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Jing Y, Cao RX, Lei X, Wang ZL, Huang XL, Di JR, Mi ZX, Zhao X, Wang M, Jiang MM, Yang WZ, Li X, Miao L, Zhang H, Zhang P. Structural characterization of polysaccharide from the peel of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim and its anti-hyperlipidemia activity by regulating gut microbiota and inhibiting cholesterol absorption. Bioorg Chem 2024; 149:107487. [PMID: 38805910 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The peel of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, is considered one of the primary sources for Trichosanthis pericarpium in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibiting lipid-lowering properties. The impact on hyperlipidemia mice of the crude polysaccharide from the peel of T. Kirilowii (TRP) was investigated in this study. The findings revealed that TRP exhibited a significant improvement in hepatic lipid deposition. Moreover, it significantly decreased serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C, while concurrently increasing HDL-C. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technique revealed that TRP group exhibited an increased relative abundance of Actinobacteria, a down-regulated relative abundance of Ruminiclostridium, and an up-regulated relative abundance of Ileibacterium. Therefore, TRP might play a role in anti-hyperlipidemia through regulation of the intestinal milieu and enhancement of microbial equilibrium. Consequently, targeted fractionation of TRP resulted in the isolation of a homogeneous acidic polysaccharide termed TRP-1. The TRP-1 polysaccharide, with an average molecular weight of 1.00 × 104 Da, and was primarily composed of Rha, GlcA, GalA, Glc, Gal and Ara. TRP-1 possessed a backbone consisting of alternating connections between → 6)-α-Galp-(1 → 4)-α-Rhap-(1 → 6)-α-Galp-(2 → 6)-β-Galp-(1 → 6)-α-Galp-(2 → 6)-β-Galp-(1 → units and branched chain containing → 6)-α-Glcp-(1→, 2,4)-β-Glcp-(1, and → 4)-α-GlapA-(1→. Both TRP and TRP-1 exhibited significant disruption of cholesterol micelles, highlighting their potential as lipid-lowering agents that effectively inhibit cholesterol absorption pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jing
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ruo-Xin Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xi Lei
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ze-Ling Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiang-Long Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jing-Rui Di
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhuo-Xin Mi
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Meng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Miao-Miao Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xue Li
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lin Miao
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Han Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Song M, Wang J, Bao K, Sun C, Cheng X, Li T, Wang S, Wang S, Wen T, Zhu Z. Isolation, structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity on RAW264.7 cells of a novel exopolysaccharide of Dictyophora rubrovalvata. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132222. [PMID: 38729468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Fungal polysaccharides have been explored by many for both structural studies and biological activities, but few studies have been done on the extracellular polysaccharides of Dictyophora rubrovalvata, so a new exopolysaccharide was isolated from Dictyophora rubrovalvata and its structure and its immunological activity were investigated. The crude exopolysaccharide (EPS) was purified by DEAE52 cellulose and Sephadex G-200 to obtain a new acidic polysaccharide (DR-EPS). DR-EPS (2.66 × 103 kDa) was consisted mainly of mannose, glucose, galactose and glucuronic acid with a molar ratio of 1: 0.86: 0.20: 0.01. In addition, DR-EPS increased the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells up to 2.67 times of the blank control group. DR-EPS improved intracellular nucleic acid and glycogen metabolism as observed by AO and PAS staining. DR-EPS(40 μg/mL) promoted NO production up to 30.66 μmol, enhanced acid phosphatase (ACP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, with activity maxima of 660 U/gprot and 96.27 U/mgprot, respectively, and DR-EPS (160 μg / mL) significantly increased the lysozyme content as 2.73 times of the control group. The good immunological activity of extracellular polysaccharides of Dictyophora rubrovalvata provides directions for the use of fermentation broths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Kaisheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Chong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Tengda Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Siqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Tingchi Wen
- Guizhou Panzheng Agriculture Ltd., PR China; National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China; The Engineering Research Center of Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Guizhou Panzheng Agriculture Ltd., PR China.
