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Cao Y, Tan X, Shen J, Liu F, Xu Y, Chen Y, Zhou S, Qiu T, Li D, Zhao Q, Zhao K. Morinda Officinalis-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles: Anti-osteoporosis effect by regulating MAPK signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155628. [PMID: 38663117 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a systemic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and microstructural damage. Morinda Officinalis (MO) contains various components with anti-PMOP activities. Morinda Officinalis-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles (MOEVLPs) are new active components isolated from MO, and no relevant studies have investigated their anti-osteoporosis effect and mechanism. PURPOSE To investigate the alleviating effect of MOEVLPs on PMOP and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Differential centrifugation and ultracentrifugation were used to isolate MOEVLPs from MO. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flow nano analyzer, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), agarose gel electrophoresis, and thin-layer chromatography were employed to characterize MOEVLPs. PMOP mouse models were utilized to examine the anti-PMOP effect of MOEVLPs. H&E and immunohistochemical staining were used for drug safety and osteogenic effect assessment. Mouse embryo osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) were used in vitro experiments. CCK-8 kit, alizarin red staining, proteomic, bioinformatic analyses, and western blot were used to explore the mechanism of MOEVLPs. RESULTS In this study, MOEVLPs from MO were successfully isolated and characterized. Animal experiments demonstrated that MOEVLPs exhibited specific femur targeting, were non-toxic to the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and aorta, and possessed anti-PMOP properties. The ability of MOEVLPs to strengthen bone formation was better than that of alendronate. In vitro experiments, results revealed that MOEVLPs did not significantly enhance osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Instead, MOEVLPs promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses suggested that the proliferative effect of MOEVLPs was closely associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, particularly the altered expression of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (RSK1). Western blot results further confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION Our studies successfully isolated high-quality MOEVLPs and demonstrated that MOEVLPs can alleviate PMOP by promoting osteoblast proliferation through the MAPK pathway. MOEVLPs have the potential to become a novel and natural anti-PMOP drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cao
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China; Department of Medical Technology, Medical College of Shaoguan University, NO. 288, University Road, Zhenjiang District, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Tan
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Shen
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Fubin Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Xu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Chen
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Sirui Zhou
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxin Qiu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510378, People's Republic of China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510378, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kewei Zhao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510378, People's Republic of China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, NO.261 and 263, Longxi Avenue, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510378, People's Republic of China.
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Liu M, Wang C, Zhang H, Guo H, Kang L, Li H, Li K. A systematic review on polysaccharides from Morinda officinalis How: Advances in the preparation, structural characterization and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118090. [PMID: 38521432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Morinda officinalis How is called "Ba-Ji-Tian" in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which belongs to the genus Rubiaceae and is widely used for medicinal purposes in China and other eastern Asian countries. Morinda officinalis How polysaccharides (MOPs) are one of the key bioactive components, and have a variety of biological activities, such as antioxidation, antifatigue, enhanced immunity, antiosteoporosis, ect. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review is aimed at providing comprehensive information of the latest preparation technologies, structural characterization, and pharmacological effects of MOPs. A more in-depth research on the structure and clinical pharmacology of the MOPs was explored. It could lay a foundation for further investigate the pharmacological activities and guide the safe clinical practice of MOPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Web of Science, PubMed, Scifinder, Google Scholar, CNKI, Wanfang database, and other online database are used to search and collect the literature on extraction and separation methods, structural characterization, and pharmacological activities of MOPs publisher from 2004 to 2023. The key words are "Morinda officinalis polysaccharides", "extraction", "isolation", "purification" and "pharmacological effects". RESULTS Morinda officinalis has been widely used in tonifying the kidney yang since ancient times, and is famous for one of the "Four Southern Medicines" in China for the treatment of depression, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, infertility, fatigue and Alzheimer's disease. The active ingredients of Morinda officinalis that have been researched on the treatment of depression and osteoporosis are mostly polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. The content of polysaccharides varies with different methods of extraction, separation and purification. MOPs have a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, antifatigue, immunomodulatory, antiosteoporosis, and regulation of spermatogenesis activities. These pharmacological properties lay a foundation for the treatment of oxidative stress, osteoporosis, spermatogenic dysfunction, immunodeficiency, inflammation and other diseases with MOPs. CONCLUSIONS At present, MOPs have been applied in the treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy, varicocele, osteoporosis, because of its effects of enhancing immunity, improving reproduction and antioxidant. However, the structure-activity relationship of these effects are still not clear. The more deeply study could be conducted on the MOPs in the future. The toxicology and clinical pharmacology, as well as mechanism of action of MOPs were also needed to deeply studied and clarified. This paper could lay the foundation for the application and safety of MOPs in multifunctional foods and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Research Center for Special Processing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Research Center for Special Processing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Hui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Research Center for Special Processing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Le Kang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Research Center for Special Processing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Hongwei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Research Center for Special Processing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Kai Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Research Center for Special Processing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
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Qing C, Wu Y, Liu B, Wang C, Zeng Z. Ameliorative Effect of Morinda Officinalis Oligosaccharides on LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400506. [PMID: 38507138 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a disease characterized by extensive lung damage and rampant inflammation, with a high mortality rate and no effective treatments available. Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides (MOOs), derived from the root of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Morinda officinalis, known for its immune-boosting properties, presents a novel therapeutic possibility. To date, the impact of MOOs on ALI has not been explored. Our study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of MOOs against ALI and to uncover the underlying mechanisms through an integrated approach of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. We discovered that MOOs significantly mitigated the pathological damage and decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced ALI in mice. Complementary in vitro studies further demonstrated that MOOs effectively attenuated the M1 polarization induced by LPS. Network pharmacology analysis identified HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, and NF-κB as key overlapping targets within a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses elucidated the biological processes and signaling pathways implicated in MOOs' therapeutic action on ALI. Subsequently, molecular docking affirmed the binding of MOOs to the active sites of these identified targets. Corroborating these findings, our in vivo and in vitro experiments consistently demonstrated that MOOs significantly inhibited the LPS-induced upregulation of HSP90 and NF-κB. Collectively, these findings suggest that MOOs confer protection against ALI through a multi-target, multi-pathway mechanism, offering a promising new therapeutic strategy to mitigate this severe pulmonary condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qing
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
- Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission, Nanchang, 330000, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330096, China
| | - Yanrong Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Binbin Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
- Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Zhenguo Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
- Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission, Nanchang, 330000, China
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Cheng X, Jin S, Feng M, Miao Y, Dong Q, He B. The Role of Herbal Medicine in Modulating Bone Homeostasis. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:634-643. [PMID: 38333981 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266286931240201131724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and other bone diseases are a major public health concern worldwide. Current pharmaceutical treatments for bone disorders have limitations, driving interest in complementary herbal medicines that can help maintain bone health. This review summarizes the scientific evidence for medicinal herbs that modulate bone cell activity and improve bone mass, quality and strength. Herbs with osteogenic, anti-osteoporotic, and anti-osteoclastic effects are discussed, including compounds and mechanisms of action. Additionally, this review examines the challenges and future directions for translational research on herbal medicines for osteoporosis and bone health. While preliminary research indicates beneficial bone bioactivities for various herbs, rigorous clinical trials are still needed to verify therapeutic efficacy and safety. Further studies should also elucidate synergistic combinations, bioavailability of active phytochemicals, and precision approaches to match optimal herbs with specific etiologies of bone disease. Advancing evidence- based herbal medicines may provide novel alternatives for promoting bone homeostasis and treating skeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnan Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Shaanxi, University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, 710000, China
