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Fakih W, Mroueh A, Gong DS, Kikuchi S, Pieper MP, Kindo M, Mazzucottelli JP, Mommerot A, Kanso M, Ohlmann P, Morel O, Schini-Kerth V, Jesel L. Activated factor X stimulates atrial endothelial cells and tissues to promote remodelling responses through AT1R/NADPH oxidases/SGLT1/2. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:1138-1154. [PMID: 38742661 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia favouring ischemic stroke and heart failure involves left atrial remodelling, fibrosis and a complex interplay between cardiovascular risk factors. This study examined whether activated factor X (FXa) induces pro-remodelling and pro-fibrotic responses in atrial endothelial cells (AECs) and human atrial tissues and determined the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS AECs collected from porcine hearts and human right atrial appendages (RAA) from patients undergoing heart surgery. Protein expression levels were assessed by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining, mRNA levels by RT-qPCR, formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO using fluorescent probes, thrombin and angiotensin II generation by specific assays, fibrosis by Sirius red staining and senescence by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity. In AECs, FXa increased ROS formation, senescence (SA-β-gal activity, p53, p21), angiotensin II generation and the expression of pro-inflammatory (VCAM-1, MCP-1), pro-thrombotic (tissue factor), pro-fibrotic (TGF-β and collagen-1/3a) and pro-remodelling (MMP-2/9) markers whereas eNOS levels and NO formation were reduced. These effects were prevented by inhibitors of FXa but not thrombin, protease-activated receptors antagonists (PAR-1/2) and inhibitors of NADPH oxidases, ACE, AT1R, SGLT1/SGLT2. FXa also increased expression levels of ACE1, AT1R, SGLT1/2 proteins which were prevented by SGLT1/2 inhibitors. Human RAA showed tissue factor mRNA levels that correlated with markers of endothelial activation, pro-remodelling and pro-fibrotic responses and SGLT1/2 mRNA levels. They also showed protein expression levels of ACE1, AT1R, p22phox, SGLT1/2, and immunofluorescence signals of nitrotyrosine and SGLT1/2 colocalized with those of CD31. FXa increased oxidative stress levels which were prevented by inhibitors of the AT1R/NADPH oxidases/SGLT1/2 pathway. CONCLUSION FXa promotes oxidative stress triggering premature endothelial senescence and dysfunction associated with pro-thrombotic, pro-remodelling and pro-fibrotic responses in AECs and human RAA involving the AT1R/NADPH oxidases/SGLT1/2 pro-oxidant pathway. Targeting this pathway may be of interest to prevent atrial remodelling and the progression of atrial fibrillation substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Fakih
- University of Strasbourg, UR 3074, Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ali Mroueh
- University of Strasbourg, UR 3074, Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Dal-Seong Gong
- University of Strasbourg, UR 3074, Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Shinnosuke Kikuchi
- University of Strasbourg, UR 3074, Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Cardiology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael Paul Pieper
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Global Cardio-Metabolic Diseases, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397 Biberach, Germany
| | - Michel Kindo
- Cardiology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Arnaud Mommerot
- Cardiology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mohamad Kanso
- Cardiology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Ohlmann
- Cardiology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Morel
- University of Strasbourg, UR 3074, Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Cardiology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Schini-Kerth
- University of Strasbourg, UR 3074, Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurence Jesel
- University of Strasbourg, UR 3074, Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Cardiology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Li TL, Zhu NN, Yin Z, Sun J, Guo JP, Yuan HT, Shi XM, Guo HY, Li SX, Shan ZL. Transcriptomic analysis of epicardial adipose tissue reveals the potential crosstalk genes and immune relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation. Gene 2024; 920:148528. [PMID: 38703871 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex relationship between atrial fibrillation (AF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suggests a potential role for epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) that requires further investigation. This study employs bioinformatics and experimental approaches to clarify EAT's role in linking T2DM and AF, aiming to unravel the biological mechanisms involved. METHOD Bioinformatics analysis initially identified common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in EAT from T2DM and AF datasets. Pathway enrichment and network analyses were then performed to determine the biological significance and network connections of these DEGs. Hub genes were identified through six CytoHubba algorithms and subsequently validated biologically, with further in-depth analyses confirming their roles and interactions. Experimentally, db/db mice were utilized to establish a T2DM model. AF induction was executed via programmed transesophageal electrical stimulation and burst pacing, focusing on comparing the incidence and duration of AF. Frozen sections and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining illuminated the structures of the heart and EAT. Moreover, quantitative PCR (qPCR) measured the expression of hub genes. RESULTS The study identified 106 DEGs in EAT from T2DM and AF datasets, underscoring significant pathways in energy metabolism and immune regulation. Three hub genes, CEBPZ, PAK1IP1, and BCCIP, emerged as pivotal in this context. In db/db mice, a marked predisposition towards AF induction and extended duration was observed, with HE staining verifying the presence of EAT. Additionally, qPCR validated significant changes in hub genes expression in db/db mice EAT. In-depth analysis identified 299 miRNAs and 33 TFs as potential regulators, notably GRHL1 and MYC. GeneMANIA analysis highlighted the hub genes' critical roles in stress responses and leukocyte differentiation, while immune profile correlations highlighted their impact on mast cells and neutrophils, emphasizing the genes' significant influence on immune regulation within the context of T2DM and AF. CONCLUSION This investigation reveals the molecular links between T2DM and AF with a focus on EAT. Targeting these pathways, especially EAT-related ones, may enable personalized treatments and improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Lun Li
- Postgraduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Na-Na Zhu
- Postgraduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Yin
- Postgraduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Postgraduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Pin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Tao Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Min Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Xing Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Liang Shan
- Postgraduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Jan N, Bostanudin MF, Moutraji SA, Kremesh S, Kamal Z, Hanif MF. Unleashing the biomimetic targeting potential of platelet-derived nanocarriers on atherosclerosis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 240:113979. [PMID: 38823339 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the primary mechanism underlying the development of many cardiovascular illnesses, continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Platelet (PLT), which are essential for maintaining body homeostasis, have been strongly linked to the onset of atherosclerosis at various stages due to their inherent tendency to bind to atherosclerotic lesions and show an affinity for plaques. Therefore, mimicking PLT's innate adhesive features may be necessary to effectively target plaques. PLT-derived nanocarriers have emerged as a promising biomimetic targeting strategy for treating atherosclerosis due to their numerous advantages. These advantages include excellent biocompatibility, minimal macrophage phagocytosis, prolonged circulation time, targeting capability for impaired vascular sites, and suitability as carriers for anti-atherosclerotic drugs. Herein, we discuss the role of PLT in atherogenesis and propose the design of nanocarriers based on PLT-membrane coating and PLT-derived vesicles. These nanocarriers can target multiple biological elements relevant to plaque development. The review also emphasizes the current challenges and future research directions for the effective utilization of PLT-derived nanocarriers in treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrullah Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Chenab, Gujrat 50700, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Mohammad F Bostanudin
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates; AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sedq A Moutraji
