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Pradhan D, Biswasroy P, Ramchandani M, Pradhan DK, Bhola RK, Goyal A, Ghosh G, Rath G. Development, characterization, and evaluation of withaferin-A and artesunate-loaded pH-responsive acetal-dextran polymeric nanoparticles for the management of malaria. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133220. [PMID: 38897506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Artemisinin and its derivatives have been commonly used to treat malaria. However, the emergence of resistance against artemisinin derivatives has posed a critical challenge in malaria management. In the present study, we have proposed a combinatorial approach, utilizing pH-responsive acetal-dextran nanoparticles (Ac-Dex NPs) as carriers for the delivery of withaferin-A (WS-3) and artesunate (Art) to improve treatment efficacy of malaria. The optimized WS-3 and Art Ac-Dex NPs demonstrated enhanced pH-responsive release profiles under parasitophorous mimetic conditions (pH 5.5). Computational molecular modeling reveals that Ac-Dex's polymeric backbone strongly interacts with merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1), preventing erythrocyte invasion. In-vitro antimalarial activity of drug-loaded Ac-Dex NPs reveals a 1-1.5-fold reduction in IC50 values compared to pure drug against the 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Treatment with WS-3 Ac-Dex NPs (100 mg/kg) and Art Ac-Dex NPs (30 mg/kg) to Plasmodium berghei-infected mice resulted in 78.11 % and 100 % inhibition of parasitemia. Notably, the combination therapy comprised of Art and WS-3 Ac-Dex NPs achieved complete inhibition of parasitemia even at a half dose of Art, indicating the synergistic potential of the combinations. However, further investigations are necessary to confirm the safety and effectiveness of WS-3 and Art Ac-Dex NPs for their successful clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Pradhan
- Department of Herbal Nanotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Prativa Biswasroy
- Department of Herbal Nanotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Manish Ramchandani
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Medicine, Pandit Raghunath Murmu Medical College and Hospital, Baripada, Odisha, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Bhola
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Goyal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, Rajasthan, India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Department of Herbal Nanotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Goutam Rath
- Department of Herbal Nanotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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AlGabbani Q. Nanotechnology: A promising strategy for the control of parasitic infections. Exp Parasitol 2023:108548. [PMID: 37196702 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Annually 3.5 billion people are affected by the parasitic infections that results around 200,000 deaths per annum. Major diseases occur due to the neglected tropical parasites. Variety of methods have been used to treat the parasitic infections but now these methods have become ineffective due to the development of resistance in the parasites and some other side effects of traditional treatment methods. Previous methods include use of chemotherapeutic agents and ethnobotanicals for the treatment of parasites. Parasites have developed resistance against the chemotherapeutic agents. A major problem related to Ethnobotanicals is the unequal availability of drug at the target site which is responsible for the low efficacy of drug. Nanotechnology technology involves the manipulation of matter on a nanoscale level and has the potential to enhance the efficacy and safety of existing drugs, develop new treatments, and improve diagnostic methods for parasitic infections. Nanoparticles can be designed to selectively target parasites while minimizing toxicity to the host, and they can also be used to improve drug delivery and increase drug stability. Some important nanotechnology-based tools for parasitic control include nanoparticle-based drug delivery, nanoparticle diagnostics, nanoparticle vaccines, nanoparticle insecticides. Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the field of parasitic control by providing new methods for detection, prevention and treatment of parasitic infections. This review discusses the current state of nanotechnology-based approaches for controlling parasitic infections and highlights their potential to revolutionize the field of parasitology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qwait AlGabbani
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