| | - Shanshan Jin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Shaanxi, University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, 710000, China
| | - Mingzhe Feng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yunfeng Miao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Shaanxi, University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, 710000, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
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Liu J, An J, Jiang N, Yang K, Guan C, Zhao N, Cheng J, Fu S, Ma C, Ma X, Tang X. Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit lipogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells by activating β-catenin. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 385:110721. [PMID: 37739048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) lineage differentiation leads to osteoporosis. Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides (CPPs) have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicines, due to their multiple pharmacological actions. However, little is known regarding their effects on BMSC differentiation. This study aimed to identify the effects and mechanisms of CPPs on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in rat BMSCs. An osteoporosis model was established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats through bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), and be applied to observe the effect of CPPs on osteoporosis in vivo. The ability of CPPs to affect rBMSC proliferation was determined using the CCK-8 assay, and the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs measured by ALP and Alizarin Red S staining. The adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs was measured by Oil Red O staining. The mRNA and protein levels related to osteogenesis and adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs were measured using qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Cellular immunofluorescence was used to detect cytokine expression and localisation in rBMSCs. We observed that CPPs ameliorated bone loss in OVX rats. CPPs considerably enhanced osteogenic differentiation by increasing ALP activity and the prevalence of mineralised nodules and promoting the mRNA and protein expression of osteogenic differentiation markers (RUNX2, COL I, ALP, and OPN). Furthermore, it inhibited the accumulation of lipid vesicles in the cytoplasm and the mRNA and protein expression levels of adipogenic differentiation markers (PPARγ and C/EBPα) in a concentration-dependent manner. Meanwhile, CPPs notably increased the mRNA and protein expression of β-catenin, the core protein of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, in a concentration-dependent manner. Adding DKK1, a mature inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, partially suppressed CPP-stimulated β-catenin activation, and reversed the acceleration of osteogenic differentiation and the inhibition of lipogenic differentiation. Our observations demonstrated CPPs ameliorate bone loss in OVX rats in vivo, and favour osteogenic differentiation while inhibit adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs in vitro. The findings suggested that CPPs could serve as functional foods for bone health, and have great potential for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jinyang An
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Na Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Conghui Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jianguo Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Songbo Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Chengxu Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiaoni Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu,730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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Luo Z, Che X, Han P, Chen Z, Chen Z, Chen J, Xiang S, Ding P. Physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveals the potential mechanism of Morinda officinalis How in response to freezing stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:507. [PMID: 37872484 PMCID: PMC10591367 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morinda officinalis How (MO) is a vine shrub distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, known as one of the "Four Southern Herbal Medicines" in China. The unclear responsive mechanism by which MO adapt to freezing stress limits progress in molecular breeding for MO freezing tolerance. RESULTS In this study, morphological, physiological and microstructure changes in MO exposed to -2℃ for 0 h, 3 h, 8 h and 24 h were comprehensively characterized. The results showed that freezing stress caused seedling dehydration, palisade cell and spongy mesophyll destruction. A significant increase in the content of proline, soluble protein and soluble sugars, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase was observed. Subsequently, we analyzed the transcriptomic changes of MO leaves at different times under freezing treatment by RNA-seq. A total of 24,498 unigenes were annotated and 3252 unigenes were identified as differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Most of these DEGs were annotated in starch and sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK signaling pathways. Family Enrichment analysis showed that the glucosyl/glucuronosyl transferases, oxidoreductase, chlorophyll a/b binding protein and calcium binding protein families were significantly enriched. We also characterized 7 types of transcription factors responding to freezing stress, among which the most abundant family was the MYBs, followed by the AP2/ERFs and NACs. Furthermore, 10 DEGs were selected for qRT-PCR analysis, which validated the reliability and accuracy of RNA-seq data. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide an overall view of the dynamic changes in physiology and insight into the molecular regulation mechanisms of MO in response to freezing stress. This study will lay a foundation for freezing tolerance molecular breeding and improving the quality of MO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoying Che
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Panpan Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zien Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinfang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Sishi Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ping Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Cai S, Chen Y, Chen J, Wei W, Pan J, Wu H. Rubiadin-1-methyl ether inhibits BECN1 transcription and Beclin1-dependent autophagy during osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting NF-κB p65 activation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1518-1526. [PMID: 37750211 PMCID: PMC10666728 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231198071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As an active substance isolated from the root of Morinda officinalis How., rubiadin-1-methyl ether (RBM), can improve osteoporosis due to its inhibition on osteoclastogenesis. Autophagy plays a key role in osteoclastogenesis. Our research aims to explore the relationship between RBM, autophagy, and osteoclastogenesis. Our results showed that RBM not only inhibited the differentiation level of osteoclasts and the proliferation ability of osteoclast precursors (OCPs), but also repressed the autophagic activity in OCPs (LC3 transformation and the number of autophagosomes observed by transmission electron microscopy). However, RBM-inhibited osteoclast differentiation and OCP autophagy (LC3 transformation and LC3-puncta formation) could be reversed by the application of TAT-Beclin1. Moreover, RBM administration reduced RANKL-induced p65 phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation in OCPs. In addition, the addition of RBM inhibited Beclin1 protein level and BECN1 (the gene form of Beclin1) mRNA level in OCPs increased by RANKL. Importantly, the reduction in the expression of BECN1 and Beclin1, LC3 transformation, and osteoclastic differentiation in OCPs caused by RBM were reversed by p65 overexpression. In conclusion, RBM may reduce the transcription of BECN1 by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, thereby inhibiting Beclin1-dependent autophagy and RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suizhen Cai
- Health Examination Center, The Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Yuyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Health Examination Center, The Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Wen Wei
- Health Examination Center, The Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Jinquan Pan
- Health Examination Center, The Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Haojie Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
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Zhao Q, Liu G, Liu F, Xie M, Zou Y, Wang S, Guo Z, Dong J, Ye J, Cao Y, Zheng L, Zhao K. An enzyme-based system for extraction of small extracellular vesicles from plants. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13931. [PMID: 37626167 PMCID: PMC10457285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived nanovesicles (NVs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the next generation of nanocarrier platforms for biotherapeutics and drug delivery. EVs exist not only in the extracellular space, but also within the cell wall. Due to the limitations of existing isolation methods, the EVs extraction efficiency is low, and a large amount of plant material is wasted, which is of concern for rare and expensive medicinal plants. We proposed and validated a novel method for isolation of plant EVs by enzyme degradation of the plant cell wall to release the EVs. The released EVs can easily be collected. The new method was used for extraction of EVs from the roots of Morinda officinalis (MOEVs). For comparison, nanoparticles from the roots (MONVs) were extracted using the grinding method. The new method yielded a greater amount of MOEVs, and the vesicles had a smaller diameter compared to MONVs. Both MOEVs and MONVs were readily absorbed by endothelial cells without cytotoxic effect and promoted the expression of miR-155. The promotion of miR-155 by MOEVs was dose-dependent. More importantly, we found that MOEVs and MONVs were enriched toward bone tissue. These results support our hypothesis that EVs in plants could be efficiently extracted by enzymatic cell wall digestion and confirm the potential of MOEVs as therapeutic agents and drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China
| | - Guilong Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China
| | - Fubin Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Manlin Xie
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanfang Zou
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, 519000, China
| | - Zhaodi Guo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaming Dong
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiali Ye
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Cao
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China.
