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Lin P, Wang Q, Wang Q, Chen J, He L, Qin Z, Li S, Han J, Yao X, Yu Y, Yao Z. Evaluation of the anti-atherosclerotic effect for Allium macrostemon Bge. Polysaccharides and structural characterization of its a newly active fructan. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 340:122289. [PMID: 38858004 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Allium Macrostemon Bge. (AMB) is a well-known homology of herbal medicine and food that has been extensively used for thousands of years to alleviate cardiovascular diseases. It contains a significant amount of polysaccharides, yet limited research exists on whether these polysaccharides are responsible for its cardiovascular protective effects. In this study, the anti-atherosclerosis effect of the crude polysaccharides of AMB (AMBP) was evaluated using ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet, along with ox-LDL-induced Thp-1 foam cells. Subsequently, guided by the inhibitory activity of foam cells formation, a major homogeneous polysaccharide named AMBP80-1a was isolated and purified, yielding 11.1 % from AMB. The molecular weight of AMBP80-1a was determined to be 10.01 kDa. AMBP80-1a was firstly characterized as an agavin-type fructan with main chains consisting of →1)-β-d-Fruf-(2→ and →1,6)-β-d-Fruf-(2→ linked to an internal glucose moiety, with →6)-β-d-Fruf-(2→ and β-d-Fruf-(2→ serving as side chains. Furthermore, the bio-activity results indicated that AMBP80-1a reduced lipid accumulation and cholesterol contents in ox-LDL-induced Thp-1 foam cell. These findings supported the role of AMBP in alleviating atherosclerosis in vivo/vitro. AMBP80-1a, as the predominant homogeneous polysaccharide in AMB, was expected to be developed as a functional agent to prevent atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Wang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiayun Chen
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Liangliang He
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zifei Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shaoping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jingyan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Zhihong Yao
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Li D, Chen M, Meng X, Sun Y, Liu R, Sun T. Extraction, purification, structural characteristics, bioactivity and potential applications of polysaccharides from Avena sativa L.: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130891. [PMID: 38493821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Avena sativa L. (A. sativa L.), commonly known as oat, is a significant cereal grain crop with excellent edible and medicinal value. Oat polysaccharides (OPs), the major bioactive components of A. sativa L., have received considerable attention due to their beneficial bioactivities. However, the isolation and purification methods of OPs lack innovation, and the structure-activity relationship remains unexplored. This review emphatically summarized recent progress in the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, biological activities, structure-to-function associations and the potential application status of OPs. Different materials and isolation methods can result in the differences in the structure and bioactivity of OPs. OPs are mainly composed of various monosaccharide constituents, including glucose, arabinose and mannose, along with galactose, xylose and rhamnose in different molar ratios and types of glycosidic bonds. OPs exhibited a broad molecular weight distribution, ranging from 1.34 × 105 Da to 4.1 × 106 Da. Moreover, structure-activity relationships demonstrated that the monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, linkage types, and chemical modifications are closely related to their multiple bioactivities, including immunomodulatory activity, antioxidant effect, anti-inflammatory activity, antitumor effects etc. This work can provide comprehensive knowledge, update information and promising directions for future exploitation and application of OPs as therapeutic agents and multifunctional food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Mengjie Chen
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Xianwei Meng
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Tiedong Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Wu DT, Geng JL, Li J, Deng W, Zhang Y, Hu YC, Zou L, Xia Y, Zhuang QG, Liu HY, Gan RY. Efficient extraction of pectic polysaccharides from thinned unripe kiwifruits by deep eutectic solvent-based methods: Chemical structures and bioactivities. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101083. [PMID: 38187948 PMCID: PMC10770586 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
To promote the potentially industrial applications of thinned unripe kiwifruits, two deep eutectic solvent-based methods, including deep eutectic solvent-assisted extraction (DAE) and microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction (MDE), were optimized for the extraction of polysaccharides from thinned unripe kiwifruits (YKP). Results showed that the yields of YKP-D prepared by DAE and YKP-DM prepared by MDE were extremely higher than YKP-H prepared by hot water extraction. Furthermore, YKP-H, YKP-D, and YKP-DM were mainly composed of pectic polysaccharides, including homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I) domains. Besides, both YKP-D and YKP-DM exhibited stronger antioxidant, anti-glycosylation, and immunomodulatory effects than those of YKP-H, and their higher contents of uronic acids and bound polyphenols as well as lower molecular weights could partially contribute to their bioactivities. Overall, these results revealed that the developed MDE method could be utilized as a promising method for highly efficient extraction of YKP with superior beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin-Lei Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- China-New Zealand Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Kiwifruit, Kiwifruit Breeding and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resources Sciences, Chengdu 610015, China
| | - Yi-Chen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Qi-Guo Zhuang
- China-New Zealand Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Kiwifruit, Kiwifruit Breeding and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resources Sciences, Chengdu 610015, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
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Liu Y, Li Y, Sun B, Kang J, Hu X, Zou L, Cui SW, Guo Q. Glucans from Armillaria luteo-virens: Structural Characterization and In Vivo Immunomodulatory Investigation under Different Administration Routes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6006-6018. [PMID: 38456292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides fromArmillaria luteo-virens (ALP) were investigated for structural characterization and immunomodulatory activities. Three fractions (ALP-1, ALP-2, and ALP-3) were obtained with the yield of 2.4, 3.7, and 3.0 wt %, respectively. ALP-1 was proposed as a β-(1 → 3)(1 → 6)-glucan with a triple-helix conformation; ALP-2 and ALP-3 were both identified as α-(1 → 4)(1 → 6)-glucan differing in their Mw and branching degree with a spherical conformation. The in vitro digestibility experiment and in vivo experiments using cyclophosphamide (CY)-treated mice demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of α-glucan (1 mg·kg-1·day-1) and intragastric gavage of β-glucan (10 mg·kg-1·day-1) both effectively restored the decrease in body weight, immune organ indexes, immune cell activities, serum immune marker levels, colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) levels, and Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio in immunosuppression mice. This study provides novel insights into the immunomodulatory activity of α- and β-glucans under different administration routes, thereby promoting their application in both food and pharmaceutical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 666 Wusu Road, Linan District, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119 Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P. R. China
| | - Steve W Cui
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
