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Puig N, Rives J, Gil-Millan P, Miñambres I, Ginel A, Tauron M, Bonaterra-Pastra A, Hernández-Guillamon M, Pérez A, Sánchez-Quesada JL, Benitez S. Apolipoprotein J protects cardiomyocytes from lipid-mediated inflammation and cytotoxicity induced by the epicardial adipose tissue of diabetic patients. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116779. [PMID: 38776681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic patients present increased volume and functional alterations in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). We aimed to analyze EAT from type 2 diabetic patients and the inflammatory and cytotoxic effects induced on cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, we analyzed the cardioprotective role of apolipoprotein J (apoJ). EAT explants were obtained from nondiabetic patients (ND), diabetic patients without coronary disease (DM), and DM patients with coronary disease (DM-C) after heart surgery. Morphological characteristics and gene expression were evaluated. Explants were cultured for 24 h and the content of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and sphingolipid species in secretomes was evaluated by lipidomic analysis. Afterwards, secretomes were added to AC16 human cardiomyocytes for 24 h in the presence or absence of cardioprotective molecules (apoJ and HDL). Cytokine release and apoptosis/necrosis were assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry. The EAT from the diabetic samples showed altered expression of genes related to lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, and inflammation. The secretomes from the DM samples presented an increased ratio of pro/antiatherogenic ceramide (Cer) species, while those from DM-C contained the highest concentration of saturated NEFA. DM and DM-C secretomes promoted inflammation and cytotoxicity on AC16 cardiomyocytes. Exogenous Cer16:0, Cer24:1, and palmitic acid reproduced deleterious effects in AC16 cells. These effects were attenuated by exogenous apoJ. Diabetic secretomes promoted inflammation and cytotoxicity in cardiomyocytes. This effect was exacerbated in the secretomes of the DM-C samples. The increased content of specific NEFA and ceramide species seems to play a key role in inducing such deleterious effects, which are attenuated by apoJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Puig
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - José Rives
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Pedro Gil-Millan
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and IR-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inka Miñambres
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and IR-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonino Ginel
- Cardiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and IR-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Tauron
- Cardiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and IR-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bonaterra-Pastra
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Hernández-Guillamon
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luís Sánchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sonia Benitez
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Cote B, Elbarbry F, Bui F, Su JW, Seo K, Nguyen A, Lee M, Rao DA. Mechanistic Basis for the Role of Phytochemicals in Inflammation-Associated Chronic Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030781. [PMID: 35164043 PMCID: PMC8838908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases occur in a large portion of the population and are associated with a poor diet. Key natural products found in fruits and vegetables may assist in lowering inflammation associated with chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This review seeks to examine the roles of several natural products, resveratrol (RES), quercetin (QUE), curcumin (CUR), piperine (PIP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and gingerol (GIN), in their ability to attenuate inflammatory markers in specific diseases states. Additionally, we will discuss findings in past and ongoing clinical trials, detail possible phytochemical–drug interactions, and provide a brief resource for researchers and healthcare professionals on natural product and supplement regulation as well as names of databases with information on efficacy, indications, and natural product–drug interactions. As diet and over-the-counter supplement use are modifiable factors and patients are interested in using complementary and alternative therapies, understanding the mechanisms by which natural products have demonstrated efficacy and the types of drugs they interact with and knowing where to find information on herbs and supplements is important for practicing healthcare providers and researchers interested in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Cote
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA;
| | - Fawzy Elbarbry
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR 97123, USA; (F.E.); (F.B.); (K.S.); (A.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Fiona Bui
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR 97123, USA; (F.E.); (F.B.); (K.S.); (A.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Joe W. Su
- School of Pharmacy, West Coast University, Los Angeles, CA 90004, USA;
| | - Karen Seo
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR 97123, USA; (F.E.); (F.B.); (K.S.); (A.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Arthur Nguyen
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR 97123, USA; (F.E.); (F.B.); (K.S.); (A.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Max Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR 97123, USA; (F.E.); (F.B.); (K.S.); (A.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Deepa A. Rao
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR 97123, USA; (F.E.); (F.B.); (K.S.); (A.N.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence:
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3
