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Zhang T, Yuan Y, Wu X, Yu P, Ji J, Chai J, Kumar Saini R, Liu J, Shang X. The level of sulfate substitution of polysaccharide regulates thermal-induced egg white protein gel properties: The characterization of gel structure and intermolecular forces. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113349. [PMID: 37803654 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated polysaccharides exhibit great potential for regulating protein-protein interactions. In the present study, three sulfated microcrystalline cellulose (MCS) with different degrees of sulfate substitution (DSS: 0.33, 0.51, 0.61) were synthesized and the effects of DSS on the regulation of egg white protein (EWP) aggregation and gelation properties were investigated. The results found that the improvement of protein mechanical properties by MCS is closely related to the level of sulfate substitution. The higher the DSS, the more ordered protein aggregates and compact gel network formed during heating as compared to that of pure EWP. Lower DSS (0.33) shows little effect on the mechanical properties of EWP. Furthermore, all the MCSs could significantly destroy the tertiary structure of protein molecules during heating, while for the secondary structure, MCS with higher DSS (0.51 and 0.61) could effectively control the decreasing tendency of α-helix and increasing tendency of β-sheet. Hydrophobic interactions were recognized as the major intermolecular force in the compact mixed gels (EWP/MCS2 and EWP/MCS3 gels, DSS was 0.51 and 0.61, respectively). These findings provide a vital understanding of the gelling mechanism of the protein-polysaccharide system and the application of sulfated polysaccharides in protein-based food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yixin Yuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Xinling Wu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Peixin Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jinghong Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jiale Chai
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Ramesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Shang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
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Soumya MP, Nampoothiri KM. Evaluation of improved biological properties of chemically modified exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus plantarum BR2. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:308. [PMID: 37608913 PMCID: PMC10441841 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03718-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This work engrosses the production and further chemical modifications of EPS produced by Lactobacillus plantarum BR2 and subsequent evaluation of their biological properties showed greater antioxidant properties for the derivatives compared to its native unmodified form. Of the three derivatives, acetylated EPS (a-EPS), carboxymethylated EPS (Cm-EPS), and sulphated EPS (s-EPS), a-EPS exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. At all tested concentrations, a-EPS showed higher scavenging activity, and a maximum activity of 73.81% at 2 mg/mL. Meanwhile, s-EPS showed the highest reducing power potential and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. At 2 mg/mL concentration, the order of reducing power was observed to be s-EPS (41.39%) > a-EPS (37.43%) > Cm-EPS (24.02) > BR2 control EPS (16%) and the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity for the s-EPS was 54.43%. The highest reducing power activity exhibited by s-EPS is 2.6-fold higher and a 1.5-fold increase in the scavenging activity of native BR2 EPS after the sulphonyl group addition was observed. The increase in these activities is due to the addition of various functional groups that contributes largely to the scavenging abilities of different free radicals. The s-EPS and Cm-EPS derivatives also exhibited increased cholesterol-lowering activity of 40 and 34.5%, respectively, than the native EPS. Interestingly, there were hardly any inhibitions on cell growth and viability of normal L929 fibroblast cell lines upon treatment with these EPSes. The improved antioxidant properties resulting from chemical modification opened better avenues for EPS application in the food and pharma sectors. Thus, the potentiality of chemically modified EPS may be explored further in the development of functional foods. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03718-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. P. Soumya
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - K. Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Zhou Z, Zeng X, Wu Z, Guo Y, Pan D. Relationship of Gene-Structure-Antioxidant Ability of Exopolysaccharides Derived from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37289517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have widespread industrial applications owing to their excellent safety profile and numerous biological properties. The antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides (EPS) offers defense against disease conditions caused by oxidative stress. Several genes and gene clusters are involved in the biosynthesis of EPS and the determination of their structures, which play an important role in modulating their antioxidant ability. Under conditions of oxidative stress, EPS are involved in the activation of the nonenzyme (Keap1-Nrf2-ARE) response pathway and enzyme antioxidant system. The antioxidant activity of EPS is further enhanced by the targeted alteration of their structures, as well as by chemical methods. Enzymatic modification is the most commonly used method, though physical and biomolecular methods are also frequently used. A detailed summary of the biosynthetic processes, antioxidant mechanisms, and modifications of LAB-derived EPS is presented in this paper, and their gene-structure-function relationship has also been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
