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Li H, Tan P, Lei W, Yang S, Fan L, Yang X, Liang J, Long F, Zhao X, Gao Z. Effect of microwave-puffed on Auricularia auricula polysaccharide and probiotic fermentation on its biotransformation and quality characteristics during storage period. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 281:136448. [PMID: 39389488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, probiotics with superior fermentation performance were screened, and the mixed-bacteria fermentation was carried out with Auricularia auricula treated with microwave-puffed process as fermentation substrate, and the changes in nutritional quality under different storage conditions were investigated. The results showed that the acid and bile salt resistance of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 21,801 and 21,805 reached 95 % and 75 % respectively, and the intestinal adhesion was superior; microwave puffing treatment had the highest retention rate of A. auricula polysaccharides and the lowest loss of polyphenols, and no effect on soluble protein. Mixed bacterial fermentation significantly increased the total polyphenols and total flavonoids of A. auricula (p < 0.05), and the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging reached 48.31 % and 73.21 % respectively. Furthermore, the viable counts, DPPH radical scavenging, color, and sensory quality of fermented A. auricula remained stable when stored at 4 °C. In contrast, when stored at 25 °C for 7 days, the taste was unfavorable, undesirable odor and spoilage occurred; by 21 days, DPPH clearance rate dropped below 40 % and color changed significantly (△E > 2). In conclusion, the probiotic mixed fermentation and storage conditions had a significant effect on the biometabolic transformation of macromolecules and other substances in A. auricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingjia Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyu Long
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xubo Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenpeng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Qi J, Zhang J, Wang K, Cheng Y, Sheng Q, Kurtovic I, Yuan Y, Yue T. Tibetan kefir grains fermentation alters physicochemical properties and improves antioxidant activities of Lycium barbarum pulp polysaccharides. Food Chem 2024; 453:139659. [PMID: 38776792 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
There is a lack of research on how Tibetan kefir grains fermentation alters the physicochemical properties and biological activity of Lycium barbarum pulp polysaccharides, despite some reports that fermentation can affect the structure and activity of plant polysaccharides. This study demonstrated that, through fermentation, the molecular weight of polysaccharides decreased from 25.33 to 15.11 kg/mol while the contents of total sugar and uronic acid increased by 19.11% and 40.38%, respectively. Furthermore, after fermentation, the polysaccharides exhibited an uneven and rough surface along with a reduced number of branched chains and triple helix structures. Tibetan kefir grains fermentation enhanced the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides, which may be attributed to an increase in arabinose, galactose, and uronic acid content and a decrease in polysaccharide molecular weight. This research offers an alternative viewpoint on the potential application of Tibetan kefir grains-fermented Lycium barbarum pulp polysaccharides in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrui Qi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yifan Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qinglin Sheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Ivan Kurtovic
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Liu M, Liu L, Zhang G, Wang G, Hou R, Zhang Y, Tian X. Study on Optimization of Liquid Fermentation Medium and Antitumor Activity of the Mycelium on Phyllopora lonicerae. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1898-1911. [PMID: 39187449 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2405.05004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Phylloporia lonicerae is an annual fungus that specifically parasitizes living Lonicera plants, offering significant potential for developing new resource food and medicine. However, wild resources and mycelium production of this fungus is limited, and its anti-tumor active ingredients and mechanisms remain unclear, hampering the development of this fungus. Thus, we optimized the fermentation medium of P. lonicerae and studied the anti-tumor activity of its mycelium. The results indicated that the optimum fermentation medium consisted of 2% sucrose, 0.2% peptone, 0.1% KH2PO4, 0.05% MgSO4·7H2O, 0.16% Lonicera japonica petals, 0.18% P fungal elicitor, and 0.21% L. japonica stem. The biomass reached 7.82 ± 0.41 g/l after 15 days of cultivation in the optimized medium, a 142% increase compared with the potato dextrose broth medium, with a 64% reduction in cultivation time. The intracellular alcohol extract had a higher inhibitory effect on A549 and Eca-109 cells than the intracellular water extract, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 2.42 and 2.92 mg/ml, respectively. Graded extraction of the alcohol extract yielded petroleum ether phase, chloroform phase, ethyl acetate phase, and n-butanol phase. Among them, the petroleum ether phase exhibited a better effect than the positive control, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 113.3 μg/ml. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that petroleum ether components could induce apoptosis of Eca-109 cells, suggesting that this extracted component can be utilized as an anticancer agent in functional foods. This study offers valuable technical support and a theoretical foundation for promoting the comprehensive development and efficient utilization of P. lonicerae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Guoli Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Guangyuan Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Ranran Hou
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao266109, P.R. China
| | - Yinghao Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Tian
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P.R. China
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Tang J, He Z, Zhang B, Cheng J, Qiu W, Chen X, Chang C, Wang Q, Hu J, Cai C, Meng Y. Structural properties, bioactivities, structure-activity relationships and bio-applications of polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135941. [PMID: 39326616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Auricularia auricula (A. auricula), is a medicinal and edible fungus in China for thousands of years with rich nutrition and delicious taste. The main active ingredient of A. auricula is polysaccharide, which has antitumor, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and immune regulation bioactivities. It is widely recognized that the biological activity of polysaccharides is closely related to the chemical structure and advanced structure. In terms of polysaccharides extracted from A. auricula (AAPs), there were distinguished structures reported due to the different original resources and extraction methods, leading to various bioactivities. However, the structure-activity relationship of AAPs has scarcely been reviewed till now. In addition, polysaccharides were found to have specific self-assembly properties recently, together with their bioactivities, endowing them with unique physicochemical properties. Nowadays, an increasing number of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, chitin, and pectin, have been used to construct various functional materials in the fields of food, cosmetics, and biomedical materials. Therefore, the construction of functional materials by AAPs is of great research significance. This article aims to provide a systematic review of the structure-activity relationship of AAPs and summarize the functional materials constructed based on AAPs to provide theoretical references for further research and application of AAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zihan He
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Baohui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jingjing Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Wenxiu Qiu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Xinyan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Cong Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Chao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Yan Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan 430065, China.