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China.
| | - Kewei Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China.
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Selenium Nanoparticles Based on Morinda officinalis Polysaccharides: Characterization, Anti-Cancer Activities, and Immune-Enhancing Activities Evaluation In Vitro. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062426. [PMID: 36985397 PMCID: PMC10052065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, selenium nanoparticles have been drawing attention worldwide, and it is crucial to increase the stability of nano-Se. Morinda officinalis polysaccharides (MOP) are the main active component in Morinda officinalis radix. However, their low activity has limited their application. A novel selenium nanoparticle (Se-MOP) was prepared to solve these problems using MOP as a dispersant. The zeta potential was measured to evaluate the stability, and UV and ATR-FTIR were used to investigate the binding type of selenium and MOP. The morphology was observed by the TEM method. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect on five selected cancer cells (HepG2, MCF-7, AGS, PC9, and HCT8) was evaluated, showing remarkable inhibition of all five cancer cells. The mechanism of inhibition was also investigated by cell circle assay, and it was found that Se-MOP could induce cell circle G0/G1 phase arrest. Immune-enhancing activities were evaluated by measuring the proliferation and cytokines of mouse spleen lymphocytes in vitro and quantitative RT-PCR. The results indicated that single stimulation of Se-MOP and synergistic stimulation with PHA or LPS increased immune capacity and improved immune by increasing the expression of cytokines.
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10
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Duan Y, Su YT, Ren J, Zhou Q, Tang M, Li J, Li SX. Kidney tonifying traditional Chinese medicine: Potential implications for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1063899. [PMID: 36699069 PMCID: PMC9868177 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1063899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging global population is increasingly affected by osteoporosis (OP), which is one of the most significant threats to the elderly. Moreover, its prevention and treatment situations have become increasingly severe. Therefore, it is imperative to develop alternatives or complementary drugs for preventing and treating osteoporosis. Kidney tonifying traditional Chinese medicine (KTTCM) has been used for the treatment of osteoporosis for a long time. Pharmacological studies have shown that kidney tonifying traditional Chinese medicine can promote osteoblasts, inhibit osteoclasts, and regulate the level of estrogen and plays vital roles in stimulating osteogenesis, restraining adipogenesis of marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), regulating the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, and inhibiting oxidative stress. These effects are mediated by OPG/RANKL/RANK, BMP/Smads, MAPKs, and Wnt/β-catenin systems. To develop a safe, synergistic, effective, and homogenized TCM formula with robust scientific evidence to provide faster and more economical alternatives, the anti-osteoporosis ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of kidney tonifying traditional Chinese medicine are recapitulated from the perspective of molecular and cell biology, and the safety and toxicity of kidney tonifying traditional Chinese medicine have also been reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Duan
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Bioactive Substance Discovery of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,Hunan Province Sino-US International Joint Research Center for Therapeutic Drugs of Senile Degenerative Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Ting Su
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Bioactive Substance Discovery of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,Hunan Province Sino-US International Joint Research Center for Therapeutic Drugs of Senile Degenerative Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Hunan Province Sino-US International Joint Research Center for Therapeutic Drugs of Senile Degenerative Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Bioactive Substance Discovery of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,Hunan Province Sino-US International Joint Research Center for Therapeutic Drugs of Senile Degenerative Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Min Tang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Bioactive Substance Discovery of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,Hunan Province Sino-US International Joint Research Center for Therapeutic Drugs of Senile Degenerative Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Li
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Bioactive Substance Discovery of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,Hunan Province Sino-US International Joint Research Center for Therapeutic Drugs of Senile Degenerative Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Shun-Xiang Li
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Bioactive Substance Discovery of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China,Hunan Province Sino-US International Joint Research Center for Therapeutic Drugs of Senile Degenerative Diseases, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Shun-Xiang Li,
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11
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2017-2018. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:227-431. [PMID: 34719822 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2018. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to glycan and glycoprotein analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, new methods, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and the use of arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Most of the applications are presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and highlights the impact that MALDI imaging is having across a range of diciplines. MALDI is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and the range of applications continue steady progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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12
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Zhang Y, Zhang M. Neuroprotective effects of Morinda officinalis How.: Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles in Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:963041. [PMID: 36158563 PMCID: PMC9493036 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.963041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological studies have shown that some traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have applications in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Morinda officinalis How. (MO) is a TCM with a long history and is widely used to tonify kidney Yang. In vitro and in vivo experiments have suggested that MO contains various effective pharmaceutical components and chemicals, including oligosaccharides, anthraquinones, iridoids, flavonoids, amino acids, and trace elements, conferring MO with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are undoubtedly hallmarks of neurodegeneration, contributing to AD progression. In this mini-review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms, structure-activity relationships, and potential synergistic and antagonistic effects of active components in MO. This discussion highlights the roles of these active components, such as oligosaccharides, anthraquinones, and iridoid glycosides, in the treatment of AD via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, providing a scientific basis for further utilization of MO.