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Cheng Z, Zheng Q, Duan Y, Cai M, Zhang H. Effect of subcritical water temperature on the structure, antioxidant activity and immune activity of polysaccharides from Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129591. [PMID: 38272429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the polysaccharide from Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin extracted by hot water (HW-GP) was further physically modified with subcritical water to obtain novel polysaccharides (SW-GP). Comparative analysis was conducted to examine the disparities in conformation and bioactivity between HW-GP and SW-GP, aiming to precisely regulate the structure of the polysaccharides and enhance their bioactivity by controlling subcritical water temperature. The results showed that, compared with HW-GP, subcritical water modification (100-160 °C) not only significantly reduced the molecular weight of polysaccharides (from 5.586 × 105 g/mol to 1.484 × 105 g/mol), but also modulated the intermolecular interaction forces, which maintain the conformation of the polysaccharides, including electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, thereby dynamically transforming the polysaccharide chain conformation from triple helix to random coil, and the strength of the chain conformation shifted from rigid to flexible. In addition, the modification of the SW-GP structure by subcritical water also enhanced its biological activity. SW-GP (140 °C) with low molecular weight and semi-rigid triple helix conformation showed the best scavenging effect on the DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals, and exhibited excellent antioxidant activity. SW-GP (130 °C) with medium molecular weight and semi-rigid triple helix conformation significantly promoted the proliferation and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells, as well as increased the release levels of NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and the immunomodulatory activity was much higher than that of other polysaccharides. These findings confirmed the feasibility of using subcritical water temperature as a regulatory feature for the structure and bioactivity of glycyrrhiza polysaccharides, which may have reference significance for the modification of polysaccharides with heightened bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirun Cheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Meihong Cai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Xue H, Zhang P, Zhang C, Gao Y, Tan J. Research progress in the preparation, structural characterization, and biological activities of polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129923. [PMID: 38325677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines are tremendous sources of polysaccharides, which are of great interest in the human welfare system as natural medicines, food, and cosmetics. This review aims to highlight the recent trends in extraction (conventional and non-conventional), purification and analytic techniques of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides (TCMPs), and the chemical structure, biological activities (anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, intestinal flora regulation, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and other activities), and the underlying mechanisms of polysaccharides extracted from 76 diverse traditional Chinese medicines were compared and discussed. With this wide coverage, a total of 164 scientific articles were searched from the database including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and China Knowledge Network. This comprehensive survey from previous reports indicates that TCMPs are non-toxic, highly biocompatible, and good biodegradability. Besides, this review highlights that TCMPs may be excellent functional factors and effective therapeutic drugs. Finally, the current problems and future research advances of TCMPs are also introduced. New valuable insights for the future researches regarding TCMPs are also proposed in the fields of therapeutic agents and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Pengqi Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Can Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Heilongjiang University, No.74 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
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Tian H, Gu Y, Lv Z, Wang L. The exopolysaccharides produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides XR1 and its effect on silk drawing phenomenon of yoghurt. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129952. [PMID: 38320635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Yoghurt fermented by Leuconostoc mesenteroides XR1 from Kefir grains was found to produce a unique silk drawing phenomenon. This property was found to be associated with the exopolysaccharides (EPS), X-EPS, produced by strain XR1. In order to better understand the mechanism that produced this phenomenon, the X-EPS was extracted, purified and characterized. The molecular weight and monosaccharide composition were determined by size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering (SEC-MALLS) and ion chromatography (IC) analysis, respectively. The results showed that its molecular weight was 4.183 × 106 g/mol and its monosaccharide composition was glucose, and glucuronic acid, with the contents of 567.6148 and 0.2096 μg/mg, respectively. FT-IR and NMR analyses showed that X-EPS was an α-pyranose polysaccharide and was composed of 92.22 % α-(1 → 6) linked d-glucopyranose units and 7.77 % α-(1 → 3) branching. Furthermore, it showed a chain-like microstructure with branches in atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments. These results suggested that the unique structure of X-EPS, gave the yoghurt a strong viscosity and cohesiveness, which resulted in the silk drawing phenomenon. This work suggested that X-EPS holds the potential for food and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Tian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yachun Gu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zili Lv
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Shao J, Li T, Zeng S, Dong J, Chen X, Zang C, Yao X, Li H, Yu Y. The structures of two acidic polysaccharides from Gardenia jasminoides and their potential immunomodulatory activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125895. [PMID: 37481185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
This study identified two homogeneous acidic polysaccharides from Gardeniae fructus, GJP50-3 and GJP50-4, which exhibited potential immunomodulatory activities in macrophage activation assays, via liquid-chip technology, and in a zebrafish model. Monosaccharide composition analysis and gel permeation chromatography revealed that GJP50-3 and GJP50-4 were composed of Rha, GalA, Glc, Gal, and Ara in specific ratios and had molecular weights of 91.5 kDa and 140.3 kDa, respectively. Based on FT-IR, GC-MS, and NMR analyses, these polysaccharides were identified as typical pectin polysaccharides with methylation degrees of 24.7 % and 21.4 %, respectively. The primary structures of GJP50-3 and GJP50-4 included linear HG domains and branched RG-I domains with arabinans and AG side chains. In vitro, GJP50-3 and GJP50-4 could stimulate NO release and increase the secretion of TNF-α in a RAW 264.7 macrophage model. Luminex liquid suspension chip detection revealed that GJP50-3 significantly promoted the secretion of multiple interleukins [IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12 (p40), IL-12 (p70), IL-13], TNF-α, and chemokines (G-CSF, GM-CSF, MCP-1 and RANTES). In vivo, these polysaccharides could also increase NO release and neutrophil count in a zebrafish model. These findings suggested that GJP50-3 and GJP50-4 might have the potential to be used as immunomodulators in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junran Shao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ting Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Siying Zeng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Caixia Zang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haibo Li
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Zhang J, Zhao J, Liu G, Li Y, Liang L, Liu X, Xu X, Wen C. Advance in Morchella sp. polysaccharides: Isolation, structural characterization and structure-activity relationship: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125819. [PMID: 37455001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Morchella sp. is a kind of precious medicinal and edible fungus with a unique flavor and is rich in various amino acids and organic germanium needed by the human body. Most notably, Morchella sp. polysaccharides have attracted widespread attention due to their significant bioactivity in recent years. At present, extensive studies have been carried out on the extraction methods, structural characterization and activity evaluation of Morchella sp. polysaccharides, which provides a good theoretical basis for its further development and application. However, the systematic summary of the related research of Morchella sp. polysaccharides has not been reported yet. Therefore, this review mainly focused on the isolation and purification methods, structural characterization, biological activities and structure-activity relationship of Morchella sp. polysaccharides. This work will help to have a better in-depth understanding of Morchella sp. polysaccharides and provide a scientific basis and direct reference for more scientific and rational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jiayin Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Guoyan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Youdong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Li Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Xin Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
| | - Chaoting Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
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10
