1
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Pason P, Tachaapaikoon C, Suyama W, Waeonukul R, Shao R, Wongwattanakul M, Limpaiboon T, Chonanant C, Ngernyuang N. Anticancer and anti-angiogenic activities of mannooligosaccharides extracted from coconut meal on colorectal carcinoma cells in vitro. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:82-90. [PMID: 38259721 PMCID: PMC10801218 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies, though there are no effective therapeutic regimens at present. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of mannooligosaccharides extracted from coconut meal (CMOSs) on the proliferation and migration of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells in vitro. The results showed that CMOSs exhibited significant inhibitory activity against HCT116 cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner with less cytotoxic effects on the Vero normal cells. CMOSs displayed the ability to increase the activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3/7, as well as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, CMOSs suppressed HCT116 cell migration in vitro. Interestingly, treatment of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) with CMOSs resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation, cell migration, and capillary-like tube formation, suggesting its anti-vascular angiogenesis. In summary, the results of this study indicate that CMOSs could be a valuable therapeutic candidate for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patthra Pason
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Chakrit Tachaapaikoon
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Waralee Suyama
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Rattiya Waeonukul
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Rong Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gallbladder Cancer-Related Gastroenterological Diseases, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200089, China
| | - Molin Wongwattanakul
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Temduang Limpaiboon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chirapond Chonanant
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Nipaporn Ngernyuang
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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2
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Pei W, Li M, Wu J, Huang M, Sun B, Liang H, Wu Z. Preparation, Structural Analysis, and Intestinal Probiotic Properties of a Novel Oligosaccharide from Enzymatic Degradation of Huangshui Polysaccharide. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:313-325. [PMID: 38126348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Huangshui polysaccharide (HSP) has attracted more and more interest due to its potential health benefits. Despite being an excellent source for the preparation of oligosaccharides, there are currently no relevant research reports on HSP. In the present study, a novel oligosaccharide (HSO) with a molecular weight of 1791 Da and a degree of polymerization of 11 was prepared through enzymatic degradation of crude HSP (cHSP). Methylation and NMR analyses revealed that the main chain of HSO was (1 → 4)-α-d-glucose with two O-6-linked branched chains. Morphological observations indicated that HSO exhibited smooth surface with lamellar and filamentary structure, and the glycan size ranged from 0.03 to 0.20 μm. Notably, HSO significantly promoted the proliferation of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Phascolarctobacterium, thereby making positive alterations in intestinal microbiota composition. Moreover, HSO markedly increased the content of short-chain fatty acids during in vitro fermentation. Metabolomics analysis illustrated the important metabolic pathways primarily involving glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Pei
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jihong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mingquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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3
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Kumari N, Kumar M, Radha, Rais N, Puri S, Sharma K, Natta S, Dhumal S, Damale RD, Kumar S, Senapathy M, Deshmukh SV, Anitha T, Prabhu T, Shenbagavalli S, Balamurugan V, Lorenzo JM, Kennedy JF. Exploring apple pectic polysaccharides: Extraction, characterization, and biological activities - A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128011. [PMID: 37951444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Apple (Malus domestica) is a popular and ancient fruit of the Myrtaceae family. Apple fruit is well-known for its great nutritional and phytochemical content consisted of beneficial compounds such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, sterols, and organic acids. Polysaccharides extracted from different parts of the apple fruit, including the peel, pomace, or the whole fruit, have been extensively studied. Researchers have investigated the structural characteristics of these polysaccharides, such as molecular weight, type of monosaccharide unit, type of linkage and its position and arrangement. Besides this, functional properties and physicochemical and of apple polysaccharides have also been studied, along with the effects of extraction procedures, storage, and processing on cell wall polysaccharides. Various extraction techniques, including hot water extraction, enzymatic extraction, and solvent-assisted extraction, have been studied. From the findings, it was evident that apple polysaccharides are mainly composed of (1 → 3), (1 → 6): α-β-glycosidic linkage. Moreover, the apple polysaccharides were demonstrated to exhibit antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, hypoilipidemic, and enzyme inhibitory properties in vitro and in vivo. The potential applications of apple polysaccharides in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical industries have also been explored in the present review. Overall, the research on apple polysaccharides highlights their significant potential as a source of biologically active compounds with various health benefits and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumari
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India.