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Ma Q, Zhai R, Xie X, Chen T, Zhang Z, Liu H, Nie C, Yuan X, Tu A, Tian B, Zhang M, Chen Z, Li J. Hypoglycemic Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice via Modulating Gut Microbiota. Front Nutr 2022; 9:916271. [PMID: 35845787 PMCID: PMC9280299 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.916271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) in alleviating type 2 diabetes through intestinal flora modulation. A high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) was applied to create a diabetic model. The results indicated that LBP effectively alleviated the symptoms of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance in diabetic mice. A high dosage of LBP exerted better hypoglycemic effects than low and medium dosages. In diabetic mice, LBP significantly boosted the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px and reduced inflammation. The analysis of 16S rDNA disclosed that LBP notably improved the composition of intestinal flora, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Intestinimonas, Mucispirillum, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-009 and decreasing the relative abundance of Allobaculum, Dubosiella, Romboutsia. LBP significantly improved the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in diabetic mice, which corresponded to the increase in the beneficial genus. According to Spearman’s correlation analysis, Cetobacterium, Streptococcus, Ralstonia. Cetobacterium, Ruminiclostridium, and Bifidobacterium correlated positively with insulin, whereas Cetobacterium, Millionella, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Streptococcus, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG_009 correlated negatively with HOMA-IR, HDL-C, ALT, AST, TC, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These findings suggested that the mentioned genus may be beneficial to diabetic mice’s hypoglycemia and hypolipidemia. The up-regulation of peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and insulin were remarkably reversed by LBP in diabetic mice. The real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis illustrated that LBP distinctly regulated the glucose metabolism of diabetic mice by activating the IRS/PI3K/Akt signal pathway. These results indicated that LBP effectively alleviated the hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia of diabetic mice by modulating intestinal flora.
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Guo R, Chen M, Ding Y, Yang P, Wang M, Zhang H, He Y, Ma H. Polysaccharides as Potential Anti-tumor Biomacromolecules —A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:838179. [PMID: 35295918 PMCID: PMC8919066 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.838179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer, as one of the most life-threatening diseases, has attracted the attention of researchers to develop drugs with minimal side effects. The bioactive macromolecules, such as the polysaccharides, are considered the potential candidates against cancer due to their anti-tumor activities and non-toxic characteristics. The present review provides an overview on polysaccharides' extraction, isolation, purification, mechanisms for their anti-tumor activities, structure-activity relationships, absorption and metabolism of polysaccharides, and the applications of polysaccharides in anti-tumor therapy. Numerous research showed extraction methods of polysaccharides had a significant influence on their activities. Additionally, the anti-tumor activities of the polysaccharides are closely related to their structure, while molecular modification and high bioavailability may enhance the anti-tumor activity. Moreover, most of the polysaccharides exerted an anti-tumor activity mainly through the cell cycle arrest, anti-angiogenesis, apoptosis, and immunomodulation mechanisms. Also, recommendations were made to utilize the polysaccharides against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Chen
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Pengyao Yang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mengjiao Wang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuanqing He
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanqing He
| | - Haile Ma
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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6
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Cao J, Cheng Y, Xu B, Wang Y, Wang F. Determination of Different Selenium Species in Selenium-Enriched Polysaccharide by HPLC-ICP-MS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Zong X, Cheng Y, Xiao X, Fu J, Wang F, Lu Z, Wang Y, Jin M. Protective effects of sulfated polysaccharide from Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 against DSS-induced intestinal injury via DNA methylation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:861-869. [PMID: 33940061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously obtained and characterized a novel sulfated derivative of the exopolysaccharides from Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 (SEPS). This study aimed at investigating the effects and mechanism of SEPS against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced intestinal injury. The results showed that SEPS increased the proliferation and survival of intestinal epithelial cells during DSS stimulation. Furthermore, SEPS maintained the barrier function and inflammatory response via JAK2 and MAPK signaling to protect against DSS-induced intestinal injury. Mechanistically, SEPS elevated the DNA methylation in the promoter region to negatively regulate the JAK2 and MAPKs expression. Thus, the current study shows the potential effects and mechanism of SEPS on DSS-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuanzhi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zeqing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Mingliang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China.