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates; AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sedra Kremesh
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates; AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zul Kamal
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Dir Upper 18000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhan Hanif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan; Bahawalpur College of Pharmacy, BMDC Complex Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
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Velozo Ramírez F, Olhaberry Huber M, Heusser Ferrés MI, Cubillos Montecino MS, González Bravo A, Morgues Nudman M. The effect of the separation of mother-preterm newborn infants hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal depression and stress levels, infant development, and bonding quality on Chilean dyads. Infant Ment Health J 2024; 45:382-396. [PMID: 38838060 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.22118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Early infant development is a maturation process critically depends on the infant's interaction with primary caregivers. Hence, neonatal units prioritize their proximity. In COVID-19, parental visitation hours were limited, reducing caregivers time with their infants. This follow-up study analyzes and compares levels of maternal depression and stress, infant development, and bonding quality in preterm mother-infant dyads hospitalized, before and during the pandemic. Out of 66 dyads participated, 36 were admitted before COVID-19, and 30 during COVID-19. The assessed was two video-call sessions in which mothers completed selected questionnaires. No significant differences between mothers' levels of depression and stress. However, low birth weight was associated with greater difficulties in children's communication and interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, infants hospitalized in COVID-19 had a higher risk of experiencing delayed communication. No significant differences were observed in bonding quality. Lower infant gestational age and longer breastfeeding time were associated with better bonding quality in both groups. Psychosocial intervention is considered a valuable tool, capable of preventing maternal mental health difficulties and protecting bonding in premature infants and in highly complex healthcare settings. Nevertheless, it is essential to more actively address the socio-affective needs of newborns during their hospital stay to promote adequate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Velozo Ramírez
- Complejo Hospitalario San José, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcia Olhaberry Huber
- Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Ignacia Heusser Ferrés
- Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality, Santiago, Chile
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Huang T, Huang X, Cui X, Dong Q. Predictive nomogram models for atrial fibrillation in COPD patients: A comprehensive analysis of risk factors and prognosis. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:171. [PMID: 38476891 PMCID: PMC10928814 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify the independent risk factors and prognostic indicators for atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to develop predictive nomogram models. This retrospective study included a total of 286 patients with COPD who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College between January 2020 and May 2022. The average age of the patients was 77.11±8.67 years. Based on the presence or absence of AF, the patients were divided into two groups: The AF group (n=87) and the non-AF group (n=199). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify variables with significant differences between the two groups. Nomogram models were constructed to predict the occurrence of AF in COPD patients and to assess prognosis. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The follow-up period for the present study extended until April 31, 2023. Survival time was defined as the duration from the date of the interview to the date the participant succumbed or the end of the follow-up period. In the present study, age, uric acid (UA) and left atrial diameter (LAD) were found to be independent risk factors for the development of AF in patients diagnosed with COPD. The stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that age had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.072 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.019-1.128; P=0.007], UA had an OR of 1.004 (95% CI: 1.001-1.008; P=0.010) and LAD had an OR of 1.195 (95% CI: 1.098-1.301; P<0.001). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that LAD and UA were independent prognostic factors for long-term mortality in COPD patients with AF. LAD had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.104 (95% CI: 1.046-1.165; P<0.001) and UA had an HR of 1.004 (95% CI: 1.000-1.008; P=0.042). Based on these findings, predictive nomogram models were developed for AF in COPD patients, which demonstrated good discrimination ability with an area under the curve of 0.886. The prognostic nomogram for COPD patients with AF also showed good predictive accuracy with a concordance index of 0.886 (95% CI: 0.842-0.930). These models can provide valuable information for risk assessment and prognosis evaluation in clinical practice. Age, UA and LAD are independent risk factors for AF in COPD patients. The developed nomogram models provide a reliable tool for predicting AF in COPD patients and for prognosis assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541100, P.R. China
| | - Xingjie Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541100, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Cui
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541004, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guilin Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541000, P.R. China
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Procyk G, Bilicki D, Balsam P, Lodziński P, Grabowski M, Gąsecka A. Extracellular Vesicles in Atrial Fibrillation—State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147591. [PMID: 35886937 PMCID: PMC9325220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are particles released from cells and delimited by a lipid bilayer. They have been widely studied, including extensive investigation in cardiovascular diseases. Many scientists have explored their role in atrial fibrillation. Patients suffering from atrial fibrillation have been evidenced to present altered levels of these particles as well as changed amounts of their contents such as micro-ribonucleic acids (miRs). Although many observations have been made so far, a large randomized clinical trial is needed to assess the previous findings. This review aims to thoroughly summarize current research regarding extracellular vesicles in atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Procyk
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (P.B.); (P.L.); (M.G.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-723-488-305
| | - Dominik Bilicki
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Paweł Balsam
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (P.B.); (P.L.); (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Piotr Lodziński
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (P.B.); (P.L.); (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Marcin Grabowski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (P.B.); (P.L.); (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Gąsecka
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (P.B.); (P.L.); (M.G.); (A.G.)
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Extracellular Vesicles and Thrombogenicity in Atrial Fibrillation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031774. [PMID: 35163695 PMCID: PMC8836440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are defined as a heterogenic group of lipid bilayer vesicular structures with a size in the range of 30–4000 nm that are released by all types of cultured cells. EVs derived from platelets, mononuclears, endothelial cells, and adipose tissue cells significantly increase in several cardiovascular diseases, including in atrial fibrillation (AF). EVs are engaged in cell-to-cell cooperation, endothelium integrity, inflammation, and immune response and are a cargo for several active molecules, such as regulatory peptides, receptors, growth factors, hormones, and lipids. Being transductors of the intercellular communication, EVs regulate angiogenesis, neovascularization, coagulation, and maintain tissue reparation. There is a large amount of evidence regarding the fact that AF is associated with elevated levels of EVs derived from platelets and mononuclears and a decreased number of EVs produced by endothelial cells. Moreover, some invasive procedures that are generally performed for the treatment of AF, i.e., pulmonary vein isolation, were found to be triggers for elevated levels of platelet and mononuclear EVs and, in turn, mediated the transient activation of the coagulation cascade. The review depicts the role of EVs in thrombogenicity in connection with a risk of thromboembolic complications, including ischemic stroke and systemic thromboembolism, in patients with various forms of AF.