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Barreto FC, da Silva MKL, Cesarino I. Copper Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide as an Electrode Modifier for the Development of an Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Chloroquine Phosphate Determination. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091436. [PMID: 37176981 PMCID: PMC10180146 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the use of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as an electrode modifier for the determination of chloroquine phosphate (CQP). The synthetized rGO-CuNPs composite was morphologically characterized using scanning electron microscopy and electrochemically characterized using cyclic voltammetry. The parameters were optimized and the developed electrochemical sensor was applied in the determination of CQP using square-wave voltammetry (SWV). The analytical range for the determination of CQP was 0.5 to 110 μmol L-1 (one of the highest linear ranges for CQP considering electrochemical sensors), with limits of detection and quantification of 0.23 and 0.78 μmol L-1, respectively. Finally, the glassy carbon (GC) electrode modified with rGO-CuNPs was used for quantification of CQP in tap water; a study was carried out with interferents using SWV and obtained great results. The use of rGO-CuNP material as an electrode modifier was thus shown to be a good alternative for the development of low-cost devices for CQP analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Contini Barreto
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil
| | - Martin Kássio Leme da Silva
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivana Cesarino
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil
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Kučuk N, Primožič M, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. Sustainable Biodegradable Biopolymer-Based Nanoparticles for Healthcare Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3188. [PMID: 36834596 PMCID: PMC9964453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymeric nanoparticles are gaining importance as nanocarriers for various biomedical applications, enabling long-term and controlled release at the target site. Since they are promising delivery systems for various therapeutic agents and offer advantageous properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and stability compared to various toxic metal nanoparticles, we decided to provide an overview on this topic. Therefore, the review focuses on the use of biopolymeric nanoparticles of animal, plant, algal, fungal, and bacterial origin as a sustainable material for potential use as drug delivery systems. A particular focus is on the encapsulation of many different therapeutic agents categorized as bioactive compounds, drugs, antibiotics, and other antimicrobial agents, extracts, and essential oils into protein- and polysaccharide-based nanocarriers. These show promising benefits for human health, especially for successful antimicrobial and anticancer activity. The review article, divided into protein-based and polysaccharide-based biopolymeric nanoparticles and further according to the origin of the biopolymer, enables the reader to select the appropriate biopolymeric nanoparticles more easily for the incorporation of the desired component. The latest research results from the last five years in the field of the successful production of biopolymeric nanoparticles loaded with various therapeutic agents for healthcare applications are included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Kučuk
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Primožič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Dextran Formulations as Effective Delivery Systems of Therapeutic Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031086. [PMID: 36770753 PMCID: PMC9920038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dextran is by far one of the most interesting non-toxic, bio-compatible macromolecules, an exopolysaccharide biosynthesized by lactic acid bacteria. It has been extensively used as a major component in many types of drug-delivery systems (DDS), which can be submitted to the next in-vivo testing stages, and may be proposed for clinical trials or pharmaceutical use approval. An important aspect to consider in order to maintain high DDS' biocompatibility is the use of dextran obtained by fermentation processes and with a minimum chemical modification degree. By performing chemical modifications, artefacts can appear in the dextran spatial structure that can lead to decreased biocompatibility or even cytotoxicity. The present review aims to systematize DDS depending on the dextran type used and the biologically active compounds transported, in order to obtain desired therapeutic effects. So far, pure dextran and modified dextran such as acetalated, oxidised, carboxymethyl, diethylaminoethyl-dextran and dextran sulphate sodium, were used to develop several DDSs: microspheres, microparticles, nanoparticles, nanodroplets, liposomes, micelles and nanomicelles, hydrogels, films, nanowires, bio-conjugates, medical adhesives and others. The DDS are critically presented by structures, biocompatibility, drugs loaded and therapeutic points of view in order to highlight future therapeutic perspectives.
