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Al-Shahed FAZN, Shoeb HH, El-Shawwa MM. Effect of isotretinoin (Netlook) on the testis of adult male albino rats and the role of omega 3 supplementation: A histological and biochemical study. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5213-5221. [PMID: 36098243 PMCID: PMC9575098 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Isotretinoin is an oral retinoid which used across the world in the treatment of patients especially adolescents complaining of acne. In spite of the prevalent clinical use of isotretinoin, the generation of oxidative stress with the affection of several organs leads to the limitation and restriction of its use. Omega-3 (N-3) is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) with powerful antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the histological and biochemical changes occurring in the rat testis following isotretinoin intake and to evaluate the role of omega 3 supplementation in ameliorating testicular damage. Thirty adult male albino rats were divided equally into three groups. Group I is the control group, group II received isotretinoin (1.0 mg/kg/day) dissolved in distilled water and group III received isotretinoin (1.0 mg/kg/day) and omega 3 (400 mg/kg/day). Testis samples were collected and processed for light and electron microscopic examination. The blood samples were collected for biochemical assessments. Results indicated that isotretinoin caused histological changes in all stages of spermatogenesis and alterations of the hormonal assay. These changes in the rat testis which were corrected by omega 3 use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hala H Shoeb
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammad M El-Shawwa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Garcia-Vaquero M, Rajauria G, Miranda M, Sweeney T, Lopez-Alonso M, O’Doherty J. Seasonal Variation of the Proximate Composition, Mineral Content, Fatty Acid Profiles and Other Phytochemical Constituents of Selected Brown Macroalgae. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:204. [PMID: 33916596 PMCID: PMC8066787 DOI: 10.3390/md19040204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective was to determine the chemical, phytochemical, fatty acid and mineral profiles of three commercially relevant brown macroalgae (Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea and Ascophyllum nodosum) collected each season for two years off the west coast of Ireland. All the chemical, phytochemical, fatty acid and minerals analysed varied significantly depending on the macroalgal species, season and year of collection. Overall, the protein contents of macroalgae were negatively correlated with carbohydrate content. Protein (2-11%) was at its highest during winter and/or spring, decreasing to a minimum during summer and/or autumn. The three macroalgal species analysed in this study had clearly differentiated fatty acid profiles. The concentration of fatty acids was higher in A. nodosum compared with both Laminaria species. The mineral profile of the three macroalgal species was rich in essential metals, particularly Ca, Mg and P, while the levels of I were approximately 9- to 10-fold higher in both Laminaria spp. compared with A. nodosum. The levels of toxic metals (Cd, Hg and Pb) in all the macroalgal species studied were low in the current study; while the levels of total As were high (49-64 mg/kg DW macroalgae) compared with previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (M.G.-V.); (G.R.)
| | - Gaurav Rajauria
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (M.G.-V.); (G.R.)
| | - Marta Miranda
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Torres Sweeney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Science Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland;
| | - Marta Lopez-Alonso
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - John O’Doherty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (M.G.-V.); (G.R.)
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Miao F, Shan C, Ma T, Geng S, Ning D. Walnut oil alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulating gut microbiota. Microb Pathog 2021; 154:104866. [PMID: 33775855 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) has become a global disease and closely related to changes in intestinal oxidative stress, inflammatory factors and gut microbiota. Furthermore, the NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a key cause in the pathogenesis of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Recent data showed the potential antioxidative and anti-inflammatory advantage of walnut oil, which widely used in traditional medicine and has become a dietary supplement for some patients. Therefore, we investigated whether walnut oil exerts an anti-inflammatory effect on DSS-induced colitis mice by targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and gut microbiota. Our data showed that walnut oil ameliorated the pathological morphology, decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and pro-inflammatory cytokines release, down-regulated the related gene proteins expression of NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 inflammatory pathway, inhibited apoptosis, shifted from more pathogens towards probiotics, and increased the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in DSS-induced damaging process. Collectively, our study concludes that walnut oil exerts anti-inflammatory effect on DSS-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulating gut microbiota, and may be a prominent functional food candidate for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Miao
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Chunlan Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Ting Ma
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Shuxiang Geng
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Delu Ning
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, China.