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Siwaponanan P, Kaewkumdee P, Phromawan W, Udompunturak S, Chomanee N, Udol K, Pattanapanyasat K, Krittayaphong R. Increased expression of six-large extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs signature for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. J Transl Med 2022; 20:4. [PMID: 34980172 PMCID: PMC8722074 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03213-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia. AF is caused by electrophysiological abnormalities and alteration of atrial tissues, which leads to the generation of abnormal electrical impulses. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles released by all cell types. Large EVs (lEVs) are secreted by the outward budding of the plasma membrane during cell activation or cell stress. lEVs are thought to act as vehicles for miRNAs to modulate cardiovascular function, and to be involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including AF. This study identified lEV-miRNAs that were differentially expressed between AF patients and non-AF controls. Methods lEVs were isolated by differential centrifugation and characterized by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. For the discovery phase, 12 AF patients and 12 non-AF controls were enrolled to determine lEV-miRNA profile using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction array. The candidate miRNAs were confirmed their expression in a validation cohort using droplet digital PCR (30 AF, 30 controls). Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict their target genes and functional pathways. Results TEM, NTA and flow cytometry demonstrated that lEVs presented as cup shape vesicles with a size ranging from 100 to 1000 nm. AF patients had significantly higher levels of lEVs at the size of 101–200 nm than non-AF controls. Western blot analysis was used to confirm EV markers and showed the high level of cardiomyocyte expression (Caveolin-3) in lEVs from AF patients. Nineteen miRNAs were significantly higher (> twofold, p < 0.05) in AF patients compared to non-AF controls. Six highly expressed miRNAs (miR-106b-3p, miR-590-5p, miR-339-3p, miR-378-3p, miR-328-3p, and miR-532-3p) were selected to confirm their expression. Logistic regression analysis showed that increases in the levels of these 6 highly expressed miRNAs associated with AF. The possible functional roles of these lEV-miRNAs may involve in arrhythmogenesis, cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, oxygen hemostasis, and structural remodeling in AF. Conclusion Increased expression of six lEV-miRNAs reflects the pathophysiology of AF that may provide fundamental knowledge to develop the novel biomarkers for diagnosis or monitoring the patients with the high risk of AF. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03213-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panjaree Siwaponanan
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pontawee Kaewkumdee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wilasinee Phromawan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suthipol Udompunturak
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nusara Chomanee
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamol Udol
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kovit Pattanapanyasat
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungroj Krittayaphong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Brezinov OP, Sevilya Z, Yahud E, Rahkovich M, Kogan Y, Marincheva G, Kakzanov Y, Lev E, Laish-Farkash A. Comparison of Immature Platelet Fraction and Factors Associated with Inflammation, Thrombosis and Platelet Reactivity Between Left and Right Atria in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. J Atr Fibrillation 2021; 13:2459. [PMID: 34950336 DOI: 10.4022/jafib.2459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent trials found poor temporal relationship between atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes and strokes. Thus, stroke in AF patients probably involves more mechanisms than cardiac embolism. We compared factors of inflammation, thrombosis and platelet reactivity between left (LA) and right atria (RA) and femoral vein (FV) in patients with AF. Methods Blood samples were collected from patients undergoing AF-ablation from the FV, RA and LA for neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), immature platelet fraction (IPF) and count (IPC), CD40 ligand, P-selectin and E-Selectin. IPF was measured by an autoanalyzer; CD40 ligand, P-selectin, and E-Selectin were measured by ELISA and NLR was calculated from complete blood counts. Results Sixty-seven patients were included (age 65±10y, 63% male, CHA2DS2-VASc score 2.8±1.8, LA volume index 40±24 mL/m2, 63% paroxysmal AF). There was no difference between FV, RA and LA regarding NLR and CD40 ligand. Factors associated with platelets activity: P-selectin, IPC and IPF% were higher in RA vs LA (60.3 IQR 49.0-76.4 ng/ml vs. 59.3 IQR 49.0-74.7, respectively, p=0.03 for P-selectin, 7.5 IQR 5.2-10 103/μL vs. 7.1 IQR 5-9.8, p<0.01 for IPC, and 3.6 IQR 2.7-5.0 % vs. 3.6 IQR 2.6-4.8, p<0.01 for IPF%). Similar trends were for E-selectin (41.2 IQR 31.1-51.2 ng/mL vs. 38.7 IQR 27.9-50.4 p=0.09). Similar significant differences were found in patients with CHA2DS2-VASC≥2 but not in patients with low score. Conclusions Patients with AF, especially those with CHA2DS2-VASc≥2, have higher markers of thrombogenicity in RA compared to LA. There was no difference in inflammatory properties between the atria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Perelshtein Brezinov
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ziv Sevilya
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ella Yahud
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Michael Rahkovich
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yonatan Kogan
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Gergana Marincheva
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yana Kakzanov
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Eli Lev
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Avishag Laish-Farkash
- Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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10
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Lenart-Migdalska A, Drabik L, Kaźnica-Wiatr M, Tomkiewicz-Pająk L, Podolec P, Olszowska M. Flow Cytometric Assessment of Endothelial and Platelet Microparticles in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Treated With Dabigatran. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 26:1076029620972467. [PMID: 33237804 PMCID: PMC7787695 DOI: 10.1177/1076029620972467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prothrombotic state in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is related to
endothelial injury, the activation of platelets and the coagulation cascade. We
evaluated the levels of platelet- (CD42b) and endothelial-derived (CD144)
microparticles in the plasma patients with non-valvular AF treated with
dabigatran at the time of expected minimum and maximum drug plasma
concentrations. Following that, we determined the peak dabigatran plasma
concentration (cpeak ). CD42b increased after taking dabigatran
(median [IQR] 36.7 [29.4-53.3] vs. 45.6 [32.3-59.5] cells/µL; p = 0.025). The
concentration of dabigatran correlated negatively with the post-dabigatran
change in CD42b (ΔCD42b, r = -0.47, p = 0.021). In the multivariate model, the
independent predictors of ΔCD42b were: cpeak (HR -0.55; with a 95%
confidence interval, CI [-0.93, -0.16]; p = 0.007), coronary artery disease
(CAD) (HR -0.41; 95% CI [-0.79, -0.02]; p = 0.037) and peripheral artery disease
(PAD) (HR 0.42; 95% CI [0.07, 0.74]; p = 0.019). CD144 did not increase after
dabigatran administration. These data suggest that low concentrations of
dabigatran may be associated with platelet activation. PAD and CAD have distinct
effects on CD42b levels during dabigatran treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Lenart-Migdalska
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - Leszek Drabik
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Cracow, Poland.,Department of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kaźnica-Wiatr
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - Lidia Tomkiewicz-Pająk
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Podolec
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - Maria Olszowska
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Cracow, Poland
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11
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Xiang K, Akram M, Elbossaty WF, Yang J, Fan C. Exosomes in atrial fibrillation: therapeutic potential and role as clinical biomarkers. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:1211-1221. [PMID: 34251579 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia, is a global epidemic. AF can cause heart failure and myocardial infarction and increase the risk of stroke, disability, and thromboembolic events. AF is becoming increasingly ubiquitous and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality at higher ages, resulting in an increasing threat to human health as well as substantial medical and social costs. Currently, treatment strategies for AF focus on controlling heart rate and rhythm with medications to restore and maintain sinus rhythm, but this approach has limitations. Catheter ablation is not entirely satisfactory and does not address the issues underlying AF. Research exploring the mechanisms causing AF is urgently needed for improved prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of AF. Exosomes are small vesicles (30-150 nm) released by cells that transmit information between cells. MicroRNAs in exosomes play an important role in the pathogenesis of AF and are established as a biomarker for AF. In this review, a summary of the role of exosomes in AF is presented. The role of exosomes and microRNAs in AF occurrence, their therapeutic potential, and their potential role as clinical biomarkers is considered. A better understanding of exosomes has the potential to improve the prognosis of AF patients worldwide, reducing the global medical burden of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Jinfu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China.
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12
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Lenart-Migdalska A, Drabik L, Kaźnica-Wiatr M, Tomkiewicz-Pająk L, Podolec P, Olszowska M. Increased Levels of Platelets and Endothelial-Derived Microparticles in Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation During Rivaroxaban Therapy. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 27:10760296211019465. [PMID: 34032122 PMCID: PMC8155766 DOI: 10.1177/10760296211019465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with the procoagulant
state. Several studies have reported an increase of circulating microparticles
in AF, which may be linked to a hypercoagulable state, atrial thrombosis and
thromboembolism. We evaluated in our study alterations in both platelet (PMP,
CD42b) and endothelial-derived (EMP, CD144) microparticle levels on
anticoagulant therapy with rivaroxaban in nonvalvular AF. After administration
of rivaroxaban, PMP levels were increased (median, [IQR] 35.7 [28.8-47.3] vs.