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13
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Zhou L, Ni H, Zhang L, Wu W, Zhang T, Su Q, Zhou J, Long H, Hou J, Gong J, Wu W. Calculating Relative Correction Factors for Quantitative Analysis with HILIC-HPLC-ELSD Method: Eight Fructooligosaccharides of Morinda Officinalis as a Case Study. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:8022473. [PMID: 35991327 PMCID: PMC9391178 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8022473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because the response of evaporating light scattering detector (ELSD) being in a nonlinear mode, there is no consensus on the method of calculating its relative correction factors (RCF), which limits the application of the quantitative analysis for multi-components by a single marker (QAMS) with LC-ELSD. METHODS Using eight fructooligosaccharides of Morinda officinalis as a case study, the nystose (GF3) as a single standard was adopted to develop a QAMS method to simultaneously determine the other seven fructooligosaccharides with HILIC-HPLC-ELSD method. Six calculation methods of RCF were investigated to select the most reasonable method. The relative error of content between the QAMS and the external standard method (ESM) obtained from 30 batches of samples was used as an indicator to evaluate the six methods. Finally, a chemometrics analysis was performed to find the differential components among MO and its three processing products. RESULTS It was first reported that only one calculation method was scientific for calculating RCF for the LC-ELSD method. The RCFs of GF3 to the other seven fructooligosaccharides (GF1-GF8) were obtained as 0.86, 0.91, 0.93, 1.05, 1.15, 1.12, and 1.18, respectively. The QAMS of eight fructooligosaccharides of Morinda officinalis was validated with good linearity (R 2 > 0.9998) and accepted the accuracy of 95-105% (RSD < 1.81%) based on nystose. Finally, Morinda officinalis and its three processed products were distinguished and could be differed based on the content of the eight fructooligosaccharides. CONCLUSION The scientific calculation method of RCF would be of great significance for developing the QAMS method in Pharmacopoeia when performing the LC-ELSD method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Ni
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenyong Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Tengqian Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Su
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huali Long
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiyu Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Wanying Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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14
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In vitro probing of oxidized inulin cross-linked collagen-ZrO2 hybrid scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Analysis of Fungal Microbiomes in Edible Medicinal Morindae Officinalis Radix and Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus Using DNA Metabarcoding. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121748. [PMID: 35741950 PMCID: PMC9222558 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Morindae Officinalis Radix (MOR) and Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus (AOF) have been widely used as dietary supplements and traditional herbal medicines for centuries. Fungal and mycotoxin contamination in MOR and AOF has been reported recently. In this study, fungi in MOR and AOF are first investigated using DNA metabarcoding, and the differences in fungal microbiome between moldy and non−moldy samples are analyzed. The results show that Ascomycota is the most prevailing fungus at the phylum level in MOR and AOF with relative abundances of 49.53–94.32% and 14.81–81.85%, respectively. Penicillium (1.86–76.14%), Cladosporium (1.82–56.65%), and Trichoderma (0.12–19.71%) are the dominant genera in MOR. Penicillium (0.27–56.06%), Papiliotrema (0.04–51.71%), and Cladosporium (3.08–44.41%) are the dominant genera in AOF. Two potential toxigenic fungi were detected, namely, Trichoderma atroviride and Fusarium equiseti. Moreover, the differences in fungal communities between moldy and non−moldy samples were monitored. In conclusion, DNA metabarcoding can be used to assess the fungal microbiome in edible medicinal herbs, thereby providing a basis for ensuring food safety and drug efficacy.
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16
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Wu PY, Chen W, Huang H, Tang W, Liang J. Morinda officinalis polysaccharide regulates rat bone mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic-adipogenic differentiation in osteoporosis by upregulating miR-21 and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:675-685. [PMID: 35593324 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevailing bone metabolic disease. Morinda officinalis polysaccharide (MOP) has biological activities and medicinal potential. This study explored its mechanism in OP. Rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) were pretreated with low/high concentrations of MOP and subjected to osteogenic differentiation (OD) or adipogenic differentiation (AD) induction. The protein markers of OD (RUNX2 and BMP2) and AD (CEBPα and PPARγ) and miR-21 expression were detected. miR-21 was overexpressed to study its effects on rBMSC OD and AD. rBMSCs were transfected with miR-21 inhibitor and treated with high concentration of MOP for verification. The targeted relationship between miR-21 and PTEN was verified by bioinformatics and dual-luciferase assay. The PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins were detected. Ovariectomy (OVX)-induced OP rats were treated with MOP. Rat bone mineral density (BMD), serum bone metabolism indexes bone-derived alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and osteocalcin (BGP) levels were assessed by BMD detectors and ELISA kits. miR-21 expression in rBMSCs was detected. After treatment with low/high concentrations of MOP, the OD of rBMSCs was increased and AD was inhibited and miR-21 was upregulated. miR-21 overexpression enhanced the OD of rBMSCs and inhibited AD. miR-21 knockdown reversed the effect of high concentration of MOP on rBMSCs. miR-21 targeted PTEN. After treatment with low/high concentrations of MOP, PI3K, and AKT phosphorylation were increased and the PI3K/AKT pathway was activated. BMD, BALP, BGP, and miR-21 levels in OVX rats were decreased. MOP partially alleviated OP in OVX rats. Briefly, MOP enhanced rBMSC OD and inhibited AD via the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Zhao Z, Nian M, Lv H, Yue J, Qiao H, Yang X, Zheng X. Advances in Anti-Osteoporosis Polysaccharides Derived from Medicinal Herbs and Other Edible Substances. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:441-470. [PMID: 35021963 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease, and treatment is required for the prevention of low bone mass, deterioration of microstructural bone tissue, and fragility fractures. Osteoporosis therapy includes calcium, vitamin D, and drugs with antiresorptive or anabolic action on the bone. Therapy for osteoporosis does not include taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), but pain associated with osteoporotic fractures can be treated by taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). Recently, polysaccharides extracted from medicinal herbs and edible substances (PsMHES) have attracted attention on account of their safety and promising anti-osteoporosis effects, whereas a systematic review about their potential in anti-osteoporosis is vacant to date. Herein, we reviewed the recent progress of PsMHES with anti-osteoporosis activities, looking to introduce the advances in the various pharmacological mechanisms and targets involved in the anti-osteoporosis effects, extraction methods, main mechanism involved in Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin pathways and RANKL (Receptor Activator for NF[Formula: see text]B ligand or TNFSF25) pathways, and Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) analysis of PsMHES. Typical herbs likeAchyranthes bidentate and Morinda officinalis used for the treatment of osteoporosis are introduced; their traditional uses in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are discussed in this paper as well. This review will help to the recognition of the value of PsMHES in anti-osteoporosis and provide guidance for the research and development of new anti-osteoporosis agents in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Zhao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, P. R. China
| | - Meng Nian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, P. R. China
| | - Hong Lv
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, P. R. China
| | - Jiangxin Yue
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, P. R. China
| | - Haifa Qiao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohang Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