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Chaves JB, Portugal Tavares de Moraes B, Regina Ferrarini S, Noé da Fonseca F, Silva AR, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF. Potential of nanoformulations in malaria treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:999300. [PMID: 36386185 PMCID: PMC9645116 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is caused by the protozoan Plasmodium sp and affects millions of people worldwide. Its clinical form ranges from asymptomatic to potentially fatal and severe. Current treatments include single drugs such as chloroquine, lumefantrine, primaquine, or in combination with artemisinin or its derivatives. Resistance to antimalarial drugs has increased; therefore, there is an urgent need to diversify therapeutic approaches. The disease cycle is influenced by biological, social, and anthropological factors. This longevity and complexity contributes to the records of drug resistance, where further studies and proposals for new therapeutic formulations are needed for successful treatment of malaria. Nanotechnology is promising for drug development. Preclinical formulations with antimalarial agents have shown positive results, but only a few have progressed to clinical phase. Therefore, studies focusing on the development and evaluation of antimalarial formulations should be encouraged because of their enormous therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Braga Chaves
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro—UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bianca Portugal Tavares de Moraes
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro—UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stela Regina Ferrarini
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso of Sinop Campus—UFMT, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Francisco Noé da Fonseca
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Parque Estação Biológica—PqEB, EMBRAPA, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Adriana Ribeiro Silva
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ—UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro—UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ—UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque,
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Rashidzadeh H, Tabatabaei Rezaei SJ, Danafar H, Ramazani A. Multifunctional pH-responsive nanogel for malaria and cancer treatment: Hitting two targets with one arrow. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bajwa HUR, Khan MK, Abbas Z, Riaz R, Rehman TU, Abbas RZ, Aleem MT, Abbas A, Almutairi MM, Alshammari FA, Alraey Y, Alouffi A. Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Their Role as Potential Drug Candidates for the Treatment of Parasitic Diseases. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050750. [PMID: 35629416 PMCID: PMC9145985 DOI: 10.3390/life12050750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protozoa, helminths and ectoparasites are the major groups of parasites distributed worldwide. Currently, these parasites are treated with chemotherapeutic antiprotozoal drugs, anti-helminthic and anti-ectoparasitic agents, but, with the passage of time, resistance to these drugs has developed due to overuse. In this scenario, nanoparticles are proving to be a major breakthrough in the treatment and control of parasitic diseases. In the last decade, there has been enormous development in the field of nanomedicine for parasitic control. Gold and silver nanoparticles have shown promising results in the treatments of various types of parasitic infections. These nanoparticles are synthesized through the use of various conventional and molecular technologies and have shown great efficacy. They work in different ways, that include damaging the parasite membrane, DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) disruption, protein synthesis inhibition and free-radical formation. These agents are effective against intracellular parasites as well. Other nanoparticles, such as iron, nickel, zinc and platinum, have also shown good results in the treatment and control of parasitic infections. It is hoped that this research subject will become the future of modern drug development. This review summarizes the methods that are used to synthesize nanoparticles and their possible mechanisms of action against parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Kasib Khan
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.K.K.); (Z.A.); (R.Z.A.)
| | - Zaheer Abbas
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.K.K.); (Z.A.); (R.Z.A.)
| | - Roshan Riaz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey;
| | - Tauseef ur Rehman
- Department of Parasitology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (T.u.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Rao Zahid Abbas
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.K.K.); (Z.A.); (R.Z.A.)
| | - Muhammad Tahir Aleem
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Asghar Abbas
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, MNS-University of Agriculture Multan, Multan 60650, Pakistan;
| | - Mashal M. Almutairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahdah Ayed Alshammari
- College of Sciences and Literature Microbiology, Arar Northern Border University, Arar 73211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yasser Alraey
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62217, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulaziz Alouffi
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (T.u.R.); (A.A.)
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Effect of hydroxychloroquine sulfate on the gelation behavior, water mobility and structure of gelatin. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022; 633:127849. [PMID: 34744314 PMCID: PMC8565095 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine sulfate (HCQ) is a well-established antimalarial drug that has received considerable attention during the COVID-19 associated pneumonia epidemic. Gelatin is a multifunctional biomacromolecule with pharmaceutical applications and can be used to deliver HCQ. The effect of HCQ on the gelation behaviors, water mobility, and structure of gelatin was investigated to understand the interaction between the drug and its delivery carrier. The gel strength, hardness, gelling (Tg) and melting (Tm) temperatures, gelation rate (kgel), and water mobility of gelatin decreased with increasing amounts of HCQ. The addition of HCQ led to hydrogen bonding that interfered with triple helix formation in gelatin. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis further confirmed that the interaction between HCQ and gelatin is primarily through hydrogen bonding. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that higher content of HCQ resulted in more and larger aggregates in gelatin. These results provide not only an important understanding of gelatin for drug delivery design but also a basis for the studying interactions between a drug and its delivery carrier.