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Nadeem Rais
- Department of Pharmacy, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305004, India
| | - Sunil Puri
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Kanika Sharma
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Suman Natta
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Orchids, Pakyong 737106, India
| | - Sangram Dhumal
- Division of Horticulture, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur 416004, India
| | - Rahul D Damale
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur 413255, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram 250110, India
| | - Marisennayya Senapathy
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Sheetal Vishal Deshmukh
- Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Yashwantrao Mohite Institute of Management, Karad, India
| | - T Anitha
- Department of Postharvest Technology, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Periyakulam 625604, India
| | - T Prabhu
- Department of Spices and Plantation Crops, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Periyakulam 625604, India
| | - S Shenbagavalli
- Department of Natural Resource and Management, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Periyakulam 625604, India
| | - V Balamurugan
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, India
| | - Jose M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, Avd. Galicia n° 4, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech Laboratories, Advanced Science and Technology Institute, Kyrewood House, Tenbury Wells, Worcs WR15 8FF, UK
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Li Y, Zhang C, Feng L, Shen Q, Liu F, Jiang X, Pang B. Application of natural polysaccharides and their novel dosage forms in gynecological cancers: therapeutic implications from the diversity potential of natural compounds. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1195104. [PMID: 37383719 PMCID: PMC10293794 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1195104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases. Globally, the number of cancers is nearly 10 million per year. Gynecological cancers (for instance, ovarian, cervical, and endometrial), relying on hidden diseases, misdiagnoses, and high recurrence rates, have seriously affected women's health. Traditional chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy effectively improve the prognosis of gynecological cancer patients. However, with the emergence of adverse reactions and drug resistance, leading to the occurrence of complications and poor compliance of patients, we have to focus on the new treatment direction of gynecological cancers. Because of the potential effects of natural drugs in regulating immune function, protecting against oxidative damage, and improving the energy metabolism of the body, natural compounds represented by polysaccharides have also attracted extensive attention in recent years. More and more studies have shown that polysaccharides are effective in the treatment of various tumors and in reducing the burden of metastasis. In this review, we focus on the positive role of natural polysaccharides in the treatment of gynecologic cancer, the molecular mechanisms, and the available evidence, and discuss the potential use of new dosage forms derived from polysaccharides in gynecologic cancer. This study covers the most comprehensive discussion on applying natural polysaccharides and their novel preparations in gynecological cancers. By providing complete and valuable sources of information, we hope to promote more effective treatment solutions for clinical diagnosis and treatment of gynecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanlong Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Feng
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fudong Liu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Jiang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pang
- International Medical Department of Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Oliveira NMT, Dos Santos AE, Corso CR, Galindo CM, Adami ER, da Silva LCM, de Lima LTF, de Santana Filho AP, Dittrich RL, Klassen G, de Souza Ramos EA, Sassaki GL, Acco A. Chemical characterization and antineoplastic effect of oligosaccharides from Cabernet Franc red wine in mammary tumor model in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 113:109253. [PMID: 36565967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study characterized oligosaccharide compounds (Oligo) in Cabernet Franc red wine and investigated its antineoplastic effects against mammary tumor cells in vivo and in vitro, isolated or in combination with chemotherapy. The Oligo fraction was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The complex mixture of Oligo showed high amounts of oligoxyloglucuronans, oligorhamnogalacturonans, oligoarabinogalactans, and oligoglucans, such as trehalose and isomaltotriose. To investigate the antineoplastic effects of Oligo, Female Swiss mice were subcutaneously inoculated with Ehrlich tumor cells and then received vehicle (distilled water, p.o.), Oligo solution (9, 35, or 70 mg/kg, p.o.), or methotrexate (1.5 mg/kg, i.p.). The treatments were administered in a conventional (21-d) or chemopreventive (42-d) protocol. Oligo reduced the growth of Ehrlich tumors in both protocols and increased the effectiveness of methotrexate in controlling tumor growth. Oligo did not reduce the viability of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, and HB4a human breast cells that were cultured for 48 h, showing no cytotoxicity. Overall, Oligo exerted an in vivo antineoplastic effect and modulated immune blood cells, dependent on treatment time, and was not directly cytotoxic to tumor cells. Thus, Oligo may indirectly regulate tumor cell development and may be a promising drug for cancer therapy in combination with methotrexate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - André Eduardo Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudia Rita Corso
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Giseli Klassen
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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6
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Ashrafian B, Hosseini-Abari A. Investigation of bioactivity of unsaturated oligo‑galacturonic acids produced from apple waste by Alcaligenes faecalis AGS3 and Paenibacillus polymyxa S4 Pectinases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15830. [PMID: 36138114 PMCID: PMC9500027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectin is one of the main structural components in fruits and an indigestible fiber made of D-galacturonic acid units with α (1-4) linkage. This study investigates the microbial degradation of pectin in apple waste and the production of bioactive compounds. Firstly, pectin-degrading bacteria were isolated and identified, then pectinolytic activity was assessed by DNS. The products were evaluated by TLC and LC-MS-ESI. The antioxidative effects were investigated using DPPH and anti-cancer effects and cytotoxicity were analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry. In this study two new bacterial isolates, Alcaligenes faecalis AGS3 and Paenibacillus polymyxa S4 with the pectinolytic enzyme were introduced. Structure analysis showed that the products of enzymatic degradation include unsaturated mono, di, tri, and penta galacturonic acids with 74% and 69% RSA at 40 mg/mL for A. faecalis and P. polymyxa S4, respectively. The results of anti-tumor properties on MCF-7 cells by MTT assay, for products of AGS3 and S4 at 40 mg/mL after 48 h, showed 7% and 9% survival, respectively. In the flow cytometric assessment, the compounds of AGS3 at 40 mg/mL were 100% lethal in 48 h and regarding S4 isolate caused 98% death. Cytotoxicity evaluation on L-929 cells showed no significant toxicity on living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Ashrafian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran
| | - Afrouzossadat Hosseini-Abari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran.