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Li Y, Guo X, Zhong R, Ye C, Chen J. Structure characterization and biological activities evaluation of two hetero-polysaccharides from Lepista nuda: Cell antioxidant, anticancer and immune-modulatory activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125204. [PMID: 37271268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides LNP-1 and LNP-2 were extracted and purified from Lepista nuda, and their structural characteristics and biological activities were evaluated. The molecular weights of LNP-1 and LNP-2 were determined to be 16,263 Da and 17,730 Da, respectively. The monosaccharide composition analysis showed that LNP-1 and LNP-2 were composed of fucose, mannose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.00:2.42:1.09:4.04 and 1.00:2.39:1.61:4.23, respectively. The structure analysis revealed that these two polysaccharides were mainly composed of T-Fuc, T-Man, T-Glc, 1,6-Glc 1,6-Gal, and 1,2,6-Man, 1,2,6-Gal. Additionally, LNP-2 contained an additional 1,4-Glc glycosidic linkage in comparison to LNP-1. Both LNP-1 and LNP-2 exhibited anti-proliferation effects on A375 cells, but not on HepG2 cells. Furthermore, LNP-2 showed better cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) than LNP-1. RT-PCR results indicated that LNP-1 and LNP-2 could induce macrophages to secrete immune-modulatory factors NO, IL-6, and TNF-α by regulating their mRNA expression. Overall, this study provides a theoretical basis for the further development of the structure-function relationship of polysaccharides from L. nuda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xuxiang Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ruifang Zhong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Changming Ye
- Era Biotechnology(Shenzhen)Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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11
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Yu B, Zhang D, Wu Y, Tao W, Luorong Q, Luo J, Tan L, Chen H, Cao W. A new polysaccharide from Hawk tea: Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity associated with regulating gut microbiota. Food Chem 2023; 418:135917. [PMID: 36940546 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel 28.6 kDa acidic polysaccharide (HTP-1), containing → 4)-GalpA-(1→, →2)-Rhap-(1 → and → 3,6)-Galp-(1 → residues as the backbone, analogous to pectin, was isolated from mature Hawk tea leaves. HTP-1 exhibited significant immunoregulatory activities on CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice in a dose-depend manner by alleviating jejunum injury and improving the levels of immune organ indexes, cytokines and immunoglobulins. Moreover, HTP-1 supplementation boosted the content of SCFAs, altered the intestinalmicrobiota composition, and raised the abundances of beneficial bacteria Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcaceae, which showed a strong positive correlation with most immune indicators. The current findings suggested that the immunomodulatory action of HTP-1 might rely on the regulation of the gut microbiota, and these results may also serve as a foundation for the future exploitation of HTP-1 as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yingqin Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Tao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Quji Luorong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Juan Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lihong Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Weiguo Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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12
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Çalhan SD, Meryemoğlu B, Eroğlu P, Saçlı B, Kalderis D. Subcritical Water Extraction of Onosma mutabilis: Process Optimization and Chemical Profile of the Extracts. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052314. [PMID: 36903560 PMCID: PMC10005700 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aboveground and root parts of Onosma mutabilis were extracted using subcritical water and the process was optimized with response surface methodology. The composition of the extracts was determined by chromatographic methods and compared to that of conventional maceration of the plant. The optimum total phenolic contents for the aboveground part and the roots were 193.9 and 174.4 μg/g, respectively. These results were achieved at a subcritical water temperature of 150 °C, an extraction time of 180 min, and a water/plant ratio of 0.1, for both parts of the plant. Principal component analysis revealed that the roots contained mainly phenols, ketones, and diols, with the aboveground part mostly alkenes and pyrazines, whereas the extract from maceration contained mainly terpenes, esters, furans, and organic acids. The quantification of selected phenolic substances showed that subcritical water extraction compared favorably to maceration, especially with respect to pyrocatechol (1062 as compared to 10.2 μg/g) and epicatechin (1109 as compared to 23.4 μg/g). Furthermore, the roots of the plant contained twice as much of these two phenolics compared to the aboveground part. Subcritical water extraction of O. mutabilis is an environmentally friendly method that can extract selected phenolics at higher concentrations compared to maceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selda Doğan Çalhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin 33169, Turkey
- Correspondence: (S.D.Ç.); (D.K.)
| | - Bahar Meryemoğlu
- Central Research Laboratory, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey
| | - Pelin Eroğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin 33110, Turkey
| | - Barış Saçlı
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin 33110, Turkey
| | - Dimitrios Kalderis
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 73100 Chania, Greece
- Correspondence: (S.D.Ç.); (D.K.)
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13
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Ni G, Xu J, Tian Y, Liu X, Gao J, Gao Q, Shen Y, Yan Z. Sulfated modification, basic characterization, antioxidant and anticoagulant potentials of polysaccharide from Sagittaria trifolia. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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14
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Bai L, Tan C, Ren J, Liu J, Zou W, Liu G, Sheng Y. Cordyceps militaris acidic polysaccharides improve learning and memory impairment in mice with exercise fatigue through the PI3K/NRF2/HO-1 signalling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:158-172. [PMID: 36521708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Excessive exercise leads to body fatigue and destroys the balance of the oxidation/oxidation resistance system in the body, thus damaging the central nervous system and reducing learning and memory ability. Nrf2 is an important transcription factor that regulates the cell oxidative stress response. Therefore, the research and development of natural antioxidants with the effect of regulating Nrf2-related signalling pathways to improve central fatigue caused by body fatigue has application value. Methods and results: Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides were extracted, isolated and purified via DEAE-cellulose 52 and Sepharose CL-6B columns to obtain two saccharides, Cordyceps militaris acidic polysaccharides (CMPB) and CMPB-b. The results of behavioural tests showed that compared with the model group, the learning and memory abilities of the CMPB-H group (800 mg/kg) mice were remarkably improved in the dark avoidance and Morris water maze tasks (p < 0.01), and the levels of fatigue metabolites and oxidative stress in the body were obviously decreased (p < 0.01). The expression level of BDNF, PI3K, Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in the hippocampus were significantly increased (p < 0.01). In vitro experiments, compared with the PC12 oxidative stress model group, CMPB-b high-dose group (100 μg/mL) had remarkably improved oxidative stress. CMPB-b also obviously promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT proteins (p < 0.01) and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 (p < 0.01), and significantly increased the expression of HO-1 (p < 0.01). Conclusion: CMPB can alleviate the fatigue state of high-intensity swimming mice and improve the learning and memory impairment of exercise-fatigue mice by regulating the Nrf2-related signalling pathway. Its antioxidant active component CMPB-b exerts in vitro antioxidative neurological damage by the same mechanism. Our systematic studies provide strong supporting evidence for the future use of Cordyceps militaris acidic polysaccharides in health products to improve resistance to fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China; INNOBIO Corporation Limited, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, China
| | - Chaojie Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Wenqi Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Guangchen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Yu Sheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China.