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Voglhuber J, Ljubojevic-Holzer S, Abdellatif M, Sedej S. Targeting Cardiovascular Risk Factors Through Dietary Adaptations and Caloric Restriction Mimetics. Front Nutr 2021; 8:758058. [PMID: 34660673 PMCID: PMC8514725 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.758058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The average human life expectancy continues to rise globally and so does the prevalence and absolute burden of cardiovascular disease. Dietary restriction promotes longevity and improves various cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. However, low adherence to caloric restriction renders this stringent dietary intervention challenging to adopt as a standard practice for cardiovascular disease prevention. Hence, alternative eating patterns and strategies that recapitulate the salutary benefits of caloric restriction are under intense investigation. Here, we first provide an overview of alternative interventions, including intermittent fasting, alternate-day fasting and the Mediterranean diet, along with their cardiometabolic effects in animal models and humans. We then present emerging pharmacological alternatives, including spermidine, NAD+ precursors, resveratrol, and metformin, as promising caloric restriction mimetics, and briefly touch on the mechanisms underpinning their cardiometabolic and health-promoting effects. We conclude that implementation of feasible dietary approaches holds the promise to attenuate the burden of cardiovascular disease and facilitate healthy aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Voglhuber
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Senka Ljubojevic-Holzer
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par La Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institute Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
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4
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Jhanji M, Rao CN, Sajish M. Towards resolving the enigma of the dichotomy of resveratrol: cis- and trans-resveratrol have opposite effects on TyrRS-regulated PARP1 activation. GeroScience 2021; 43:1171-1200. [PMID: 33244652 PMCID: PMC7690980 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike widely perceived, resveratrol (RSV) decreased the average lifespan and extended only the replicative lifespan in yeast. Similarly, although not widely discussed, RSV is also known to evoke neurite degeneration, kidney toxicity, atherosclerosis, premature senescence, and genotoxicity through yet unknown mechanisms. Nevertheless, in vivo animal models of diseases and human clinical trials demonstrate inconsistent protective and beneficial effects. Therefore, the mechanism of action of RSV that elicits beneficial effects remains an enigma. In a previously published work, we demonstrated structural similarities between RSV and tyrosine amino acid. RSV acts as a tyrosine antagonist and competes with it to bind to human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS). Interestingly, although both isomers of RSV bind to TyrRS, only the cis-isomer evokes a unique structural change at the active site to promote its interaction with poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1), a major determinant of cellular NAD+-dependent stress response. However, retention of trans-RSV in the active site of TyrRS mimics its tyrosine-bound conformation that inhibits the auto-poly-ADP-ribos(PAR)ylation of PARP1. Therefore, we proposed that cis-RSV-induced TyrRS-regulated auto-PARylation of PARP1 would contribute, at least in part, to the reported health benefits of RSV through the induction of protective stress response. This observation suggested that trans-RSV would inhibit TyrRS/PARP1-mediated protective stress response and would instead elicit an opposite effect compared to cis-RSV. Interestingly, most recent studies also confirmed the conversion of trans-RSV and its metabolites to cis-RSV in the physiological context. Therefore, the finding that cis-RSV and trans-RSV induce two distinct conformations of TyrRS with opposite effects on the auto-PARylation of PARP1 provides a potential molecular basis for the observed dichotomic effects of RSV under different experimental paradigms. However, the fact that natural RSV exists as a diastereomeric mixture of its cis and trans isomers and cis-RSV is also a physiologically relevant isoform has not yet gained much scientific attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Jhanji
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Chintada Nageswara Rao
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Mathew Sajish
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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Jakubik D, Fitas A, Eyileten C, Jarosz-Popek J, Nowak A, Czajka P, Wicik Z, Sourij H, Siller-Matula JM, De Rosa S, Postula M. MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiological processes of diabetic cardiomyopathy: emerging biomarkers and potential therapeutics. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:55. [PMID: 33639953 PMCID: PMC7916283 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of diabetes mellitus (DM) necessitates the development of novel therapeutic and preventative strategies to attenuate complications of this debilitating disease. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a frequent disorder affecting individuals diagnosed with DM characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic and systolic dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis in the absence of other heart diseases. Progression of DCM is associated with impaired cardiac insulin metabolic signaling, increased oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial and cardiomyocyte calcium metabolism, and inflammation. Various non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as well as their target genes are implicated in the complex pathophysiology of DCM. It has been demonstrated that miRNAs and lncRNAs play an important role in maintaining homeostasis through regulation of multiple genes, thus they attract substantial scientific interest as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and as a potential therapeutic strategy in DM complications. This article will review the different miRNAs and lncRNA studied in the context of DM, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes and the contribution of pathophysiological mechanisms including inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, hypertrophy and fibrosis to the development of DCM .