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Liu MY, Luo ZH, Chen ZE, Qin YR, Liu QY, Ding P. Quality markers for processed products of Morinda officinalis how based on the "oligosaccharides-spectrum-effect". J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 208:114403. [PMID: 34798392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Morinda officinalis How (MO) possesses prominent tonifying kidney yang and strengthening bone and muscle effects in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Due to the complexity of MO components, the chemical mechanism leading to efficacy changes of MO caused by processing remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate and discover quality markers (Q-markers) related to the clinical efficacy of processed MO. The different processed products of MO have different clinical applications, although they originate from the same medicinal herb. The active chemical components from raw and processed MO that protect against reproductive oxidative stress damage were evaluated. The processed products of MO were prepared by different processing methods. The changes in oligosaccharides during processing were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with an evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD), and the differential components in raw and processed MO were analyzed using SA, HCA, PCA, and OPLS-DA methods. The protective effects of raw and processed MO oligosaccharides (MOOs) against reproductive oxidative stress damage were evaluated based on the spermatic number, spermatic survival rate, abnormal sperm ratio and serum biochemical indicators in cyclophosphamide-induced (CTX-induced) male mice. The results revealed that processed MOOs had better pharmacological effects than raw MOOs. Therefore, gray correlation analysis (GRA) and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methods were used to investigate the spectrum-effect relationships of MOOs. Spectrum-effect relationship analysis revealed that all of the characteristic peaks contributed to the treatment of reproductive oxidative stress damage, and the relative correlation degrees were greater than 0.6. Among them, the peaks 1 F-fructofuranosylnystose, nystose, and 1-kestose and the peaks X2-X5, which were most closely correlated to the treatment of reproductive oxidative stress damage, were identified as inulin-oligosaccharides and inulo-oligosaccharides, respectively. It was proposed that these constituents could be considered Q-markers for processed products of MO. Thus, this study aimed to explore chemical markers that correlate with the clinical efficacy of processed MO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 Waihuan East Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhen-Hua Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 Waihuan East Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zi-En Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 Waihuan East Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yi-Ran Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 Waihuan East Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qiu-Yi Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 Waihuan East Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ping Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 Waihuan East Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Wang P, Liu Y, Zhang T, Yin C, Kang SY, Kim SJ, Park YK, Jung HW. Effects of Root Extract of Morinda officinalis in Mice with High-Fat-Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and C2C12 Myoblast Differentiation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:26959-26968. [PMID: 34693116 PMCID: PMC8529596 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes and causes a decline in muscle quality. In this study, we investigated the effects of the root extract of Morinda officinalis (MORE) on skeletal muscle damage in mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and the expression of myogenic and biogenesis regulatory proteins in C2C12 myoblast differentiation. An in vivo model comprised C57BL/6N mice fed HFD for 8 weeks, followed by a single injection of STZ at 120 mg/kg. MORE was administered at 100 and 200 mg/kg once daily (p.o.) for 4 weeks. The changes in body weight, calorie intake, and serum levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TCHO), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were investigated in diabetic mice. The histological changes in the gastrocnemius muscle were observed by H&E staining, and then the myofiber size was measured. The expression of the myogenic (MHC, myogenin, and MyoD) and biogenesis (PGC-1α, SIRT1, NRF1, and TFAM) regulatory proteins was examined in the muscle tissues and differentiated C2C12 myoblasts by Western blot, respectively. The administration of MORE at 200 mg/kg in mice with HFD/STZ-induced diabetes significantly reduced weight gains, calorie intake, insulin resistance, and serum levels of glucose, TCHO, LDL-C, AST, and ALT. MORE administration at 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly increased serum insulin and HDL-C levels in diabetic mice. In addition, MORE significantly increased the expression of MHC, myogenin, MyoD, PGC-1α, SIRT1, NRF1, and TFAM in muscle tissues as well as increased the myofiber size in diabetic mice. In C2C12 myoblast differentiation, MORE treatment at 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL significantly increased the expression of myogenic and biogenesis regulatory proteins in a dose-dependent manner. MORE improves diabetes symptoms in mice with HFD/STZ-induced diabetes by improving muscle function. This suggests that MORE could be used to prevent or treat diabetes along with muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piao Wang
- Department
of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Yi Liu
- Department
of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department
of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Cheng Yin
- Department
of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Seok Yong Kang
- Korean
Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Yong-Ki Park
- Department
of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
- Korean
Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Hyo Won Jung
- Department
of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
- Korean
Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, 38066 Gyeongju, Korea
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20
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Iridoids with anti-inflammatory effect from the aerial parts of Morinda officinalis How. Fitoterapia 2021; 153:104991. [PMID: 34265404 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Morinda officinalis How was widely applied to alleviate symptom like impotence, menstrual disorders, osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. To expand resources usage, phytochemistry of the aerial parts was studied and the structures of compounds were elucidated based on NMR, HRESIMS, IR and UV. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effect and possible mechanism were investigated by Griess kit, RT-qPCR, ELISA, western blot and molecular docking on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. Herein, we isolated and identified 16 iridoid derivatives, including seven new iridoids officinaloside A-G (1-7) and nine known iridoids. All the compounds were safe to RAW 264.7 cells. Luckily, compounds 5 and 6 showed inhibitory effect on production of NO, and decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines at mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent way. The possible mechanism of their anti-inflammation may be the affinity interaction between 5 with COX-2 protein, and 6 with iNOS protein. Overall, compounds 5 and 6 exert promising effects in inhibiting inflammatory cytokines, indicating that they could be used as lead compounds for developing health products or clinical practice for inflammation, which provides a scientific basis for further sustainable development and usage of the aerial parts of Morinda officinalis How.
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21
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Analysis of Molecular Mechanism of Erxian Decoction in Treating Osteoporosis Based on Formula Optimization Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6641838. [PMID: 34239693 PMCID: PMC8238601 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6641838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a highly prevalent orthopedic condition in postmenopausal women and the elderly. Currently, OP treatments mainly include bisphosphonates, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) antibody therapy, selective estrogen receptor modulators, teriparatide (PTH1-34), and menopausal hormone therapy. However, increasing evidence has indicated these treatments may exert serious side effects. In recent years, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has become popular for treating orthopedic disorders. Erxian Decoction (EXD) is widely used for the clinical treatment of OP, but its underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear thanks to its multiple components and multiple target features. In this research, we designed a network pharmacology method, which used a novel node importance calculation model to identify critical response networks (CRNs) and effective proteins. Based on these proteins, a target coverage contribution (TCC) model was designed to infer a core active component group (CACG). This approach decoded the mechanisms underpinning EXD's role in OP therapy. Our data indicated that the drug response network mediated by the CACG effectively retained information of the component-target (C-T) network of pathogenic genes. Functional pathway enrichment analysis showed that EXD exerted therapeutic effects toward OP by targeting PI3K-Akt signaling (hsa04151), calcium signaling (hsa04020), apoptosis (hsa04210), estrogen signaling (hsa04915), and osteoclast differentiation (hsa04380) via JNK, AKT, and ERK. Our method furnishes a feasible methodological strategy for formula optimization and mechanism analysis and also supplies a reference scheme for the secondary development of the TCM formula.