48.4 [30.9-82.8] cells/µL; P = 0.012), along with an increase
in EMP levels (14.6 [10.0-18.6] vs. 18.3 [12.9-37.1] cells/µL,
P < 0.001). In the multivariable regression analysis,
the independent predictor of post-dose change in PMPs was statin therapy (HR
−0.43; 95% CI −0.75,−0.10, P = 0.011). The post-dose change in
EMPs was also predicted by statin therapy (HR −0.34; 95% CI −0.69, −0.01,
P = 0.046). This study showed an increase in both EMPs and
PMPs at the peak plasma concentration of rivaroxaban. Statins have promising
potential in the prevention of rivaroxaban-related PMP and EMP release. The
pro-thrombotic role of PMPs and EMPs during rivaroxaban therapy requires further
study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Lenart-Migdalska
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Leszek Drabik
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland.,Department of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kaźnica-Wiatr
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lidia Tomkiewicz-Pająk
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Podolec
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Olszowska
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
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13
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Abstract
Objective: We aimed to find crucial microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the development of atrial fibrillation (AF), and then try to elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms of miRNAs in AF. Methods: The miRNA microarray, GSE68475, which included 10 right atrial appendage samples from patients with persistent AF and 11 samples from patients with normal sinus rhythm, was used for the analysis. After data preprocessing, differentially expressed miRNAs were screened using limma. Target genes of miRNAs were predicted using miRWalk2.0. We then conducted functional enrichment analyses for miRNA and target genes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and module analyses for target genes were performed. Finally, transcription factors (TFs)-target genes regulatory network was predicted and constructed. Results: Seven genes, including CAMK2D, IGF2R, PPP2R2A, PAX6, POU3F2, YWHAE, and AP2A2, were targeted by TFs. Among these seven genes, CAMK2D (targeted by miR-31-5p), IGF2R (targeted by miR-204-5p), PAX6 (targeted by miR-223-3p), POU3F2 (targeted by miR-204-5p), YWHAE (targeted by miR-31-5p), and AP2A2 (targeted by miR-204-5p) belonged to the top 10 degree genes in the PPI network. Notably, MiR-204-5p, miR-31-5p, and miR-223-3p had more target genes. Besides, CAMK2D was enriched in some pathways, such as adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes pathway and cAMP signaling pathway. YWHAE was enriched in the Hippo signaling pathway. Conclusion: miR-31-5p played a crucial role in cardiomyocytes by targeting CAMK2D and YWHAE via cAMP and Hippo signaling pathways. miR-204 was involved in the progression of AF by regulating its target genes IGF2R, POU3F2, and AP2A2. On the other hand, miR-223-3p functioned in AF by targeting PAX6, which was associated with the regulation of apoptosis in AF. This study would provide a theoretical basis and potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of AF.
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14
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Extracellular vesicles in atrial fibrillation and stroke. Thromb Res 2020; 193:180-189. [PMID: 32717643 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a 5-fold increased risk of thromboembolic stroke. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) convey pathophysiological information and are possible biomarkers for risk of stroke. METHODS EVs were measured in 836 patients with AF (of which 280 were stroke cases) selected from the ARISTOTLE trial and in a cohort of unselected 70 year old individuals (n = 1007, reference material). EVs from platelets, leukocytes, erythrocytes and inflammatory endothelial cells were measured using flow cytometry and a solid-phase proximity ligation assay. RESULTS Concentrations of EVs were higher in the ARISTOTLE patients than in the PIVUS cohort for all the EV groups except EVs from endothelial cells (p < 0.0001). The distributions of the concentrations of the EVs were similar among the control group and the stroke cases for all of the sources of EVs in the ARISTOTLE study. EVs were modestly correlated with the levels of NT-ProBNP, Cystatin C, GDF-15 and D-dimer. Stronger correlations were found for platelet EVs as well as phosphatidyl serine positive EVs that were correlated with CD40 ligand in the ARISTOTLE study. Leukocyte EVs were correlated with IL-6 in both the ARISTOTLE and the PIVUS study, implicating them in different physiological processes. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of EVs were found in anticoagulated patients with AF and a higher risk of stroke than in a general population of similar age, possibly due to the high disease burden in AF patients. Our data with EVs representing a broad repertoire of activated blood cells in AF patients suggest that EVs are likely not a key mediator of occurrence of stroke in this population.
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15
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Wang H, Song NP, Li JP, Wang ZH, Ti Y, Li YH, Zhang W, Zhong M. The microvesicle/CD36 complex triggers a prothrombotic phenotype in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7331-7340. [PMID: 32510852 PMCID: PMC7339157 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms responsible for platelet activation, the prothrombotic state, in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) are still obscure. Microvesicles (MVs) can transfer various messages to target cells and may be helpful for exploring the detailed mechanisms. We aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms by which proatherogenic factors of NVAF contribute to platelet activation. Two hundred and ten patients with NVAF were stratified as being at 'low to moderate risk' or 'high risk' for stroke according to the CHADS2 score. Levels of platelet-derived MVs (PMVs) and platelet activation were examined. CD36-positive or CD36-deficient human platelets were stimulated by MVs isolated from NVAF patients with or without various inhibitors in vitro. Levels of PMVs and platelet activation markers enhanced significantly in high-risk patients. The MVs isolated from plasma of NVAF patients bound to platelet CD36 and activated platelets by phosphorylating the mitogen-activated protein kinase 4/Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (MKK4/JNK2) pathways. However, CD36 deficiency protected against MV-induced activation of platelets. We reveal a possible mechanism of platelet activation in NVAF and suggest that the platelet CD36 might be an effective target in preventing the prothrombotic state in NVAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nian-Peng Song
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian-Ping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Ti
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi-Hui Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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16
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Yang L, Zang G, Li J, Li X, Li Y, Zhao Y. Cell-derived biomimetic nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery system for atherosclerosis: predecessors and perspectives. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:349-358. [PMID: 32793380 PMCID: PMC7414994 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a key mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the field of precision medicine for the treatment of atherosclerosis, nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery systems have great potential, owing to their ability to release treatment locally. Cell-derived biomimetic NPs have attracted extensive attention at present due to their excellent targeting to atherosclerotic inflammatory sites, low immunogenicity and long blood circulation time. Here, we review the utility of cell-derived biomimetic NPs, including whole cells, cell membranes and extracellular vesicles, in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuanzhu Li
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yinping Zhao
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Correspondence address. Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. Tel: +86 18883256765; E-mail:
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17
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Amabile N, Bagdadi I, Armero S, Elhadad S, Sebag F, Landolff Q, Saby L, Mechulan A, Boulanger CM, Caussin C. Impact of left atrial appendage closure on circulating microvesicles levels: The MICROPLUG study. Int J Cardiol 2020; 307:24-30. [PMID: 31668659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has emerged as a valid alternative to oral anticoagulation therapy for the prevention of systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Microvesicles (MVs) are shed-membrane particles generated during various cellular types activation/apoptosis that carry out diverse biological effects. LAA has been suspected to be a potential source of MVs during AF, but the effects its occlusion on circulating MVs levels are unknown. METHODS N = 25 LAAO and n = 25 control patients who underwent coronary angiography were included. Blood samples were drawn before and 48 h after procedure for all. A third sample was collected 6 weeks after procedure in LAAO patients. In N = 10 extra patients, samples were collected from right atrium, LAA and pulmonary vein during LAAO procedure. Circulating AnnV + procoagulant, endothelial, platelets, red blood cells/RBC and leukocytes derived-MVs were measured using flow cytometry methods. RESULTS In the LAAO group, AnnV+, platelets, RBC, and leukocytes MVs were significantly increased following intervention, whereas only AnnV + MVs levels significantly rose in controls. The 6-w analysis showed that RBC-MVs and AnnV + MVs levels were still significantly elevated compared to baseline values in LAAO patients. The in-site analysis revealed that leukocytes and CD62e + endothelial-MVs were significantly higher in left atrial appendage compared to pulmonary vein, suggesting a local increased production. No major adverse event was observed in any patient post procedural course. CONCLUSIONS LAAO impacts circulating MVs and might create mild pro-coagulant status and potential erythrocytes activation due to the device healing during the first weeks following intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Amabile
- Department of Cardiology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France.