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jakubik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alex Fitas
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Jarosz-Popek
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.,Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Nowak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pamela Czajka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Wicik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.,Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal Do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Harald Sourij
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jolanta M Siller-Matula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Salvatore De Rosa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy.,Cardiovascular Research Center, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marek Postula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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6
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Otręba M, Kośmider L, Rzepecka-Stojko A. Polyphenols' Cardioprotective Potential: Review of Rat Fibroblasts as Well as Rat and Human Cardiomyocyte Cell Lines Research. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040774. [PMID: 33546142 PMCID: PMC7913231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases are responsible for 31% of global deaths. A reduction in mortality can be achieved by promoting a healthy lifestyle, developing prevention strategies, and developing new therapies. Polyphenols are present in food and drinks such as tea, cocoa, fruits, berries, and vegetables. These compounds have strong antioxidative properties, which might have a cardioprotective effect. The aim of this paper is to examine the potential of polyphenols in cardioprotective use based on in vitro human and rat cardiomyocytes as well as fibroblast research. Based on the papers discussed in this review, polyphenols have the potential for cardioprotective use due to their multilevel points of action which include, among others, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antithrombotic, and vasodilatory. Polyphenols may have potential use in new and effective preventions or therapies for cardiovascular diseases, yet more clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Otręba
- Department of Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-364-11-80
| | - Leon Kośmider
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
- Department of Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
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7
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Evans LW, Athukorala M, Martinez-Guryn K, Ferguson BS. The Role of Histone Acetylation and the Microbiome in Phytochemical Efficacy for Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4006. [PMID: 32503339 PMCID: PMC7313062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death worldwide and create a substantial financial burden. Emerging studies have begun to focus on epigenetic targets and re-establishing healthy gut microbes as therapeutic options for the treatment and prevention of CVD. Phytochemicals, commonly found in fruits and vegetables, have been shown to exert a protective effect against CVD, though their mechanisms of action remain incompletely understood. Of interest, phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) have been shown to regulate both histone acetylation and microbiome re-composition. The purpose of this review is to highlight the microbiome-epigenome axis as a therapeutic target for food bioactives in the prevention and/or treatment of CVD. Specifically, we will discuss studies that highlight how the three phytochemicals above alter histone acetylation leading to global changes in gene expression and CVD protection. Then, we will expand upon these phytochemicals to discuss the impact of phytochemical-microbiome-histone acetylation interaction in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi W. Evans
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (L.W.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Maheshi Athukorala
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (L.W.E.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Bradley S. Ferguson
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (L.W.E.); (M.A.)