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8
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Purification, characterization and antitumor activity of an exopolysaccharide produced by Bacillus velezensis SN-1. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:354-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Liao N, Pang B, Jin H, Xu X, Yan L, Li H, Shao D, Shi J. Potential of lactic acid bacteria derived polysaccharides for the delivery and controlled release of oral probiotics. J Control Release 2020; 323:110-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Chen N, Zhao X, Wang F, Lu Z, Wang Y, Jin M. Proteomic study of sulfated polysaccharide from Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in murine macrophages. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Zhao B, Tao F, Wang J, Zhang J. The sulfated modification and antioxidative activity of polysaccharides from Potentilla anserine L. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00356e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The sulfated modification of polysaccharides from Potentilla anserine L (PAPMAE) was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baotang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Faqin Tao
- College of Life Science
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- China
| | - Junlong Wang
- College of Life Science
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Science
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- China
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12
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Zhou Y, Cui Y, Qu X. Exopolysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria: Structure, bioactivity and associations: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 207:317-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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13
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Peng B, Luo Y, Hu X, Song L, Yang J, Zhu J, Wen Y, Yu R. Isolation, structural characterization, and immunostimulatory activity of a new water-soluble polysaccharide and its sulfated derivative from Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:500-511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Shariatinia Z. Carboxymethyl chitosan: Properties and biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1406-1419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Characterization, antioxidant property and cytoprotection of exopolysaccharide-capped elemental selenium particles synthesized by Bacillus paralicheniformis SR14. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 178:18-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Zhang L, Li Q, Zheng G, Chen Y, Huang M, Zhang L, Lin X. Protective effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides against cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in male mice. Food Funct 2017; 8:2322-2330. [PMID: 28594424 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01583b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed to determine whether Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) would protect mice against cadmium (Cd)-induced testicular toxicity. Seventy-two male mice were randomly divided into six groups with twelve mice per group. Four groups were administered orally with cadmium chloride (5.0 mg per kg body weight) for 35 days and treated in combination with LBPs (0, 10.0, 33.3 or 100 mg kg-1) from one week before exposure to Cd until the end of the experiment. The other two groups were administered orally with vehicle or LBP (100 mg kg-1) only. Pretreatment with LBP ameliorated the Cd-induced reduction in the body weights, sperm motility as well as the level of testosterone in serum. Moreover, Cd-induced increase in the abnormal sperms was reduced and effects of Cd on the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were reversed. Histopathological examination further confirmed that the LBPs effectively attenuated Cd-induced degeneration of seminiferous tubules. Thus, LBPs attenuated Cd-induced testicular injury by improving the activity of antioxidant enzymatic activity and lowering the oxidative stress, so it could be a potential auxiliary therapeutic agent for Cd-induced testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Center of Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 587 Bingkang Rd, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qin Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 182 Tianmushan Rd, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gaoli Zheng
- Center of Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 587 Bingkang Rd, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunxiang Chen
- Center of Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 587 Bingkang Rd, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mincong Huang
- Center of Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 587 Bingkang Rd, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lijiang Zhang
- Center of Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 587 Bingkang Rd, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 261 Huanshan Rd, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Manthey AL, Chiu K, So KF. Effects of Lycium barbarum on the Visual System. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 135:1-27. [PMID: 28807155 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum (wolfberry, gogi berry, gouqizi, ) is one of the most widely used Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) and is also one of the most scientifically studied. Indeed, the polysaccharide component of this berry (LBP) has been shown to have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antiexcitotoxic, and antiapoptotic properties. These properties make it a particularly useful treatment option for the ocular environment. Although there are a handful of studies investigating the use of LBP to treat diseases affecting the lens, the vast majority of the published literature investigating LBP in the visual system focus on the retina. In this chapter, we have described what is currently understood concerning the effects of LBP treatment on various retinal diseases, including glaucoma, ischemia/reperfusion, age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, and diabetic retinopathy. We then describe the functions attributed to LBP using other cellular contexts to elucidate the full mechanisms this CHM utilizes in the retina. By making connections between what is known about the function of LBP in a variety of tissues and its function as a therapy for retinal degenerative diseases, we hope to further emphasize the continued use of this CHM in clinical medicine in addition to providing a platform for additional study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kin Chiu
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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18
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Di Sotto A, Di Giacomo S, Toniolo C, Nicoletti M, Mazzanti G. Sisymbrium Officinale (L.) Scop. and its Polyphenolic Fractions Inhibit the Mutagenicity of Tert-Butylhydroperoxide in Escherichia Coli WP2uvrAR Strain. Phytother Res 2016; 30:829-34. [PMID: 26890612 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
One Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. aqueous dry extract (SOE) and its polyphenolic fractions (Fb, Fc, Fd and Fe) were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the oxidative mutagenicity of tert-butylhydroperoxide in the Ames test. The possible involvement of desmutagenic and/or bioantimutagenic mechanisms was evaluated by applying a three-time based protocol (pre-treatment, co-treatment and post-treatment). Furthermore, some protective antioxidant mechanisms were investigated. The total polyphenol and flavonol amount was also determined, and the fingerprint was outlined by high-performance thin-layer chromatography and densitometry. SOE, Fb and Fe exhibited strong antimutagenicity against tert-butylhydroperoxide in all treatment protocols, this suggesting the involvement of both desmutagenic and bioantimutagenic mechanisms. These samples also showed antioxidant properties, including neutralization of the superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation inhibition and chelation and reduction of iron. Fb and Fe were rich in polyphenols and flavonols, so suggesting a possible role of these compounds in the antimutagenicity. Taking into account that oxidative stress is responsible for the damage of various environmental toxicants, particularly tobacco smoke, present results can support the traditional use of hedge mustard by smokers to restore the vocal cord function affected by the oxidative damage and suggest a possible application of SOE and its fractions as food supplements. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Toniolo