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Li H, Chumroenphat T, Bunyatratchata A, Boonarsa P, Wrigley C, Siriamornpun S. Chemical composition and nutritional profile of cicada ( Meimuna opalifera Walker) at different developmental stages: Implications for functional food applications. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101081. [PMID: 38205157 PMCID: PMC10776651 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This investigation explored chemical changes in cicadas during their developmental stages (nymph, late nymph, and adult). Tocopherols (α, δ, γ) were found at a total content of 13.7 mg/g, while γ-oryzanol was observed at 2.6 mg/g, with nymphs having the highest levels, followed by late nymphs and adults. Essential amino acids increased progressively with maturation, with methionine being the predominant amino acid in all samples. The index of essential amino acids in each tissue was as follows: adult (0.36), late nymph (0.33), and nymph (0.12). Eicosapentaenoic acid concentrations varied from 230 mg/100 g in adults to 880 mg/100 g in nymphs. Protein analysis using the Protein Simple Jess system revealed a molecular weight distribution ranging from 10 to 75 kDa, accounting for approximately 70 % of the total protein content. These findings offer valuable insights for incorporating cicadas as functional food ingredients, diversifying food product formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- Department of Cuisine and Nutrition, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225127, China
| | - Theeraphan Chumroenphat
- Research Unit of Thai Food Innovation (TFI), Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
- Aesthetic Sciences and Health Program, Faculty of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubon Ratchathani 34000, Thailand
| | - Apichaya Bunyatratchata
- Research Unit of Thai Food Innovation (TFI), Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Parinya Boonarsa
- Research Unit of Thai Food Innovation (TFI), Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Colin Wrigley
- Center for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, Australia
| | - Sirithon Siriamornpun
- Research Unit of Thai Food Innovation (TFI), Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
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Ge Q, Hou CL, Rao XH, Zhang AQ, Xiao GM, Wang LY, Jin KN, Sun PL, Chen LC. In vitro fermentation characteristics of polysaccharides from coix seed and its effects on the gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129994. [PMID: 38325690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Coix seed polysaccharides had received increasing attention due to their diverse biological activities. In this study, a homogeneous polysaccharide (CSPW) was extracted and purified from coix seed. Furthermore, the saliva-gastrointestinal digestion and fecal fermentation behavior of CSPW were simulated in vitro. The results showed that CSPW was mainly composed of glucose. It cannot be degraded by the simulated salivary and intestinal digestive system, but can be degraded by the simulated gastric digestive system. After fermentation for 24 h, CSPW promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), with acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid being the main metabolites. In addition, CSPW could significantly regulate the composition and microbial diversity of gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Limosilicactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Collinsella. Finally, further analysis of functional prediction revealed that amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism were the most important pathways for CSPW to promote health. In summary, our findings suggested that CSPW could potentially be used as a good source of prebiotics because it can be used by gut microbiota to produce SCFAs and regulate the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ge
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, PR China.
| | - Chen-Long Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, PR China
| | - Xiu-Hua Rao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, PR China
| | - An-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Guo-Ming Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, PR China
| | - Lu-Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, PR China
| | - Kai-Ning Jin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, PR China
| | - Pei-Long Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Li-Chun Chen
- School of Food Science and Biological engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310035, PR China
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Liu S, Li M, Liu W, Zhang Z, Wang X, Dong H. Structure and properties of acidic polysaccharides isolated from Massa Medicata Fermentata: Neuroprotective and antioxidant activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129128. [PMID: 38176512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) is a fermented food with therapeutic effects. Previous studies suggested that after stir-frying, the uronic acid content in MMF crude polysaccharides increases, and the pH value decreases, which is caused by the change in acidic polysaccharides. However, the detailed physicochemical properties and structure-activity correlation of the acidic polysaccharides in MMF have not been fully explored. In this study, two acidic polysaccharides (SMMFAP and CMMFAP) were isolated from the MMF and its stir-fried product, respectively. Their structural characteristics and bioactivities were comparatively studied, and the structure-activity correlation was examined. Our findings revealed that the SMMFAP had a higher average Mw and higher Gal and Man content than the CMMFAP. Both the SMMFAP and CMMFAP were mainly composed of Xyl, Man, and Gal residues, whereas the CMMFAP had fewer linkage types. Additionally, the CMMFAP exhibited stronger neuroprotective activity than the SMMFAP owing to its higher content of 1,6-linked-Galp, while the SMMFAP exhibited better antioxidant activity, which might be related to its higher average Mw. Our findings suggest that acidic polysaccharides may be the active substances that cause differences in effectiveness between the sheng and chao MMF. Furthermore, the research qualified the SMMFAP and CMMFAP with different potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
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Ge Z, Wang D, Zhao W, Wang P, Dai Y, Dong M, Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhao X. Structural and functional characterization of exopolysaccharide from Leuconostoc citreum BH10 discovered in birch sap. Carbohydr Res 2024; 535:108994. [PMID: 38056028 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Leuconostoc citreum BH10, an endophytic strain, was isolated from aseptically collected xylem sap of birch for the first time, and its exopolysaccharide (LCEPS) production was up to 46.31 g/L in glucan producing medium. The produced LCEPS was purified to obtain two water-soluble fractions, named as LCEPS-1 and LCEPS-2, respectively. The major fraction LCEPS-1 was characterized to be comprised of glucose with average molecular weight of 6.34 × 106 Da. The structure of LCEPS-1 was investigated by spectroscopy analysis, which revealed that LCEPS-1 was identified with containing 90.45 % α-(1,6) linkages in the main chains and 9.55 % α-(1,3) branch linkages. The scanning electron microscope results demonstrated that the dried LCEPS-1 appeared porous surface overlaid with an irregular glittering. The water solubility index (WSI) and water holding capacity (WHC) of LCEPS-1 were 88.02 ± 1.69 % and 241.43 ± 6.38 %, respectively. Besides, it exhibited high thermal stability as well as fine antioxidant activities. Taken together, the results indicated that LCEPS-1 could have good potentiality to be applied in fields of foods, cosmetics, nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical industries as the natural agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Ge
- Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Wenting Zhao
- Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yiqiang Dai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Mingsheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Junjuan Wang
- Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100097, China.