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Yu J, Cao Y, He F, Xiang F, Wang S, Ke W, Wu W. Polysaccharides from Artemisia argyi leaves: Environmentally friendly ultrasound-assisted extraction and antifatigue activities. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 107:106932. [PMID: 38824698 PMCID: PMC11170280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Artemisia argyi leaf polysaccharide (AALPs) were prepared through ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and their antifatigue activities were evaluated. Extraction was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), which yielded the following optimal UAE conditions: ultrasonication power of 300 W, extraction temperature of 51 °C, liquid:solid ratio of 20 mL/g, and ultrasonication time of 47 mins. The above optimal conditions resulted in the maximum extraction rate of 10.49 %. Compared with hot water extraction (HWE), UAE supported higher yields and total sugar, uronic acid, and sulfate contents of AALPs. Meanwhile, AALP prepared through UAE (AALP-U) exhibited higher stability due to its smaller particle size and higher absolute value of zeta potential than AALP prepared through HWE (AALP-H). In addition, AALP-U demonstrated stronger antioxidant activity than AALP-H. In forced swimming tests on mice, AALP-U could significantly prolong swimming time with a dose-dependent effect, increase liver and muscle glycogen levels, and improve other biochemical indices, thus showing great potential for application in functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huangzhou 438000, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huangzhou 438000, China
| | - Feng He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huangzhou 438000, China
| | - Fu Xiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huangzhou 438000, China
| | - Shuzhen Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huangzhou 438000, China
| | - Wenbing Ke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huangshi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huangshi 435000, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huangzhou 438000, China.
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Feng S, Li K, Lv W, Wen Y, Qin X, Li Z, Du Y. Extraction, characterization, antioxidation and anti-inflammatory activity of polysaccharides from Bupleurum chinense based on different molecular weights. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38824676 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2357667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Bupleurum chinense polysaccharide has a wide range of biological activities. In this study, Bupleurum chinense polysaccharides (BPs), BPs-1 (30 kDa) and BPs-2 (2000 kDa) with different molecular weights were isolated and prepared by ultrafiltration interception method. The structures of BPs, BPs-1 and BPs-2 were characterised by monosaccharide composition, GC-MS, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The results showed that the monosaccharide composition of BPs with different molecular weights was the same, but the proportion was different. BPs, BPs-1 and BPs-2 were mainly connected by Glup-(1→,→2,4)-Araf-(1→,→6)-Glup-(1→). The anti-inflammatory activity screening experiment in vitro showed that BPs-1 had stronger anti-inflammatory effect. Antioxidant experiments showed that BPs-2 had high free radical scavenging activity. This study laid a foundation for elucidating the fine structure and structure-activity relationship of Bupleurum chinense polysaccharides and will promote the product development of Bupleurum chinense polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Feng
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wanwan Lv
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Wen
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuguang Du
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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Li H, Tan P, Lei W, Yang S, Fan L, Yang T, Guo C, Gao Z. Investigation the nutritional properties of Auricularia auricula pulp fermented with Lactobacillus strains and their effects on gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2502-2517. [PMID: 37985238 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auricularia auricula is rich in bioactive components, and microbial fermentation can further dramatically increase its content and bioavailability. However, there are few studies on the relationship between fermented A. auricula pulp (FAAP) and gut microbiota. In this study, standard strains Lactobacillus plantarum 21801 and 21805 purchased from the China Center of Industrial Culture Collection were used to ferment A. auricula pulp at a ratio of 2:1, with an inoculum of 5%, a fermentation temperature of 31 °C, and a fermentation time of 22 h. The nutritional properties, aroma, and color of FAAP and their effects on the body characteristics of mice and the structure and abundance of gut microbiota are discussed. RESULTS The results showed that, compared with A. auricula pulp, FAAP significantly increased the nutritional properties while maintaining favorable sensory quality and flavor profiles. Among them, the content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids reached 22.04 μg mL-1 and 20.56 μg mL-1 respectively, and the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid free-radical scavenging rate increased to 73.21%. The consumption of FAAP had no negative effects on weight or liver and kidney function in mice and dramatically enhanced the antioxidant capacity in the liver and serum. The production of short-chain fatty acids in the gut was promoted, the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, norank_f__Muribaculaceae and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae) increased, and the growth of some pathogenic bacteria (Helicobacter, Mucispirillum, and Alloprevotella) was inhibited. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that FAAP is rich in nutrients and has unique functional properties that promote host health and regulate the gut microbiota. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingjia Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Taihao Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenpeng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
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Liang Z, Li K, Huang W, Li Z, Xu X, Xu H, Li S. Production, structural and functional characteristics of soluble dietary fiber from fermented okara by Penicillium expansum. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126621. [PMID: 37657574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Soluble dietary fiber (SDF), an important prebiotic, has attracted growing attention, due to its great health effects and wide application. This study focused on the preparation of SDF from fermented okara. The yield of SDF obtained through Penicillium expansum fermentation (FSDF) reached 45.63 % (w/w) under the optimal conditions (pH 6.7, inoculum size 9.5 %, and time 29 h) by response surface methodology, which were 1.92 and 4.43 times higher than those of phosphate-citric acid treatment and untreated okara. Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction indicated that three SDFs had similar spectral distribution and crystalline region. Moreover, FSDF displayed looser and more porous microstructures. Meanwhile, the composition ratio of monosaccharides has changed. FSDF exhibited higher water solubility (97.46 %), glucose adsorption capacity (203.73 mg/g), sodium cholate adsorption capacity (13.07 mg/g), cholesterol adsorption capacity (6.69- 7.62 mg/g) and radical (ABTS+, hydroxyl and DPPH) scavenging capacity. Additionally, three SDFs didn't degrade by upper gastrointestinal tract and could improve the proportion of beneficial intestinal flora in vitro, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Overall, the FSDF prepared in this study was a functional ingredient with great potential in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Liang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhaoxia Li