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7
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Mueed A, Shibli S, Jahangir M, Jabbar S, Deng Z. A comprehensive review of flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.): health-affecting compounds, mechanism of toxicity, detoxification, anticancer and potential risk. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:11081-11104. [PMID: 35833457 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2092718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Flaxseed consumption (Linum usitatissimum L.) has increased due to its potential health benefits, such as protection against inflammation, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. However, flaxseeds also contains various anti-nutritive and toxic compounds such as cyanogenic glycosides, and phytic acids etc. In this case, the long-term consumption of flaxseed may pose health risks due to these non-nutritional substances, which may be life threatening if consumed in high doses, although if appropriately utilized these may prevent/treat various diseases by preventing/inhibiting and or reversing the toxicity induced by other compounds. Therefore, it is necessary to remove or suppress the harmful and anti-nutritive effects of flaxseeds before these are utilized for large-scale as food for human consumption. Interestingly, the toxic compounds of flaxseed also undergoes biochemical detoxification in the body, transforming into less toxic or inactive forms like α-ketoglutarate cyanohydrin etc. However, such detoxification is also a challenge for the development, scalability, and real-time quantification of these bioactive substances. This review focuses on the health affecting composition of flaxseed, along with health benefits and potential toxicity of its components, detoxification methods and mechanisms with evidence supported by animal and human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Mueed
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sahar Shibli
- Food Science Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jahangir
- Department of Food Science & Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Jabbar
- Food Science Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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8
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Kang S, Guo Z, Zhao F, Song L, Lu L, Wang C, Liu Z, Zhao J. Lanzhou Lily polysaccharide fragment protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells from radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221140110. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221140110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy is widely used in the treatment of tumors. However, while killing tumor cells, radiation may also cause damage to the surrounding normal tissues. Therefore, it is very important to find safe and effective radiation protection agents. Purpose To investgate the radiation protection effect of Lanzhou Lily polysaccharide fragments (LLP). Methods: The crude polysaccharides of Lanzhou Lily were extracted from the dried bulb powder of Lilium lilium by ultrasonic-assisted hot water method, and then five different fragments were separated from the polysaccharides by DEAE-52-cellulose column. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay, neutral comet and immunofluorescent staining were used to investigate the effect of LPe fragment on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) survival and the possible radioprotective mechanism. Results The LPe fragment (composing of mannose and glucose, with a ratio of 5.5:2.9, and the average molecular weight is 8629.8 Da), significantly promoted the proliferation of HUVECs and protected cells from X-ray-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA, in which pretreatment with the LPe fragment at 100 μg/mL showed the most pronounced protection. In addition, the occurrence of X-ray-induced γH2AX foci was significantly reduced by treatment with the LPe fragment at 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL. Furthermore, caffeine or wortmannin in combination with the LPe fragment at 25 μg/mL significantly reduced the number of X-ray-induced γH2AX foci, indicating phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) is involved in H2AX phosphorylation in HUVECs. Conclusion These results indicate the LPe fragment has a protective effect against radiation-induced DSBs and may be used as a natural antioxidant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in Universities of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Z Guo
- Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - F Zhao
- Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - L Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - L Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in Universities of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - C Wang
- Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Z Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in Universities of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Zhao
- Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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Multi-efficient thermostable endoxylanase from Bacillus velezensis AG20 and its production of xylooligosaccharides as efficient prebiotics with anticancer activity. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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10
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Hosseini Abari A, Amini Rourani H, Ghasemi SM, Kim H, Kim YG. Investigation of antioxidant and anticancer activities of unsaturated oligo-galacturonic acids produced by pectinase of Streptomyces hydrogenans YAM1. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8491. [PMID: 33875695 PMCID: PMC8055656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectin, a diverse carbohydrate polymer in plants consists of a core of α-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid units, includes a vast portion of fruit and agricultural wastes. Using the wastes to produce beneficial compounds is a new approach to control the negative environmental impacts of the accumulated wastes. In the present study, we report a pectinase producing bacterium Streptomyces hydrogenans YAM1 and evaluate antioxidative and anticancer effects of the oligosaccharides obtained from pectin degradation. The production of oligosaccharides due to pectinase activity was detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Our results revealed that S. hydrogenans YAM1 can degrade pectin to unsaturated pectic oligo-galacturonic acids (POS) with approximately 93% radical scavenging activity in 20 mg/mL which it is more than 50% of the same concentration of pectin. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that MCF-7 cells viability decreased more than 32 and 92% following treatment with 6 and 20 mg/mL POS after 24 h, respectively. It is suggested that pectin degradation by S. hydrogenans YAM1 is not only a new approach to produce highly active compounds from fruit wastes, but also is an effective method to remove fibrous pollutants from different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrouzossadat Hosseini Abari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