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7
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Yang XM, Wang SQ, Chen LS, Zhu ZY. Isolation and structural characterization of exopolysaccharide from the Cordyceps cicadae and the immunomodulatory activity on RAW264.7 cells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:1925-1940. [PMID: 37455564 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
A new exopolysaccharide component named as PC-EPS was isolated from Cordyceps cicadae, and its structure was determined. PC-EPS was identified to be constituted of mannose, glucose, and galactose (28.84:1:19.42), with an average molecular weight of 3.72 × 106 Da, according to the results of monosaccharide composition, Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, periodate oxidation and Smith degradation, and methylation studies. According to structural characterization, PC-EPS's connection type was made up of →6) -α-d-Manp (1→, →2) -β-d-Manp (1→, →4) -α-d-Manp (1→, →2) -α-d-Galf (1→, and →4) -α-d-Galp (1→. PC-EPS may significantly increase phagocytosis and RAW264.7 cell proliferation. Additionally, by boosting intracellular lysozyme, cellular acid phosphatase, and cellular superoxide dismutase enzyme concentrations, as well as by promoting the generation of cellular NO, it is the potential to regulate the immunological activity of RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, the effects of PC-EPS on RAW264.7 cells increased their capacities to create tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6 cytokines, all of which suggested that PC-EPS had the potential to improve immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Si-Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Li-Sha Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China
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Tian J, Xu Q, Wang X, Zhang X, Chen X, Rui X, Zhang Q, Dong M, Li W. Protective effects and mechanism of Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ1213 intracellular polysaccharide against H 2 O 2 -induced PC12 cells damage. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:471-485. [PMID: 37072242 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key process in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. More attention is needed to screen natural antioxidants and explore pharmacological mechanisms. Natural product polysaccharides with no toxic side effects have powerful antioxidant activity. Two purified intracellular polysaccharide fractions (IPS1 and IPS2) from Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ1213 was isolated. Then, a model of H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells was established to investigate the neuroprotective role of IPS and elucidate the potential protection mechanism. Results showed that IPS1 and IPS2 reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inhibited the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Ca2+ and attenuated the expression of apoptotic proteins. In addition, western blots displayed that IPS1 and IPS2 significantly inhibited mitophagy induced by H2 O2 in PC12 cells via PINK/Parkin pathway. Therefore, IPS1 and IPS2 deserved further investigation as protective agents against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Tea and Food Science Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Rui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuqin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingsheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Hu X, Zhao S, Li F, Zhang X, Pan Y, Lu J, Li Y, Bao M. The structure, characterization and immunomodulatory potential of exopolysaccharide produced by Planococcus rifietoensis AP-5 from deep-sea sediments of the Northwest Pacific. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 245:125452. [PMID: 37331538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides derived from microorganisms exhibit diverse structures and bioactivities, making them promising candidates for the treatment of various diseases. However, marine-derived polysaccharides and their activities are relatively little known. In this work, fifteen marine strains were isolated from surface sediments in the Northwest Pacific Ocean for screening of EPS production. Planococcus rifietoensis AP-5 produced a maximum yield of EPS at 4.80 g/L. The purified EPS (referred to as PPS) had a molecular weight of 51,062 Da and contained amino, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups as its major functional groups. PPS primarily consisted of →3)-α-D-Galp-(1 → 4)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 2)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, with a branch consisting of T-β-D-Glcp-(1→. Additionally, surface morphology of PPS was hollow, porous, and sphere-like stack. PPS primarily contained C, N, and O elements, with a surface area of 33.76 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.13 cc/g, and a pore diameter of 1.69 nm, respectively. Based on the TG curve, the degradation temperature of PPS was measured to be 247 °C. Furthermore, PPS demonstrated immunomodulatory activity through dose-dependently upregulating the expression level of cytokines. It significantly enhanced the cytokine secretion at a concentration of 5 μg/mL. To sum up, this study offers valuable insights for screening marine polysaccharide-based immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Fengshu Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jinren Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Mutai Bao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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10