| | - Imane Bagdadi
- Department of Cardiology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | | | - Simon Elhadad
- Department of Cardiology, CH Marne La Vallée, Jossigny, France
| | - Frederic Sebag
- Department of Cardiology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Landolff
- Department of Cardiology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Ludivine Saby
- Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Européen, Marseille, France
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18
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Nik Mohamed Kamal NNSB, Shahidan WNS. Non-Exosomal and Exosomal Circulatory MicroRNAs: Which Are More Valid as Biomarkers? Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1500. [PMID: 32038230 PMCID: PMC6984169 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs with approximately 19–25 nucleotides that are involved in regulating a range of developmental and physiological processes. Non-exosomal circulating and exosomal miRNAs have also been proposed to be useful in diagnostics as biomarkers for diseases and different types of cancer. In this review, the quantity of miRNAs and of reliable experimental data analyses of miRNAs that come from exosomal and non-exosomal sources are discussed from the perspective of their use as biomarkers for cancer and other diseases, including viral infections, nervous system disorders, cardiovascular disorders, and diabetes. We summarize other research findings regarding the use of miRNA from these two sources as biomarkers in diagnostics and clinical use. The challenges in using miRNA from these two sources in cancer and disease diagnostics are evaluated and discussed. Validation of specific miRNA signatures as biomarkers is a critical milestone in diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wan Nazatul Shima Shahidan
- Craniofacial Science Laboratory, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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19
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Wang K, Liu Y, Huang S, Li H, Hou J, Huang J, Chen J, Feng K, Liang M, Chen G, Wu Z. Does an imbalance in circulating vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) cause atrial fibrillation in patients with valvular heart disease? J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:5509-5516. [PMID: 32030270 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.11.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) can stimulate fibrosis within the atrium and ventricle. We hypothesized that there is a relationship between the serum VEGFs/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (sVEGFRs) levels and AF in patients with valvular heart disease (VHD). This provides a new paradigm for studying AF. Methods The plasma levels of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 100 people, consisting of AF patients (long-standing, persistent AF; n=49), sinus rhythm (SR) patients (n=31) and healthy controls (n=20), were included in this study. Results The plasma levels of VEGF-A were significantly higher in AF patients compared to healthy control (P<0.05). The plasma levels of sVEGFR-1 were significantly higher in AF compared to SR (P<0.05). The plasma levels of sVEGFR-2 were significantly lower in AF patients compared to SR patients and healthy controls (both P<0.05). There was a significant and negative correlation between AF and the sVEGFR-2 levels in the groups (r=-0.432, P=0.000). Conclusions An imbalance in VEGFs and sVEGFRs may contribute to AF by breaking the balance of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Additionally, sVEGFR-2 may be an important biomarker of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Medicine University, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Suiqing Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huayang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiantao Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kangni Feng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengya Liang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guangxian Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhongkai Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Hasan H, Park SH, Auger C, Belcastro E, Matsushita K, Marchandot B, Lee HH, Qureshi AW, Kauffenstein G, Ohlmann P, Schini-Kerth VB, Jesel L, Morel O. Thrombin Induces Angiotensin II-Mediated Senescence in Atrial Endothelial Cells: Impact on Pro-Remodeling Patterns. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101570. [PMID: 31581517 PMCID: PMC6833093 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides its well-known functions in hemostasis, thrombin plays a role in various non-hemostatic biological and pathophysiologic processes. We examined the potential of thrombin to promote premature atrial endothelial cells (ECs) senescence. METHODS AND RESULTS Primary ECs were isolated from porcine atrial tissue. Endothelial senescence was assessed by measuring beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity using flow cytometry, oxidative stress using the redox-sensitive probe dihydroethidium, protein level by Western blot, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity using zymography. Atrial endothelial senescence was induced by thrombin at clinically relevant concentrations. Thrombin induced the up-regulation of p53, a key regulator in cellular senescence and of p21 and p16, two cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH oxidase, cyclooxygenases and the mitochondrial respiration complex contributed to oxidative stress and senescence. Enhanced expression levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, tissue factor, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and MMP-2 and 9 characterized the senescence-associated secretory phenotype of atrial ECs. In addition, the pro-senescence endothelial response to thrombin was associated with an overexpression of both angiotensin converting enzyme and AT1 receptors and was inhibited by perindoprilat and losartan. CONCLUSIONS Thrombin promotes premature ageing and senescence of atrial ECs and may pave the way to deleterious remodeling of atrial tissue by a local up-regulation of the angiotensin system and by promoting pro-inflammatory, pro-thrombotic, pro-fibrotic and pro-remodeling responses. Hence, targeting thrombin and/or angiotensin systems may efficiently prevent atrial endothelial senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Hasan
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sin-Hee Park
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France
| | - Cyril Auger
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France
| | - Eugenia Belcastro
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France
| | - Kensuke Matsushita
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France
| | - Benjamin Marchandot
- Pôle d'Activité Médico-Chirurgicale Cardio-Vasculaire, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, BP 426-67091 France
| | - Hyun-Ho Lee
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France
| | - Abdul Wahid Qureshi
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France
| | - Gilles Kauffenstein
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Patrick Ohlmann
- Pôle d'Activité Médico-Chirurgicale Cardio-Vasculaire, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, BP 426-67091 France
| | - Valérie B Schini-Kerth
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurence Jesel
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle d'Activité Médico-Chirurgicale Cardio-Vasculaire, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, BP 426-67091 France
| | - Olivier Morel
- INSERM UMR1260 Regenerative NanoMedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 60024 FR-67401 Strasbourg, France.
- Pôle d'Activité Médico-Chirurgicale Cardio-Vasculaire, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, BP 426-67091 France.