- Environmental Research Institute, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Amini Rourani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Ghasemi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hyun Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
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11
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Effects of carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide on regulating immunologic function and inhibiting tumor growth. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116994. [PMID: 33049904 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the effects of carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide (CM-COS) on regulating immunologic function and inhibiting hepatocellular tumor growth were evaluated. Results showed that CM-COS caused dramatic viability loss of hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 with non-toxicity towards normal liver L-02 cells. CM-COS repressed tumor growth of hepatoma-22, and elevated the spleen index and thymus index of tumor-bearing mice. Contents of VEGF and MMP-9 were significantly down-regulated by CM-COS. Histological analyses revealed that CM-COS promoted tumor cell necrosis and produced no significant toxicity to spleen tissues. Moreover, expressions of Caspase-3 in tumor tissues and IL-2 in spleen tissues were significantly activated by CM-COS. Additionally, in vitro cell viability, phagocytic capability and NO production of mouse peritoneal macrophages exposed to CM-COS were significantly higher. CM-COS remarkably increased the in vivo phagocytosing capacity of peritoneal macrophages of Kunming mice. Taken together, our findings suggested that CM-COS might be potentially effective and non-toxic candidate as anti-hepatoma agents.
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12
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Design and development of natural and biocompatible raffinose-Cu2O magnetic nanoparticles as a heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the selective oxidation of alcohols. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Jana UK, Kango N. Characteristics and bioactive properties of mannooligosaccharides derived from agro-waste mannans. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:931-940. [PMID: 32014482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mannooligosaccharides (MOS) were derived using Aspergillus oryzae β-mannanase (ManAo) from different mannan-rich agro-wastes, palm kernel cake (PKC), guar gum and copra meal (CM). Guar gum (GG) released higher amount of MOS (56.31% w/w) from which purification of mannobiose (0.68 mg) and mannotriose (1.26 mg) was demonstrated using size-exclusion chromatography. FTIR analysis of mannan hydrolysates showed characteristic peaks in 1200-900 cm-1 region indicating the presence of MOS. 1H &13C NMR spectra showed presence of anomeric sugar forms of MOS in different mannan hydrolysates. MOS from locust bean gum and guar gum had both α- and β-anomers while PKC and CM had only α-anomer. Growth promotional activities of different MOS were demonstrated using two probiotic Lactobacilli. Besides, enzymatically derived MOS also showed metal (Fe2+) chelating and anti-oxidant activities, wherein best anti-glycating agent was evaluated as MOS from PKC. PKC derived MOS showed highest cytotoxicity (74.19%) against human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2). This study demonstrated the prebiotic potential of agro-waste derived MOS and possibility of their utilization as a functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Kumar Jana
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Naveen Kango
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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14
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Kong M, Yao Y, Zhang H. Antitumor activity of enzymatically hydrolyzed Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide on U14 cervical carcinoma-bearing mice. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2020; 33:2058738419869489. [PMID: 31462112 PMCID: PMC6716173 DOI: 10.1177/2058738419869489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum have been demonstrated to
possess diverse biological activities. Despite lots of studies on the biological
activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP), little is
known regarding the medicinal potential of low–molecular weight enzymatically
hydrolyzed Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (EGLP). EGLP was
prepared by enzymatic degradation and its potential effects in U14 cervical
tumor–bearing mice were evaluated. Both GLP and EGLP delayed tumor growth of the
tumor xenograft. The EGLP was superior to native polysaccharide. Moreover, EGLP
treatment could effectively protect the immune organs of U14 cervical
carcinoma–bearing mice. In addition, the EGLP treatment ameliorated oxidative
stress as compared with cyclophosphamide (CTX). Compared with the MC group, the
expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2 was obviously decreased by EGLP treatment, whereas
the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 was obviously increased. These
results indicated that EGLP showed stronger antitumor activity with lower toxic
effects and had the potential to be a novel antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kong
- Department of Gynecology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Gynecology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
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15