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Shao L, Jiang S, Li Y, Yu L, Liu H, Ma L, Yang S. Aqueous extract of Cordyceps cicadae (Miq.) promotes hyaluronan synthesis in human skin fibroblasts: A potential moisturizing and anti-aging ingredient. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0274479. [PMID: 37418356 PMCID: PMC10328226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps cicadae (Miq.) is an edible fungus with unique and valuable medicinal properties that is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, but its anti-aging effects on the skin fibroblast are not well studied. The aim of the present study was to analyze the active components of aqueous C. cicadae extract (CCE), determine the effects of CCE on hyaluronan synthesis in human skin fibroblasts, and explore the underlying mechanisms. The results of this study indicate that CCE was rich in polysaccharides, five alditols (mainly mannitol), eight nucleosides, protein, and polyphenols, which were present at concentrations of 62.7, 110, 8.26, 35.7, and 3.8 mg/g, respectively. The concentration of extract required to inhibit 50% of 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazo-line-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging capacities were 0.36 ± 0.03 and 4.54 ± 0.10 mg/mL, respectively, indicating that CCE exhibits excellent antioxidant activities. CCE showed no cytotoxicity to skin fibroblasts at concentrations ≤ 100 μg/mL, and promoted HA synthesis in fibroblasts. Treatment of fibroblast cells with 100 μg/mL CCE enhances the HA content to 1293 ± 142 ng/mL, which is significantly more than that in the non-treatment (NT) group (p = 0.0067). Further, RNA sequencing detected 1,192 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CCE-treated fibroblasts, among which 417 were upregulated and 775 were downregulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes (KEGG) and Genomes pathway (GO) analysis based on RNA sequencing revealed that CCE mainly affected cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction regulated by HA synthesis-related genes. CCE upregulated HA synthase 2 (HAS2), epidermal growth factor (EGF)-related genes, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 2, and other genes related to fibroblast differentiation and proliferation. CCE downregulated the gene of matrix metallopeptidase 12 (MMP12), which leads to cell matrix loss. RT-qPCR further verified CCE significantly upregulated HAS2 expression and significantly downregulated MMP12 expression, thus promoting hyaluronan synthesis. CCE shows potential as a moisturizer and anti-aging agent in functional foods and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujing Jiang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Yu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Laiji Ma
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Suzhen Yang
- R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd, Jinan, China
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11
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Lin W, Hu X, Tang Z, Wang Q, Qin Y, Shen N, Xiao Y, Yuan M, Chen H, Bu T, Li Q, Huang L. Preparation, structural analysis and physicochemical properties of the Cordyceps cicadae exopolysaccharide iron complex. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124377. [PMID: 37044322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, EPS-Fe(III) complexes were synthesized, and their structural characteristics, thermal stability, antioxidant activity and digestive properties were evaluated. The content of iron in the EPS-Fe(III) complex was 6.34 ± 1.43 %. The absorbance bands of EPS and EPS-Fe(III) complexes were easily changed, indicating that iron ions can interact with the hydroxyl or carboxyl groups of EPS. Energy spectrometric analysis showed that a strong iron signal was observed in the EPS-Fe(III) complex. The IC50 values of the EPS-Fe(III) complex for DPPH, hydroxyl radical and ABTS were 1.52 mg/mL, 2.63 mg/mL and 1.20 mg/mL, respectively. Under oxidative stress, EPS-Fe(III) can prolong the lifespan of nematodes through the DAF-16 and SKN-1 pathways. Under the condition of gastric juice and intestinal juice, the iron content released from artificial intestinal juice reached 66 %. In addition, the negative effect of trypsin or polyphenols on the solubility of iron in EPS-Fe(III) digestive solution was lower than that in ferric chloride digestive solution. In conclusion, the EPS-Fe(III) complex can be used as a new type of iron supplement, which has good antioxidant activity, high stability and good water solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xiangting Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Zizhong Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Qing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yihan Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Nayu Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yirong Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Agricultural University Hospital, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Tongliang Bu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China