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22
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Luan Z, Qiao F, Zhao W, Ming W, Yu Z, Liu J, Dai S, Jiang S, Lian C, Sun C, Zhang B, Zheng J, Ma S, Ma X. Discovery of New Iridoids as Farnesoid X Receptor Agonists from
Morinda officinalis
: Agonistic Potentials and Molecular Stimulation. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐Lin Luan
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Fei Qiao
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 102629 China
| | - Wen‐Yu Zhao
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Wen‐Hua Ming
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Zhen‐Long Yu
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Jie Liu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 102629 China
| | - Sheng‐Yun Dai
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 102629 China
| | - Shuang‐Hui Jiang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 102629 China
| | - Chao‐Jie Lian
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 102629 China
| | - Cheng‐Peng Sun
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Bao‐Jing Zhang
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Jian Zheng
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 102629 China
| | - Shuang‐Cheng Ma
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Xiao‐Chi Ma
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
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23
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Zhang D, Zhang S, Jiang K, Li T, Yan C. Bioassay-guided isolation and evaluation of anti-osteoporotic polysaccharides from Morinda officinalis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113113. [PMID: 32668320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Morinda officinalis is a well-known Chinese tonic herb that has shown clinical efficacy in the treatment of bone disease. However, its anti-osteoporotic potential and the M. officinalis polysaccharides (MOPs) responsible for activity require further investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the anti-osteoporotic effects of different MOP fractions in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and to identify the osteoprotective components by bioassay-guided isolation. MATERIALS AND METHODS MOPs were prepared by hot water and alkali extraction, separated into three fractions (MO50, MO70, and MOB) and evaluated in the classic OVX rat model and in MC3T3-E1 cells for anti-osteoporotic activity. RESULTS Administration of MOPs (400 mg/kg/day) provided significant protection against ovariectomy-induced bone loss and biomechanical dysfunction in rats. Treated animals exhibited reduced deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture and lower levels of bone turnover markers. Bioactivity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two inulin-type fructans from MO50, MOW50-1 and MOP50-2, with potential anti-osteoporotic activities. These consisted of (2 → 1)-linked β-D-fructosyl residues with degrees of polymerization (DP) of 7 and 13, respectively. Furthermore, MOW50-1 promoted osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by increasing alkaline phosphatase activity. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest very strongly that MOPs, especially MO50 and MOW50-1, may play important roles in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, 518104, China
| | - Shaojie Zhang
- Center for Clinical Precision Medication, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Keming Jiang
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Tianyu Li
- Center for Clinical Precision Medication, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Chunyan Yan
- Center for Clinical Precision Medication, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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24
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Wan X, Guo H, Liang Y, Zhou C, Liu Z, Li K, Niu F, Zhai X, Wang L. The physiological functions and pharmaceutical applications of inulin: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116589. [PMID: 32747248 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inulin (IN), a fructan-type plant polysaccharide, is widely found in nature. The major plant sources of IN include chicory, Jerusalem artichoke, dahlia etc. Studies have found that IN possessed a wide array of biological activities, e.g. as a prebiotic to improve the intestinal microbe environment, regulating blood sugar, regulating blood lipids, antioxidant, anticancer, immune regulation and so on. Currently, IN is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. IN can be used as thickener, fat replacer, sweetener and water retaining agent in the food industry. IN also can be applied in the pharmaceutics as stabilizer, drug carrier, and auxiliary therapeutic agent for certain diseases such as constipation and diabetes. This paper reviews the physiological functions of IN and its applications in the field of pharmaceutics, analyzes its present research status and future research direction. This review will serve as a one-in-all resource for the researchers who are interested to work on IN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhuan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yiyu Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Changzheng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zihao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Kunwei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fengju Niu
- Shandong Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Xin Zhai
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Lizhu Wang
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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25
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Wei Y, Gao H, Hao L, Shi X, Wang Y. Constructing a Sr 2+-Substituted Surface Hydroxyapatite Hexagon-Like Microarray on 3D-Plotted Hydroxyapatite Scaffold to Regulate Osteogenic Differentiation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1672. [PMID: 32859069 PMCID: PMC7559340 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Surface topography and chemical characteristics can regulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and decrease the bone-healing time. However, the synergetic function of the surface structure and chemical cues in bone-regeneration repair was rarely studied. Herein, a strontium ion (Sr2+)-substituted surface hydroxyapatite (HA) hexagon-like microarray was successfully constructed on 3D-plotted HA porous scaffold through hydrothermal reaction to generate topography and chemical dual cues. The crystal phase of the Sr2+-substituted surface microarray was HA, while the lattice constant of the Sr2+-substituted microarray increased with increasing Sr2+-substituted amount. Sr2+-substituted microarray could achieve the sustainable release of Sr2+, which could effectively promote osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) even without osteogenic-induced media. Osteogenic characteristics were optimally enhanced using the higher Sr2+-substituted surface microarray (8Sr-HA). Sr2+-substituted microarray on the scaffold surface could future improve the osteogenic performance of HA porous scaffold. These results indicated that the Sr2+-substituted HA surface hexagon-like microarray on 3D-plotted HA scaffolds had promising biological performance for bone-regeneration repair scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Huichang Gao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Lijing Hao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China;
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China;
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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26
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Zhu J, Peng Q, Xu Y, Xu H, Wan Y, Li Z, Qiu Y, Xia W, Guo Z, Li H, Jin H, Hu B. Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides ameliorate depressive-like behaviors in poststroke rats through upregulating GLUT3 to improve synaptic activity. FASEB J 2020; 34:13376-13395. [PMID: 32812265 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902546rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Poststroke depression (PSD) is one of the most common psychiatric diseases afflicting stroke survivors, yet the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. The pathophysiology of PSD is presumably multifactorial, involving ischemia-induced disturbance in the context of psychosocial distress. The homeostasis of glucose metabolism is crucial to neural activity. In this study, we showed that glucose consumption was decreased in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of PSD rats. The suppressed glucose metabolism was due to decreased glucose transporter-3 (GLUT3) expression, the most abundant and specific glucose transporter of neurons. We also found Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides (MOOs), approved as an antidepressive Chinese medicine, through upregulating GLUT3 expression in the mPFC, improved glucose metabolism, and enhanced synaptic activity, which ultimately ameliorated depressive-like behavior in PSD rats. We further confirmed the mechanism that MOOs induce GLUT3 expression via the PKA/pCREB pathway in PSD rats. Our work showed that MOOs treatment is capable of restoring GLUT3 level to improve depressive-like behaviors in PSD rats. We also propose GLUT3 as a potential therapeutic target for PSD and emphasize the importance of metabolism disturbance in PSD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiwei Peng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd. Institute of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Hexiang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Wan
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanmei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenguang Xia
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenli Guo