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Bai JH, Xu J, Zhao J, Zhang R. Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Enzymatic Hydrolysate Suppresses the Growth of Human Colon Cancer Cells via Inducing Apoptosis. Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689720931435. [PMID: 32495637 PMCID: PMC7563825 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720931435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is a popular traditional Chinese medicine used in China to improve health. Previous researches have revealed that the polysaccharide from G. lucidum could exert diversity activities, including immunomodulation, antioxidant, and antitumor effects. However, the effect of enzymatically hydrolyzed G. lucidum polysaccharide (EGLP) in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains unknown. The present research aimed to investigate the antitumor mechanism of EGLP in human colon cancer cells. For this purpose, the cytotoxic effects of EGLP were measured by the (3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) method. The apoptosis was evoked upon EGLP treatment, which was assayed using flow cytometry. The results indicated that EGLP may induce apoptosis in human colon cancer cell (HCT-116) cells via the upregulation of BCL-2 associated X protein (Bax), phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases (P-ERK), and cleaved caspase-3 expression and downregulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), phospho-serine/threonine kinase 1 (p-Akt1), and cyclo-oxygen-ase (COX-2) expression. The obtained findings indicated EGLP as a new therapeutic agent in fighting CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing hui Bai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
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16
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Yang C, Hu C, Zhang H, Chen W, Deng Q, Tang H, Huang F. Optimation for preparation of oligosaccharides from flaxseed gum and evaluation of antioxidant and antitumor activities in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 153:1107-1116. [PMID: 31756466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Flaxseed oligosaccharides (FGOS) were prepared by degradation of flaxseed gum (FG) using enzymatic method. Factors affecting the enzymatic hydrolysis of FG were investigated by single factor and orthogonal tests. In the optimum hydrolysis conditions (reaction time 12 h, temperature 50 °C, pH 4.5, cellulase concentration 100 U/mL), the reducing sugar ratio and extraction yield of FGOS were 33.6 ± 0.35% and 56.8 ± 0.41%, respectively. The average molecular weight of FGOS was about 1.6 kDa, which consists of mannose, galactose, glucose, arabinose, glucuronic acid, xylose, rhamnose, ribose, galacturonic acid. Fourier-transform infrared spectra and NMR indicated that FG was successfully degraded to FGOS. FGOS exhibited better antioxidant activities than FG on scavenging hydroxyl, ABTS and DPPH radicals. In vitro cytotoxicities experiments reveal FGOS acquire the ability of antiproliferation against HepG2 and Hela cells in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Chao Hu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wenchao Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hu Tang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China
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17
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Delineating thermophilic xylanase from Bacillus licheniformis DM5 towards its potential application in xylooligosaccharides production. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:34. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2605-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Xing Z, Sun F, He W, Wang Z, Song X, Zhang F. Downregulation of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 39 suppresses the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5443-5450. [PMID: 29556295 PMCID: PMC5844003 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 39 (USP39) has been reported to participate in the mitotic spindle checkpoint and the process of cytokinesis. and has been identified as a therapeutic target for various types of cancer. However, the effect of USP39 in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been investigated. To explore the functional role of USP39 in CRC cell growth, lentivirus-mediated RNA interference was applied to inhibit USP39 expression in SW1116 and HCT116 cells. The relative USP39 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly reduced in the USP39 knockdown cells, as verified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. USP39 knockdown significantly reduced the proliferation and colony formation abilities of CRC cells, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phases, as determined by an MTT assay, a colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that USP39 knockdown may have induced apoptosis through the upregulation of p53, p-p53, PARP and caspase-3 expression in SW1116 cells. In conclusion, USP39 may be a novel biological marker for targeted therapy against CRC, and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Xing
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Fengbo Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qingdao Haici Medical Group, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Wang He
- Department of Hepatopathy, Qingdao Sixth People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuqi Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Fengjuan Zhang
- Department of Infection, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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19
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Zou P, Yuan S, Yang X, Zhai X, Wang J. Chitosan oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization 2–6 induces apoptosis in human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 279:129-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Sun L, Sun J, Meng Y, Yang X, Guo Y. Purification, Characterization, Antioxidant and Antitumour Activities of Polysaccharides from Apple Peel Pomace Obtained by Pre-pressing Separation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2016-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purification, characterization, in vitro antioxidant and antitumour activities of polysaccharides from apple peel pomace obtained by pre-pressing separation were investigated. Apple peel polysaccharides (APP) were obtained by water extraction and ethanol precipitation. They were further purified by chromatography of Cellulose DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-150 to obtain three fractions (APP-1, APP-2 and APP-3). Both GC-MS and HPLC analysis showed that galactose and arabinose were two main components in the three fractions with an average molecular weight of 197 kDa, 395 kDa and 303 kDa, respectively. Uronic acids were only presented in APP-2 and APP-3, which were further confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Besides, the results showed that the antioxidant activity measured by ferric-reducing power and scavenging of O2•−, DPPH• and OH• and the antitumour activity examined by HepG2 cells were connected with the content of uronic acids. These findings provide scientific basis for comprehensive utilization of apple peel pomace.