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12
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Tian J, Zhao X, Tang C, Wang X, Zhang X, Xiao L, Li W. Protective effect of Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ11213 exopolysaccharide on intestinal mucosa and regulation of gut microbiota in immunosuppressed mice. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112477. [PMID: 36869490 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The exopolysaccharide (EPS) form Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ1213 possessed immunomodulatory activity in vitro, but whether it could regulate the immune system and intestinal microbiota in vivo remained unknown. In this study, the cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mouse model was established to explore the immunomodulatory activity of EPS. Results showed that EPS could increase the immune organ indices, promote the secretion of serum immunoglobulins and up-regulate the expression of cytokines. Additionally, EPS could repair CTX-induced intestinal injury by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins and promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids. Moreover, EPS could remarkably enhance immunity through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Furthermore, EPS regulated intestinal microbiota by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136, Bacteroides, Odoribacter) and reducing the level of harmful bacteria (Alistipes, Helicobacter). In conclusion, our study suggested that EPS had the abilities to enhance immunity, restore intestinal mucosal injury and modulate intestinal microbiota, and may serve as a potential prebiotic to maintain health in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China; College of Tea and Food Science Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu 212400, PR China
| | - Xiaogan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Chao Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Luyao Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
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13
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Yeast cell wall polysaccharides in Tibetan kefir grains are key substances promoting the formation of bacterial biofilm. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 300:120247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Yang Y, Chen G, Zhao X, Cao X, Wang L, Mu J, Qi F, Liu L, Zhang H. Structural Characterization, Antioxidant and Antitumor Activities of the Two Novel Exopolysaccharides Produced by Debaryomyces hansenii DH-1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010335. [PMID: 36613777 PMCID: PMC9820826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides produced by edible microorganisms exhibit excellent constructive physicochemical and significant biological activity, which provide advantages for the food or pharmaceutical industries. Two novel exopolysaccharides produced by Debaryomyces hansenii DH-1 were characterized, named S1 and S2, respectively. S1, with a molecular weight of 34.594 kDa, primarily consisted of mannose and glucose in a molar ratio of 12.19:1.00, which contained a backbone fragment of α-D-Manp-(1→4)-α-D-Manp-(1→2)-α-D-Glcp-(1→3)-α-D-Manp-(1→3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→4)-β-D-Manp-(1→. S2, with a molecular weight of 24.657 kDa, was mainly composed of mannose and galactose in a molar ratio of 4.00:1.00, which had a backbone fragment of α-D-Manp-(1→6)-β-D-Manp-(1→2)-α-D-Manp-(1→4)-α-D-Galp-(1→3)-β-D-Manp-(1→6)-α-D-Manp-(1→. Both S1 and S2 exhibited good thermal stability and potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, with ~98%. Moreover, S1 possessed an additional strong iron-reducing capacity. In vitro antitumor assays showed that S1 and S2 significantly inhibited the proliferation of Hela, HepG2, and PC-9 cancer cells. Moreover, PC-9 was more sensitive to S1 compared with S2. The above results indicate that S1 and S2 have great potential to be utilized as natural antioxidants and candidates for cancer treatment in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiaohe Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Lei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jingjiu Mu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Fenghui Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: (F.Q.); (L.L.)
| | - Lijuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China
- Correspondence: (F.Q.); (L.L.)