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15
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Sun Y, Liu Y, Li J, Yan S. Acetic Acid Immersion Alleviates the Softening of Cooked Sagittaria sagittifolia L. Slices by Affecting Cell Wall Polysaccharides. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030506. [PMID: 36766035 PMCID: PMC9914095 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the mechanism for acetic acid pretreatment to improve cell wall integrity and thereby enhance the hardness of cooked Sagittaria sagittifolia L. slices by affecting polysaccharides in the cell wall. Distilled water immersion and 0.6% acetic acid immersion (the solid/liquid ratio is 1:10) for 15 h at room temperature could result in the conversion of pectin through different reactions during thermal processing. Combined in situ and in vitro analysis demonstrated that acetic acid pretreatment could promote the interaction of cellulose microfiber or hemicellulose with RG-Ⅰ side chains during thermal processing of S. sagittifolia L. slices, promote the entanglement between linear pectin molecules and make hemicellulose show a lower molecular weight under cooking, making it easy to firmly bind to pectin, which resulted in texture changes. The findings may help improve the texture of thermally processed vegetables and fruits and deep processing of starchy vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanzhao Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Aquatic Vegetable Preservation and Processing Technology Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shoulei Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Aquatic Vegetable Preservation and Processing Technology Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence:
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16
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Zhang C, Fu Q, Hua Y, Zhang H, Duan Y. Correlation of conformational changes and immunomodulatory activity of lentinan under different subcritical water temperature. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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17
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Ji X, Wang Z, Hao X, Zhu Y, Lin Y, Li G, Guo X. Structural characterization of a new high molecular weight polysaccharide from jujube fruit. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1012348. [PMID: 36466429 PMCID: PMC9713635 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1012348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
From Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Muzao fruit, a new polysaccharide (PZMP3-1) with high molecular weight was isolated. Constructional characterization revealed that PZMP3-1 comprized 2.56 rhamnose, 7.70 arabinoses, 3.73 galactose, and 6.73 galactose, and it has a 241 kDa average molecular weight. The principal structural components of PZMP3-1 were 1,2,4 and 1,4-linked GalpA, 1,4-linked Galp, 1,3 and 1,5-linked Araf, and 1-linked Rhap based on methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) analyses. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) structural analysis of PZMP3-1 revealed a tangled and branching pattern. Overall, these structural results suggested that PZMP3-1 could have unique bioactivities and be widely used in nutritional supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Ji
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, Zhengzhou, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiyu Hao
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoli Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Xudan Guo
- Basic Medical College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Hebei TCM Formula Preparation Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang, China
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18
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Nataraj A, Govindan S, Ramani P, Subbaiah KA, Sathianarayanan S, Venkidasamy B, Thiruvengadam M, Rebezov M, Shariati MA, Lorenzo JM, Pateiro M. Antioxidant, Anti-Tumour, and Anticoagulant Activities of Polysaccharide from Calocybe indica (APK2). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091694. [PMID: 36139769 PMCID: PMC9495384 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial structural features and in vitro biological study of crude polysaccharides from Calocybe indica (CICP) extracted by hot water followed by ethanol precipitation was investigated. High-performance gel permeation chromatography, HPLC-DAD, UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Congo red methods were used to determine structural features. The results revealed that CICP is a hetero-polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 9.371 × 104 Da and 2.457 × 103 Da which is composed of xylose, mannose, fucose, rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, and glucose. The antioxidant activity of CICP was evaluated using radical scavenging activity (three methods), reducing ability (three methods), metal chelating activity, and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity (two methods). It was found that the antioxidant capacity is concentration-dependent and EC50 values were found to be 1.99–3.82 mg/mL (radical scavenging activities), 0.78–2.78 mg/mL (reducing ability), 4.11 mg/mL (metal chelating activity), and 0.56–4.18 mg/mL (lipid peroxidation inhibition activity). In vitro anticoagulant assay revealed that CICP could prolong activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), but not prothrombin time (PT). CICP exhibited antiproliferative activity on HeLa, PC3, HT29, HepG2, and Jurkat cell lines with IC50 (μg/mL) values of 148.40, 143.60,151.00, 168.30, and 156.30, respectively. The above findings suggested that CICP could be considered a natural antioxidant and cancer preventative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Nataraj
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem 636011, India
| | - Sudha Govindan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem 636011, India
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (P.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Prasanna Ramani
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (P.R.); (M.P.)
| | | | - S. Sathianarayanan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, 26 Talalikhin st., 109316 Moscow, Russia
- Biophotonics center, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, 38 Vavilov st., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Semey Branch of the Institute, Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry, 238«G» Gagarin Ave., Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnoloxía dos Alimentos, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (P.R.); (M.P.)
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19
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Wu DT, Fu MX, Guo H, Hu YC, Zheng XQ, Gan RY, Zou L. Microwave-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction, Structural Characteristics, and Biological Functions of Polysaccharides from Sweet Tea (Lithocarpus litseifolius) Leaves. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081578. [PMID: 36009297 PMCID: PMC9405522 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaf of sweet tea (Lithocarpus litseifolius) is widely used as an edible and medicinal plant in China, which is rich in bioactive polysaccharides. In order to explore and promote the application of sweet tea polysaccharides in the functional food industry, the microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction (MDAE) of polysaccharides from sweet tea leaves was optimized, and the structural properties and biological functions of sweet tea polysaccharides prepared by MDAE (P-DM) were investigated and compared with that of hot water extraction (P-W). The maximum yield (4.16% ± 0.09%, w/w) of P-DM was obtained under the optimal extraction conditions (extraction time of 11.0 min, extraction power of 576.0 W, water content in deep eutectic solvent of 21.0%, and liquid–solid ratio of 29.0 mL/g). Additionally, P-DM and P-W possessed similar constituent monosaccharides and glycosidic bonds, and the homogalacturonan (HG) and arabinogalactan (AG) might exist in both P-DM and P-W. Notably, the lower molecular weight, higher content of total uronic acids, and higher content of conjugated polyphenols were observed in P-DW compared to P-W, which might contribute to its much stronger in vitro antioxidant, anti-diabetic, antiglycation, and prebiotic effects. Besides, both P-DW and P-W exhibited remarkable in vitro immunostimulatory effects. The findings from the present study indicate that the MDAE has good potential to be used for efficient extraction of bioactive polysaccharides from sweet tea leaves and P-DM can be developed as functional food ingredients in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Meng-Xi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Yi-Chen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
- Correspondence: or (R.-Y.G.); (L.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-80203191 (R.Y.-G.); +86-28-84616061 (L.Z.)
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- Correspondence: or (R.-Y.G.); (L.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-80203191 (R.Y.-G.); +86-28-84616061 (L.Z.)
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20
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Yang J, Li Y, Zhang W, Liu S, Yang G, Yan Z, Liu Y. Microwave-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction, Partial Characterization, and Antioxidant Potential of Polysaccharides from Sagittaria trifolia Tuber. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200219. [PMID: 35920791 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sagittaria trifolia tuber is an aquatic vegetable. In this work, microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction (MEE) was used to extract S. trifolia tuber polysaccharides (STTPs). Optimum conditions were complex enzyme of 2 %, liquid-to-solid ratio of 43 : 1 mL g-1 , microwave power of 506 W, and time of 8 min, under which STTPs yield was 36.22±0.69 %, higher than those of other methods. STTPs were sulfated polysaccharides with sulfur valence of S6+ . STTPs comprised mannose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose at a mole ratio of 3.69 : 19.33 : 6.21 : 1.00, molecular weights of 3606 kDa and 149.6 kDa, particle size of 220 nm, and zeta potential of -5.02 mV. The surface of STTPs was full of bumps and holes, and abundant in O1s and non-functionalized C1s. STTPs would scavenge reactive oxygen species with advantage. It would provide an efficient MEE method to obtain antioxidant STTPs, also a clue for extracting polysaccharides from starch-rich crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingchun Yang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuyue Liu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guihong Yang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaowei Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Huang Y, Chen H, Zhang K, Lu Y, Wu Q, Chen J, Li Y, Wu Q, Chen Y. Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and gut microbiota relationship of polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:967-986. [PMID: 35697165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis is one of the major causes of the occurrence of metabolic syndromes, such as obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases. Polysaccharide-based microbial therapeutic strategies have excellent potential in the treatment of metabolic syndromes, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Identification of the internal regulatory mechanism of the gut microbiome and the interaction mechanisms involving bacteria and the host are essential to achieve precise control of the gut microbiome and obtain valuable clinical data. Polysaccharides cannot be directly digested; the behavior in the intestinal tract is considered a "bridge" between microbiota and host communication. To provide a relatively comprehensive reference for researchers in the field, we will discuss the polysaccharide extraction and purification processes and chemical and structural characteristics, focusing on the polysaccharides in gut microbiota through the immune system, gut-liver axis, gut-brain axis, energy axis interactions, and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kunfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongming Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qianzheng Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jielin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qingxi Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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22
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Hu Z, Wang J, Jin L, Duan Y, Zhang X, Sun J, Zhou W, Li G. Isolation and Structural Characterization of Two Polysaccharides from Dracocephalum moldavica and Their Anti-Complementary Activity. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200294. [PMID: 35594039 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The two novel polysaccharides, DMP-1 and DMP-2, with molecular weights of 4.1553×105 kDa and 1.9764×105 kDa, respectively, were isolated from Dracocephalum moldavica. The structural characterization indicated that DMP-1 and DMP-2 shared a similar backbone consisting of →5)-Araf-(1→, Manp-(1→, Glcp-(1→, →2)-Manp-(1→, →6)-Glcp-(1→ and →3,6)-Galp-(1→ with a different molar ratios and triple-helix structures with α- and β-type glycosidic bonds. The anti-complementary activity evaluation showed that DMP-1 and DMP-2 had strong complement inhibition through the classical pathway (CP), alternative pathway (AP) and lectin pathway (LP). Mechanistic studies indicated that DMP-1 can block the activation cascade of the complement system by targeting C2, C3, C5, C9, Factor B and Factor P, and that DMP-2 inhibited complement activation by blocking C2, C3, C4, C5, C9 and Factor B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, P. R. China
| | - Long Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqi Duan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, P. R. China
| | - Gao Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, P. R. China
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23
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Yang Z, Liu Z, Xu J, Zhu J, Pu Y, Bao Y. Study on the physicochemical properties and immunomodulatory anti-tumor effect of the Pholiota adiposa polysaccharide. Food Funct 2022; 13:5153-5165. [PMID: 35420612 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03628a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the extraction, purification, physical and chemical properties, and biological activity of the Pholiota adiposa (PAP) polysaccharide were investigated. One fraction (PAP-1a) of Pholiota adiposa polysaccharides was isolated using DEAE Sepharose™ Fast Flow and Sephacryl™ S-300 High-Resolution columns. The HPLGPC results revealed that the molecular weight of PAP-1a was 16.453 kDa. PAP-1a was composed of mannose, ribose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose and their molar % was 33.41, 0.53, 1.33, 0.07, 0.27, 5.28, 38.31, 0.83, 18.04 and 2.23, respectively. PAP-1a could activate macrophages to secrete NO and cytokines such as TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-12p70. When hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCCs) and macrophages were co-cultured, it was observed that PAP-1a inhibited the growth of Hep-G2, Hep-3B, and Huh7 via immunoregulation. It triggered cell apoptosis by blocking the cell cycle in the G0/G1 stage. Furthermore, PAP-1a had no direct cytotoxicity against the hepatocyte cell line L02 and macrophages RAW264.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Zijing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Junmo Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Youwei Pu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Yixi Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
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24
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Zongo AWS, Zogona D, Zhang Z, Youssef M, Zhou P, Chen Y, Geng F, Chen Y, Li J, Li B. Immunomodulatory activity of Senegalia macrostachya (Reichenb. ex DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr seed polysaccharide fraction through the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway in RAW264.7 macrophages. Food Funct 2022; 13:4664-4677. [PMID: 35377370 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04432j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Senegalia macrostachya (Reichenb. ex DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr seed (SMS) is a wild legume used as food and medicine in many African countries. In the current study, a novel polysaccharide (SMSP2) was extracted from SMS using hot water and purified with DEAE-52 cellulose. Its structure was characterized, and the immunomodulatory activity and possible molecular mechanism in murine macrophage RAW264.7 were explored. The results revealed that SMSP2 was a uronic acid-rich polysaccharide (51.6%, w/w) with a molecular weight of 52.07 kDa. The neutral sugars were mainly arabinose, xylose, mannose, and galactose at a molar ratio of 1.00 : 0.84 : 0.90 : 0.07. Interestingly, SMSP2 treatment markedly promoted macrophage proliferation and phagocytosis and induced the expression of inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10. SMSP2-induced macrophage stimulation occurs through the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Moreover, macrophage surface complement receptor 3 (CR3) might play an important role in SMSP2-induced macrophage activation. This study revealed that SMSP2 is a potent immunomodulator, which could be used as a functional food and a pharmaceutical adjuvant in treating immune-compromising diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Wend-Soo Zongo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Center for Research in Biological Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Daniel Zogona
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Center for Research in Biological Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Mahmoud Youssef
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Peiyuan Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Fang Geng
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Yijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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25
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Wang L, Gu Y, Lv Z. Processing properties of yogurt as affected by the EPS produced by
Leuconostoc mesenteroides
XR1. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Xuefu Road 301Zhenjiang212013 JiangsuChina
| | - Yachun Gu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Xuefu Road 301Zhenjiang212013 JiangsuChina
| | - Zili Lv
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women‐Children Hospital Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610041 China
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26
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Liu G, Zhang J, Kan Q, Song M, Hou T, An S, Lin H, Chen H, Hu L, Xiao J, Chen Y, Cao Y. Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Immunomodulatory Activity of a High Molecular Weight Polysaccharide From Ganoderma lucidum. Front Nutr 2022; 9:846080. [PMID: 35399669 PMCID: PMC8990850 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.846080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) exhibited excellent immunomodulatory activity. Unfortunately, the structure and immunomodulatory activity of GLP are still unclear. GLP was separated into two fractions [high Mw Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RGLP) and low Mw EGLP] using 10 kDa cut-off ultrafiltration membrane. Although the RGLP content was low in GLP, the immunomodulatory activity in RGLP was significantly higher than that of EGLP. Moreover, RGLP was further separated via the Sephacryl column to obtain RGLP-1 showed the best immunomodulatory activity in the macrophage RAW264.7 model. Structural analysis revealed that RGLP-1 was 3,978 kDa and mainly consisted of glucose. Periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and methylation results indicated that RGLP-1 is a β-pyran polysaccharide mainly with 1→3, 1→4, 1→6, and 1→3, 6 glycosyl bonds at a molar ratio of 40.08: 8.11: 5.62: 17.81. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Congo red experiments revealed that RGLP-1 intertwined with each other to form circular aggregates and might possess a globular structure with triple-helix conformation in water. Overall, these results provide RGLP-1 as a potential functional food ingredient or pharmaceutical for immunomodulatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qixin Kan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyue Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyu An
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Liuyun Hu
- Infinitus China Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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27
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Feng Y, Juliet IC, Qin W, Duan Y, Gao X, Liu Q, Zhang H, Ma H. Rheology, In Vitro Digestion and Functional Properties of
Sagittaria sagittifolia
L. Resistant Starch as Affected by Different Preparation Methods. STARCH-STARKE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Igbokwe Chidimma Juliet
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture University of Nigeria Nsukka Enugu state Nigeria
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Xingxing Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Qiaoling Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
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28