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21
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Lin ST, Tu SH, Yang PS, Hsu SP, Lee WH, Ho CT, Wu CH, Lai YH, Chen MY, Chen LC. Apple Polyphenol Phloretin Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth via Inhibition of the Type 2 Glucose Transporter and Activation of p53-Mediated Signaling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6826-6837. [PMID: 27538679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are required for glucose uptake in malignant cells, and they can be used as molecular targets for cancer therapy. An RT-PCR analysis was performed to investigate the mRNA levels of 14 subtypes of GLUTs in human colorectal cancer (COLO 205 and HT-29) and normal (FHC) cells. RT-PCR (n = 27) was used to assess the differences in paired tissue samples (tumor vs normal) isolated from colorectal cancer patients. GLUT2 was detected in all tested cells. The average GLUT2 mRNA level in 12 of 27 (44.4%) cases was 2.4-fold higher in tumor compared to normal tissues (*, p = 0.027). Higher GLUT2 mRNA expression was preferentially detected in advanced-stage tumors (stage 0 vs 3 = 16.38-fold, 95% CI = 9.22-26.54-fold; *, p = 0.029). The apple polyphenol phloretin (Ph) and siRNA methods were used to inhibit GLUT2 protein expression. Ph (0-100 μM, for 24 h) induced COLO 205 cell growth cycle arrest in a p53-dependent manner, which was confirmed by pretreatment of the cells with a p53-specific dominant negative expression vector. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 (HNF6), which was previously reported to be a transcription factor that activates GLUT2 and p53, was also induced by Ph (0-100 μM, for 24 h). The antitumor effect of Ph (25 mg/kg or DMSO twice a week for 6 weeks) was demonstrated in vivo using BALB/c nude mice bearing COLO 205 tumor xenografts. In conclusion, targeting GLUT2 could potentially suppress colorectal tumor cell invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Tsai Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital , New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Tu
- TMU Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Breast Medical Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Sheng Yang
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College , New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Nursing and Management, Mackay Junior College of Medicine , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Po Hsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institue of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital , Jhonghe City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Chih-Hsiung Wu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, En Chu Kong Hospital , New Taipei City 237, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Lai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital , New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yao Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital , New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- TMU Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Breast Medical Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Delphi L, Sepehri H, Khorramizadeh MR, Mansoori F. Pectic-Oligoshaccharides from Apples Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in MDA-MB-231 Cells, a Model of Human Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016. [PMID: 26225664 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.13.5265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of plant products on cancer cells has become a field of major importance. Many substancesmay induce apoptosis in anti-cancer treatment. Pectins, a family of complex polysaccharides, and their degradation products may for exasmple exert apoptotic effects in cancer cells. Apples and citrus fruits are the main sources of pectin which can be applied for anti-cancer research. The present study concerned an intact form of pectic-oligoshaccharide named pectic acid (poly galactronic acid). MATERIALS AND METHODS Inhibition of cell proliferation assays (MTT), light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy (acridin orange/ethidium bromide), DNA fragmentation tests, cell cycle analysis, annexin PI and Western blotting methods were applied to evaluate apoptosis. RESULTS The results indicated that pectic acid inhibited cell growth and reduced cell attachment after 24h incubation. This did not appear to be due to necrosis, since morphological features of apoptosis were detected with AO/EB staining and cell cycling was blocked in the sub-G1 phase. Annexin/PI and DNA fragmentation findings indicated that apoptosis frequency increased after 24h incubation with pectic acid. In addition, the data showed pectic acid induced caspase-dependent apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that apple pectic acid without any modification could trigger apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells and has potential to improve cancer treatment as a natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Delphi
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran E-mail :
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23
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Kothari D, Goyal A. Gentio-oligosaccharides from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1426 dextransucrase as prebiotics and as a supplement for functional foods with anti-cancer properties. Food Funct 2016; 6:604-11. [PMID: 25524369 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00802b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gentio-oligosaccharides (GnOS) were synthesized by the acceptor reaction of dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1426 with gentiobiose and sucrose. GnOS were purified by gel permeation chromatography using a Bio-Gel P-2 column and identified by mass spectrometry. The purified GnOS (degree of polymerization ≥3) were investigated for their in vitro prebiotic and cytotoxic activity. GnOS exhibited a significantly lower degree of digestibility of 18.1% by simulated human gastric juice (pH 1.0) and 7.1% by human α-amylase (pH 7.0) after 6 h, whereas inulin, a standard prebiotic, showed 39.7% and 12.8% of digestibility, respectively. The prebiotic score showed that GnOS significantly supported the growth of probiotics such as Bifidobacterium infantis and Lactobacillus acidophilus and was comparable to that of inulin. The selective inhibitory effect of GnOS on human colon carcinoma (HT-29) cells revealed its potential as an anti-cancer agent that can serve as a functional food additive for the benefit of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damini Kothari
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India.
