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Hintenberger R, Affenzeller B, Vladychuk V, Pieringer H. Cardiovascular risk in axial spondyloarthritis-a systematic review. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:2621-2633. [PMID: 37418034 PMCID: PMC10497445 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular manifestations are common in patients suffering axial spondyloarthritis and can result in substantial morbidity and disease burden. To give an overview of this important aspect of axial spondyloarthritis, we conducted a systematic literature search of all articles published between January 2000 and 25 May 2023 on cardiovascular manifestations. Using PubMed and SCOPUS, 123 out of 6792 articles were identified and included in this review. Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis seems to be underrepresented in studies; thus, more evidence for ankylosing spondylitis exists. All in all, we found some traditional risk factors that led to higher cardiovascular disease burden or major cardiovascular events. These specific risk factors seem to be more aggressive in patients with spondyloarthropathies and have a strong connection to high or long-standing disease activity. Since disease activity is a major driver of morbidity, diagnostic, therapeutic, and lifestyle interventions are crucial for better outcomes. Key Points • Several studies on axial spondyloarthritis and associated cardiovascular diseases have been conducted in the last few years addressing risk stratification of these patients including artificial intelligence. • Recent data suggest distinct manifestations of cardiovascular disease entities among men and women which the treating physician needs to be aware of. • Rheumatologists need to screen axial spondyloarthritis patients for emerging cardiovascular disease and should aim at reducing traditional risk factors like hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and smoking as well as disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Hintenberger
- Department for Internal Medicine II, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstraße 9, 4020 Linz and Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.
| | - Barbara Affenzeller
- Department for Internal Medicine II, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstraße 9, 4020 Linz and Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Valeriia Vladychuk
- Department for Internal Medicine II, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Krankenhausstraße 9, 4020, Linz, Austria
| | - Herwig Pieringer
- Diakonissen Hospital Linz, Linz, Austria and Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Bhagavathula AS, Bentley BL, Woolf B, Dissanayaka TD, Rahmani J. Increased risk of stroke among patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. REUMATOLOGÍA CLÍNICA 2023; 19:136-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
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Bhagavathula AS, Bentley BL, Woolf B, Dissanayaka TD, Rahmani J. Increased risk of stroke among patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. REUMATOLOGIA CLINICA 2023; 19:136-142. [PMID: 36906389 DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is associated with adverse cardiovascular events. This study aimed to determine the relationship between ankylosing spondylitis and the risk of stroke. METHODS A systematic literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were conducted from inception to December 2021 to identify relevant articles investigating the risk of stroke in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. A random-effects model (DerSimonian and Laird) was used to estimate a pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Meta-regression based on the length of follow-up and subgroup analysis based on the type of stroke, study location, and year of publication to investigate the source of heterogeneity. RESULTS A total of eleven studies comprising 1.7 million participants were included in this study. Pooled analysis showed a significantly increased stroke risk (56%) among patients with ankylosing spondylitis (HR: 1.56, 95% CI 1.33-1.79). Subgroup analysis revealed a higher risk of ischemic stroke among patients with ankylosing spondylitis (HR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.23-1.68). However, meta-regression analysis showed no association between the duration of ankylosing spondylitis and stroke incidence (Coef=-0.0010, P=0.951). CONCLUSION This study reveals that ankylosing spondylitis was associated with an increased risk of suffering a stroke. Management of cerebrovascular risk factors and the control of systemic inflammation should be considered in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy at Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Barry L Bentley
- Cardiff School of Technologies, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK; Collaboration for the Advancement of Sustainable Medical Innovation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Woolf
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Thusharika D Dissanayaka
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | - Jamal Rahmani
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Tilly MJ, Geurts S, Zhu F, Bos MM, Ikram MA, de Maat MPM, de Groot NMS, Kavousi M. Autoimmune diseases and new-onset atrial fibrillation: a UK Biobank study. Europace 2022; 25:804-811. [PMID: 36546587 PMCID: PMC10062304 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The underlying mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF) are largely unknown. Inflammation may underlie atrial remodelling. Autoimmune diseases, related to increased systemic inflammation, may therefore be associated with new-onset AF. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants from the population-based UK Biobank were screened for rheumatic fever, gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases, autoimmune diseases targeting the musculoskeletal system and connective tissues, and neurological autoimmune diseases. Between 2006 and 2022, participants were followed for incident AF. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to quantify associations. 494 072 participants free from AF were included (median age 58.0 years, 54.8% women). After a median of 12.8 years, 27 194 (5.5%) participants were diagnosed with new-onset AF. Rheumatic fever without heart involvement (HR, 95% CI: 1.47, 1.26-1.72), Crohn's disease (1.23, 1.05-1.45), ulcerative colitis (1.17, 1.06-1.31), rheumatoid arthritis (1.39, 1.28-1.51), polyarteritis nodosa (1.82, 1.04-3.09), systemic lupus erythematosus (1.82, 1.41-2.35), and systemic sclerosis (2.32, 1.57-3.44) were associated with a larger AF risk. In sex-stratified analyses, rheumatic fever without heart involvement, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic and enteropathic arthropathies, systemic sclerosis and ankylosing spondylitis were associated with larger AF risk in women, whereas only men showed a larger AF risk associated with ulcerative colitis. CONCLUSIONS Various autoimmune diseases are associated with new-onset AF, more distinct in women. Our findings elaborate on the pathophysiological differences in autoimmunity and AF risk between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn J Tilly