| | - Haibo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China
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15
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Galf-containing polysaccharides from medicinal molds: Sources, structures and bioactive properties. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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16
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Separation and Structural Characterization of a Novel Exopolysaccharide from Rhizopus nigricans. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227756. [PMID: 36431857 PMCID: PMC9696503 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to analyze the structural characterization and antioxidant activity of a novel exopolysaccharide from Rhizopus nigricans (EPS2-1). For this purpose, EPS2-1 was purified through DEAE-52, Sephadex G-100, and Sephadex G-75 chromatography. The structural characterization of EPS2-1 was analyzed using high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), methylation analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). The results revealed that EPS2-1 is composed of mannose (Man), galactose (Gal), glucose (Glc), arabinose (Ara), and Fucose (Fuc), and possesses a molecular weight of 32.803 kDa. The backbone of EPS2-1 comprised →2)-α-D-Manp-(1→ and →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→, linked with the O-6 position of (→2,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→) of the main chain is branch α-D-Manp-(1→6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, linked with the O-6 positions of (→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→) of the main chain are branches →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ and →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→, respectively. Finally, we demonstrated that EPS2-1 also shows free radical scavenging activity and iron ion reducing ability. At the same time, EPS2-1 could inhibit the proliferation of MFC cells and increase the cell viability of RAW264.7 cells. Our results suggested that EPS2-1 is a novel polysaccharide, and EPS2-1 has antioxidant activity. In addition, EPS2-1 may possess potential immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. This study promoted the application of EPS2-1 as the functional ingredients in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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17
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Wang X, Tian J, Zhang X, Tang N, Rui X, Zhang Q, Dong M, Li W. Characterization and Immunological Activity of Exopolysaccharide from Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GL1 Isolated from Tibetan Kefir Grains. Foods 2022; 11:3330. [PMID: 36359942 PMCID: PMC9656536 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Two exopolysaccharide fractions (GL1-E1 and GL1-E2) of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GL1 were isolated with the molecular weights of 3.9 × 105 Da and 8.2 × 105 Da, respectively. Both fractions possessed mannose, glucose, and galactose in molar ratios of 1.16:1.00:0.1, and 3.81:1.00:0.12, respectively. A structural arrangement of two fractions was proposed by methylation, one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. The backbone of GL1-E1 consisted of →4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →3,4)-α-D-Manp(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Manp(1→, →6)-α-D-Manp(1→, and →6)-α-D-Galp(1→ with α-D-Glcp at branching point. The backbone of GL1-E2 consisted of →4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →3,4)-α-D-Manp(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Manp(1→, →6)-α-D-Manp(1→, →6)-α-D-Galp(1→, and →4)-β-D-Manp(1→, and the side chain also consisted of α-D-Manp residue. In addition, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis indicated that both GL1-E1 and GL1-E2 had good thermal stability. Furthermore, the two fractions could promote the viability of RAW264.7 cells and exert an immunomodulatory role by enhancing phagocytosis, increasing nitric oxide (NO) release and promoting the expression of cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
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18
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Zhuansun W, Xu J, Liu H, Zhao Y, Chen L, Shan S, Song S, Zhang H, Dong T, Zeng H, Xu Q. Optimisation of the production of a selenium-enriched polysaccharide from Cordyceps cicadae S1 and its structure and antioxidant activity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1032289. [PMID: 36337663 PMCID: PMC9631440 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1032289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The fermentation medium of a newly identified Cordyceps cicadae S1 was optimized by response surface methodology, with the optimal medium containing sucrose (80 g/L), yeast powder (60 g/L), KH2PO4 (5 g/L), MgSO4·7H2O (1 g/L) and Na2SeO3 (0. 1 g/L). Under these conditions, the extracellular polysaccharide yield was 8.09 g/L. A novel selenium-enriched polysaccharide (PACI-1) was isolated from Cordyceps cicadae, purified and identified as a homofructose polysaccharide with a low average molecular weight of 9.95 × 103 Da. The fine structure of PACI-1 was analyzed using NMR, CD, and AFM. Additionally, the in vitro antioxidant results showed that the PACI-1 had stronger antioxidant capacity than natural polysaccharides. These results provided a candidate strain for producing selenium polysaccharide and a new polysaccharide from C. cicadae, which showed good antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Zhuansun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, School of Life Sciences Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Jun Xu
- R&D Center of Anhui Kouzi Distillery Co., Ltd, Huaibei, China
| | - Hengzhao Liu
- R&D Center of Anhui Kouzi Distillery Co., Ltd, Huaibei, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- R&D Center of Anhui Kouzi Distillery Co., Ltd, Huaibei, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- R&D Center of Anhui Kouzi Distillery Co., Ltd, Huaibei, China
| | - Shufang Shan
- R&D Center of Anhui Kouzi Distillery Co., Ltd, Huaibei, China
| | - Shiqin Song
- Key Laboratory of Se-enriched Products Development and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ankang, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Se-enriched Food Development, Ankang R&D Center for Se-enriched Products, Ankang, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, School of Life Sciences Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Tingting Dong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, School of Life Sciences Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Huawei Zeng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, School of Life Sciences Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Qinxiang Xu