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24
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Davidson KT, Zhu Z, Fang Y. Phytochemicals in the Fight Against Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2016; 22:655-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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25
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Peng Y, Han B, Liu W, Zhou R. Deproteinization and structural characterization of bioactive exopolysaccharides fromGanoderma sinensemycelium. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2015.1086375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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26
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Jianpi Huayu Decoction Inhibits Proliferation in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells (SW480) by Inducing G0/G1-Phase Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:236506. [PMID: 26457107 PMCID: PMC4589617 DOI: 10.1155/2015/236506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Jianpi Huayu Decoction (JHD), a Chinese medicine formula, is a typical prescription against multiple tumors in the clinical treatment, which can raise quality of life and decrease complications. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of JHD against human colorectal carcinoma cells (SW480) and explore its mechanism. MTT assay showed that JHD decreased the cellular viability of SW480 cells in dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that JHD induced G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest in SW480 cells and had a strong apoptosis-inducing effect on SW480 cells. Meanwhile it enhanced the expression of p27, cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax and decreased the levels of PARP, caspase-3, Bcl-2, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin D3, and cyclin E1, which was evidenced by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. In conclusion, these results indicated that JHD inhibited proliferation in SW480 cells by inducing G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, providing a practicaltherapeutic strategy against colorectal cancer.
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27
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Ghosh A, Verma AK, Tingirikari JR, Shukla R, Goyal A. Recovery and purification of oligosaccharides from copra meal by recombinant endo-β-mannanase and deciphering molecular mechanism involved and its role as potent therapeutic agent. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 57:111-27. [PMID: 25260892 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-014-9807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Production of manno-oligosaccharides (MOSs) from pretreated and defatted copra meal (dFCO) hydrolysis was achieved by endo-mannanase. Structural characterization of dFCO by FT-IR and NMR exhibited resemblance with galactomannan. The time-dependent hydrolysis of dFCO by recombinant endo-β-(1 → 4)-mannanase of Clostridium thermocellum by TLC and HPAEC displayed the release of mannose and MOSs mannobiose and mannotriose. Purified MOSs yielded 40 % mannobiose and 18 % mannotriose confirmed by mass spectroscopy which showed mannobiose (m/z = 365) and mannotriose (m/z = 527). The homology based structural analysis of catalytic endo-mannanase (CtManT) showed the catalytic core composed of Glu181 and Glu300 acting as acid/base and Glu288 as a nucleophile during galactomannan hydrolysis. Sub-site mapping of CtManT exhibited two aglycone and four glycone sites at cleavage sites existing on either side of β-(1 → 4)-linkage of galactomannan. Isolated MOSs displayed potential prebiotic characteristics and supported higher growth of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium infantis than with standard inulin. Moreover, MOSs displayed over 97 % tolerance to simulated gastric juice, intestinal fluid, and α-amylase proving its potential as a stable prebiotic over inulin. In vitro cytotoxicity assay of MOSs (500 µg/mL) on human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29) demonstrated 60 % decreased viability of cells after 48 h displaying anti-tumorigenic property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arabinda Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India,
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28
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Hussain A, Sharma C, Khan S, Shah K, Haque S. Aloe vera Inhibits Proliferation of Human Breast and Cervical Cancer Cells and Acts Synergistically with Cisplatin. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:2939-46. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.7.2939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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29
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A new prenylated indole diketopiperazine alkaloid from Eurotium cristatum. Molecules 2014; 19:17839-47. [PMID: 25372398 PMCID: PMC6271712 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191117839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A new prenylated indole diketopiperazine alkaloid, cristatumin F (1), and four known metabolites, echinulin (2), dehydroechinulin (3), neoechinulin A (4) and variecolorin O (5), were isolated from the crude extract of the fungus Eurotium cristatum. The structure of 1 was elucidated primarily by NMR and MS methods. The absolute configuration of 1 was assigned using Marfey’s method applied to its acid hydrolyzate. Cristatumin F (1) showed modest radical scavenging activity against DPPH radicals, and exhibited marginal attenuation of 3T3L1 pre-adipocytes.