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Zong X, Zhang H, Zhu L, Deehan EC, Fu J, Wang Y, Jin M. Auricularia auricula polysaccharides attenuate obesity in mice through gut commensal Papillibacter cinnamivorans. J Adv Res 2023; 52:203-218. [PMID: 37549868 PMCID: PMC10555930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Auricularia auricula is a well-known traditional edible and medical fungus with high nutritional and pharmacological values, as well as metabolic and immunoregulatory properties. Nondigestible fermentable polysaccharides are identified as primary bioactive constituents of Auricularia auricula extracts. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the effects of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAP) on obesity and related metabolic endpoints, including the role of the gut microbiota, remain insufficiently understood. METHODS The effects of AAP on obesity were assessed within high-fat diet (HFD)-based mice through obesity trait analysis and metabolomic profiling. To determine the mechanistic role of the gut microbiota in observed anti-obesogenic effects AAP, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and pseudo-germ-free mice model treated with antibiotics were also applied, together with 16S rRNA genomic-derived taxonomic profiling. RESULTS High-fat diet (HFD) murine exposure to AAP thwarted weight gains, reduced fat depositing and enhanced glucose tolerance, together with upregulating thermogenesis proteomic biomarkers within adipose tissue. Serum metabolome indicated these effects were associated with changes in fatty acid metabolism. Intestine-dwelling microbial population assessments discovered that AAP selectively enhanced Papillibacter cinnamivorans, a commensal bacterium with reduced presence in HFD mice. Notably, HFD mice treated with oral formulations of P. cinnamivorans attenuated obesity, which was linked to decreased intestinal lipid transportation and hepatic thermogenesis. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that P. cinnamivorans regulated intestinal lipids metabolism and liver thermogenesis by reducing the proinflammatory response and gut permeability in a JAK-STAT signaling-related manner. CONCLUSION Datasets from the present study show that AAP thwarted dietary-driven obesity and metabolism-based disorders by regulating intestinal lipid transportation, a mechanism that is dependent on the gut commensal P. cinnamivorans. These results indicated AAP and P. cinnamivorans as newly identified pre- and probiotics that could serve as novel therapeutics against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Luoyi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Edward C Deehan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Jie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Mingliang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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10
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Luo Q, Li X, Li H, Kong K, Li C, Fang Z, Hu B, Wang C, Chen S, Wu W, Li X, Liu Y, Zeng Z. Effect of in vitro simulated digestion and fecal fermentation on Boletus auripes polysaccharide characteristics and intestinal flora. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126461. [PMID: 37619676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Boletus auripes is edible and medicinal boletus mushrooms rich in diverse nutrients and bioactive compounds, of which indigestible dietary polysaccharides are the most abundant compounds involved the regulation of gut microbes. However, the physicochemical, digestive, and fermentation characteristics of Boletus auripes polysaccharide (BAP) are not well studied. This study aimed to investigate the influence of different digestive stages on BAP's physicochemical characteristics and biological activities, and its effect on intestinal flora. We found that mannose (0.23 %), glucose (0.31 %), galactose (0.17 %), and fucose (0.19 %) were the main monosaccharides of BAP, with a high-molecular-weight (Mw) and a low-Mw fraction of 2084.83 and 62.93 kDa, respectively. During the course of digestion, there were slight alterations in the chemical composition, monosaccharide composition, and Mw of BAP. Despite these changes, the fundamental structural features of BAP remained largely unaffected. Moreover, the antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of BAP were weakened under simulated saliva-gastrointestinal digestion. However, gut microbiota decomposed and utilized BAP to generate various short-chain fatty acids during fermentation, which decreased the pH of fecal cultures. Meanwhile, BAP modulated the gut microbiota composition and increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. These findings suggest that BAP have potential for maintaining intestinal health and protecting against interrelated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Luo
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Keyang Kong
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Saiyan Chen
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Science, Yaan 625014, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Edible fungi cultivation and Physiology Research Center, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Yaan 625014, China.
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11
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Wang G, Xie L, Huang Z, Xie J. Recent advances in polysaccharide biomodification by microbial fermentation: production, properties, bioactivities, and mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-25. [PMID: 37740706 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2259461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are natural chemical compounds that are extensively employed in the food and pharmaceutical industries. They exhibit a wide range of physical and biological properties. These properties are commonly improved by using chemical and physical methods. However, with the advancement of biotechnology and increased demand for green, clean, and safe products, polysaccharide modification via microbial fermentation has gained importance in improving their physicochemical and biological activities. The physicochemical and structural characteristics, biological activity, and modification mechanisms of microbially fermented polysaccharides were reviewed and summarized in this study. Polysaccharide modifications were categorized and discussed in terms of strains and fermentation techniques. The effects of microbial fermentation on the physicochemical characteristics of polysaccharides were highlighted. The impact of modification of polysaccharides on their antioxidant, immune, hypoglycemic, and other activities, as well as probiotic digestive enhancement, were also discussed. Finally, we investigated a potential enzyme-based process for polysaccharide modification via microbial fermentation. Modification of polysaccharides via microbial fermentation has significant value and application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liuming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhibing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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12
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Tong Y, Guo H, Abbas Z, Zhang J, Wang J, Cheng Q, Peng S, Yang T, Bai T, Zhou Y, Li J, Wei X, Si D, Zhang R. Optimizing postbiotic production through solid-state fermentation with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens J and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SN4 enhances antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1229952. [PMID: 37744928 PMCID: PMC10512978 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1229952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postbiotics are an emerging research interest in recent years and are fairly advanced compared to prebiotics and probiotics. The composition and function of postbiotics are closely related to fermentation conditions. Methods In this study, we developed a solid-state fermentation preparation method for postbiotics with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The antibacterial activity was improved 3.62 times compared to initial fermentation conditions by using optimization techniques such as single factor experiments, Plackett-Burman design (PBD), steepest ascent method (SAM), and central composite design (CCD) methods. The optimized conditions were carried out with an initial water content of 50% for 8 days at 37°C and fermentation strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens J and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SN4 at a ratio of 1:1 with a total inoculum size of 8%. The optimized SSF medium content ratios of peptide powder, wheat bran, corn flour, and soybean meal were 4, 37.4, 30, and 28.6%, respectively. Results Under these optimized conditions, postbiotics with a concentration of 25 mg/mL showed significant broad-spectrum antibacterial capabilities against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus and strong antioxidant activity against ABTS, DPPH, and OH radicals. Moreover, the optimized postbiotics exhibited good anti-inflammatory ability for reducing nitric oxide (NO) secretion in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in response to LPS-induced inflammation. Furthermore, the postbiotics significantly improved intestinal epithelial wound healing capabilities after mechanical injury, such as cell scratches in IPEC-J2 cells (p < 0.05). Conclusion In brief, we developed postbiotics through optimized solid-state fermentation with potential benefits for gut health. Therefore, our findings suggested that the novel postbiotics could be used as potential functional food products for improving body health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Tong
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - He'nan Guo