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriela Mazzanti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Carboxymethylation of (1→6)-β-glucan (lasiodiplodan): Preparation, characterization and antioxidant evaluation. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 127:390-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Jing Y, Zhu J, Liu T, Bi S, Hu X, Chen Z, Song L, Lv W, Yu R. Structural characterization and biological activities of a novel polysaccharide from cultured Cordyceps militaris and its sulfated derivative. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3464-3471. [PMID: 25785351 DOI: 10.1021/jf505915t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel polysaccharide (CMPA90-1; compound 1) was isolated from the cultured fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris. The chemical structure of compound 1 was elucidated by acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and methylation analysis, along with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and one-dimensional [(1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)] and two-dimensional NMR (heteronuclear single-quantum coherence and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation). Sulfation of compound 1 by the chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine (CSA-Pyr) method led to synthesis of its sulfated analogue (CMPA90-M1; compound 2). The ultrastructures of both compounds 1 and 2 were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The results of antioxidant assays showed that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited free-radical-scavenging effects, ferrous-ion-chelating ability, and reducing power. Also, in the cytotoxicity assay, compounds 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activity against A549 cells, with IC50 values of 39.08 and 17.33 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuai Jing
- ‡College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Chen H, Wang Y, Xing L. Synthesis and characterization of a new Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide-iron(III) complex. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 75:210-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Banerjee S, Parasramka M, Paruthy SB. Polysaccharides in Cancer Prevention: From Bench to Bedside. POLYSACCHARIDES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16298-0_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Tadayoni M, Sheikh-Zeinoddin M, Soleimanian-Zad S. Isolation of bioactive polysaccharide from acorn and evaluation of its functional properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 72:179-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Banerjee S, Parasramka M, Paruthy SB. Polysaccharides in Cancer Prevention: From Bench to Bedside. POLYSACCHARIDES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_26-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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25
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Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of sulphated polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii and Streptococcus thermophilus ASCC 1275. Food Chem 2014; 165:262-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Sulphation can enhance the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 99:624-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Zhou X, Wang F, Yang H, Chen J, Ren Y, Yuan Z, Wang X, Wang Y. Selenium‑enriched exopolysaccharides produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 alleviate adipose inflammation in diabetic KKAy mice through the AMPK/SirT1 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2013; 9:683-8. [PMID: 24337047 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides belong to a structurally diverse class of macromolecules, with the necessary flexibility for the precise regulatory mechanisms and high capacity for carrying biological information. On the basis of a previous study regarding the administration of selenium-enriched exopolysaccharides (Se-ECZ-EPS) produced by Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) Z0206 which resulted in a reduction of blood glucose levels and showed significant anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects and mechanism of EPS on the alleviation of fat inflammation in high-fat-diet (HFD) induced-diabetic KKAy mice. The HFD induced-diabetic KKAy mice were gavaged once daily with EPS (0.2 mg/g body weight) or distilled water, while the C57BL/6J mice were gavaged with distilled water. Six weeks later visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was collected for quantified polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot (WB) analysis. The results showed that following supplementation with EPS, interleukin (IL) 6, IL1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α mRNA expression in VAT were significantly reduced, while Glut4, pAMPK and SirT1 protein expression were markedly increased when compared with KKAy mice gavaged with water. Furthermore, ATGL and HSL mRNA were also significantly decreased. Subsequently, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with insulin to induce insulin resistance to determine the mechanism by which EPS affects inflammation. Following the treatment of adipocytes with 100 nM insulin for 8 h, IL6 and TNFα mRNA expression were significantly increased, while the content of glucose uptake and Glut4 protein expression were significantly decreased. When treated with 100 nM insulin and 0.1 mg/ml EPS, no significant change in IL6 and TNFα mRNA expression or glucose uptake were observed. However, when SirT1‑siRNA or AMPKα1-siRNA was transfected into the 3T3-L1 adipocytes prior to treatment with insulin and EPS, there was a significant increase in IL6 and TNFα mRNA abundance. In conclusion, VAT inflammation and lipolysis in HFD-induced KKAy mice were significantly decreased following EPS usage. Moreover, EPS may alleviate VAT inflammation primarily through the AMPK/SirT1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Hangxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Jingqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Zhangqin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Xinxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
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Structural features and biological activities of the polysaccharides from Astragalus membranaceus. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 64:257-66. [PMID: 24325861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a great deal of interest has been developed to isolate and investigate novel bioactive components with health benefit effects from natural resources. The dried root of Astragalus membranaceus, one of the most popular health-promoting herbal medicines, has been used historically as an immunomodulating agent for the treatment of common cold, diarrhea, fatigue and anorexia for more than 2000 years. Modern phytochemistry and pharmacological experiments have proved that polysaccharide is one of the major active ingredients in the root of A. membranaceus with various important bioactivities, such as immunomodulation, antioxidant, antitumor, anti-diabetes, antiviral, hepatoprotection, anti-inflammation, anti-atherosclerosis, hematopoiesis and neuroprotection. The aim of the present review is to summarize previous and current references and give a comprehensive summary regarding the structural features and biological activities of A. membranaceus polysaccharides in order to provide new insight for further development of these macromolecules.