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Morphological determinators of platelet activation status in patients with atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2019; 279:90-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Siwaponanan P, Keawvichit R, Udompunturak S, Hunnangkul S, Reesukumal K, Sukapirom K, Pattanapanyasat K, Krittayaphong R. Altered profile of circulating microparticles in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Clin Cardiol 2019; 42:425-431. [PMID: 30680757 PMCID: PMC6712324 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, and it is associated with the prothrombotic state. Circulating microparticles (cMPs) are membrane vesicles that are shed from many cell types in response to cell activation and cell apoptosis. Several studies reported that cMPs may play a role in the hypercoagulable state that can be observed in patients with AF. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of total cMPs and characterize their cellular origins in AF patients. Methods Atotal of 66 AF patients and 33 healthy controls were enrolled. This study investigated total cMP levels and their cellular origin in AF patients using polychromatic flow cytometry. Results AF patients had significantly higher levels of total cMPs (median 36.38, interquartile range [IQR] 21.16‐68.50 × 105 counts/mL vs median 15.21, IQR 9.91‐30.86 × 105 counts/mL; P = 0.004), platelet‐derived MPs (PMPs) (median 10.61, IQR 6.55‐18.04 × 105 counts/mL vs median 7.83, IQR 4.44‐10.26 × 10/mL; P = 0.009), and endothelial‐derived MPs (EMPs CD31+ CD41−) (median 2.94, IQR 1.78‐0.60 × 105 counts/mL vs median 1.16, IQR 0.71‐2.30 × 105 counts/mL; P = 0.001) than healthy controls after adjusting for potential confounders. Phosphatidylserine positive MP (PS + MP) levels were similar compared between AF patients and healthy controls. Conclusion The results of this study revealed a marked increase in total cMP levels, and evidence of elevated endothelial damage and platelet activation, as demonstrated by increased PMP and EMP levels, in AF patients. Additional study is needed to further elucidate the role of cMPs (PMPs and EMPs) in the pathophysiology of and the complications associated with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panjaree Siwaponanan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rassamon Keawvichit
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suthipol Udompunturak
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saowalak Hunnangkul
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanit Reesukumal
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kasama Sukapirom
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kovit Pattanapanyasat
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungroj Krittayaphong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Khalyfa A, Gozal D. Connexins and Atrial Fibrillation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2018; 4:300-311. [PMID: 31106116 PMCID: PMC6516763 DOI: 10.1007/s40675-018-0130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW To summarize the potential interactions between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), atrial fibrillation (AF), and connexins. RECENT FINDINGS OSA is highly prevalent in patients with cardiovascular disease, and is associated with increased risk for end-organ substantial morbidities linked to autonomic nervous system imbalance, increased oxidative stress and inflammation, ultimately leading to reduced life expectancy. Epidemiological studies indicate that OSA is associated with increased incidence and progression of coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, as well as arrhythmias, particularly AF. Conversely, AF is very common among subjects referred for suspected OSA, and the prevalence of AF increases with OSA severity. The interrelationships between AF and OSA along with the well-known epidemiological links between these two conditions and obesity may reflect shared pathophysiological pathways, which may depend on the intercellular diffusion of signaling molecules into either the extracellular space or require cell-to-cell contact. Connexin signaling is accomplished via direct exchanges of cytosolic molecules between adjacent cells at gap membrane junctions for cell-to-cell coupling. The role of connexins in AF is now quite well established, but the impact of OSA on cardiac connexins has only recently begun to be investigated. Understanding the biology and regulatory mechanisms of connexins in OSA at the transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels will undoubtedly require major efforts to decipher the breadth and complexity of connexin functions in OSA-induced AF. SUMMARY The risk of end-organ morbidities has initiated the search for circulating mechanistic biomarker signatures and the implementation of biomarker-based algorithms for precision-based diagnosis and risk assessment. Here we summarize recent findings in OSA as they relate to AF risk, and also review potential mechanisms linking OSA, AF and connexins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Pediatrics, Biological Sciences Division, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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24
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Phosphatidylserine-exposing blood cells and microparticles induce procoagulant activity in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2018; 258:138-143. [PMID: 29544920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The definitive role of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the prothrombotic state of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) remains unclear. Our objectives were to study the PS exposure on blood cells and microparticles (MPs) in NVAF, and evaluate their procoagulant activity (PCA). METHODS NVAF patients without (n = 60) and with left atrial thrombi (n = 18) and controls (n = 36) were included in our study. Exposed PS was analyzed with flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. PCA was evaluated using clotting time, factor Xa (FXa), thrombin and fibrin formation. RESULTS PS+ blood cells and MPs were significantly higher in NVAF patients without and with left atrial thrombi (both P < 0.01) than in controls. Patients with left atrial thrombi showed increased PS+ platelets, neutrophils, erythrocytes and MPs compared with patients without thrombi (all P < 0.05). Moreover, in patients with left atrial thrombi, MPs primarily originated from platelets (56.1%) followed by leukocytes (21.9%, including MPs from neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes), erythrocytes (12.2%) and endothelial cells (8.9%). Additionally, PS+ blood cells and MPs contributed to markedly shortened coagulation time and dramatically increased FXa/thrombin/fibrin (all P < 0.001) generation in both NVAF groups. Furthermore, blockade of exposed PS on blood cells and MPs with lactadherin inhibited PCA by approximately 80%. Lastly, we found that the amount of PS+ platelets and MPs was positively correlated with thrombus diameter (all p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that exposed PS on blood cells and MPs play a procoagulant role in NVAF patients. Blockade of PS prior to thrombus formation might be a novel therapeutic approach in these patients.
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25
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PS. It was me all along! Emergence of phosphatidylserine in the procoagulant state in atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2018; 258:161-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Maraveyas A, ElKeeb A, Collier M, Ettelaie C. Accumulation of tissue factor in endothelial cells induces cell apoptosis, mediated through p38 and p53 activation. Thromb Haemost 2017; 114:364-78. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-09-0795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
SummaryWe previously reported that high levels of tissue factor (TF) can induce cellular apoptosis in endothelial cells. In this study, TF-mediated mechanisms of induction of apoptosis were explored. Endothelial cells were transfected to express wild-type TF. Additionally, cells were transfected to express Asp253-substituted, or Ala253-substitued TF to enhance or prevent TF release, respectively. Alternatively, cells were pre-incubated with TF-rich and TF-poor microvesicles. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and the expression of cyclin D1, p53, bax and p21 were measured following activation of cells with PAR2-agonist peptide. Greatest levels of cell proliferation and cyclin D1 expression were observed in cells expressing wild-type or Asp253-substituted TF. In contrast, increased cellular apoptosis was observed in cells expressing Ala253-substituted TF, or cells pre-incubated with TF-rich microvesicles. The level of p53 protein, p53-phosphorylation at ser33, p53 nuclear localisation and transcriptional activity, but not p53 mRNA, were increased in cells expressing wild-type and Ala253-substituted TF, or in cells pre-incubated with TF-rich microvesicles. However, the expression of bax and p21 mRNA, and Bax protein were only increased in cells pre-incubated with TF-rich microvesicle and in cells expressing Ala253-substituted TF. Inhibition of the transcriptional activity of p53 using pifithrin-α suppressed the expression of Bax. Finally, siRNA- mediated suppression of p38α, or inhibition using SB202190 significantly reduced the p53 protein levels, p53 nuclear localisation and transcriptional activity, suppressed Bax expression and prevented cellular apoptosis. In conclusion, accumulation of TF within endothelial cells, or sequestered from the surrounding can induce cellular apoptosis through mechanisms mediated by p38, and involves the stabilisation of p53.