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zaheer Abbas
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyong Wang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyue Peng
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Bai
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yichen Zhou
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzhuan Li
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xubiao Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dayong Si
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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13
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Liang J, Rao ZH, Jiang SL, Wang S, Kuang HX, Xia YG. Structure of an unprecedent glucuronoxylogalactoglucomannan from fruit bodies of Auricularia auricula-judae (black woody ear). Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120968. [PMID: 37230634 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedent glucuronoxylogalactoglucomannan (GXG'G″M), ME-2 (Mw, 2.60 × 105 g/mol; O-acetyl % = 16.7 %), was isolated and purified from water extracts of Auricularia auricula-judae (black woody ear). Firstly, due to much higher O-acetyl contents, we prepared its fully deacetylated products (dME-2; Mw, 2.13 × 105 g/mol) for convenient structure survey. The repeating structure-unit of dME-2 was readily proposed based on Mw determination, monosaccharide compositions, methylation analysis, free-radical degradation and 1/2D NMR spectroscopy. The dME-2 was identified as a highly branched polysaccharide with an average of 10 branches per 10 sugar backbone units. The backbone was only repeating →3)-α-Manp-(1→ residues, substituted at the C-2, C-6 and C-2,6 positions. The side chains included β-GlcAp-(1→, β-Xylp-(1→, α-Manp-(1→, α-Galp-(1→ and β-Glcp-(1→. Secondly, the complex substituted positions of O-acetyl groups in ME-2 were determined to be at C-2, C-4, C-6 and C-4,6 in the backbone and at C-2 and C-2,3 in some side chains. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity of ME-2 was preliminarily explored on LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. The above date not only provided the first example for structural studies of GXG'G″M type polysaccharides, but also facilitated development and application of black woody ear polysaccharides as medicinal agents or functional dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Zi-Hao Rao
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Si-Liang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yong-Gang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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14
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Wang N, Li Q. Simultaneous Extraction and Analysis of Seven Major Saikosaponins from Bupleuri Radix and the Exploration of Antioxidant Activity and Its Mechanism. Molecules 2023; 28:5872. [PMID: 37570843 PMCID: PMC10420870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Saikosaponins (SS) are the main active components of Bupleuri Radix. In this study, the yields of SS a, b1, b2, c, d, e, and f were simultaneously determined using the HPLC-DAD dual wavelength method, and the ultrasound-assisted extraction process of saikosaponins was optimized using the response surface methodology. The antioxidant effect of saikosaponins was investigated using the scavenging rate of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2-diazo-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), and hydroxyl (-OH) groups, and the mechanism was clarified via network pharmacological analysis. The results showed that the optimal extraction process of SS was a 5% ammonia-methanol solution as an extraction solvent, a material-liquid ratio of 1:40, a temperature of 46.66 °C, an extraction time of 65.07 min, and an ultrasonic power of 345.56 W. The total content of the seven saikosaponins under this condition was up to 6.32%, which was close to the model's predicted value of 6.56%, where the yields of the seven saikosaponins a, b1, b2, c, d, e, and f were 1.18%, 0.11%, 0.26%, 1.02%, 3.02%, 0.38%, and 0.44%, respectively. The saikosaponins have an obvious scavenging ability for DPPH, ABTS, and -OH radicals. The interactions of seven saikosaponins with antioxidant targets were studied, and a database was used to collate the core of saikosaponins and antioxidants through network pharmacology. The mechanisms of the antioxidant effects of the saikosaponins were derived via GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis. Finally, the binding energy of the saikosaponins to the antioxidant targets was found to be less than -5.0 kcal·mol-1 via molecular docking, indicating that the antioxidant capacity of the saikosaponins are good. Therefore, this study developed a rapid and efficient method for the extraction of saikosaponins, which provides a theoretical basis for an in-depth understanding of the rational utilization of saikosaponins and the development of their medicinal value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
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15
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Lin B, Wang S, Zhou A, Hu Q, Huang G. Ultrasound-assisted enzyme extraction and properties of Shatian pomelo peel polysaccharide. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106507. [PMID: 37406540 PMCID: PMC10422119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Shatian pomelo peel was used as the raw material for extracting polysaccharides using hot water extraction (HW) and ultrasonic-assisted enzyme (UVE) methods, respectively. The optimal parameters for extractingShatian pomelo peel polysaccharides (StPP) using the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic method were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for the extraction of StPP were as follows: ultrasound power 350 W, ultrasound time 50 min, enzymatic digestion time 50 min, compound enzyme addition 1.5%, and enzymatic digestion temperature 55 °C. The yield of StPP was found to be 30.1310% under these conditions. Comparing the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of StPP extracted using different methods, it was observed that ultrasound-assisted enzyme extraction resulted in higher yield, sugar content and glucuronic acid content of StPP compared to traditional hot water extraction. Additionally, StPP extracted by ultrasound-assisted enzyme extraction showed better antioxidant activity. These results suggest that ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction is an effective method to enhance the activity of natural polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Anqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qiurui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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16
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Zhao D, Yan M, Xu H, Liang H, Zhang J, Li M, Wang C. Antioxidant and Antiaging Activity of Fermented Coix Seed Polysaccharides on Caenorhabditis elegans. Nutrients 2023; 15:2474. [PMID: 37299437 PMCID: PMC10255515 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is closely related to many diseases and is a long-term challenge that humans face. The oxidative damage caused by the imbalance of free radicals is an important factor in aging. In this study, we investigate the antioxidant and antiaging activities of fermented coix seed polysaccharides (FCSPs) via in vitro and in vivo experiments. The FCSPs were extracted by fermenting coix seed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 48 h and utilizing water-extracted coix seed polysaccharides (WCSPs) as a control. Their antiaging activity and mechanism were evaluated based on the antiaging model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The results showed that the molecular weight of the FCSPs extracted by fermentation was smaller than that of the WCSPs, making them more easily absorbed and utilized. At a concentration of 5 g/L, the FCSPs' capacity to scavenge the DPPH·, ABTS+·, OH·, and O2-· radicals was greater than the WCSPs' capacity by 10.09%, 14.40%, 49.93%, and 12.86%, respectively. Moreover, C. elegans treated with FCSPs exhibited higher antioxidant enzyme activities and a lower accumulation of malonaldehyde. By inhibiting the expression of the pro-aging genes daf-2 and age-1, and upregulating the expression of the antiaging genes daf-16, sod-3, skn-1, and gcs-1 in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IIS) signaling pathway, the FCSPs could effectively enhance stress tolerance and delay C. elegans aging. The lifespan of C. elegans in the FCSPs group was 5.91% higher than that of the WCSPs group. In conclusion, FCSPs exert better antioxidant and antiaging effects than WCSPs, which can act as a potential functional ingredient or supplement in food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Changtao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (D.Z.); (M.Y.); (H.X.); (H.L.); (J.Z.); (M.L.)