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Feng Y, Qiu Y, Duan Y, He Y, Xiang H, Sun W, Zhang H, Ma H. Characterization, antioxidant, antineoplastic and immune activities of selenium modified Sagittaria sagittifolia L. polysaccharides. Food Res Int 2022; 153:110913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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29
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Raza H, Liang Q, Ameer K, Ma H, Ren X. Dual-frequency power ultrasound effects on the complexing index, physicochemical properties, and digestion mechanism of arrowhead starch-lipid complexes. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 84:105978. [PMID: 35278848 PMCID: PMC8917315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Multi-scale structural interactions of the arrowhead starch-linoleic/stearic acid complexes under different durations (20, 40 & 60 min) of dual-frequency power ultrasound (DFPU, 20/40 kHz) and their underlying mechanisms were discussed. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed V6 type (V6-I, II) crystalline structure for ultrasonically-treated arrowhead starch-linoleic acid (UTAS-LA) complexes. An increased degree of short-range molecular order as IR ratios of 1045/1022 cm-1 was evident from the FTIR results. The complexing index (CI) values of the complexes were greater than 65%, and the highest CI values of 83.04% and 81.26% were found in the case of UTAS-LA40 and UTAS-LA60, respectively. SEM results showed that LA-complexes had a sponge-like structure with smooth surfaces, while the SA-complexes exhibited flaky structures with irregular shapes and rough surfaces. The V-type complexes exhibited a higher digestion resistance than native AS and un-sonicated AS-LA/SA complexes due to partial RDS convention to RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husnain Raza
- Jiangsu University, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Qiufang Liang
- Jiangsu University, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Kashif Ameer
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Haile Ma
- Jiangsu University, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- Jiangsu University, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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30
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Li M, Li W, Li D, Tian J, Xiao L, Kwok LY, Li W, Sun Z. Structure characterization, antioxidant capacity, rheological characteristics and expression of biosynthetic genes of exopolysaccharides produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IMAU11823. Food Chem 2022; 384:132566. [PMID: 35247774 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from lactic acid bacteria have special functions and complex structures, but the function and structure of EPSs of the important dairy starter, Lactococcus (L.) lactis subsp. lactis, are less known. This study investigated the cytotoxicity, antioxidant capacities, rheological characteristics, chemical structure and expression of biosynthetic genes of EPSs of the L. lactis subsp. lactis IMAU11823. The EPSs showed strong reducing power and no cytotoxicity. EPS-1 comprised glucose and mannose (molar ratio of 7.01: 1.00) and molecular weight was 6.10 × 105 Da, while EPS-2 comprised mannose, glucose and rhamnose (7.45: 1.00: 2.34) and molecular weight was 2.93 × 105 Da. EPS-1 was a linear structure comprised two sugar residues, while EPS-2 was more complex, non-linear, and comprised eight sugar residues. In additions, our study proposed an EPS biosynthesis model for the IMAU11823 strain. The current findings have broadened the understanding of the formation, structure and function of complex EPSs of IMAU11823.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (Inner Mongolia Agricultural University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, PR China
| | - Weicheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (Inner Mongolia Agricultural University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, PR China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (Inner Mongolia Agricultural University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, PR China
| | - Juanjuan Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Luyao Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (Inner Mongolia Agricultural University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering (Inner Mongolia Agricultural University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, PR China.
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31
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Zhong RF, Yang JJ, Geng JH, Chen J. Structural characteristics, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory activities of a purified polysaccharide from Lactarius volemus Fr. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:967-977. [PMID: 34655586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lactarius volemus Fr. is an edible mushroom widely consumed in China. Polysaccharide is an important nutritional component of L. volemus. This research aimed to isolate the polysaccharide from L. volemus and study its structure and bioactivities. A purified polysaccharide was identified and named as LVF-I whose primary structure was proposed considering the comprehensive results of monosaccharide composition, periodate oxidation-smith degradation, methylation analysis, FT-IR and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy. Then the immunomodulation of LVF-I and its inhibition effect on H1299 and MCF-7 cells were investigated. Results showed that LVF-I (12,894 Da) contained fucose, mannose, glucose and galactose. It had a backbone consisting of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Manp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Galp-(1 → and →4)-β-D-Manp-(1→. And its side chains were branched at C2 of →4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → by →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, α-D-Glcp-(1→, α-D-Galp-(1 → and α-L-Fucp-(1→. LVF-I (250-1000 μg/mL) could inhibit the proliferation of H1299 and MCF-7 cells, while enhance the proliferative response of splenocyte and the phagocytic ability of RAW264.7. Furthermore, LVF-I (250-1000 μg/mL) significantly induced the secretion of nitric oxide, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by up-regulating their mRNA expression in macrophages. These results suggested that LVF-I had the potential to be developed as antitumor or immunomodulatory agents by inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells and stimulating macrophages-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fang Zhong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jing-Juan Yang
- School of Chinese Material medica, Yunnan University of Chinese medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jia-Huan Geng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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32
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Liu GK, Yang TX, Wang JR. Polysaccharides from Polyporus umbellatus: A review on their extraction, modification, structure, and bioactivities. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:124-134. [PMID: 34419536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fries, a well-known medicinal fungus, has been reported to exhibit important functions of diuresis and dampness infiltration in traditional Chinese Medicine. Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that the P. umbellatus polysaccharides (PUPs) are the main and representative pharmacologically active ingredients and display multiple bioactivities both in vivo and in vitro methods, such as those of antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antitumor, anti-proliferative and hepatoprotective. Besides, many PUPs have been isolated from the different sources of P. umbellatus, including sclerotia, fruiting body, mycelia and fermentation liquid of this fungus. The purpose of the present review is to comprehensively and systematically reorganize the available information related to the extraction, purification, modification, structure characterization and to discuss diverse biological activities of PUPs to support their potential application value in pharmaceuticals field, functional foods and cosmetics areas. In addition, new invaluable insights on the future research with PUPs have also been proposed in the important areas of structural characterization and pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ku Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai Road, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China.
| | - Tai-Xin Yang
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai Road, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Jun-Ru Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A & F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Li F, Lei H, Xu H. Influences of subcritical water extraction on the characterization and biological properties of polysaccharides from
Morchella sextelata. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Hongjie Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Huaide Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
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Deep Eutectic Solvent-Assisted Extraction, Partially Structural Characterization, and Bioactivities of Acidic Polysaccharides from Lotus Leaves. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102330. [PMID: 34681379 PMCID: PMC8534793 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lotus leaves are often discarded as byproducts in the lotus industry. Polysaccharides are regarded as one of the essentially bioactive components in lotus leaves. Therefore, in order to promote the application of lotus leaves in the functional food industry, the deep eutectic solvent (DES) assisted extraction of polysaccharides from lotus leaves (LLPs) was optimized, and structural and biological properties of LLPs extracted by DES and hot water were further investigated. At the optimal extraction conditions (water content of 61.0% in DES, extraction temperature of 92 °C, liquid-solid ratio of 31.0 mL/g and extraction time of 126 min), the maximum extraction yield (5.38%) was obtained. Furthermore, LLP-D extracted by DES and LLP-W extracted by hot water possessed the same sugar residues, such as 1,4-α-D-GalAp, 1,4-α-D-GalAMep, 1,3,6-β-D-Galp, 1,4-β-D-Galp, 1,5-α-L-Araf, and 1,2-α-L-Rhap, suggesting the presence of homogalacturonan (HG), rhamnogalacturonan I and arabinogalactan in both LLP-W and LLP-D. Notably, LLP-D was much richer in HG fraction than that of LLP-W, suggesting that the DES could assist to specifically extract HG from lotus leaves. Additionally, the lower molecular weight and higher content of uronic acids were observed in LLP-D, which might contribute to its much stronger in vitro antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory effects. These findings suggest that the optimized DES assisted extraction method can be a potential approach for specific extraction of acidic polysaccharides with good bioactivities from lotus leaves for applications in the functional food industry.