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Wake M, Kobayashi D. Associations between plasma levels of omega-3 fatty acids and subsequent allergic diseases. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 42:318-324. [PMID: 33745599 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some metabolites of omega-3 fatty acids, such as Maresin have been reported as inflammation converging substances and are suspected to be related to various inflammatory diseases. However, limited number of clinical researches on the association between omega-3 fatty acid as blood levels and inflammatory diseases were published. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study at St. Luke's International Hospital from January 2007 to December 2017. We included all adult patients who had measured plasma fatty acids levels as a part of clinical practice. We excluded patients who had a prior medical history of any allergic diseases. Our primary outcomes were the development of any allergic diseases. The outcomes were compared with Cox proportional hazard model between patients quartered by baseline plasma levels of n-3 PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 1506 patients were included. The mean age was 63.3 (SD: 12.5) years and 1066 (70.8%) were male. The mean EPA levels were 84.09 (SD: 58.67) μg/ml and DHA levels were 139.61 (SD: 60.47) μg/ml. Neither EPA nor DHA levels were significantly associated with the development of allergic disease (log-rank test; p = 0.933, p = 0.908, respectively) in bivariable analyses, or multivariable analyses (hazard ratios [HRs]: 0.90-0.97 for EPA; and HRs: 0.89-0.90 for DHA). CONCLUSIONS The EPA and DHA levels were related to C-reactive protein (CRP) of inflammation maker, but non-significant associated with development allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Wake
- School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Epidemiology, St. Luke's International University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan; Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
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Pascoviche DM, Goldstein N, Fishman A, Lesmes U. Impact of fatty acids unsaturation on stability and intestinal lipolysis of bioactive lipid droplets. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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6
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Anthropometric and Dietary Factors as Predictors of DNA Damage in Obese Women. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10050578. [PMID: 29738492 PMCID: PMC5986458 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhanced DNA damage and disturbances in DNA repair mechanisms are reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases like obesity, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether anthropometric factors and dietary habits are related to endogenous DNA damage. One hundred and fourteen premenopausal, apparently healthy women were included in the study: 88 obese individuals and 26 controls. The comet assay was used to measure basal DNA damage. Biochemical measurements included lipids, apolipoproteinAI, fasting insulin, glucose, and C-reactive protein high sensitivity (CRP-hs). Dietary intakes were assessed by 3-day food records. The mean level of DNA damage was almost two times higher in obese than in non-obese women (p < 0.001). Regression modeling showed that body mass index (BMI), daily intakes of energy, and vitamin C are key predictors of variance in basal DNA damage. Our data demonstrate the impact of obesity-associated inflammation on DNA damage and indicate that regardless of obesity, the level of DNA damage can be reduced by adequate intakes of vitamins C and E. It suggests that particular attention should be paid to the content of antioxidants in the diet of obese people and further studies are needed to modify dietary guidelines to prevent DNA damage in obese individuals.
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Fuentes NR, Kim E, Fan YY, Chapkin RS. Omega-3 fatty acids, membrane remodeling and cancer prevention. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 64:79-91. [PMID: 29627343 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are often credited as the macromolecule responsible for performing critical cellular functions, however lipids have recently garnered more attention as our understanding of their role in cell function and human health becomes more apparent. Although cellular membranes are the lipid environment in which many proteins function, it is now apparent that protein and lipid assemblies can be organized to form distinct micro- or nanodomains that facilitate signaling events. Indeed, it is now appreciated that cellular function is partly regulated by the specific spatiotemporal lipid composition of the membrane, down to the nanosecond and nanometer scale. Furthermore, membrane composition is altered during human disease processes such as cancer and obesity. For example, an increased rate of lipid/cholesterol synthesis in cancerous tissues has long been recognized as an important aspect of the rewired metabolism of transformed cells. However, the contribution of lipids/cholesterol to cellular function in disease models is not yet fully understood. Furthermore, an important consideration in regard to human health is that diet is a major modulator of cell membrane composition. This can occur directly through incorporation of membrane substrates, such as fatty acids, e.g., n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and cholesterol. In this review, we describe scenarios in which changes in membrane composition impact human health. Particular focus is placed on the importance of intrinsic lipid/cholesterol biosynthesis and metabolism and extrinsic dietary modification in cancer and its effect on plasma membrane properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natividad R Fuentes
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, USA; Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, USA
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, USA
| | - Yang-Yi Fan
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, USA; Department of Nutrition & Food Science, Texas A&M University, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, USA; Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, USA; Department of Nutrition & Food Science, Texas A&M University, USA; Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, USA.