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17
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Leng X, Li J, Miao W, Liu Y, Haider MS, Song M, Fang J, Li Q. Comparison of physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides from wine grapes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124164. [PMID: 37011744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an efficient ultrasonic-assisted extraction method was used for the extraction and optimization of four wine grape polysaccharides. A three-level, three-factor Box Behnken Design combined with the response surface approach was used to optimize the extraction conditions. Their physicochemical properties, molecular structure, antioxidant activity, immunomodulatory activity and hepatoprotective effects were examined and compared. These findings suggest that the four wine grape polysaccharides share similar basic structural features and monosaccharide composition. Furthermore, four wine grape polysaccharides exhibited antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities in a concentration-dependent manner. Moldova (MD) polysaccharide displayed better antioxidant activity and immunomodulatory ability. Furthermore, MD polysaccharide has a significant therapeutic effect on CCl4-induced rat liver injury by improving the antioxidant defense system and inhibiting oxidative stress, indicating that MD has a hepatoprotective effect. Taken together, the MD wine grape polysaccharide may have potential applications in prevention of liver disease in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
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18
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LIU J, LIU B, XUE Q, ZHANG H, XUE Z, QIAN K, ZHANG J, JIN Y, HAN J, ZHU C. Analysis of appearance and active substances of Cordyceps militaris stromata on Antheraea pernyi pupae after optimization. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.127022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan LIU
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Baoyu LIU
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Qiang XUE
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Haidong ZHANG
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhenhai XUE
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Kun QIAN
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Jihui ZHANG
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Ying JIN
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Jianhua HAN
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Changjie ZHU
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
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19
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Chen Q, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang R, Hao X, Wang R, Zheng Y, An X, Qi J. Feruloyl oligosaccharides, isolated from bacterial fermented wheat bran, exhibit antioxidant effects in IPEC-J2 cells and zebrafish model. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:295-306. [PMID: 36655114 PMCID: PMC9834851 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Feruloyl oligosaccharides (FOs) were produced by solid-state fermentation of wheat bran using Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its antioxidant activity was investigated using IPEC-J2 cells and zebrafish embryo model. Preliminary structure analysis revealed that FOs has an average molecular weight of 11.81 kDa and consists of mannose, ribose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose. The obtained FOs possess superior reducing power and DPPH and hydroxyl free radical scavenging activities. In IPEC-J2 cells, antioxidant enzymes activities and GSH level were significantly increased, while MDA level was reduced by FOs. Further studies showed that FOs achieved the aforementioned effects by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. In zebrafish embryo, FOs effectively suppressed ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and cell death by increasing SOD and GSH-Px activities. Our findings suggested that FOs from solid-state fermented wheat bran with mixed bacteria can be used as an antioxidant food additive or drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Chen
- College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Inner Mongolia Herbivorous Livestock Feed Engineering Technology Research CenterHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Smart Animal HusbandryInner Mongolia Department of EducationHohhotChina
| | - Jia Zhang
- College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Inner Mongolia Herbivorous Livestock Feed Engineering Technology Research CenterHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Smart Animal HusbandryInner Mongolia Department of EducationHohhotChina
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Inner Mongolia Herbivorous Livestock Feed Engineering Technology Research CenterHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Smart Animal HusbandryInner Mongolia Department of EducationHohhotChina
| | - Ruifang Wang
- College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Inner Mongolia Herbivorous Livestock Feed Engineering Technology Research CenterHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Smart Animal HusbandryInner Mongolia Department of EducationHohhotChina
| | - Xiran Hao
- Kailu County Animal Husbandry and Fisheries WorkstationTongliaoChina
| | - Ruxin Wang
- College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Inner Mongolia Herbivorous Livestock Feed Engineering Technology Research CenterHohhotChina
| | - Yue Zheng
- College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Inner Mongolia Herbivorous Livestock Feed Engineering Technology Research CenterHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Smart Animal HusbandryInner Mongolia Department of EducationHohhotChina
| | - Xiaoping An
- College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Inner Mongolia Herbivorous Livestock Feed Engineering Technology Research CenterHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Smart Animal HusbandryInner Mongolia Department of EducationHohhotChina
| | - Jingwei Qi
- College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Inner Mongolia Herbivorous Livestock Feed Engineering Technology Research CenterHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Smart Animal HusbandryInner Mongolia Department of EducationHohhotChina
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20
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Leng X, Miao W, Li J, Liu Y, Zhao W, Mu Q, Li Q. Physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of grape polysaccharides collected from different cultivars. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112161. [PMID: 36596110 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, four wine grape polysaccharides were extracted and optimized by using an efficient ultrasound-assisted extraction. A three-level, three-factor Box Behnken Design (BBD) combining with response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the extraction conditions including ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time and liquid-to-solid ratio. Furthermore, their physicochemical structures, antioxidant and liver protective activity were investigated and compared. Results revealed that the functional groups and monosaccharide compositions of these grape polysaccharides collected from different varieties were similar. Nevertheless, their molecular weights, molar ratios of monosaccharide compositions and surface morphological features were different. And the antioxidant activities of these polysaccharides were screened by free radical scavenging test. 'Beichun' (BC) and 'Benni fuji' (BF) polysaccharides possessed better antioxidant function. Further, the in vivo evaluation indicated that the polysaccharides of BC and BF have a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury in mice by inhibiting myocardial necroptosis mediated by mitochondrial ROS generation. Therefore, BC and BF grapes have potential applications in the medical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Leng