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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8
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Jalili C, Farzaei MH, Roshankhah S, Salahshoor MR. Resveratrol attenuates malathion-induced liver damage by reducing oxidative stress. J Lab Physicians 2020; 11:212-219. [PMID: 31579256 PMCID: PMC6771320 DOI: 10.4103/jlp.jlp_43_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide which disrupts the antioxidant system of the body. Resveratrol is a phytoestrogen and antioxidant of the red grape. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of resveratrol against toxic effects of malathion to the liver of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 48 male rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups: control normal (saline) and malathion control-treated groups (50 mg/kg), resveratrol groups (2, 8, and 20 mg/kg), and malathion + resveratrol-treated groups (2, 8, and 20 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally daily for 14 days. Griess technique was assessed for determined serum nitrite oxide level. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were determined for liver functional disturbances. In addition, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, antioxidant capacity, the diameter of hepatocytes, and the central hepatic vein (CHV) were investigated. RESULTS: Malathion administration significantly improved liver malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite oxide level, the mean diameter of CHV and hepatocyte, and liver enzymes and decreased tissue ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) level compared to the normal control group (P < 0.01). The resveratrol and resveratrol + malathion treatments at all doses significantly reduced the mean diameter of hepatocyte and CHV, liver enzymes, kidney MDA, and nitrite oxide levels and increased tissue FRAP level compared to the malathion control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: It seems that resveratrol administration improved liver injury induced by malathion in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Jalili
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shiva Roshankhah
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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9
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SIRT3-mediated inhibition of FOS through histone H3 deacetylation prevents cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:14. [PMID: 32296036 PMCID: PMC7046732 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a deacetylase that modulates proteins that control metabolism and protects against oxidative stress. Modulation of SIRT3 activity has been proposed as a promising therapeutic target for ameliorating metabolic diseases and associated cardiac disturbances. In this study, we investigated the role of SIRT3 in inflammation and fibrosis in the heart using male mice with constitutive and systemic deletion of SIRT3 and human cardiac AC16 cells. SIRT3 knockout mice showed cardiac fibrosis and inflammation that was characterized by augmented transcriptional activity of AP-1. Consistent with this, SIRT3 overexpression in human and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes partially prevented the inflammatory and profibrotic response induced by TNF-α. Notably, these effects were associated with a decrease in the mRNA and protein levels of FOS and the DNA-binding activity of AP-1. Finally, we demonstrated that SIRT3 inhibits FOS transcription through specific histone H3 lysine K27 deacetylation at its promoter. These findings highlight an important function of SIRT3 in mediating the often intricate profibrotic and proinflammatory responses of cardiac cells through the modulation of the FOS/AP-1 pathway. Since fibrosis and inflammation are crucial in the progression of cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and diabetic cardiomyopathy, our results point to SIRT3 as a potential target for treating these diseases.
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Nakajima S, Ishimaru K, Kobayashi A, Yu G, Nakamura Y, Oh-Oka K, Suzuki-Inoue K, Kono K, Nakao A. Resveratrol inhibits IL-33-mediated mast cell activation by targeting the MK2/3-PI3K/Akt axis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18423. [PMID: 31804564 PMCID: PMC6895112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33)/ST2-mediated mast cell activation plays important roles in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases. Hence, pharmacologically targeting the IL-33/ST2 pathway in mast cells could help to treat such diseases. We found that resveratrol inhibits IL-33/ST2-mediated mast cell activation. Resveratrol suppressed IL-33-induced IL-6, IL-13, and TNF-α production in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs), mouse fetal skin-derived mast cells, and human basophils. Resveratrol also attenuated cytokine expression induced by intranasal administration of IL-33 in mouse lung. IL-33-mediated cytokine production in mast cells requires activation of the NF-κB and MAPK p38-MAPK-activated protein kinase-2/3 (MK2/3)-PI3K/Akt pathway, and resveratrol clearly inhibited IL-33-induced activation of the MK2/3-PI3K/Akt pathway, but not the NF-κB pathway, without affecting p38 in BMMCs. Importantly, resveratrol inhibited the kinase activity of MK2, and an MK2/3 inhibitor recapitulated the suppressive effects of resveratrol. Resveratrol and an MK2/3 inhibitor also inhibited IgE-dependent degranulation and cytokine production in BMMCs, concomitant with suppression of the MK2/3-PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings indicate that resveratrol inhibits both IL-33/ST2-mediated and IgE-dependent mast cell activation principally by targeting the MK2/3-PI3K/Akt axis downstream of p38. Thus, resveratrol may have potential for the prevention and treatment of broad ranges of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Nakajima
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan. .,Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan. .,Department of Progressive DOHaD Research, Faculty of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan. .,Department of Progressive DOHaD Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Kayoko Ishimaru