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Mingda H, Jun G, Ziqi L, Yu S, Shuyong L. Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Activities In Vitro of a Neutral Polysaccharide from Ginger (
Zingiber Officinale). STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hou Mingda
- P. E. Scientific College Harbin Normal University Harbin 150025 China
| | - Gao Jun
- P. E. Scientific College Harbin Normal University Harbin 150025 China
| | - Liu Ziqi
- Institute Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China
| | - Shan Yu
- Physical Education, South China Agriculture University Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Liu Shuyong
- P. E. Scientific College Harbin Normal University Harbin 150025 China
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Yang W, Wu J, Liu W, Ai Z, Cheng Y, Wei Z, Zhang H, Ma H, Cui F, Zhou C, Yang L. Structural characterization, antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of Grifola frondosa polysaccharides in novel submerged cultivation. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Gao X, Qi J, Ho CT, Li B, Xie Y, Chen S, Hu H, Chen Z, Wu Q. Purification, Physicochemical Properties, and Antioxidant Activities of Two Low-Molecular-Weight Polysaccharides from Ganoderma leucocontextum Fruiting Bodies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071145. [PMID: 34356378 PMCID: PMC8301108 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two low-molecular-weight polysaccharides (GLP-1 and GLP-2) were purified from Ganoderma leucocontextum fruiting bodies, and their physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities were investigated and compared in this study. The results showed that GLP-1 and GLP-2 were mainly composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, xylose, and arabinose, with weight-average molecular weights of 6.31 and 14.07 kDa, respectively. Additionally, GLP-1 and GLP-2 had a similar chain conformation, crystal structure, and molecular surface morphology. Moreover, GLP-1 exhibited stronger antioxidant activities than GLP-2 in five different assays: 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC). The main linkage types of GLP-1 were found to be →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, and Glcp-(1→ by methylation analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In addition, GLP-1 could protect NIH3T3 cells against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced oxidative damage by increasing catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, elevating the glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio, and decreasing the malondialdehyde (MDA) level. These findings indicated that GLP-1 could be explored as a potential antioxidant agent for application in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (X.G.); (Y.X.); (S.C.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Jiayi Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Q.); (B.L.)
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Q.); (B.L.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Department of Food Science, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yizhen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (X.G.); (Y.X.); (S.C.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Shaodan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (X.G.); (Y.X.); (S.C.); (H.H.)
| | - Huiping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (X.G.); (Y.X.); (S.C.); (H.H.)
| | - Zhongzheng Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Q.); (B.L.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Department of Food Science, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (X.G.); (Y.X.); (S.C.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Q.W.)
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Separation, structural characteristics and biological activity of lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharides separated by aqueous two-phase system. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Cheng Y, Xue F, Yu S, Du S, Yang Y. Subcritical Water Extraction of Natural Products. Molecules 2021; 26:4004. [PMID: 34209151 PMCID: PMC8271798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcritical water refers to high-temperature and high-pressure water. A unique and useful characteristic of subcritical water is that its polarity can be dramatically decreased with increasing temperature. Therefore, subcritical water can behave similar to methanol or ethanol. This makes subcritical water a green extraction fluid used for a variety of organic species. This review focuses on the subcritical water extraction (SBWE) of natural products. The extracted materials include medicinal and seasoning herbs, vegetables, fruits, food by-products, algae, shrubs, tea leaves, grains, and seeds. A wide range of natural products such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, essential oil, flavonoids, glycosides, lignans, organic acids, polyphenolics, quinones, steroids, and terpenes have been extracted using subcritical water. Various SBWE systems and their advantages and drawbacks have also been discussed in this review. In addition, we have reviewed co-solvents including ethanol, methanol, salts, and ionic liquids used to assist SBWE. Other extraction techniques such as microwave and sonication combined with SBWE are also covered in this review. It is very clear that temperature has the most significant effect on SBWE efficiency, and thus, it can be optimized. The optimal temperature ranges from 130 to 240 °C for extracting the natural products mentioned above. This review can help readers learn more about the SBWE technology, especially for readers with an interest in the field of green extraction of natural products. The major advantage of SBWE of natural products is that water is nontoxic, and therefore, it is more suitable for the extraction of herbs, vegetables, and fruits. Another advantage is that no liquid waste disposal is required after SBWE. Compared with organic solvents, subcritical water not only has advantages in ecology, economy, and safety, but also its density, ion product, and dielectric constant can be adjusted by temperature. These tunable properties allow subcritical water to carry out class selective extractions such as extracting polar compounds at lower temperatures and less polar ingredients at higher temperatures. SBWE can mimic the traditional herbal decoction for preparing herbal medication and with higher extraction efficiency. Since SBWE employs high-temperature and high-pressure, great caution is needed for safe operation. Another challenge for application of SBWE is potential organic degradation under high temperature conditions. We highly recommend conducting analyte stability checks when carrying out SBWE. For analytes with poor SBWE efficiency, a small number of organic modifiers such as ethanol, surfactants, or ionic liquids may be added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Fumin Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shuai Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shichao Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
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Zhong C, Liu Z, Zhang X, Pu Y, Yang Z, Bao Y. Physicochemical properties of polysaccharides from Ligusticum chuanxiong and analysis of their anti-tumor potential through immunoregulation. Food Funct 2021; 12:1719-1731. [PMID: 33502414 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02978e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the extraction, purification, physicochemical properties and biological activity of Ligusticum chuanxiong polysaccharides (LCXPs). Two polysaccharide fractions (Ligusticum chuanxiong [LCX]P-1a and LCXP-3a) were obtained by DEAE Sepharose™ Fast Flow and Sephacryl™S-300 high resolution column chromatography. The results showed that the molecular weight of LCXP-1a and LCXP-3a was 11.159 kDa and 203.486 kDa, respectively. LCXP-1a is composed of rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, and glucose at a molar percentage of 0.52 : 1.88 : 1.06 : 95.36, But LCXP-3a has another molar percentage of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose of 0.64 : 6.69 : 1.03 : 43.74 : 2.20 : 26.90 : 0.82 : 15.94 : 1.80. Both LCXP-1a and LCXP-3a could stimulate macrophages to produce NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12p70. Co-culturing macrophages and hepatocellular carcinoma cells showed that LCXP-1a and LCXP-3a inhibited the growth of HepG2 and Hep3B through immunoregulation. They arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, there was no cytotoxicity to the hepatocyte cell line, LO2. We also noted that the immunomodulatory activity and anti-tumor activity of LCXP-3a were significantly better than those of LCXP-1a. Our data demonstrate that LCXP-3a is potentially a well-tolerated and effective immunomodulatory adjuvant cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Zijing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xuyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Youwei Pu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Zhongwei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Yixi Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
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41