- Institute of Grape Science and Engineering, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Qingdao), MARA, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wenjun Miao
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jizhen Li
- Institute of Grape Science and Engineering, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Qingdao), MARA, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yuanxia Liu
- Institute of Grape Science and Engineering, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxiafrr Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Qian Mu
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250110, China
| | - Qiu Li
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Wang T, Ahmad S, Yang L, Yan X, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Wang L, Luo Y. Preparation, biocontrol activity and growth promotion of biofertilizer containing Streptomyces aureoverticillatus HN6. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1090689. [PMID: 36589102 PMCID: PMC9798099 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1090689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, due to the excessive dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural production, many problems, such as soil hardening and soil-borne diseases, have become increasingly prominent, which seriously restrict the sustainable development of agriculture. The application of microbial fertilizer prepared by biocontrol microorganisms can not only improve soil structure and increase fertility but also have the function of controlling diseases. Streptomyces aureoverticillatus HN6 has obvious disease prevention and growth promotive effect, which can improve the rhizosphere fertility of plants and even regulate the rhizosphere microbial community of plants. Based on the comparison of frame composting and natural composting, we used the response surface method to optimize the preparation conditions of Streptomyces HN6 bacterial fertilizer. The results showed that natural composting not only produced higher composting temperatures and maintained long high temperature periods in accordance with local conditions, but was also more suitable for composting in the field according to local conditions. Therefore, the substrate's conductivity changed more, the ash accumulation increased, and the substrate decomposed more thoroughly. Thus, this composting method is highly recommended. Additionally, Streptomyces HN6 microbial fertilizer EC20 can reduce cowpea fusarium wilt and promote cowpea growth. The number of plant leaves, plant height and fresh weight, increased significantly in the microbial fertilizer EC20. Moreover, Streptomyces HN6 fertilizer EC20 could significantly induce soil invertase, urease and catalase activities. Our study highlights the potential use of Streptomyces HN6 as a biofertilizer to improve plant productivity and biological control of plant pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanping Luo
- *Correspondence: Yanping Luo, ; Lanying Wang,
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Anticancer and Antioxidant Activity of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Ganoderma aff. australe against Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314807. [PMID: 36499132 PMCID: PMC9737215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild mushrooms have gained great importance for being a source of biologically active compounds. In this work, we evaluate the anticancer and antioxidant activity of a water-soluble crude polysaccharide extract isolated from the fruiting bodies of the Ganoderma aff. australe (GACP). This mushroom was collected in San Mateo (Boyacá, Colombia) and identified based on macroscopic and microscopic characterization. GACP was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The antiradical and antioxidant activity were evaluated by different methods and its anticancer activity was verified in the osteosarcoma MG-63 human cell line. Chemical and spectroscopic analysis indicated that GACP consisted of β-D-Glcp-(1→, →3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ and α-D-Glcp-(1→ residues. The results of the biological activity showed that GACP exhibited high antioxidant activity in the different methods and models studied. Moreover, the results showed that GACP impaired cell viability (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay) and cell proliferation (clonogenic assay) in a dose-response manner on MG-63 cells. The findings of this work promote the use of mushroom-derived compounds as anticancer and antioxidant agents for potential use in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Angelova G, Brazkova M, Mihaylova D, Slavov A, Petkova N, Blazheva D, Deseva I, Gotova I, Dimitrov Z, Krastanov A. Bioactivity of Biomass and Crude Exopolysaccharides Obtained by Controlled Submerged Cultivation of Medicinal Mushroom Trametes versicolor. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:738. [PMID: 35887493 PMCID: PMC9319109 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to characterize the bioactivity of mycelial biomass and crude exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Trametes versicolor NBIMCC 8939 and to reveal its nutraceutical potential. The EPS (1.58 g/L) were isolated from a culture broth. The macrofungal biomass was rich in protein, insoluble dietary fibers and glucans. The amino acid composition of the biomass was analyzed and 18 amino acids were detected. Three mycelial biomass extracts were prepared and the highest total polyphenol content (16.11 ± 0.14 mg GAE/g DW) and the total flavonoid content (5.15 ± 0.03 mg QE/g DW) were found in the water extract. The results indicated that the obtained EPS were heteropolysaccharides with glucose as the main building monosaccharide and minor amounts of mannose, xylose, galactose, fucose and glucuronic acid. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the complex structure of the crude EPS. Five probiotic lactic acid bacteria strains were used for the determination of the prebiotic effect of the crude EPS. The anti-inflammatory potential was tested in vitro using cell line HT-29. The significant decrease of IL-1 and IL-8 and increase of TGF-beta expression revealed anti-inflammatory potential of the crude exopolysaccharides from T. versicolor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galena Angelova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (D.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Mariya Brazkova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (D.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Dasha Mihaylova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (D.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Anton Slavov
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (A.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Nadejda Petkova
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (A.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Denica Blazheva
- Department of Microbiology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Ivelina Deseva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physicochemistry, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Irina Gotova
- LB-Bulgaricum PLC, R&D Center, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zhechko Dimitrov
- LB-Bulgaricum PLC, R&D Center, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Albert Krastanov
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritsa Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (D.M.); (A.K.)