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Anna Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Guannan Yu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kyoko Oh-Oka
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Katsue Suzuki-Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Nakao
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
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Campos NA, da Cunha MSB, Arruda SF. Tucum-do-cerrado (Bactris setosa Mart.) modulates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis-related proteins in rats treated with azoxymethane. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206670. [PMID: 30427888 PMCID: PMC6235309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative and inflammatory responses play an important role in the development and prevention of cancer, with both responses being modulated by phytochemical compounds. This study investigated the chemopreventive effect of tucum-do-cerrado fruit in rats treated with azoxymethane. Wistar rats were treated for 12 weeks with: a control diet (CT); a control diet + AOM (CT/DR); a control diet + 15% tucum-do-cerrado (TU); or a control diet + 15% tucum-do-cerrado + AOM (TU/DR). The association of tucum-do-cerrado and AOM (TU/DR) increased glutathione-S-transferase activity, decreased MDA levels, increased levels of COX2, TNFα and BAX, and decreased Bcl2/Bax ratio, compared to the CT/DR group. Carbonyl levels, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA levels, and aberrant crypt foci showed no difference between the treatments. In conclusion, tucum-do-cerrado reduced lipid oxidative damage, induced a pro-inflammatory effect, and promoted a pro-apoptotic “environment” in rats treated with AOM; however no changes in aberrant crypts were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália A. Campos
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Marcela S. B. da Cunha
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Campus Reitor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Sandra F. Arruda
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences; Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Zarrabi M, Afzal E, Ebrahimi M. Manipulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Fate by Small Molecule Compounds. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1175-1190. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Zarrabi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Royan Stem Cell Technology Company, Cord Blood Bank, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Afzal
- Royan Stem Cell Technology Company, Cord Blood Bank, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Yang Y, Hu W, Di S, Ma Z, Fan C, Wang D, Jiang S, Li Y, Zhou Q, Li T, Luo E. Tackling myocardial ischemic injury: the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) at a good site. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 21:215-228. [PMID: 28001439 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1275566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shouyin Di
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chongxi Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Resveratrol improves TNF-α-induced endothelial dysfunction in a coculture model of a Caco-2 with an endothelial cell line. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 36:21-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Palomer X, Capdevila-Busquets E, Botteri G, Davidson MM, Rodríguez C, Martínez-González J, Vidal F, Barroso E, Chan TO, Feldman AM, Vázquez-Carrera M. miR-146a targets Fos expression in human cardiac cells. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:1081-91. [PMID: 26112171 PMCID: PMC4582106 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.020768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
miR-146a is a microRNA whose transcript levels are induced in the heart upon activation of NF-κB, a transcription factor induced by pro-inflammatory molecules (such as TNF-α) that is strongly related to the pathogenesis of cardiac disorders. The main goal of this study consisted of studying new roles of miR-146a in cardiac pathological processes caused by the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Our results demonstrate that miR-146a transcript levels were sharply increased in cardiac ventricular tissue of transgenic mice with specific overexpression of TNF-α in the heart, and also in a cardiomyocyte cell line of human origin (AC16) exposed to TNF-α. Among all the in silico predicted miR-146a target genes, Fos mRNA and protein levels notably decreased after TNF-α treatment or miR-146a overexpression. These changes correlated with a diminution in the DNA-binding activity of AP-1, the Fos-containing transcription factor complex. Interestingly, AP-1 inhibition was accompanied by a reduction in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 mRNA levels in human cardiac cells. The specific regulation of this MMP by miR-146a was further confirmed at the secretion and enzymatic activity levels, as well as after anti-miR-mediated miR-146a inhibition. The results reported here demonstrate that Fos is a direct target of miR-146a activity and that downregulation of the Fos–AP-1 pathway by miR-146a has the capacity to inhibit MMP-9 activity. Given that MMP-9 is an AP-1 target gene involved in cardiac remodeling, myocardial dysfunction and progression of heart failure, these findings suggest that miR-146a might be a new and promising therapeutic tool for treating cardiac disorders associated with enhanced inflammation in the heart. Summary: These findings demonstrate that Fos is a direct target of miR-146a activity and that downregulation of the Fos–AP-1 pathway by miR-146a can inhibit MMP-9 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona) and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Eva Capdevila-Busquets
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona) and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Gaia Botteri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona) and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Mercy M Davidson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University, P&S 11-451, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Avda. Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Avda. Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Francisco Vidal