- R&D Center of Anhui Kouzi Distillery Co., Ltd, Huaibei, China
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Ge Z, Chen X, Yang R, Li W, Yin B, Li Z, Dong M. Structure of a unique fucose-containing exopolysaccharide from Sayram ketteki yoghurt and its anti-MRSA biofilm effect. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:643-654. [PMID: 35777514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we reported an in situ exopolysaccharide (in situ-EPS1) containing rare fucose produced by Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1 in Sayram ketteki yoghurt, which made it unique. Its fine structure was characterized by GPC, HPLC, FT-IR, GC-MS,1HNMR and 13CNMR together with two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectra. The results revealed that in situ-EPS1 was a new heteropolysaccharide with molecular weight of 1.06 × 105 Da, and was composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucose, galactose and fucose with the following repeating units. Furthermore, the in situ-EPS1 exhibited significant antibiofilm effect against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Notably, the in situ-EPS1 did not interfere with the planktonic growth of MRSA strain, whereas inhibited its cell metabolic activity and the transcription of genes related to biofilm formation. This unique antibiofilm but non-antibacterial mechanism supposedly prevented the development of bacterial drug resistance, which may open a new door to fight against these drug-resistant microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Ge
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Renqin Yang
- Yangzhou Kangyuan Dairy Co., Ltd., Yangzhou University, No. 88, Dingxing Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Baixing Yin
- Yangzhou Kangyuan Dairy Co., Ltd., Yangzhou University, No. 88, Dingxing Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingsheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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20
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Zhu J, Tan Z, Zhang Z, Shi X. Characterization on structure and bioactivities of an exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus curvatus SJTUF 62116. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 210:504-517. [PMID: 35508227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the chemical structure, physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacity, antibacterial ability and anti-biofilm formation activity of an exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Lactobacillus curvatus SJTUF 62116 from the fish Gymnocypris przewalskii. The purified EPS, denoted as EPS-1, was mainly composed of glucose and mannose at a relative molar ratio of 1:1.05 with molecular weight of 31.9 kDa. The chemical structure of EPS-1 was consisted of →2)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, T-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, and →3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ glycosidic bonds. A sheet-like structure of dried EPS-1 was determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), whilst a peak-shaped structure of EPS-1 was observed by atomic force microscope (AFM). The degradation temperature of EPS-1 was determined as 300.21 °C using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, the antioxidant capacity of EPS-1 at a concentration of 5.0 mg/mL against DPPH and ABTS was 84.50% and 92.53%, respectively. Furthermore, EPS-1 exhibited acceptable bacteriostatic efficacy against S. Enteritidis, E. coli, and S.aureus with significant inhibition of S. Enteritidis biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zhu
- MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhongfang Tan
- College of Agriculture Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xianming Shi
- MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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21
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Guan T, Wei X, Xu P, Chen K, Zou Y, Chen M, Zhu Z. Comparison of structural and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide extracted from truffles. J Food Sci 2022; 87:2999-3012. [PMID: 35674229 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
As the main component of truffles, polysaccharides have a variety of biological activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, and hypoglycemic activity, and these activities are closely related to its structure. In this study, Tuber Aestivum crude polysaccharide (TACP) and Tuber Melanosporum crude polysaccharide (TMCP) were obtained from Tuber Aestivum and Tuber Melanosporum by using microwave-assisted hot water, and then the Sephadex G-200 column was utilized to further separate and purify Tuber Aestivum polysaccharide (TAP) and Tuber Melanosporum polysaccharide (TMP) from TACP and TMCP. The structural characterization results showed that the molecular weight of TAP was 2.18 × 104 kDa, while TMP was 8.79 × 103 kDa. Although the two polysaccharide components were mainly composed of mannose (Man) and glucose (Glc), the molar ratio of Man and Glc in TAP was 14.76: 12.31, with a molar ratio of 5.43:10.94 in TMP. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of two polysaccharide components was evaluated. TAP and TMP could protect porcine jejunal epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells from oxidative damage by H2 O2 , but TAP exhibited stronger antioxidant effects. It was mainly reflected that TAP could increase the secretion level of intracellular antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) in IPEC-J2 cells, and had a significant effect on the total antioxidant capacity of cells. The reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde had better scavenging ability at the concentration of 20 µg/ml. The difference between TAP and TMP may be due to the dissimilar structure. Its structure-activity relationship needs further study. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The structure of TAP and TMP were different, and TAP had higher molecular weight. Besides, TAP and TMP can protect IPEC-J2 cells from oxidative stress, providing a theoretical basis for developing potential antioxidant drugs of practical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongwei Guan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Pei Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Kebao Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Mengsi Chen
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