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Chen Y, Sun X, Fang L, Jiang X, Zhang X, Ge Z, Wang R, Wang C. Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenols from Ilex latifolia Using Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27133999. [PMID: 35807245 PMCID: PMC9268308 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27133999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The polyphenolic extract of Ilex latifolia (PEIL) exhibits a variety of biological activities. An evaluation of the parameters influencing the ultrasonic extraction process and the assessment of PEIL antioxidant activity are presented herein. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the experimental conditions for the polyphenols ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) from the leaves of Ilex latifolia. We identified the following optimal conditions of PEIL: ethanol concentration of 53%, extraction temperature of 60 °C, extraction time of 26 min and liquid−solid ratio of 60 mL/g. Using these parameters, the UAE had a yield of 35.77 ± 0.26 mg GAE/g, similar to the value we predicted using RSM (35.864 mg GAE/g). The antioxidant activity of PEIL was assessed in vitro, using various assays, as well as in vivo. We tested the effects of various doses of PEIL on D-galactose induced aging. Vitamin C (Vc) was used as positive control. After 21 days of administration, we measured superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in mouse serum and liver tissue. The results demonstrated that the PEIL exhibits potent radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrythydrazyl (DPPH∙), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+), and hydroxyl (∙OH) radicals. The serum concentrations of SOD and GSH-Px were higher, and MDA levels were lower, in the medium- and high-dose PEIL-treated groups than those in the aging group (p < 0.01), and the activity of MDA was lower than those of the model group (p < 0.01). The liver concentrations of SOD and GSH-Px were higher (p < 0.05), and MDA levels were lower, in the medium- and high-dose PEIL-treated groups than those in the aging control group (p < 0.01). These results suggest that optimizing the conditions of UAE using RSM could significantly increase the yield of PEIL extraction. PEIL possesses strong antioxidant activity and use as a medicine or functional food could be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.F.); (X.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.G.)
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Lab of Active Biological Macromolecules, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-Evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xuqiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.F.); (X.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Lanting Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.F.); (X.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Xinxiu Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.F.); (X.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Xuena Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.F.); (X.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zijun Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.F.); (X.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Rongbin Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Scientific Research Department, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu 241000, China
- Correspondence: (R.W.); (C.W.); Tel.: +86-553-3932497 (C.W.)
| | - Cunqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.C.); (X.S.); (L.F.); (X.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.G.)
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Lab of Active Biological Macromolecules, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-Evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wuhu 241002, China
- Correspondence: (R.W.); (C.W.); Tel.: +86-553-3932497 (C.W.)
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Xiao B, Huang Q, Chen S, Yao J, Zeng J, Shen J, Wang G, Wang W, Zhang Y. Comparison on chemical features and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula by three different enzymes. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14051. [PMID: 35142368 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To investigate and compare the chemical features and antioxidant activities of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAPs), three different AAPs (AAP-M, AAP-D, and AAP-C) were prepared by mannanase, β-dextranase, and cellulase. Their chemical features were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and infrared spectroscopy. The antioxidant properties were performed both in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that the surface morphology of the A. auricula cell wall treated with three enzymes was slightly different under scanning electron microscopy. The extraction yields of AAP-M, AAP-D, and AAP-C were 18.33% ± 1.93%, 26.42% ± 0.87%, and 17.17% ± 0.08% under optimal conditions, respectively. The monosaccharide composition, molecular weight (AAP-M, AAP-D, and AAP-C were 1.03E+03 kDa, 1.76E+03 kDa, and 1.15E+03 kDa, respectively), and antioxidant activities of the three AAPs were different. AAP-C composed of mannose, glucuronic acid, glucose, and galactose, exhibiting the remarkable ability of scavenging ABTS+ , DPPH, and H2 O2 (IC50 was 0.065, 0.081, and 0.293 mg/ml, respectively). Moreover, AAP-C could significantly prolonged the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans under oxidative stress (p < .05). The results showed that cellulase could be served as an efficient enzyme to prepare AAPs with higher antioxidant capacity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: According to the statistics of China Edible Fungi Association in 2019, the output of Auricularia auricula was accounting for 17.54% of the total output of edible fungi. AAPs account for more than 60% of the fruiting bodies and have various biological activities. Cell wall breaking is an important process of extracting AAPs which has always been the bottleneck restricting the production of AAPs. The traditional chemical acid-base method will pollute the environment, and the yield of hot water extraction is low. In contrast, the bioenzyme method widely used because of its mild conditions and environmental friendly. In this paper, three common bioenzymes which have been widely used in food industry were used to extract AAPs, and Box-Behnken design to improve the yield of AAPs. The results show that AAP-C had high yield and strong antioxidant activity. This study could provide a reference for the industrial production of AAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiao
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiqi Huang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangying Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Shen
- Zhejiang Zhuowang Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ge Wang
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhao YS, Eweys AS, Zhang JY, Zhu Y, Bai J, Darwesh OM, Zhang HB, Xiao X. Fermentation Affects the Antioxidant Activity of Plant-Based Food Material through the Release and Production of Bioactive Components. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:2004. [PMID: 34943107 PMCID: PMC8698425 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This review reports on the effects of fermentation on the chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of plant-based food materials. Fermentation involves a series of reactions that modify the chemical components of the substrate. It could be considered a tool to increase the bioactive compounds and functional properties of food plant materials. Oxidative damage is key to the progression of many human diseases, and the production of antioxidant compounds by fermentation will be helpful to reduce the risk of these diseases. Fermentation also can improve antioxidant activity given its association with increased phytochemicals, antioxidant polysaccharides, and antioxidant peptides produced by microbial hydrolysis or biotransformation. Additionally, fermentation can encourage the breakdown of plant cell walls, which helps to liberate or produce various antioxidant compounds. Overall, results indicated that fermentation in many cases contributed to enhancing antioxidants' content and antioxidant capacity, supporting the fermentation use in the production of value-added functional food. This review provides an overview of the factors that impact the effects of fermentation on bioactive compound composition and antioxidant activity. The impacts of fermentation are summarized as a reference to its effects on food plant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Sheng Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Y.-S.Z.); (A.S.E.); (J.-Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Aya Samy Eweys
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Y.-S.Z.); (A.S.E.); (J.-Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.B.)
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Jia-Yan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Y.-S.Z.); (A.S.E.); (J.-Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Y.-S.Z.); (A.S.E.); (J.-Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Juan Bai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Y.-S.Z.); (A.S.E.); (J.-Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Osama M. Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Yichang 443004, China;
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Y.-S.Z.); (A.S.E.); (J.-Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.B.)