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Liu J, Lu JF, Kan J, Tang YQ, Jin CH. Preparation, characterization and antioxidant activity of phenolic acids grafted carboxymethyl chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:85-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Influence of sulfate on the transport of bacteria in quartz sand. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 110:443-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Ge X, Wang W, Han Y, Wang J, Xiong X, Zhang W. Methylovorus sp. MP688 exopolysaccharides contribute to oxidative defense and bacterial survival under adverse condition. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 29:2249-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1391-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Jin M, Huang Q, Zhao K, Shang P. Biological activities and potential health benefit effects of polysaccharides isolated from Lycium barbarum L. Int J Biol Macromol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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33
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Immune-enhancing activity comparison of sulfated ophiopogonpolysaccharide and sulfated jujube polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 52:212-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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34
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Saluja B, Thakkar JN, Li H, Desai UR, Sakagami M. Novel low molecular weight lignins as potential anti-emphysema agents: In vitro triple inhibitory activity against elastase, oxidation and inflammation. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2012; 26:296-304. [PMID: 23280431 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
No molecule has been found to be effective against emphysema to date primarily because of its complex pathogenesis that involves elastolysis, oxidation and inflammation. We here describe novel unsulfated or sulfated low molecular weight lignins (LMWLs) chemo-enzymatically prepared from 4-hydroxycinnamic acids monomers, as the first potent triple-action inhibitors of neutrophil elastase, oxidation and inflammation. The inhibitory potencies of three different cinnamic acid-based LMWLs were determined in vitro using chromogenic substrate hydrolysis assays, radical scavenging and lung cellular oxidative biomarker reduced glutathione (rGSH) assays, and lung cellular inflammatory biomarker NFκB and IL-8 assays, respectively. Each LWML uniquely displayed triple-action inhibition, among which CDSO3, a sulfated caffeic acid-based LMWL, was most potent. The half-maximal anti-human neutrophil elastase (HNE) potency of CDSO3 was 0.43 μM. This high potency arose from lignin-like oligomerization, which was further potentiated by 6.6-fold due to sulfation. Mechanistically, this elastase inhibition was of mixed-type, time-dependent and more selective to positively charged elastases. The half-maximal anti-oxidative potency of CDSO3 was 3.52 μM, 4.8-fold potentiated from that of the monomer, caffeic acid (CA). In contrast, the half-maximal inhibitory potency to TNFα-induced inflammation was 5-10 μM, despite no activity with the monomer. More intriguingly, this anti-inflammatory activity was essentially identical with different stimuli, okadaic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), which implied that CDSO3 acts directly on inflammatory cascades within the cells. Overall, oligomerization and sulfation produced or significantly potentiated the activity, in comparison to the monomer. Thus, sulfated and unsulfated LMWLs are novel non-peptidic 2.8-4.1 kDa macromolecules that exhibit for the first time potent triple inhibitory activity against elastase, oxidation and inflammation, the three major pathogenic mechanisms known to cause emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawana Saluja
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N. 12th Street, P.O. Box 980533, Richmond, VA 23298-0533, USA.
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The optimization of sulfation modification conditions for ophiopogonpolysaccharide based on antiviral activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:657-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Jin M, Zhao K, Huang Q, Xu C, Shang P. Isolation, structure and bioactivities of the polysaccharides from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 89:713-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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