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8
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Serum ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Potential Influence Factors in Elderly Patients with Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1102. [PMID: 29348518 PMCID: PMC5773706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical trials failed to demonstrate that ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplement reduced cardiovascular events, which contradicted previous evidence. However, serum ω-3 PUFA concentrations of participants remained unclear in those studies. We aimed to investigate the definite relationship between serum concentrations of ω-3 PUFAs and coronary artery disease (CAD), and to explore the potential influence factors of ω-3 PUFAs. We selected Chinese in-patients (n = 460) with multiple cardiovascular risk factors or an established diagnosis of CAD. Serum ω-3 PUFAs, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), were measured by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Serum concentrations of ω-3 PUFAs in CAD patients were lower than that in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, high serum DHA concentration was an independent protective factor of CAD after adjustment for confounding factors (OR: 0.52, p = 0.014). Alcohol intake (p = 0.036) and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) usage (p = 0.027) were associated with a decreased serum ω-3 PUFA concentration. We conclude that serum concentrations of ω-3 PUFAs may associate with a decreased CAD proportion, and DHA may serve as a protective factor of CAD. Serum ω-3 PUFA concentrations may be reduced by alcohol intake and certain drugs like PPIs.
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Abdalla Filho A, Corrêa P, Lemos L, Dineshkumar D, Issakowicz J, Ieda E, Lima P, Barreal M, McManus C, Mui T, Abdalla A, Louvandini H. Diets based on plants from Brazilian Caatinga altering ruminal parameters, microbial community and meat fatty acids of Santa Inês lambs. Small Rumin Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Jabeur I, Pereira E, Barros L, Calhelha RC, Soković M, Oliveira MBPP, Ferreira ICFR. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. as a source of nutrients, bioactive compounds and colouring agents. Food Res Int 2017; 100:717-723. [PMID: 28873741 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The nutritional and bioactive composition of plants have aroused much interest not only among scientists, but also in people's daily lives. Apart from the health benefits, plants are a source of pigments that can be used as natural food colorants. In this work, the nutritional composition of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. was analysed, as well as its bioactive compounds and natural pigments. Glucose (sugar), malic acid (organic acid), α-tocopherol (tocopherol) and linoleic acid (fatty acid) were the major constituents in the corresponding classes. 5-(Hydroxymethyl) furfural was the most abundant non-anthocyanin compound, while delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside was the major anthocyanin both in its hydroethanolic extract and infusion. H. sabdariffa extracts showed antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, highlighting that the hydroethanol extract presents not only lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity, but also bactericidal/fungicidal inhibition ability for all the bacteria and fungi tested. Furthermore, both extracts revealed the absence of toxicity using porcine primary liver cells. The studied plant species was thus not only interesting for nutritional purposes but also for bioactive and colouring applications in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Jabeur
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Eliana Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ricardo C Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Marina Soković
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Department of Plant Physiology, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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11
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Statistical approaches to access the effect of Lactobacillus sakei culture and ultrasound frequency on fatty acid profile of beef jerky. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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12
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Taipale SJ, Vuorio K, Strandberg U, Kahilainen KK, Järvinen M, Hiltunen M, Peltomaa E, Kankaala P. Lake eutrophication and brownification downgrade availability and transfer of essential fatty acids for human consumption. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 96:156-166. [PMID: 27685803 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fish are an important source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for birds, mammals and humans. In aquatic food webs, these highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) are essential for many physiological processes and mainly synthetized by distinct phytoplankton taxa. Consumers at different trophic levels obtain essential fatty acids from their diet because they cannot produce these sufficiently de novo. Here, we evaluated how the increase in phosphorus concentration (eutrophication) or terrestrial organic matter inputs (brownification) change EPA and DHA content in the phytoplankton. Then, we evaluated whether these changes can be seen in the EPA and DHA content of piscivorous European perch (Perca fluviatilis), which is a widely distributed species and commonly consumed by