- Unitat de Diagnòstic i Teràpia Molecular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Emma Barroso
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona) and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Tung O Chan
- Department of Medicine, The Center for Translational Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, 1025 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Arthur M Feldman
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N, Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona) and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
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Khamaneh AM, Alipour MR, Sheikhzadeh Hesari F, Ghadiri Soufi F. A signature of microRNA-155 in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:301-9. [PMID: 25929727 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to explore the potential involvement of miR-155 in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications. Male rats were divided into control and diabetic groups (n = 6). Type 2 diabetes was induced by a single-dose injection of nicotinamide (110 mg/kg; intraperitoneal (i.p.)), 15 min before injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 50 mg/kg; i.p.) in 12-h fasted rats. Two months after induction of diabetes, the rats were sacrificed for subsequent measurements. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity was higher in diabetic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), aorta, heart, kidney, liver, and sciatic nerve, than the control counterparts. Also, apoptosis rate was increased in these tissues, except the aorta. NF-κB messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level was higher in the kidney, heart, PBMCs, and sciatic nerve of diabetic rats than their control counterparts. Except the liver, the miR-155 expression level was significantly decreased in diabetic kidney, heart, aorta, PBMCs, and sciatic nerve versus the controls. Moreover, the expression of miR-155 was negatively correlated with NF-κB activity and apoptosis rate. These results suggest that changes in the expression of miR-155 may participate in the pathogenesis of diabetes-related complications, but causal relationship between miR-155 dysregulation and diabetic complications is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mahdi Khamaneh
- School of advanced medical sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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17
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Rohrbach S, Aslam M, Niemann B, Schulz R. Impact of caloric restriction on myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury and new therapeutic options to mimic its effects. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 171:2964-92. [PMID: 24611611 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is the most reliable intervention to extend lifespan and prevent age-related disorders in various species from yeast to rodents. Short- and long-term CR confers cardio protection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury in young and even in aged rodents. A few human trials suggest that CR has the potential to mediate improvement of cardiac or vascular function and induce retardation of cardiac senescence also in humans. The underlying mechanisms are diverse and have not yet been clearly defined. Among the known mediators for the benefits of CR are NO, the AMP-activated PK, sirtuins and adiponectin. Mitochondria, which play a central role in such complex processes within the cell as apoptosis, ATP-production or oxidative stress, are centrally involved in many aspects of CR-induced protection against ischaemic injury. Here, we discuss the relevant literature regarding the protection against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury conferred by CR. Furthermore, we will discuss drug targets to mimic CR and the possible role of calorie restriction in preserving cardiovascular function in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Rohrbach
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Deregulation of NF-кB–miR-146a negative feedback loop may be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:51-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Palomer X, Capdevila-Busquets E, Garreta G, Davidson MM, Vázquez-Carrera M. PPARα atenúa el estrés del retículo endoplasmático inducido por palmitato en células cardíacas humanas por medio de la inducción de la actividad AMPK. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2014; 26:255-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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20
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Palomer X, Capdevila-Busquets E, Botteri G, Salvadó L, Barroso E, Davidson MM, Michalik L, Wahli W, Vázquez-Carrera M. PPARβ/δ attenuates palmitate-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and induces autophagic markers in human cardiac cells. Int J Cardiol 2014; 174:110-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.03.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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Pangeni R, Sahni JK, Ali J, Sharma S, Baboota S. Resveratrol: review on therapeutic potential and recent advances in drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1285-98. [PMID: 24830814 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.919253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Natural products have seen a wide range of acceptability for the prevention and treatment of diseases throughout history. Resveratrol, a member of the stilbene family, has been found to potentially exhibit anticancer, antiangiogenic, immunomodulatory and cardioprotective activities as well as being an antioxidant. This is in addition to its usefulness in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease, diabetes and cardiac ailments. Currently, various studies have revealed that resveratrol is a potential drug candidate with multi-spectrum therapeutic application. AREAS COVERED This review aims to describe the various studies supporting the wide range of pharmacological activities of resveratrol. In addition, it includes a section devoted to discussing the challenges associated with the drug and strategies to improve the properties of resveratrol such as solubility, stability and bioavailability. EXPERT OPINION Resveratrol demonstrated its ability to be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of different ailments due to its potent antioxidant properties. To improve the drug stability, increase the bioavailability and minimize side-effects of resveratrol, novel drug delivery systems have been formulated to bring this potential candidate to the first line of disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Pangeni