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Tammam SN, El Safy S, Ramadan S, Arjune S, Krakor E, Mathur S. Repurpose but also (nano)-reformulate! The potential role of nanomedicine in the battle against SARS-CoV2. J Control Release 2021; 337:258-284. [PMID: 34293319 PMCID: PMC8289726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has taken the world by surprise. To date, a worldwide approved treatment remains lacking and hence in the context of rapid viral spread and the growing need for rapid action, drug repurposing has emerged as one of the frontline strategies in the battle against SARS-CoV2. Repurposed drugs currently being evaluated against COVID-19 either tackle the replication and spread of SARS-CoV2 or they aim at controlling hyper-inflammation and the rampaged immune response in severe disease. In both cases, the target for such drugs resides in the lungs, at least during the period where treatment could still provide substantial clinical benefit to the patient. Yet, most of these drugs are administered systemically, questioning the percentage of administered drug that actually reaches the lung and as a consequence, the distribution of the remainder of the dose to off target sites. Inhalation therapy should allow higher concentrations of the drug in the lungs and lower concentrations systemically, hence providing a stronger, more localized action, with reduced adverse effects. Therefore, the nano-reformulation of the repurposed drugs for inhalation is a promising approach for targeted drug delivery to lungs. In this review, we critically analyze, what nanomedicine could and ought to do in the battle against SARS-CoV2. We start by a brief description of SARS-CoV2 structure and pathogenicity and move on to discuss the current limitations of repurposed antiviral and immune-modulating drugs that are being clinically investigated against COVID-19. This account focuses on how nanomedicine could address limitations of current therapeutics, enhancing the efficacy, specificity and safety of such drugs. With the appearance of new variants of SARS-CoV2 and the potential implication on the efficacy of vaccines and diagnostics, the presence of an effective therapeutic solution is inevitable and could be potentially achieved via nano-reformulation. The presence of an inhaled nano-platform capable of delivering antiviral or immunomodulatory drugs should be available as part of the repertoire in the fight against current and future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma N. Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt,Corresponding author
| | - Sara El Safy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahenda Ramadan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sita Arjune
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Krakor
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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Anamika J, Nikhar V, Laxmikant G, Priya S, Sonal V, Vyas SP. Nanobiotechnological modules as molecular target tracker for the treatment and prevention of malaria: options and opportunity. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 10:1095-1110. [PMID: 32378173 PMCID: PMC7223109 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is one of the major infectious diseases that remains a constant challenge to human being mainly due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains of parasite and also the availability of drugs, which are non-specific for their pharmacodynamic activity and known to be associated with multiple side effects. The disease has acquired endemic proportions in tropical countries where the hygienic conditions are not satisfactory while the environmental conditions favor the proliferation of parasite and its transmission, particularly through the female anopheles. It is obvious that to square up the problems, there is a need for designing and development of more effective drugs, which can combat the drug-resistant strains of the parasite. Molecular biology of the parasite and its homing into host cellular tropics provide multiple drug targets that could judiciously be considered for engineering and designing of new generation antimalarial drugs and also drug delivery systems. Though the recent reports document that against malaria parasite the vaccine could be developed, nevertheless, due to smart mutational change overs by the parasite, it is able to bypass the immune surveillance. The developed vaccine therefore failed to assure absolute protection against the malarial infection. In the conventional mode of treatment antimalarial drugs, the dose and dosage regimen that is followed at large crops up the contraindicative manifestations, and hence compromising the effective treatment. The emerging trends and new updates in contemporary biological sciences, material sciences, and drug delivery domain have enabled us with the availability of a multitude of mode and modules which could plunge upon the nanotechnology in particular to treat this challenging infection. The nanotechnology-based option may be tuned or customized as per the requirements to mark and target i.e. the infected RBCs, for targeted drug delivery. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jain Anamika
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., 470003, India
| | - Vishwakarma Nikhar
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., 470003, India
| | - Gautam Laxmikant
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., 470003, India
| | - Shrivastava Priya
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., 470003, India
| | - Vyas Sonal
- Department of Pathology, Index Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, M.P., India
| | - S P Vyas
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., 470003, India.