humans. Data from 713 lakes showed statistically significant differences in the abundance of EPA- and DHA-synthesizing phytoplankton as well as in the concentrations and content of these essential fatty acids among oligo-mesotrophic, eutrophic and dystrophic lakes. The EPA and DHA content of phytoplankton biomass (mgHUFAg-1) was significantly lower in the eutrophic lakes than in the oligo-mesotrophic or dystrophic lakes. We found a strong significant correlation between the DHA content in the muscle of piscivorous perch and phytoplankton DHA content (r=0.85) as well with the contribution of DHA-synthesizing phytoplankton taxa (r=0.83). Among all DHA-synthesizing phytoplankton this correlation was the strongest with the dinoflagellates (r=0.74) and chrysophytes (r=0.70). Accordingly, the EPA+DHA content of perch muscle decreased with increasing total phosphorus (r2=0.80) and dissolved organic carbon concentration (r2=0.83) in the lakes. Our results suggest that although eutrophication generally increase biomass production across different trophic levels, the high proportion of low-quality primary producers reduce EPA and DHA content in the food web up to predatory fish. Ultimately, it seems that lake eutrophication and brownification decrease the nutritional quality of fish for human consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Taipale
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland; Lammi Biological Station, University of Helsinki, Pääjärventie 320, 16900 Lammi, Finland; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (YA), 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - K Vuorio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (YA), 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), P.O. Box 140, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - U Strandberg
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - K K Kahilainen
- Kilpisjärvi Biological Station, University of Helsinki, Käsivarrentie 14622, 99490 Kilpisjärvi, Finland; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Järvinen
- Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Jyväskylä Office, Survontie 9A, FI-40500, Finland
| | - M Hiltunen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - E Peltomaa
- Lammi Biological Station, University of Helsinki, Pääjärventie 320, 16900 Lammi, Finland; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Kankaala
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
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Troy DJ, Tiwari BK, Joo ST. Health Implications of Beef Intramuscular Fat Consumption. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2016; 36:577-582. [PMID: 27857532 PMCID: PMC5112419 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2016.36.5.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite several issues in relation to human health, beef is still a most popular meat product among large section of society due to the presence of high quality protein and other nutrients. The current paper reviews numerous studies that provide nutritional profiles and health implications of high marbled beef consumption. In relation to lipid content of beef, intramuscular fat contains high level of PUFA and MUFA compared to other beef fat. Level and composition of intramuscular fat varies depending on breed and feeding regime. Literature suggests that the marbling is more complex than the development of subcutaneous fat and marbling not only provides good fatty acids but also contributes to the higher eating quality of beef. Finally, the current work emphasize that meat plays a pivotal role in nutritious diets, high quality marbled beef is not only of excellent eating quality but also contain more beneficial fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan J Troy
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | | | - Seon-Tea Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
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14
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Di Nunzio M, Valli V, Bordoni A. PUFA and oxidative stress. Differential modulation of the cell response by DHA. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 67:834-43. [PMID: 27353954 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1201790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Although an increased dietary intake of long-chain n-3 PUFA is considered an effective preventive strategy, a theoretical concern related to the possible increase of lipid peroxidation induced by a PUFA-rich diet still remains a problem. In this study, the effects of different PUFA (linoleic, α-linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid) on cytotoxicity, lipid oxidation, and modulation of antioxidant defenses were evaluated in HepG2 cells submitted to an oxidative stress (H2O2). Results clearly evidenced that all supplemented PUFA, but DHA, enhanced cell susceptibility to H2O2. Overall, our results underline that PUFA cannot be considered as a single category but as individual compounds, and research on mechanisms of action and preventive effects should deal with the individual fatty acids, particularly in the case of DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Di Nunzio
- a Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agri-Food Research , University of Bologna , Cesena (FC), Italy
| | - Veronica Valli
- b Department of Agri-Food Science and Technology , University of Bologna , Cesena (FC), Italy
| | - Alessandra Bordoni
- a Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agri-Food Research , University of Bologna , Cesena (FC), Italy ;,b Department of Agri-Food Science and Technology , University of Bologna , Cesena (FC), Italy