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Kalinowska M, Bielawska A, Lewandowska-Siwkiewicz H, Priebe W, Lewandowski W. Apples: content of phenolic compounds vs. variety, part of apple and cultivation model, extraction of phenolic compounds, biological properties. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 84:169-188. [PMID: 25282014 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Apples are among the most popular fruits in the world. They are rich in phenolic compounds, pectin, sugar, macro- and microelements. Applying different extraction techniques it is possible to isolate a particular group of compounds or individual chemicals and then test their biological properties. Many reports point to the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer and many other beneficial effects of apple components that may have potential applications in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This paper summarizes and compiles information about apple phenolic compounds, their biological properties with particular emphasis on health-related aspects. The data are reviewed with regard to different apple varieties, part of apple, cultivation model and methods of extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kalinowska
- Division of Chemistry, Bialystok University of Technology, 29 Zamenhofa Str., 15-435 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Bielawska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 2B Mickiewicza Str., 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Hanna Lewandowska-Siwkiewicz
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, 16 Dorodna Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Włodzimierz Lewandowski
- Division of Chemistry, Bialystok University of Technology, 29 Zamenhofa Str., 15-435 Bialystok, Poland
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Rabetafika HN, Bchir B, Blecker C, Richel A. Fractionation of apple by-products as source of new ingredients: Current situation and perspectives. Trends Food Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sudan S, Rupasinghe HPV. Flavonoid-enriched apple fraction AF4 induces cell cycle arrest, DNA topoisomerase II inhibition, and apoptosis in human liver cancer HepG2 cells. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:1237-46. [PMID: 25256427 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.951733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Apples are a major source of dietary phytochemicals such as flavonoids in the Western diet. Here we report anticancer properties and possible mechanism of action of apple flavonoid-enriched fraction (AF4) isolated from the peels of Northern Spy apples in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, HepG2. Treatment with AF4 induced cell growth inhibition in HepG2 cells in time- and dose-dependent manner. Concentration of 50 μg/ml (50 μg total monomeric polyphenols/ml) AF4 was sufficient to induce a significant reduction in cell viability within 6 h of treatment (92%, P < 0.05) but had very low toxicity (minimum 4% to maximum 16%) on primary liver and lung cells, which was significantly lower than currently prescribed chemotherapy drug Sorafenib (minimum 29% to maximum 49%, P < 0.05). AF4 induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells within 6 h of treatment via activation of caspase-3. Cell cycle analysis via flow-cytometer showed that AF4 induced G2/M phase arrest. Further, results showed that AF4 acts as a strong DNA topoisomerase II catalytic inhibitor, which may be a plausible reason to drive the cells to apoptosis. Overall, our data suggests that AF4 possesses a significantly stronger antiproliferative and specific action than Sorafenib in vitro and is a potential natural chemotherapy agent for treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Sudan
- a Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture , Dalhousie University , Truro , Nova Scotia , Canada
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Kothari D, Patel S, Goyal A. Therapeutic Spectrum of Nondigestible Oligosaccharides: Overview of Current State and Prospect. J Food Sci 2014; 79:R1491-8. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damini Kothari
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Indian Inst. of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati 781 039 Assam India
| | - Seema Patel
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center; San Diego State Univ; San Diego 92182 CA U.S.A
| | - Arun Goyal
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Indian Inst. of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati 781 039 Assam India
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Liu H, Zhou L, Shi S, Wang Y, Ni X, Xiao F, Wang S, Li P, Ding K. Oligosaccharide G19 inhibits U-87 MG human glioma cells growth in vitro and in vivo by targeting epidermal growth factor (EGF) and activating p53/p21 signaling. Glycobiology 2014; 24:748-65. [PMID: 24799378 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
G19 is a novel homogeneous sulfated oligosaccharide, prepared from Grateloupia filicina. In the present study, we first reported that oligosaccharide G19 exhibited a dose- and time-dependent anti-proliferation effect against U-87 malignant gliomas (MG) human glioma cells. Further studies indicated that G19 strongly bound to epidermal growth factor (EGF), suppressed EGF receptor phosphorylation and interrupted the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt pathway in the cancer cells. Moreover, G19 elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and caused endogenous DNA damage. These actions were associated with activation of ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated/checkpoint kinase 2 pathway. The downregulation of MDM2 with stabilizing p53 and the nuclear location of p21 were induced by G19 to cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis to some extent. Meanwhile, intrinsic mitochondrial pathway and extrinsic death receptor pathway were involved in G19-mediated apoptosis. Pretreatment with free radical scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine nearly completely inversed G19-induced cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in U-87 MG cells. Importantly, G19 could inhibit the growth of U-87 MG tumor cells xenograft in nude mice. The results suggested that G19 could be served as a new targeting drug candidate for human glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China Glycobiology and Glycochemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China Glycobiology and Glycochemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Songshan Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Glycobiology and Glycochemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinyan Ni
- Glycobiology and Glycochemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Glycobiology and Glycochemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shunchun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kan Ding
- Glycobiology and Glycochemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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