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Fan H, Liu H, Chen Y, Chen B, Wang D, Zhang S, Liu T, Zhang Y. Effect of high temperature high pressure-acidic solution treated Auricularia auricula on the rheological property and structure of wheat flour dough. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Biosynthesis and regulation of terpenoids from basidiomycetes: exploration of new research. AMB Express 2021; 11:150. [PMID: 34779947 PMCID: PMC8594250 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Basidiomycetes, also known as club fungi, consist of a specific group of fungi. Basidiomycetes produce a large number of secondary metabolites, of which sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids and triterpenoids are the primary components. However, these terpenoids tend to be present in low amounts, which makes it difficult to meet application requirements. Terpenoid biosynthesis improves the quantity of these secondary metabolites. However, current understanding of the biosynthetic mechanism of terpenoids in basidiomycetes is insufficient. Therefore, this article reviews the latest research on the biosynthesis of terpenoids in basidiomycetes and summarizes the CYP450 involved in the biosynthesis of terpenoids in basidiomycetes. We also propose opportunities and challenges for chassis microbial heterologous production of terpenoids in basidiomycetes and provide a reference basis for the better development of basidiomycete engineering.
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Ha SY, Jung JY, Yang JK. Optimization of a solid culture medium based on Monochamus alternatus for Cordyceps militaris fruiting body formation. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 74:185-193. [PMID: 34758116 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae; M. alternatus), popularly known as the Japanese pine sawyer, is a vector of pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) that causes pine wilt disease. A solid medium culture with M. alternatus produced Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies with the longest strips and the highest biological efficiency. Supplementing the original form of M. alternatus with oats resulted in slightly enhanced fruiting body production. The original form of M. alternatus showed higher production than its powder form. The solid culture medium was optimized using a response surface methodology, and the optimal medium contained the following: 8·5 g per bottle of M. alternatus and 11·5 g per bottle of oats mixed with 22·4 ml of water in a 300-ml cylindrical plastic bottle. The optimal culturing period for the fruiting body formation was 37·1 days. Under these conditions, a fruiting body dry weight of 38·0 g per bottle (actual value) was attained. The fruiting body produced using a solid culture medium based on M. alternatus had a cordycepin content of about 25 µg g-1 . The solid culture medium containing M. alternatus is highly efficient and eco-friendly, and its effectiveness in large-scale fruiting body production from C. militaris has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Ha
- Department of Environmental Materials Science/Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Jung
- Department of Environmental Materials Science/Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Yang
- Department of Environmental Materials Science/Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Preparation of Amomum longiligulare polysaccharides 1- PLGA nanoparticle and its immune enhancement ability on RAW264.7 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:108053. [PMID: 34435578 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amomum longiligulare polysaccharides 1 (ALP1) was a glucosan that possessed an immune enhancement ability. However, disadvantages including short biological half-life hindered the application of ALP1. To solve these shortcomings, ALP1 was successfully prepared to nanoparticles (ALPP) with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) in the present study. And the optimal preparation conditions were developed by using the response surface method with a Box-Behnken design. The results showed that the encapsulation efficiency of ALPP reached a high level (79.88%) when the volume ratio of the water phase to the organic phase was 1:7, the volume ratio of the primary emulsion to the external water phase was 1:7, and the concentration of F68 was 0.7%. ALPP showed a controlled and sustained release. Meanwhile, the scanning electron microscope results showed that ALPP was a kind of nanoparticles with a diameter of 389.77 nm. In addition, the activating effect of ALPP on macrophages was studied. The results indicated that ALPP showed a better activity on promoting the RAW264.7 cells' activities and polarizing RAW264.7 cells into both M1 type and M2 type macrophages, compared to ALP1.
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Hu H, Liang H, Wang Y, Yuan R, Sun J, Zhang L, Lu Y. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from the Fruit of Acanthopanaxbrachypus: Physicochemical, Structural and Functional Properties. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000947. [PMID: 33848051 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters of total water-soluble polysaccharides (TABPs) from Acanthopanaxbrachypus fruit were optimized by Box-Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM). Physicochemical, structural, and functional properties of TABPs were investigated by chemical analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), water-holding capacity (WHC), oil-holding capacity (OHC), emulsion capacity (EC), emulsion stability (ES), as well as DPPH. and ABTS.+ scavenging assays. The results showed that the maximal UAE-yield of TABPs was 3.81±0.18 % under the optimal conditions (ultrasonic power 325 W, extraction temperature 47 °C, extraction time 22 min). TABPs was rich in some beneficial element (Mg, K, Fe, Zn and Na) but little in harmful elements (Hg, Cd, As and Pb), and displayed rough surface with flake-like features and large dents, contained 93.89±0.08 % of total carbohydrate with more different monosaccharides including glucose, galactose, rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, xylose, and uronic acid in a molar ratio of 8.83 : 7.90 : 4.74 : 4.55 : 2.80 : 2.39 : 1.00, respectively. TABPs exhibited broad weight distribution (11.2-133.5 kDa), excellent thermal stability (>280 °C), WHC (0.61±0.08 g water/g sample) and OHC (4.53±0.12 g oil/g sample), as well as higher EC (43.75±1.23 %) and ES (38.32±1.50 %). Furthermore, TABPs also displayed remarkable scavenging activities on DPPH. and ABTS.+ in vitro. These findings provide a scientific basis for the applications of TABPs in functional additives for food, medicine, and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang, 745000, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Liang
- Department of Oncology, Qingyang First People's Hospital, Qingyang, 745000, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang, 745000, P. R. China
| | - Runan Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Lala Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang, 745000, P. R. China
| | - Yani Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang, 745000, P. R. China
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Chen Q, Wang R, Wang Y, An X, Liu N, Song M, Yang Y, Yin N, Qi J. Characterization and antioxidant activity of wheat bran polysaccharides modified by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis fermentation. J Cereal Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gu J, Zhang H, Wen C, Zhang J, He Y, Ma H, Duan Y. Purification, characterization, antioxidant and immunological activity of polysaccharide from Sagittaria sagittifolia L. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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