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15
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Shih PB, Yang J, Morisseau C, German JB, Zeeland AASV, Armando AM, Quehenberger O, Bergen AW, Magistretti P, Berrettini W, Halmi KA, Schork N, Hammock BD, Kaye W. Dysregulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase and lipidomic profiles in anorexia nervosa. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21:537-46. [PMID: 25824304 PMCID: PMC4591075 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) restrict eating and become emaciated. They tend to have an aversion to foods rich in fat. Because epoxide hydrolase 2 (EPHX2) was identified as a novel AN susceptibility gene, and because its protein product, soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), converts bioactive epoxides of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to the corresponding diols, lipidomic and metabolomic targets of EPHX2 were assessed to evaluate the biological functions of EPHX2 and their role in AN. Epoxide substrates of sEH and associated oxylipins were measured in ill AN, recovered AN and gender- and race-matched controls. PUFA and oxylipin markers were tested as potential biomarkers for AN. Oxylipin ratios were calculated as proxy markers of in vivo sEH activity. Several free- and total PUFAs were associated with AN diagnosis and with AN recovery. AN displayed elevated n-3 PUFAs and may differ from controls in PUFA elongation and desaturation processes. Cytochrome P450 pathway oxylipins from arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid PUFAs are associated with AN diagnosis. The diol:epoxide ratios suggest the sEH activity is higher in AN compared with controls. Multivariate analysis illustrates normalization of lipidomic profiles in recovered ANs. EPHX2 influences AN risk through in vivo interaction with dietary PUFAs. PUFA composition and concentrations as well as sEH activity may contribute to the pathogenesis and prognosis of AN. Our data support the involvement of EPHX2-associated lipidomic and oxylipin dysregulations in AN, and reveal their potential as biomarkers to assess responsiveness to future intervention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Shih
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Entomology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - C Morisseau
- Department of Entomology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J B German
- Department of Entomology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - A M Armando
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - O Quehenberger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - A W Bergen
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - P Magistretti
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, KAUST, Thuwal, KSA and Brain Mind Institute, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - W Berrettini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - K A Halmi
- Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - N Schork
- Department of Human Biology, J. Craig Venter Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - W Kaye
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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16
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Bernard M, Maixent JM, Gerbi A, Lan C, Cozzone PJ, Pieroni G, Armand M, Coste TC. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid-enriched glycerophospholipids exert cardioprotective effects in ouabain-treated rats via physiological and metabolic changes. Food Funct 2015; 7:798-804. [PMID: 26662260 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01300c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) might prevent heart failure or optimise drug treatments by improving cardiac contraction. We investigated whether DHA-enriched avian glycerophospholipids (GPL-DHA) exert cardioprotection in ouabain-treated rats after 4 weeks of dietary supplementation with 10, 35 or 60 mg DHA per kg body weight versus none (DHA10, DHA35, DHA60 and control groups, respectively). The contractile responsiveness to different doses of ouabain (10(-7) to 10(-4) M), ouabain intoxication (at 3 × 10(-4) M), and relative variations in cardiac energy metabolism were determined using (31)P NMR in isolated perfused rat hearts. The fatty acid composition of cardiac membranes was analysed by gas chromatography. DHA accretion in the heart was dose-dependent (+8%, +30% and +45% for DHA10, DHA35 and DHA60, respectively). The cardiac phosphocreatine content significantly increased at the baseline in DHA35 (+45%) and DHA60 groups (+85%), and at the different doses of ouabain in the DHA60 group (+73% to 98%). The maximum positive inotropy achieved at 10(-4) M ouabain was significantly increased in all DHA groups versus control (+150%, +122.5% and +135% for DHA10, DHA35 and DHA60, respectively), and ouabain intoxication was delayed. The increase in myocardial phosphocreatine content and the improved efficacy of ouabain on myocardial contraction without toxicity suggest the potential of GPL-DHA as a dietary supplement or ingredient for functional food, and possibly as a co-treatment with digitalis drugs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, F-13385 Marseille, France.
| | | | - Alain Gerbi
- RDVC Produits Santé, F-76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Carole Lan
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, F-13385 Marseille, France.
| | | | - Gérard Pieroni
- Application Santé des Lipides, ASL, Bioparc de Vichy, F-03270 Hauterive, France
| | - Martine Armand
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, F-13385 Marseille, France.