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongkai Li
- Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd. Institute of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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27
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Tang Q, Li X, Lai C, Li L, Wu H, Wang Y, Shi X. Fabrication of a hydroxyapatite-PDMS microfluidic chip for bone-related cell culture and drug screening. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:169-178. [PMID: 32913926 PMCID: PMC7453124 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is an important part of the human body structure and plays a vital role in human health. A microfluidic chip that can simulate the structure and function of bone will provide a platform for bone-related biomedical research. Hydroxyapatite (HA), a bioactive ceramic material, has a similar structure and composition to bone mineralization products. In this study, we used HA as a microfluidic chip component to provide a highly bionic bone environment. HA substrates with different microchannel structures were printed by using ceramic stereolithography (SLA) technology, and the minimum trench width was 50 μm. The HA substrate with microchannels was sealed by a thin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer to make a HA-PDMS microfluidic chip. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that compared with PDMS, HA was more conducive to the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of the human foetal osteoblast cell line (hFOB). In addition, the concentration gradient of the model drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was successfully generated on a Christmas tree structure HA-PDMS chip, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of DOX was determined. The findings of this study indicate that the HA-PDMS microfluidic chip has great potential in the field of high-throughput bone-related drug screening and bone-related research. 3D printing of the hydroxyapatite (HA) substrate with microchannel networks. Fabrication of HA-PDMS microfluidic chips. (3) Provided a new microfluidic platform for studying bone and bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chen Lai
- Peking University Shenzhen Institute, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Hongkai Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- Peking University Shenzhen Institute, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005, Guangzhou, PR China
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28
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Zhang Q, Zhang JH, He YQ, Zhang QL, Zhu B, Shen Y, Liu MQ, Zhu LL, Xin HL, Qin LP, Zhang QY. Iridoid glycosides from Morinda officinalis How. exert anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects through inactivating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:172. [PMID: 32503513 PMCID: PMC7275542 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The root of Morinda officinalis How. (MO, the family of Rubiaceae) has long been used to treat inflammatory diseases in China and other eastern Asian countries, and iridoid glycosides extracted from MO (MOIG) are believed to contribute to this anti-inflammatory effect. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of MOIG has not been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to determine how MOIG exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects in vivo and in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Methods MOIG were enriched by XDA-1 macroporous resin. The maximum feasible dose method was adopted to evaluate its acute toxicity. The analgesic effect of MOIG was evaluated by acetic acid writhing test and the anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by cotton-pellet granuloma test in rats and air pouch granuloma test in mice. The anti-arthritic effect was evaluated by establishing an adjuvant arthritis model induced by Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA). The viability of the cultured RAW 264.7 macrophages was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by measuring NO, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The protein level of inflammatory responsive genes was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results MOIG had no significant toxicity at maximum feasible dose of 22.5 g/kg. MO extracts and MOIG (50,100 and 200 mg/kg) all evoked a significantly inhibitory effects on the frequency of twisting induced by acetic acid in mice compared with the model control group. Administration of MO extracts and MOIG markedly decreased the dry and wet weight of cotton pellet granuloma in rats and air pouch granuloma in mice. MOIG significantly attenuated the paw swelling and decreased the arthritic score, weight loss, spleen index, and the serum level of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17a in CFA-induced arthritic rats. MOIG inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, and the expressions of iNOS, COX-2 and proteins related to MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusion MOIG exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities through inactivating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, and this finding may provide a sound experimental basis for the clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with MOIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaoke Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaoke Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu-Qiong He
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Quan-Long Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaoke Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaoke Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaoke Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Meng-Qin Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaoke Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Lu-Lin Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaoke Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Liang Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaoke Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China. .,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Qiao-Yan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaoke Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China. .,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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29
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Huang D, Hou X, Zhang D, Zhang Q, Yan C. Two novel polysaccharides from rhizomes of Cibotium barometz promote bone formation via activating the BMP2/SMAD1 signaling pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 231:115732. [PMID: 31888819 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cibotium barometz, an important traditional Chinese medicine, is used in strengthening bones and tendons. We found that C. barometz crude polysaccharides (CB70) could alleviate bone loss and markedly improve the biomechanical properties of OVX rats. Thus, to clarify biological active ingredient(s) of CB70, two homogeneous polysaccharides (CBP70-1-1 and CBP70-1-2) were purified from CB70. A combination of monosaccharide composition, FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR analysis indicated that CBP70-1-1 was composed of →6)-D-Galp-(1→, D-Glcp-(1→, →3,6)-D-Manp-(1→, →4)-D-Glcp-(1→ and →6)-D-Glcp-(1→ with relative molecular weights of 12,724 Da, and CBP70-1-2 was composed of →4)-D-Glcp-(1→, D-Glcp-(1→, →3,6)-D-Manp-(1→, →6)-D-Galp-(1→, →4,6)-D-Glcp-(1→ and →3)-L-Araf-(1→ with relative molecular weights of 3611 Da. Morphological analyses revealed that CBP70-1-1 and CBP70-1-2 appeared as a sheet that were irregular in size and shape, while the surface of CBP70-1-1 was full of sharp protuberances and CBP70-1-2 was smooth. Furthermore, the effects of CBP70-1-1 and CBP70-1-2 on the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of mouse pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were assessed via CCK-8 assay, alkaline phosphatase activity assay, and alizarin red-based assay, respectively. These results revealed that CBP70-1-1 and CBP70-1-2 significantly promoted the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, even better than E2. More importantly, quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis indicated that CBP70-1-2 pronouncedly promoted the expression of osteogenic-related marker genes (Runx2, Osx, Ocn and Opn) and proteins (BMP2, RUNX2, OSX and p-SMAD1), which implies that the osteogenic activity of CBP70-1-2 is accomplished mainly by activating the BMP2/SMAD1 signaling pathway. These findings suggest CBP70-1-2 as a potential natural anti-osteoporotic agent for pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Huang
- Center for Clinical Precision Medication, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xin Hou
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Shajing People's Hospital of Bao'an Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518104, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Chunyan Yan