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Chang X, Shen CY, Jiang JG. Structural characterization of novel arabinoxylan and galactoarabinan from citron with potential antitumor and immunostimulatory activities. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118331. [PMID: 34294341 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to extract polysaccharides from citron and analyze their structures and potential bioactivities. Two novel polysaccharides CM-1 and CM-2 were purified from citron by DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Monosaccharide composition, linkage and NMR data were used to infer their sugar chains composition. The anti-breast cancer cells and immunoregulatory activities of CM-1 and CM-2 were investigated. Results indicated that CM-1 (Mw = 21,520 Da), composed of arabinose, xylose, mannose and glucose in a molar ratio of 10.78:11.53:1.00:1.70, was arabinoxylan (AX) with (1 → 4)-linked β-d-Xylp skeleton monosubstituted with α-l-Araf units at O-3 position. While CM-2 (Mw = 22,303 Da), composed of arabinose, mannose, glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 25.46:1.45:1.00:6.57, was galactoarabinan (GA) with (1 → 5)-linked α-l-Araf backbone substituted by β-d-Galp units at O-2 and/or O-3 positions. Both polysaccharides exhibited potential inhibiting cancer and immunostimulatory activities in vitro, especially CM-1. These results provide a basis for further research on citron polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chun-Yan Shen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Zhang Y, Yang G, Wang X, Ni G, Cui Z, Yan Z. Sagittaria trifolia tuber: bioconstituents, processing, products, and health benefits. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:3085-3098. [PMID: 33270242 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sagittaria trifolia is an aquatic plant that is distributed worldwide. The edible tuber part of S. trifolia is a very common and popular vegetable in China. The aim of the present review is to discuss the discovery of nutraceuticals from S. trifolia tuber by reviewing its major constituents, food processing, food products, and health-promoting benefits. Sagittaria trifolia tuber comprises a series of nutritional and bioactive constituents, including dietary fibers, amino acids, minerals, starches, non-starch polysaccharides, diterpenoids, colchicine, phenols, and organic acids. Food processing affects its flavor, biocomponents, and bioactivity. Numerous S. trifolia tuber-based food products and nutraceuticals have been developed, but new categories of products and the anticipated functions still need to be explored. The non-starch polysaccharides could be the central ingredients that contribute to the plant's antioxidant, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, lipid-regulating, and immunostimulatory properties. Of these, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects have been thoroughly investigated. Procedures for the extraction and purification of polysaccharides influence their health-promoting actions. Overall, S. trifolia tuber is an underutilized aquatic vegetable species that is an emerging subject for nutraceutical research. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Guihong Yang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Gaoyang Ni
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Zhumei Cui
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Zhaowei Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Ma C, Bai J, Shao C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Li X, Yang Y, Xu Y, Wang L. Degradation of blue honeysuckle polysaccharides, structural characteristics and antiglycation and hypoglycemic activities of degraded products. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wang N, Wu Y, Jia G, Wang C, Xiao D, Goff HD, Guo Q. Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of mycelium polysaccharide from liquid fermentation of Monascus purpureus (Hong Qu). Carbohydr Polym 2021; 262:117945. [PMID: 33838822 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline extracted endopolysaccharides (MPS) from Monascus purpureus (Hong Qu) mycelium were successfully separated into four sub-fractions, namely MPS-1 (18.0 %), MPS-2 (27.1 %), MPS-3 (12.6 %) and MPS-4 (14.7 %), by DEAE-Cellulose column chromatography. By combining monosaccharide composition analysis, methylation analysis and 1D & 2D NMR, the structure of sub-fractions was systematically characterized. Both MPS-1 and MPS-2 were comprised of mannose, glucose and galactose in the molar ratio of 1.5:1.6:1.0 and 10.6:1.0:13.8, respectively. The backbone of them both consisted of 2-α-Manp with several different branched chains. However, MPS-1 contained glucose based sugar residues such as 3-Glcp and 4-Glcp which were not shown on MPS-2. The proposed structures of MPS-3 and MPS-4 were not obtained due to the fairly complex molecular structure and relatively low yield. Moreover, based on the RAW 264.7 cells model, MPS-2 could significantly promote cytokines secretion including IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 and improve expression levels of the related mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Gege Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Changlu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Dongguang Xiao
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - H Douglas Goff
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Wang N, Jia G, Wang X, Liu Y, Li Z, Bao H, Guo Q, Wang C, Xiao D. Fractionation, structural characteristics and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide fractions from asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) skin. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117514. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Structural Identification and Coagulation Effect of Flammulina velutipes Polysaccharides. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Two polysaccharides were isolated successfully from Flammulina velutipes and identified as CHFVP-1 (24.44 kDa) and CHFVP-2 (1497 kDa). Based on the results of Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy regarding the structure of CHFVP-1 and CHFVP-2, CHFVP-1 was constructed with the backbone of→6)-α-D-Galp-(1→ and the branch of Galp by an →3,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→attached with T-β-D-Glcp or t-α-L-Fucp side chains. Meanwhile, the CHFVP-2 was a glucan with the construction of →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ and T-β-D-Glcp. Moreover, the coagulant activity in vitro of CHFVP-1 and CHFVP-2 was evaluated, and the results showed that CHFVP-1 exerts procoagulant activity by shortening the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time (TT), while CHFVP-2 did not reveal a definite coagulant activity. The finding would benefit the further application of F. velutipes in the field of medicine.
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Zhu M, Huang R, Wen P, Song Y, He B, Tan J, Hao H, Wang H. Structural characterization and immunological activity of pectin polysaccharide from kiwano (Cucumis metuliferus) peels. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 254:117371. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Characterization and chemical modification of PLN-1, an exopolysaccharide from Phomopsis liquidambari NJUSTb1. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 253:117197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yu G, Zhao J, Wei Y, Huang L, Li F, Zhang Y, Li Q. Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Pumpkin Polysaccharide ( Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poiret) Modified by Subcritical Water. Foods 2021; 10:197. [PMID: 33478048 PMCID: PMC7835828 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, subcritical water (SCW) was applied to modify pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poiret) polysaccharides, and the properties and antioxidant activity of pumpkin polysaccharides were investigated. SCW treatments at varying temperature led to changes in the rheological and emulsifying properties of pumpkin polysaccharides. SCW treatments efficiently degraded pumpkin polysaccharides and changed the molecular weight distribution. Decreases in intrinsic viscosity, viscosity-average molecular weight, and apparent viscosity were also observed, while the activation energy and flow behavior indices increased. The temperature of SCW treatment has a great influence on the linear viscoelastic properties and antioxidant activity of pumpkin polysaccharides. Pumpkin polysaccharides solution treated by SCW at 150 °C exhibited the highest emulsifying activity and antioxidant activity, which was probably due to a broader molecular mass distribution and more reducing ends exposed after treatment. Scanning electron microscopy showed that SCW treatment changed the microstructure of pumpkin polysaccharides, resulting in the exposure of bigger surface area. Our results suggest that SCW treatment is an effective approach to modify pumpkin polysaccharides to achieve improved solution properties and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunlu Wei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.H.); (F.L.); (Y.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-Thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
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Structural properties and in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory activity of an arabinofuranan from the fruits of Akebia quinata. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 256:117521. [PMID: 33483042 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In our continuous searching for natural active polysaccharides with immunomodulatory activity, an arabinofuranan (AQP70-3) was isolated and purified from the fruits of Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne. by using ion-exchange chromatography and gel permeation chromatography for the first time. AQP70-3 contained both α-l-Araf and β-l-Araf, and the absolute molecular weight was 1.06 × 104 g/mol. The backbone of AQP70-3 comprised →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, and →2,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, with branches of →1)-β-l-Arafand →3)-α-l-Araf-(1→ residues. Biological assay suggested that AQP70-3 can stimulate phagocytic activity and promote the levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) of RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, AQP70-3 was found to increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO in zebrafish embryo model.
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