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Mapiye C, Vahmani P, Mlambo V, Muchenje V, Dzama K, Hoffman L, Dugan M. The trans-octadecenoic fatty acid profile of beef: Implications for global food and nutrition security. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Mlambo V, Mapiye C. Towards household food and nutrition security in semi-arid areas: What role for condensed tannin-rich ruminant feedstuffs? Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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19
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Sinkovič L, Demšar L, Žnidarčič D, Vidrih R. Fertilization impact on fatty acid profile of chicory and chicon plants (
Cichorium intybus
L.). EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lovro Sinkovič
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyBiotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Lea Demšar
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyBiotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Dragan Žnidarčič
- Department of AgronomyBiotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Rajko Vidrih
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyBiotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
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20
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Pareja-Galeano H, Sanchis-Gomar F, Santos-Lozano A, Garatachea N, Fiuza-Luces C, Lucia A, Emanuele E. Serum eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid ratio is associated with cardio-healthy exceptional longevity. Int J Cardiol 2015; 184:655-656. [PMID: 25771232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helios Pareja-Galeano
- European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Research Institute Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | - Nuria Garatachea
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Carmen Fiuza-Luces
- Research Institute Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Research Institute Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
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21
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Inclusion of sunflower seed and wheat dried distillers' grains with solubles in a red clover silage-based diet enhances steers performance, meat quality and fatty acid profiles. Animal 2014; 8:1999-2010. [PMID: 25075808 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731114001955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study compared beef production, quality and fatty acid (FA) profiles of yearling steers fed a control diet containing 70 : 30 red clover silage (RCS) : barley-based concentrate, a diet containing 11% sunflower seed (SS) substituted for barley, and diets containing SS with 15% or 30% wheat dried distillers' grain with solubles (DDGS). Additions of DDGS were balanced by reductions in RCS and SS to maintain crude fat levels in diets. A total of two pens of eight animals were fed per diet for an average period of 208 days. Relative to the control diet, feeding the SS diet increased (P<0.05) average daily gain, final live weight and proportions of total n-6 FA, non-conjugated 18:2 biohydrogenation products (i.e. atypical dienes) with the first double bond at carbon 8 or 9 from the carboxyl end, conjugated linoleic acid isomers with the first double bond from carbon 7 to 10 from the carboxyl end, t-18:1 isomers, and reduced (P<0.05) the proportions of total n-3 FA, conjugated linolenic acids, branched-chain FA, odd-chain FA and 16:0. Feeding DDGS-15 and DDGS-30 diets v. the SS diet further increased (P<0.05) average daily gains, final live weight, carcass weight, hot dressing percentage, fat thickness, rib-eye muscle area, and improved instrumental and sensory panel meat tenderness. However, in general feeding DGGS-15 or DDGS-30 diets did not change FA proportions relative to feeding the SS diet. Overall, adding SS to a RCS-based diet enhanced muscle proportions of 18:2n-6 biohydrogenation products, and further substitutions of DDGS in the diet improved beef production, and quality while maintaining proportions of potentially functional bioactive FA including vaccenic and rumenic acids.
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22
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Carotenuto F, Minieri M, Monego G, Fiaccavento R, Bertoni A, Sinigaglia F, Vecchini A, Carosella L, Di Nardo P. A diet supplemented with ALA-rich flaxseed prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis by regulating caveolin-3 expression. Cardiovasc Res 2013; 100:422-31. [PMID: 24042018 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) induce beneficial effects on the heart, but the mechanisms through which these effects are operated are not completely clarified yet. Among others, cardiac diseases are often associated with increased levels of cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF), that cause degeneration and death of cardiomyocytes. The present study has been carried out to investigate (i) the potential anti-apoptotic effects induced by the n-3 polyunsaturated α-linolenic acid (ALA) in experimental models of cardiac diseases characterized by high levels of TNF, and (ii) the potential role of caveolin-3 (Cav-3) in the mechanisms involved in this process. METHODS AND RESULTS An ALA-rich flaxseed diet, administered from weaning to hereditary cardiomyopathic hamsters, prevented the onset of myocardial apoptosis associated with high plasma and tissue levels of TNF preserving caveolin-3 expression. To confirm these findings, isolated neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes were exposed to TNF to induce apoptosis. ALA pre-treatment greatly enhanced Cav-3 expression hampering the internalization of the caveolar TNF receptor and, thus, determining the abortion of the apoptotic vs. survival cascade. CONCLUSION This study unveiled the Cav-3 pivotal role in defending cardiomyocytes against the TNF pro-apoptotic action and the ALA capacity to regulate this mechanism preventing cardiac degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Carotenuto
- Laboratorio di Cardiologia Molecolare e Cellulare, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, Roma 00133, Italy
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