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Martins YA, Gonçalves TM, Lopez RFV. HPLC methods for choloroquine determination in biological samples and pharmaceutical products. Daru 2021; 29:223-239. [PMID: 33738722 PMCID: PMC8149527 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Review and assess pharmaceutical and clinical characteristics of chloroquine including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based methods used to quantify the drug in pharmaceutical products and biological samples. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A literature review was undertaken on the PubMed, Science Direct, and Scielo databases using the following keywords related to the investigated subject: 'chloroquine', 'analytical methods', and 'HPLC'. RESULTS For more than seven decades, chloroquine has been used to treat malaria and some autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. There is growing interest in chloroquine as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of HIV, Q fever, Whipple's disease, fungal, Zika, Chikungunya infections, Sjogren's syndrome, porphyria, chronic ulcerative stomatitis, polymorphic light eruption, and different types of cancer. HPLC coupled to UV detectors is the most employed method to quantify chloroquine in pharmaceutical products and biological samples. The main chromatographic conditions used to identify and quantify chloroquine from tablets and injections, degradation products, and metabolites are presented and discussed. CONCLUSION Research findings reported in this article may facilitate the repositioning, quality control, and biological monitoring of chloroquine in modern pharmaceutical dosage forms and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Araújo Martins
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (FCFRP-USP), Avenida do Café, s/n, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Talita Mota Gonçalves
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Avenida José de Sá Maniçoba, s/n, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56304-917, Brazil
| | - Renata F V Lopez
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (FCFRP-USP), Avenida do Café, s/n, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
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Assaba IM, Rahali S, Belhocine Y, Allal H. Inclusion complexation of chloroquine with α and β-cyclodextrin: Theoretical insights from the new B97-3c composite method. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Hao X, Li W. Chloroquine diphosphate suppresses liver cancer via inducing apoptosis in Wistar rats using interventional therapy. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:233. [PMID: 33613722 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. To date, neither current ablation therapy nor chemotherapy are considered ideal in improving the outcome of liver cancer. Therefore, more effective therapies for treating this devastating disease are urgently required. Interventional therapy has been used for numerous years in the treatment of different types of cancer, and is characterized by the direct delivery of anticancer drugs into the tumor. It has been reported that antimalarial chloroquine diphosphate (CQ) exerts effective anticancer activity against several types of cancer. However, its effect on liver cancer remains unclear. Therefore, in the present study, 2D monolayer cell culture and 3D spheroid in vitro models, and a rat model, were utilized to investigate the effect of CQ on liver cancer. CQ demonstrated an effective anticancer effect on HepG2 cells and 3D liver spheroids. Furthermore, the drug significantly inhibited cell growth and viability in the 2D and 3D in vitro models. The CQ-based intervention treatment effectively attenuated tumor size and weight, increased food intake and consumption of drinking water, and improved body weight and survival rate of rats in the in vivo model. In addition, treatment with CQ potently increased the expression levels of the apoptosis-related genes. Taken together, the findings of the present study may provide a novel insight into the development of safe and effective treatments for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Hao
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Weijing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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15
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Kumar M, Madan J, Sodhi RK, Singh SB, Katyal A. Decoding the silent walk of COVID-19: Halting its spread using old bullets. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:110891. [PMID: 33227700 PMCID: PMC7572089 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) develops within 3-14 days when CoV2 invades epithelial, myeloid cells in the nasopharynx and pneumocytes in the respiratory tract through angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE2). Infection swiftly disseminates to gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, renal organs as well as immune system to deregulate their normal functioning through unique and distinct mechanisms. The health system and economy has been intensely thwarted by the rapid spread and exorbitant mortality caused by COVID-19 disease across the globe. The acute progression of the disease and high infection rate pose an enormous challenge for its therapeutic management and critical care. The viral structure, genome and proteome have been deciphered which yielded cues for targeting already available therapeutic entities. More than 200 compounds have been screened and till date approximately 69 therapeutic agents are undergoing clinical trials across the world. Among these, remedesivir (RMD), chloroquine (CQ), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), noscapine (NOS) and heparin have demonstrated fairly promising results in preclinical and clinical studies. Recently, RMD has been approved by USFDA for the management of COVID 19. However, intense research is going on to screen and ace the 'magic bullets' for the management of SARS-CoV2 infection worldwide. The current review illustrates the plausible therapeutic targets in SARS-CoV2 important for inhibition of virus cycle. In addition, the role of RMD, CQ, HCQ, NOS and heparin in combating infection has been addressed. The importance of vitamin C and D supplements as adjunct therapies in the prevention of SARS-CoV2 virus infection have also been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- Dr. B.R Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur Sodhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anju Katyal
