that, due to mutations in the Krebs cycle, has enhanced ability to form persisters with PSMα4 and the combination of peptides being most effective. In biofilms, only the combination of peptides displayed persister reducing activity. Collectively, we report the individual contributions of PSMα peptides to persister cell reduction and that the combination of peptides generally was most effective. Strikingly, the fibrillated peptides lost activity and thus, if formed in bacterial cultures, they will be inactive against persister cells. Further studies will be needed to address the biological role of phenol-soluble modulins in reducing persister cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Baldry
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Martin S. Bojer
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Zahra Najarzadeh
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Vestergaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Rikke Louise Meyer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniel Erik Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hanne Ingmer
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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11
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Hubbard ATM, Bulgasim I, Roberts AP. A novel hemA mutation is responsible for a small-colony-variant phenotype in Escherichia coli. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2020; 167. [PMID: 32762803 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We identified a small colony variant (SCV) of an amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-resistant derivative of a clinical isolate of Escherichia coli from Malawi, which was selected for in vitro in a subinhibitory concentration of gentamicin. The SCV was auxotrophic for hemin and had impaired biofilm formation compared to the ancestral isolates. A single novel nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in hemA, which encodes a glutamyl-tRNA reductase that catalyses the initial step of porphyrin biosynthesis leading to the production of haem, was responsible for the SCV phenotype. We showed the SNP in hemA resulted in a significant fitness cost to the isolate, which persisted even in the presence of hemin. However, the phenotype quickly reverted during sequential sub-culturing in liquid growth media. As hemA is not found in mammalian cells, and disruption of the gene results in a significant fitness cost, it represents a potential target for novel drug development specifically for the treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infections caused by E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair T M Hubbard
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Issra Bulgasim
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Adam P Roberts
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
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12
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Alternative strategies for the application of aminoglycoside antibiotics against the biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:1955-1976. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Schleimer N, Kaspar U, Ballhausen B, Fotiadis SA, Streu JM, Kriegeskorte A, Proctor RA, Becker K. Adaption of an Episomal Antisense Silencing Approach for Investigation of the Phenotype Switch of Staphylococcus aureus Small-Colony Variants. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2044. [PMID: 31551979 PMCID: PMC6738336 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants (SCVs) are associated with chronic, persistent, and relapsing courses of infection and are characterized by slow growth combined with other phenotypic and molecular traits. Although certain mechanisms have been described, the genetic basis of clinical SCVs remains often unknown. Hence, we adapted an episomal tool for rapid identification and investigation of putative SCV phenotype-associated genes via antisense gene silencing based on previously described Tnl0-encoded tet-regulatory elements. Targeting the SCV phenotype-inducing enoyl-acyl-carrier-protein reductase gene (fabI), plasmid pSN1-AS‘fabI’ was generated leading to antisense silencing, which was proven by pronounced growth retardation in liquid cultures, phenotype switch on solid medium, and 200-fold increase of antisense ‘fabI’ expression. A crucial role of TetR repression in effective regulation of the system was demonstrated. Based on the use of anhydrotetracycline as effector, an easy-to-handle one-plasmid setup was set that may be applicable to different S. aureus backgrounds and cell culture studies. However, selection of the appropriate antisense fragment of the target gene remains a critical factor for effectiveness of silencing. This inducible gene expression system may help to identify SCV phenotype-inducing genes, which is prerequisite for the development of new antistaphylococcal agents and future alternative strategies to improve treatment of therapy-refractory SCV-related infections by iatrogenically induced phenotypic switch. Moreover, it can be used as controllable phenotype switcher to examine important aspects of SCV biology in cell culture as well as in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schleimer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ursula Kaspar
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Britta Ballhausen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sarah A Fotiadis
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jessica M Streu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - André Kriegeskorte
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Richard A Proctor
- Departments of Medical Microbiology/Immunology and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Karsten Becker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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14
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Antimicrobial resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to newer antimicrobial agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019:AAC.01216-19. [PMID: 31527033 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01216-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) result in significant morbidity and mortality for patients in both community and health care settings. This is primarily due to the difficulty in treating MRSA, which is often resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. Understanding the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in MRSA provides insight into the optimal use of antimicrobial agents in clinical practice and also underpins critical aspects of antimicrobial stewardship programs. In this review we delineate the mechanisms, prevalence, and clinical importance of resistance to antibiotics licensed in the past 20 years that target MRSA, as well as new drugs in the pipeline which are likely to be licensed soon. Current gaps in scientific knowledge about MRSA resistance mechanisms are discussed, and topics in the epidemiology of AMR in S. aureus that require further investigation are highlighted.
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15
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Nøhr-Meldgaard K, Ovsepian A, Ingmer H, Vestergaard M. Resveratrol enhances the efficacy of aminoglycosides against Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 52:390-396. [PMID: 29906565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Development of new antibiotics is costly and time-consuming, and therefore increasing the efficacy of conventional antibiotics is extremely attractive. For the human pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, inactivation of the ATP synthase increases its susceptibility to gentamicin (an aminoglycoside) 16-fold. Aminoglycosides are rarely used as monotherapy against S. aureus due to the risk of development of resistance and toxic effects. This study explored the possibility of enhancing the efficacy of aminoglycosides against S. aureus and other Gram-positive pathogens by inhibiting the ATP synthase with resveratrol, a polyphenolic ATP synthase inhibitor that is commonly used as a dietary supplement. Co-administration of subinhibitory concentrations of resveratrol increased the activity of aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin and tobramycin, up to 32-fold against S. aureus, while the effect was lower (2-4-fold reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration) for other Gram-positive pathogens (i.e. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis). The mechanism by which resveratrol increases the efficacy of aminoglycosides appears to be unrelated to membrane hyperpolarization and disruption of membrane integrity, which have been associated previously with increased aminoglycoside susceptibility. These results demonstrate that inhibition of the ATP synthase increases the efficacy of aminoglycosides against important Gram-positive pathogens, and the ATP synthase should be explored further as a target that may extend the clinical applicability of aminoglycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Nøhr-Meldgaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Armen Ovsepian
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Hanne Ingmer
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Martin Vestergaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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