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, Department of Pharmaceutics , New Delhi , India
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Inhibition of age-related cytokines production by ATGL: a mechanism linked to the anti-inflammatory effect of resveratrol. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:917698. [PMID: 24817795 PMCID: PMC4000984 DOI: 10.1155/2014/917698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is characterized by the expansion and the decreased vascularization of visceral adipose tissue (vAT), disruption of metabolic activities, and decline of the function of the immune system, leading to chronic inflammatory states. We previously demonstrated that, in vAT of mice at early state of ageing, adipocytes mount a stress resistance response consisting in the upregulation of ATGL, which is functional in restraining the production of inflammatory cytokines. Here, we found that, in the late phase of ageing, such an adaptive response is impaired. In particular, 24-months-old mice and aged 3T3-L1 adipocytes display affected expression of ATGL and its downstream PPARα-mediated lipid signalling pathway, leading to upregulation of TNFα and IL-6 production. We show that the natural polyphenol compound resveratrol (RSV) efficiently suppresses the expression of TNFα and IL-6 in an ATGL/PPARα dependent manner. Actually, adipocytes downregulating ATGL do not show a restored PPARα expression and display elevated cytokines production. Overall the results obtained highlight a crucial function of ATGL in inhibiting age-related inflammation and reinforce the idea that RSV could represent a valid natural compound to limit the onset and/or the exacerbation of the age-related inflammatory states.
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A Review of the Pharmacological Effects of the Dried Root of Polygonum cuspidatum (Hu Zhang) and Its Constituents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:208349. [PMID: 24194779 PMCID: PMC3806114 DOI: 10.1155/2013/208349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in China for thousands of years to treat and prevent diseases. TCM has been proven safe and effective, and it is being considered as one of the important types of complementary and alternative medicine and receives increasing attention worldwide. The dried root of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. (also known as “Hu Zhang” in Chinese) is one of the medicinal herbs listed in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. Hu Zhang is widely distributed in the world. It can be found in Asia and North America and is used as folk medicine in countries such as Japan and Korea. In China, Hu Zhang is usually used in combination with other TCM herbs. The therapeutic uses of those Hu Zhang-containing TCM prescriptions or formulations are for treating cough, hepatitis, jaundice, amenorrhea, leucorrhea, arthralgia, burns and snake bites. Recent pharmacological and clinical studies have indicated that Hu Zhang has antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective functions. This review gives a summary of the reported therapeutic effects of the active compounds and the different extracts of Hu Zhang.
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Palomer X, Salvadó L, Barroso E, Vázquez-Carrera M. An overview of the crosstalk between inflammatory processes and metabolic dysregulation during diabetic cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:3160-72. [PMID: 23932046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.07.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus are all linked to cardiovascular diseases such as cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Diabetic cardiomyopathy in particular, is characterized by structural and functional alterations in the heart muscle of people with diabetes that finally lead to heart failure, and which is not directly attributable to coronary artery disease or hypertension. Several mechanisms have been involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy, such as alterations in myocardial energy metabolism and calcium signaling. Metabolic disturbances during diabetic cardiomyopathy are characterized by increased lipid oxidation, intramyocardial triglyceride accumulation, and reduced glucose utilization. Overall changes result in enhanced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes. On the other hand, the progression of heart failure and cardiac hypertrophy usually entails a local rise in cytokines in cardiac cells and the activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Interestingly, increasing evidences are arising in the recent years that point to a potential link between chronic low-grade inflammation in the heart and metabolic dysregulation. Therefore, in this review we summarize recent new insights into the crosstalk between inflammatory processes and metabolic dysregulation in the failing heart during diabetes, paying special attention to the role of NF-κB and peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs). In addition, we briefly describe the role of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and other pathways regulating cardiac energy metabolism, as well as their relationship with diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona), Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
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