- Dr. B.R Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
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16
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Lei ZN, Wu ZX, Dong S, Yang DH, Zhang L, Ke Z, Zou C, Chen ZS. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of malaria and repurposing in treating COVID-19. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 216:107672. [PMID: 32910933 PMCID: PMC7476892 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have been commonly used for the treatment and prevention of malaria, and the treatment of autoimmune diseases for several decades. As their new mechanisms of actions are identified in recent years, CQ and HCQ have wider therapeutic applications, one of which is to treat viral infectious diseases. Since the pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), CQ and HCQ have been subjected to a number of in vitro and in vivo tests, and their therapeutic prospects for COVID-19 have been proposed. In this article, the applications and mechanisms of action of CQ and HCQ in their conventional fields of anti-malaria and anti-rheumatism, as well as their repurposing prospects in anti-virus are reviewed. The current trials and future potential of CQ and HCQ in combating COVID-19 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Shaowei Dong
- Key Laboratory of medical electrophysiology of education ministry, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, China,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Litu Zhang
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chang Zou
- Key Laboratory of medical electrophysiology of education ministry, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, China; Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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17
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EJEROMEDOGHENE O, ODERİNDE O, EGEJURU G, ADEWUYİ S. Chitosan-drug encapsulation as a potential candidate for COVID-19 drug delivery systems: A review. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.773780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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18
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Yue J, He L, Tang Y, Yang L, Wu B, Ni J. Facile design and development of photoluminescent graphene quantum dots grafted dextran/glycol-polymeric hydrogel for thermoresponsive triggered delivery of buprenorphine on pain management in tissue implantation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 197:111530. [PMID: 31279287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel nano-formulations of biocompatible, biodegradable and thermo-responsive graphene quantum dots (GQDs) loaded dextran/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (Dex/PNIPAM) copolymeric matrix was synthesized and analyzed the materials characterization, sustained drug delivery system, tissue feasibility in the tissue implantation site. This research report was aimed to grafting and functionalizing thermo-responsive (Dex/PNIPAM) copolymeric composite with presence of graphene quantum dots to achieve thermal responsive drug delivery (TrDD) with no harm effect in the implantation site. The synthesized GQD by using ionic liquid were evaluated by spectroscopic (DLS, PL, XRD and Raman spectroscopy) and Transmission electron microscopic analysis (TEM). The ultra-small GQDs loaded Dex/PNIPAM and was appeared to be asymmetric and open uniform porous structure, which can be significantly favorable for cell uptake and greatly influenced to be an effective drug carrier into the cellular compartment with good fluid flow. The PNIPAM polymeric composite were exhibited sustained and enhanced drug release percentages with increasing temperature at above low critical solution temperature (LCST) is 39 °C comparable to the cumulative drug release profile of below LCST (32 °C), which demonstrated that thermo-responsive polymer was played a significant role in the delivery system. The treated group of GQDs-Dex/PNIPAM was observed that no inflammation and shows noteworthy stromal cell infiltration, demonstrating that the synthesized drug carriers did not harm to the nerves and tissues and only was responsible for the pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianning Yue
- Department of Pain Management, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Liangliang He
- Department of Pain Management, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuanzhang Tang
- Department of Pain Management, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Liqiang Yang
- Department of Pain Management, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Baishan Wu
- Department of Pain Management, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jiaxiang Ni
- Department of Pain Management, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng, Beijing 100053, China
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Nagpal M, Kaur M, Sharma D, Baldi A, Chandra R, Madan J. Optimization of sulfation of okra fruit gum for improved rheological and pharmacological properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 122:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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