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27
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Meng H, Kou J, Ma R, Ding W, Kou Y, Cao M, Dong Z, Bi Y, Thatte HS, Shi J. Prognostic implications and procoagulant activity of phosphatidylserine exposure of blood cells and microparticles in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with pulmonary vein isolation. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8579-8588. [PMID: 29039531 PMCID: PMC5779910 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the procoagulant effects of phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on blood cells and microparticles (MPs), and examine its role in predicting early recurrence atrial fibrillation (ERAF) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Blood samples were obtained from 40 healthy controls and 56 patients with AF at baseline (prior to PVI), and 0, 1 h, 1 day, 3 days and 7 days following PVI. The exposure of PS (PS+) to blood cells (platelets, erythrocytes and leukocytes) and MPs was detected using flow cytometry. The procoagulant activity was evaluated by coagulation time, and the formation of factor Xa (FXa) and thrombin. In addition, independent factors associated with PS+ blood cells and MPs, and significant predictors of ERAF following PVI were investigated by statistical analyses. The numbers of PS+ blood cells and MPs were significantly increased by PVI (P<0.01). A significant decrease in coagulation time, and increases in FXa and thrombin were exhibited in the PS+ blood cells and MPs from patients with AF treated with PVI, whereas these alterations were inhibited by either lactadherin or anti-tissue factor (P<0.01). The maximum power of the PVI was significantly associated with platelet-derived MPs, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was closely associated with leukocyte-derived MPs and endothelial-derived MPs (EMPs) (P<0.01). In addition, hs-CRP and EMPs >355/µl were identified as independent predictors of ERAF (P<0.05). The increased numbers of PS+ platelets, erythrocytes, leukocytes and MPs contributed to the procoagulant state of AF, and hs-CRP and EMPs were able to predict ERAF following PVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Kou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ruishuang Ma
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Kou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Muhua Cao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zengxiang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yayan Bi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hemant S Thatte
- Department of Surgery, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jialan Shi
- Department of Surgery, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wang Y, Wei S, Wang YL, Liu M, Shang M, Zhang Q, Wu YN, Liu ML, Song JQ, Liu YX. Protective effects of circulating microvesicles derived from myocardial ischemic rats on apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:54572-54582. [PMID: 28903365 PMCID: PMC5589604 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of circulating microvesicles derived from myocardial ischemia (I-MVs) on apoptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods I-MVs from rats undergoing myocardial left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation were isolated by ultracentrifugation from circulating blood and characterized by flow cytometry. I-MVs were administered intravenously (4.8 mg/kg) at 5 min before reperfusion procedure in I/R injury model which was induced by 30-min of ischemia and 120-min of reperfusion of LAD in rats. Results Treatment with I-MVssignificantly reduced the size of myocardial infarction, the activities of serum CK-MB and LDH, and the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes. The activities of caspase 3, caspase 9 and caspase 12 in myocardium were also decreased significantly with I-MVs treatment. Moreover, the expression of Bax was decreased but Bcl-2 was increased. The expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2 (SERCA2) and phosphorylated phospholamban (p-PLB) were increased after being treated with I-MVs. Conclusion I-MVs could protect hearts from I/R injury in rats through SERCA2 and p-PLB of calcium regulatory proteins to alleviate intrinsic myocardial apoptosis including mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Su Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi-Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Man Shang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yan-Na Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ming-Lin Liu
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA.,Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jun-Qiu Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yan-Xia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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29
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Lau YC, Xiong Q, Blann AD, Lip GYH. Relationship between renal function and circulating microparticles, soluble P-selectin and E-selectin levels in atrial fibrillation. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2017; 43:18-23. [PMID: 27671694 PMCID: PMC5233739 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-016-1427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease are closely related, and any associated risk of stroke and thromboembolism due to AF is increased by concurrent renal dysfunction. The mechanism(s) for this include abnormalities in platelets and endothelial cells. We hypothesized relationships between levels of circulating platelet microparticles (PMPs, defined by CD42b), soluble P selectin (both reflecting platelet activation), soluble E-selectin (reflecting endothelial activation) and endothelial/platelet microparticles (EPMPs, defined by CD31) with progressive renal dysfunction. Blood samples were obtained from 160 anticoagulated AF patients. Microparticles were measured by flow cytometry, soluble E and P selectin levels by ELISA. Renal function was determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). EPMP levels demonstrated a linear increased trend across quartiles of eGFR (p = 0.034) and CKD stage (p < 0.001), and correlated with eGFR and serum creatinine (p < 0.01). PMPs, P-selectin and E-selectin levels were not significantly different across groupings of renal dysfunction, and no significant correlations with eGFR were evident (p = 0.186, p = 0.561, p = 0.746 respectively). Stepwise multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that worsening renal function was an independent predictor of EPMP levels (p < 0.001). In well-anticoagulated AF patients, there is potential relationship between endothelial function (as judged by elevated EPMP levels, with no change in PMPs) and renal function. Other markers of prothombotic state or cellular activation (PMP, P-selectin and E-selectin levels) were not significantly different across the various degree of renal dysfunction. Renal function must be addressed when measuring EPMP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Cheng Lau
- University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Science, City Hospital, Dudley Road, Birmingham, UK
| | - Qinmei Xiong
- University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Science, City Hospital, Dudley Road, Birmingham, UK.,Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Andrew D Blann
- University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Science, City Hospital, Dudley Road, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Science, City Hospital, Dudley Road, Birmingham, UK.
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Bei Y, Yu P, Cretoiu D, Cretoiu SM, Xiao J. Exosomes-Based Biomarkers for the Prognosis of Cardiovascular Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 998:71-88. [PMID: 28936733 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4397-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a high prevalence and annually increasing incidence with high mortality and morbidity. Identification of biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for assessing the prognosis of CVDs is necessary for optimizing personalized treatment and reducing mortality. Exosomes have been proved to be accessible in nearly all body fluids and they can reflect disease stage or progression. Here we summarized exosomes-based biomarkers for the prognosis of coronary artery diseases, heart failure, stroke, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart diseases and pulmonary arterial hypertension. If exosome-based biomarkers can achieve additionally benefits as compared to the present prognostic biomarkers remains to be determined and multicenter studies with large cohorts of patients are highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Bei
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 333 Nan Chen Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Pujiao Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Dragos Cretoiu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania.,Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, 050474, Romania
| | - Sanda Maria Cretoiu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania.,Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, 050474, Romania
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 333 Nan Chen Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Thulin Å, Christersson C, Alfredsson J, Siegbahn A. Circulating cell-derived microparticles as biomarkers in cardiovascular disease. Biomark Med 2016; 10:1009-22. [PMID: 27586235 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a common cause of death, and a search for biomarkers for risk stratification is warranted. Elevated levels of cell-derived microparticles (MPs) are found in patients with CVD and in groups with risk factors for CVD. Subpopulations of MPs are promising biomarkers for improving risk prediction, as well as monitoring treatment. However, the field has been hampered by technical difficulties, and the ongoing development of sensitive standardized techniques is crucial for implementing MP analyses in the clinic. Large prospective studies are required to establish which MPs are of prognostic value in different patient groups. In this review, we discuss methodological challenges and progress in the field, as well as MP populations that are of interest for further clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Thulin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | | | - Jenny Alfredsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Agneta Siegbahn
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