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22
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Tian J, Tang C, Wang X, Zhang X, Xiao L, Li W. Supramolecular structure features and immunomodulatory effects of exopolysaccharide from Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ1213 in RAW264.7 cells through NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:464-474. [PMID: 35278511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the supramolecular structure features and immunomodulatory effects of two exopolysaccharide fractions (EPS1 and EPS2) from Paecilomyces cicada TJJ1213 in vitro. AFM images revealed that EPS1 and EPS2 displayed different morphological features at different concentrations. Congo red and XRD assay further proved that EPS1 and EPS2 mainly exhibited amorphous structure with random coil conformation in solution. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory effect of EPSs was investigated on RAW264.7 cells. Results showed that EPS1 and EPS2 could enhance the phagocytic activity and induce the NO production and could also significantly up-regulate the mRNA expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-4. Western blot assay analysis demonstrated that EPSs increased protein expression of TLR4 and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p50/p65. Additionally, the phosphorylation levels of MAPKs proteins (p38, ERK and JNK) were also remarkably increased. Thus, EPSs could active TLR4-NF-κB/MAPKs signaling pathways to exert the immunomodulatory effect on macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Chao Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Luyao Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
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Separation, Purification, Structural Characterization, and Anticancer Activity of a Novel Exopolysaccharide from Mucor sp. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072071. [PMID: 35408470 PMCID: PMC9000282 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mucor sp. has a wide range of applications in the food fermentation industry. In this study, a novel exopolysaccharide, labeled MSEPS, was separated from Mucor sp. fermentation broth through ethanol precipitation and was purified by ion-exchange chromatography, as well as gel filtration column chromatography. MSEPS was composed mostly of mannose, galactose, fucose, arabinose, and glucose with a molar ratio of 0.466:0.169:0.139:0.126:0.015 and had a molecular weight of 7.78 × 104 Da. The analysis of methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance results indicated that MSEPS mainly consisted of a backbone of →3,6)-α-d-Manp-(1→3,6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, with substitution at O-3 of →6)-α-d-Manp-(1→ and →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→ by terminal α-l-Araf residues. MTT assays showed that MSEPS was nontoxic in normal cells (HK-2 cells) and inhibited the proliferation of carcinoma cells (SGC-7901 cells). Additionally, morphological analysis and flow cytometry experiments indicated that MSEPS promoted SGC-7901 cell death via apoptosis. Therefore, MSEPS from Mucor sp. can be developed as a potential antitumor agent.
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Wang X, Li W, Xu M, Tian J, Li W. The Microbial Diversity and Biofilm-Forming Characteristic of Two Traditional Tibetan Kefir Grains. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010012. [PMID: 35010139 PMCID: PMC8750057 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a high-throughput sequencing technique was used to analyze bacterial and fungal diversity of two traditional Tibetan kefir grains from Linzhi (K1) and Naqu (K2) regions. Comparative bioinformatic analyses indicated that Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens, L. kefiri and Kluyveromyces marxianus were the main dominant strains in K1 and K2. In order to research the relationship of the growth of kefir grains, the biofilm and the extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) produced by microorganisms, the proliferation rate of kefir grains, the yield and chemical structure of EPS and the optimal days for biofilm formation were determined. The results showed that the growth rate, the yield of EPS and the biofilm formation ability of K1 were higher than K2, and the optimal day of their biofilm formation was the same in 10th day. Additionally, the live cells, dead cells and EPS in biofilm formation of K1 and K2 were observed by fluorescence microscope to clarify the formation process of kefir grains. To determine the influence of microbial interactions on biofilm and the formation of kefir grains, the essential role of microbial quorum sensing needs further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wei Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-84396989
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25
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Tian J, Wang X, Zhang X, Chen X, Rui X, Zhang Q, Dong M, Li W. Simulated digestion and fecal fermentation behaviors of exopolysaccharides from Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ1213 and its effects on human gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:833-843. [PMID: 34389385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the in vitro simulated digestion and fecal fermentation behaviors of two purified exopolysaccharide fractions (EPS1 and EPS2) from Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ1213 and its effects on human gut microbiota composition. Results showed that EPS1 and EPS2 could not be digested by saliva-gastrointestinal. After fecal fermentation, however, the molecular weight of EPS1 and EPS2 significantly decreased, and the molar ratios of the monosaccharide composition remarkably changed, indicating that EPS1 and EPS2 could be degraded and consumed by human gut microbiota. Notably, EPS1 and EPS2 could significantly modulate the composition, via increasing the relative abundances of Bacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium and decreasing the pathogenic bacteria Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella and Fusobacterium. In addition, EPS1 and EPS2 also could promote the production of short-chain fatty acids during fermentation for 24 h. These results suggest that EPS from Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ1213 can be used as a functional food to improve health and prevent diseases by promoting gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xin Rui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Qiuqin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Mingsheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
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