- Center for Clinical Precision Medication, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Chen X, Li T, Qing D, Chen J, Zhang Q, Yan C. Structural characterization and osteogenic bioactivities of a novel Humulus lupulus polysaccharide. Food Funct 2020; 11:1165-1175. [PMID: 31872841 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01918a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Humulus lupulus is a perennial climbing plant of the subfamily Cannabioideae native to the Northern Hemisphere. The primary use of H. lupulus is in the brewing industry, where it is an essential ingredient for imparting a unique flavor (bitterness and aroma) to beer. The female flowers of H. lupulus are also used in traditional Chinese medicine, but the biologically active ingredients underlying its benefits remain unclear. China is the largest producer and consumer of H. lupulus in Asia. Using the waste from the beer-brewing process of H. lupulus as raw materials, the biologically active polysaccharides can be screened. This is useful for the full utilization of H. lupulus, potentially leading to disease prevention and treatment. In this study, we isolated a homogeneous polysaccharide (HLP50-1) with a molecular weight of 49.13 kDa from female flowers of H. lupulus via a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephadex G-75 gel filtration column. Methylation, GC-MS, and NMR analyses revealed that the HLP50-1 comprised →4)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, →6)-α-d-Manp-(1→, →3)-α-l-Rhap-(1→, β-d-Glcp-(1→, α-l-Araf-(1→, →4,6)-2-OAc-β-d-Galp-(1→, β-d-Galp-(1→, →3,6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→, →2,3,4)-α-d-Xylp-(1→, →6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, →3)-α-d-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-d-Galp-(1→. Advanced structural analysis showed that the HLP50-1 contained irregular fragments of different sizes and shapes with a smooth surface. The aggregates appeared be composed of accumulated crystals. Furthermore, the osteogenic activities of the HLP50-1 were evaluated via MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro. The results showed that 0.13 μM HLP50-1 led to outstanding proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of the MC3T3-E1 cells. Therefore, HLP50-1 has osteogenic effects, and it may be a candidate for the treatment of osteoporosis. It has broad application prospects in functional foods, health-care products, and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Chen
- Center for Clinical Precision Medication, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Shi J, Ren X, Wang J, Wei X, Liu B, Jia T. Effects of the Salt-Processing Method on the Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Orally Administered Morinda officinalis How. Extract. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:5754183. [PMID: 32104608 PMCID: PMC7036132 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5754183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Salt processing, which involves steaming with salt water, directs herbs into the kidney channel. After being salt processed, kidney invigorating effects occur. However, the underlying mechanism of this method remains elusive. The compounds monotropein, rubiadin, and rubiadin 1-methyl ether are the major effective components of Morinda officinalis How. To clarify the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of these three compounds, we employed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to determine the contents of the three components in rat plasma and tissues. Separation was achieved on an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm, Waters). Formic acid aqueous solution (0.1%; A) and acetonitrile (containing 0.1% formic acid; B) were used as the mobile phase system with a programmed elution of 0∼5 min with 70% A and then 5∼7 min with 60% A. All analytes were measured with optimized multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in negative ion mode. Geniposide and 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone were used as the internal standards (IS). The linear ranges were 1.2∼190, 1.3∼510, and 0.047∼37.5 μg/mL, respectively. Compared with the Morinda officinalis without wood (MO) group, the Cmax and AUC0-t parameters of rubiadin and rubiadin 1-methyl ether elevated remarkably for the salt-processed Morinda officinalis (SMO) groups, which indicates that steaming by salt could increase the bioavailability of rubiadin and rubiadin 1-methyl ether. The T max for monotropein is shorter (0.5 h) in SMO groups than that in MO group, which means that monotropein was quickly absorbed in the SMO extract. Moreover, the contents of three compounds in the small intestine were the highest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xiaohang Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jia Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Bonan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Tianzhu Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
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The chemical character of polysaccharides from processed Morindae officinalis and their effects on anti-liver damage. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:410-421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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He J, Li X, Wang Z, Bennett S, Chen K, Xiao Z, Zhan J, Chen S, Hou Y, Chen J, Wang S, Xu J, Lin D. Therapeutic Anabolic and Anticatabolic Benefits of Natural Chinese Medicines for the Treatment of Osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1344. [PMID: 31824310 PMCID: PMC6886594 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by increasing osseous fragility and fracture due to the reduced bone mass and microstructural degradation. Primary pharmacological strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis, hormone replacement treatment (HRT), and alendronate therapies may produce adverse side-effects and may not be recommended for long-term usage. Some classic and bone-specific natural Chinese medicine are very popularly used to treat osteoporosis and bone fracture effectively in clinical with their potential value in bone growth and development, but with few adverse side-effects. Current evidence suggests that the treatments appear to improve bone metabolism and attenuate the osteoporotic imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption at a cellular level by promoting osteoblast activity and inhibiting the effects of osteoclasts. The valuable therapies might, therefore, provide an effective and safer alternative to primary pharmacological strategies. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to comprehensively review these classic and bone-specific drugs in natural Chinese medicines for the treatment of osteoporosis that had been deeply and definitely studied and reported with both bone formation and antiresorption effects, including Gynochthodes officinalis (F.C.How) Razafim. & B.Bremer (syn. Morinda officinalis F.C.How), Curculigo orchioides Gaertn., Psoralea corylifolia (L.) Medik Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Dipsacus inermis Wall. (syn. Dipsacus asperoides C.Y.Cheng & T.M.Ai), Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm., Velvet Antler, Cistanche deserticola Ma, Cuscuta chinensis Lam., Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge., thus providing evidence for the potential use of alternative Chinese medicine therapies to effectively treat osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo He
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Samuel Bennett
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kai Chen
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiheng Zhan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shudong Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Hou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhao Chen
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Shaofang Wang
- Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dingkun Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Liao B, Lee SY, Meng K, Yin Q, Huang C, Fan Q, Liao W, Chen S. Characterization and novel Est-SSR marker development of an important Chinese medicinal plant, Morinda officinalis How (Rubiaceae). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1664322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Boyong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shiou Yih Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qianyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Cuiying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Sufang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Morinda Officinalis Polysaccharides Attenuate Varicocele-Induced Spermatogenic Impairment through the Modulation of Angiogenesis and Relative Factors. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:8453635. [PMID: 31110554 PMCID: PMC6487148 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8453635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence supporting best treatment practices for varicocele is lacking. The effects of a water-soluble polysaccharide extracted from Morinda officinalis (MOP) on the progression of varicocele were evaluated in the present study. The extracted MOP was confirmed as having a high purity of 98% with scant protein contamination, and it mainly consisted of glucose, lactose, and xylose at a molar ratio of 7.63:1.23:0.95 glucose:lactose:xylose. MOPs were administered to experimental left varicocele rats immediately after surgery at doses ranging from 25 to 200 mg/kg. As detected by sperm analysis and histopathological staining, the intragastric administration of 100 mg/kg MOPs significantly improved the sperm parameters of bilateral cauda epididymis, attenuated seminiferous epithelial structures, and inhibited germ cell apoptosis. The results of immunofluorescence and immunoblot showed that administration of 100 mg/kg MOPs effectively inhibited angiogenesis in the bilateral testes but modulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), and MMP9 mildly. These results indicate that inhibition of angiogenesis may be one of the mechanisms by which MOP exerts its inhibitive activities on the progression of varicocele, whereas a relative upregulation of VEGF and MMP-9 may be crucial for the spermatogenetic protective effects of 100 mg/kg MOP administration.
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36
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Wang X, Zhang M, Zhang D, Wang X, Cao H, Zhang Q, Yan C. Structural elucidation and anti-osteoporosis activities of polysaccharides obtained from Curculigo orchioides. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 203:292-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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