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Durante A, Zalewski J. Microparticles: A Novel Player in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiology 2016; 132:249-51. [PMID: 26329533 DOI: 10.1159/000437045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Liles J, Liles J, Wanderling C, Syed M, Hoppensteadt D, Fareed J. Increased Level of Thrombotic Biomarkers in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Despite Traditional and New Anticoagulant Therapy. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2016; 22:743-748. [PMID: 27170781 DOI: 10.1177/1076029616648407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the traditional oral anticoagulant, warfarin (W), and new anticoagulants, apixaban (A) and rivaroxaban (R), on the level of thrombotic biomarkers in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Circulating plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), prothrombin fragment 1.2 (F1.2), microparticle tissue factor (MP-TF), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) were analyzed as potential markers of clot formation in 30 patients with AF prior to ablation surgery. Patients with AF were divided into 2 groups based on their usage (n = 21) and nonusage (n = 9) of any oral anticoagulant. Furthermore, those on anticoagulants were divided based on their use of newer (R and A, 16) or traditional (W, 4) anticoagulants. A statistical increase (P < .05) in the levels of vWF, MP-TF, and PAI-1 were seen in anticoagulated patients with AF, whereas F1.2 and PAI-1 were increased in nonanticoagulated patients with AF compared to normal. There was no statistical difference (P > .05) in levels of any thrombotic biomarker between patients treated with the traditional anticoagulant, W, and those treated with new anticoagulants, R and A. Our data suggest that, despite the use of traditional or newer anticoagulants, prothrombotic biomarkers are still generated at increased levels in patients with AF. Further studies to confirm these findings are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Liles
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jordan Liles
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | | - Mushabbar Syed
- Department of Cardiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Debra Hoppensteadt
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
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Diao SL, Xu HP, Zhang B, Ma BX, Liu XL. Associations of MMP-2, BAX, and Bcl-2 mRNA and Protein Expressions with Development of Atrial Fibrillation. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1497-507. [PMID: 27141955 PMCID: PMC4915330 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To examine changes of mRNA and protein expressions of MMP-2, Bcl-2, and BAX in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, and investigate the correlations among these 3 biomarkers. Material/Methods Rheumatic heart disease patients (n=158) undergoing cardiac surgical procedures for mitral valve repair or replacement were included as the AF group (n=123), containing paroxysmal AF (n=42), persistent AF (n=36), and permanent AF (n=45). Rheumatic heart disease patients with sinus rhythm (SR) (n=35) were enrolled as the SR group (control group). Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were applied to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of MMP-2, Bcl-2, and BAX. Apoptosis was observed with light and electron microscopes and detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). Results Compared with the SR group, the left atrial diameters (LADs), protein and mRNA expression levels of MMP-2 and BAX, apoptotic index (AI), and Bcl-2/BAX ratio were evidently increased in the 3 AF groups, but protein and mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 decreased in the AF groups (all P<0.05). Correlation analysis found that MMP-2 protein expression levels was positively correlated with BAX expression, but negatively correlated with Bcl-2 expression levels. Conclusions Our study results suggest that elevated MMP-2 expression and disturbance balance of Bcl-2/BAX expressions may be associated with the development and maintenance of AF. MMP-2 may be involved in the development of AF through promoting BAX expressions and inhibiting Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ling Diao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Hui-Pu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Bao-Xin Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xian-Liang Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Berezin A, Zulli A, Kerrigan S, Petrovic D, Kruzliak P. Predictive role of circulating endothelial-derived microparticles in cardiovascular diseases. Clin Biochem 2015; 48:562-8. [PMID: 25697107 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial-derived microparticles (EMPs) are a novel biological marker of endothelium injury and vasomotion disorders that are involved in pathogenesis of cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases. Circulating levels of EMPs are thought to reflect a balance between cell stimulation, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell death. Increased EMPs may be defined in several cardiovascular diseases, such as stable and unstable coronary artery disease, acute and chronic heart failure, hypertension, arrhythmias, thromboembolism, asymptomatic atherosclerosis as well as renal failure, metabolic disorders (including type two diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance) and dyslipidemia. This review highlights the controversial opinions regarding impact of circulating EMPs in major cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and summarizes the perspective implementation of the EMPs in risk stratification models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, St Albans, Australia
| | - Steve Kerrigan
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel Petrovic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, Calkins H, Cigarroa JE, Cleveland JC, Conti JB, Ellinor PT, Ezekowitz MD, Field ME, Murray KT, Sacco RL, Stevenson WG, Tchou PJ, Tracy CM, Yancy CW. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 2014; 130:e199-267. [PMID: 24682347 PMCID: PMC4676081 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 919] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Berezin AE, Kremzer AA, Samura TA, Martovitskaya YV. Circulating endothelial-derived apoptotic microparticles in the patients with ischemic symptomatic chronic heart failure: relevance of pro-inflammatory activation and outcomes. Int Cardiovasc Res J 2014; 8:116-23. [PMID: 25177675 PMCID: PMC4109036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial-derived apoptotic microparticles (EMPs) play a pivotal role in endothelial dysfunction in hronic Heart Failure (CHF). OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate the association between EMPs and pro-inflammatory biomarkers, clinical status, and outcomes in the patients with ischemic CHF. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was conducted on 154 patients with ischemic symptomatic moderate-to-severe CHF on discharge from hospital. The observation period was up to 3 years. Circulating NT-pro-BNP, TNF-alpha, sFas, and sFas ligand were determined at baseline. Flow cytometry analysis was used for quantifying the number of EMPs. All-cause mortality, CHF-related death, and CHD-re-hospitalization rate were examined. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Receive Operation Characteristic Curve (ROC), and logistic regression analysis. Besides, P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 2.18 years, 21 participants died and 106 subjects were hospitalized repetitively. The results showed a significant difference between the patients with a large number of EMPs (> 0.514 n/mL) and those with a low level of the biomarker (< 0.514 n/mL) regarding their survival. The number of circulating EPMs independently predicted all-cause mortality (OR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.20 - 1.88; P = 0.001), CHF-related death (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.12 - 1.36; P < 0.001), and CHF-related re-hospitalization (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.11 - 1.32; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Among the patients with symptoms of CHF, increased number of circulating EMPs was associated with increased 3-year CHF-related death, all-cause mortality, and risk of recurrent hospitalization due to CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E. Berezin
- State Medical University, Internal Medicine Department, Zaporozhye, Ukraine,Corresponding author: Alexander E. Berezin, Cardiology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University, 26, Mayakovsky Av., Zaporozhye, Postcode 69035, Ukraine. Tel/Fax: +38-0612729607, E-mail:
| | | | - Tatayna A. Samura
- State Medical University, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
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2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64:e1-76. [PMID: 24685669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2870] [Impact Index Per Article: 287.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Berezin AE, Kremzer AA, Martovitskaya YV. Apoptotic Microparticles as Predicted Biomarkers in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure — Relevance to Inflammatory Cytokines and Outcomes. J Circ Biomark 2014; 3:9. [DOI: 10.5772/60062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Berezin
- Cardiology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
| | - Alexander A Kremzer
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, State Medical University, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
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JESEL LAURENCE, ARENTZ THOMAS, HERRERA-SIKLODY CLAUDIA, TRENK DIETMAR, ZOBAIRI FATIHA, ABBAS MALAK, WEBER REINHOLD, MINNERS JAN, TOTI FLORENCE, MOREL OLIVIER. Do Atrial Differences in Endothelial Damage, Leukocyte and Platelet Activation, or Tissue Factor Activity Contribute to Chamber-Specific Thrombogenic Status in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2013; 25:266-70. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- LAURENCE JESEL
- University of Strasbourg; EA7293 Stress vasculaire et tissulaire Strasbourg France
| | - THOMAS ARENTZ
- Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen; Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie II; Bad Krozingen Germany
| | - CLAUDIA HERRERA-SIKLODY
- Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen; Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie II; Bad Krozingen Germany
| | - DIETMAR TRENK
- Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen; Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie II; Bad Krozingen Germany
| | - FATIHA ZOBAIRI
- University of Strasbourg; EA7293 Stress vasculaire et tissulaire Strasbourg France
| | - MALAK ABBAS
- University of Strasbourg; EA7293 Stress vasculaire et tissulaire Strasbourg France
- Faculty of Sciences; Lebanon University; Hadath Lebanon
| | - REINHOLD WEBER
- Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen; Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie II; Bad Krozingen Germany
| | - JAN MINNERS
- Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen; Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie II; Bad Krozingen Germany
| | - FLORENCE TOTI
- University of Strasbourg; EA7293 Stress vasculaire et tissulaire Strasbourg France
| | - OLIVIER MOREL
- University of Strasbourg; EA7293 Stress vasculaire et tissulaire Strasbourg France
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