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Geurts
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fang Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maxime M Bos
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Moniek P M de Maat
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M S de Groot
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Office Na-2714, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Chen S, Luo X, Zhao J, Liang Z, Gu J. Exploring the causality between ankylosing spondylitis and atrial fibrillation: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2022; 13:951893. [PMID: 36468019 PMCID: PMC9708899 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.951893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To study whether ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has a causal effect on the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as independent instrumental variables (IVs) from a GWAS study of AS. Summary data from a large-scale GWAS meta-analysis of AF was utilized as the outcome dataset. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model was used for the primary analysis. Multiple sensitivity and heterogeneity tests were conducted to confirm the robustness of the results. Results: In total, 18 SNPs were identified as IVs for MR analysis. Five MR methods consistently found that ankylosing spondylitis was not causally associated with atrial fibrillation (IVW: OR = 0.983 (0.894, 1.080), p = 0.718; MR-Egger: OR = 1.190 (0.973, 1.456), p = 0.109; Simple mode: OR = 0.888 (0.718, 1.098), p = 0.287; Weighted mode: OR = 0.989 (0.854, 1.147), p = 0.890; Weight median: OR = 0.963 (0.852, 1.088), p = 0.545). Leave-one-out analysis supported the stability of MR results. Both the MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO method revealed the absence of horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusion: The two-sample MR analysis did not support a causal relationship between AS and the risk of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Clinical Medical Research Center for Immune Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiqing Luo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Clinical Medical Research Center for Immune Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaoshi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Clinical Medical Research Center for Immune Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenguo Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Clinical Medical Research Center for Immune Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieruo Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Clinical Medical Research Center for Immune Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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Huang JX, Lee YH, Cheng-Chung Wei J. Benefits of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors for cardiovascular disease in ankylosing spondylitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109207. [PMID: 36067655 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has been associated with an increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, with current guidelines recommending multiple CVD-related risk assessment strategies. CVD risk prediction using a scoring model with lipids might be another promising alternative, for which ultrasound screening for subclinical atherosclerosis may be considered together with surrogate markers. Theoretically, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), which are known to inhibit endothelial activation and inflammation caused by the disease and underlying metabolic dysfunction, might prevent microvascular events. In this narrative review, we summarized the evidence of TNFi effects on CVD in AS. Although early case reports revealed that CVD occurred during TNFi treatment, more recent evidence shows that it could be successfully treated. Studies of TNFi on lipid changes and subclinical atherosclerosis have shown controversial results, possibly due to genetic predisposition, differences in affinity for membrane-bound TNF leading to insufficient inhibition of inflammation or primary failure response to TNFi, and not enough follow-up time to identify potential significance. Overall, patients vulnerable to CVD could benefit from long-term administration of TNFi when inflammation is under control. Besides healthy lifestyle modification, traditional CVD risk factors and metabolic syndrome-related diseases should be further assessed and treated if necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xian Huang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yung-Heng Lee
- Department of Senior Services Industry Management, Minghsin University of Science and Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Recreation and Sport Management, Shu-Te University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Cishan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Department of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Min HK, Kim HR, Lee SH, Park S, Park M, Hong YS, Kim MY, Park SH, Kang KY. Increased risks of aortic regurgitation and atrial fibrillation in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis patients: a 10-year nationwide cohort study. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2022; 14:1759720X221088094. [PMID: 35368372 PMCID: PMC8972938 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x221088094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To compare the incidences of aortic regurgitation, atrial fibrillation (AF), and atrioventricular (AV) block II–III between radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) patients and the general population (GP). Methods: National Health Insurance Services data were used. R-axSpA patients (N = 8877) and the age- and sex-matched GP (N = 26,631) were followed from August 2006 to December 2019. Incidence rates and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of aortic regurgitation, AF, and AV block II–III were compared between these groups. Ten-year incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Results: Incidence rates of aortic regurgitation, AV block II–III, and AF in the r-axSpA group were 0.42, 0.21, and 4.0 per 1000 person-years (PYs), respectively. In the r-axSpA group, the SIR for aortic regurgitation was highest among 40- to 49-year-old men (4.11). Incidence rates of aortic regurgitation and AF were higher in the r-axSpA group than in the GP group (0.42 versus 0.18 per 1000 PYs 4.00 versus 3.13 per 1000 PYs, both p < 0.001, respectively), whereas the difference was insignificant for AV block II–III (0.21 versus 0.14 per 1000 PYs, p = 0.222). In multivariate analysis, r-axSpA was associated with a higher hazard (risk) for the development of aortic regurgitation and AF [HR (95% confidence interval) = 2.55 (1.49–4.37) and 1.20 (1.04–1.39), respectively], but the difference was insignificant for AV block II–III [HR (95% confidence interval) = 1.17 (0.59–2.31)]. Conclusions: Compared with the GP, r-axSpA patients are at increased risk of aortic regurgitation and AF, but not AV block II–III. These patients should be carefully monitored for occurrence of aortic regurgitation and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ki Min
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hae-Rim Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sojeong Park
- Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minae Park
- Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeon Sik Hong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon Saint Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moon-Young Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon Saint Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwi Young Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, #56 Dongsu-Ro, Bupyung-Gu, Incheon KS006, South Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul KS013, South Korea
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Lai SW. Association between ankylosing spondylitis and venous thromboembolism. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:e136. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Yun JP, Choi EK, Han KD, Park SH, Jung JH, Park SH, Ahn HJ, Lim JH, Lee SR, Oh S. Risk of Atrial Fibrillation According to Cancer Type: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. JACC: CARDIOONCOLOGY 2021; 3:221-232. [PMID: 34396327 PMCID: PMC8352078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Patients with cancer have an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, there is a paucity of information regarding the association between cancer type and risk of AF. Objectives This study sought to evaluate the risk of AF according to the type of cancer. Methods We enrolled 816,811 patients who were diagnosed with cancer from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database between 2009 and 2016. Age- and sex-matched noncancer control subjects (1:2; n = 1,633,663) were also selected. Newly diagnosed AF was identified based on the type of cancer. Results During a median follow-up of 4.5 years, AF was newly diagnosed in 25,356 patients with cancer (6.6 per 1,000 person-years). In multivariable Fine and Gray’s regression analysis, cancer was an independent risk factor for incident AF (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.61 to 1.66). Multiple myeloma showed a higher association with incident AF (aHR: 3.34; 95% CI: 2.98 to 3.75). Esophageal cancer showed the highest risk among solid cancers (aHR: 2.69; 95% CI: 2.45 to 2.95), and stomach cancer showed the lowest association with AF risk (aHR: 1.27; 95% CI 1.23 to 1.32). Conclusions Although patients with cancer were found to have a higher risk of AF, the impact on AF development varied by cancer type.
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Key Words
- AF, atrial fibrillation
- CI, confidence interval
- CKD, chronic kidney disease
- CNS, central nervous system
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- DM, diabetes mellitus
- HR, hazard ratio
- ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases–10th Revision
- IQR, interquartile range
- NHIS, National Health Insurance Service
- atrial fibrillation
- cancer
- epidemiology
- type of cancer
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Pil Yun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eue-Keun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyeon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ryoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seil Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Increased Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Atopic Triad: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:3422-3430.e5. [PMID: 33965590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a sharp increase in the global prevalence of allergy over the past decade, the relation between multiple atopic conditions and atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To determine whether there is an association between atopic diseases and AF and to examine the effect of multiple atopic diseases on the incidence of AF. METHODS This retrospective population-based study used the database from the 2009 National Health Insurance Services-Health Screening Cohort in Korea. A total of 6,748,564 subjects without a previous history of AF were included in the final analysis and observed until 2017. The atopic triad included asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. A total of 1,168,196 subjects (17.3%) with at least one atopic disease were classified as the atopic group. The primary outcome was new-onset AF. RESULTS During a median 7.2 ± 1.0 years of follow-up, 136,253 subjects were given the new diagnosis of AF (30,300 in the atopic group and 105,953 in the nonatopic group). The incidence of AF was 3.63/1000 person-years in the atopic group and 2.64/1000 person-years in the nonatopic group. The risk for AF showed a positive correlation with the number of diseases in the atopic triad (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: one disease: aHR = 1.15, CI, 1.14-1.17; two diseases: aHR = 1.34, CI, 1.31-1.38; and three diseases: aHR = 1.35, CI, 1.11-1.66; P for trend < .001). CONCLUSIONS The atopic triad of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis was associated with an increased risk for AF. Moreover, multiple atopic conditions have a higher risk for AF.
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Ma Y, Pan Z, Fan D, Xu S, Pan F. The increased risk of atrial fibrillation in inflammatory arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1095-1107. [PMID: 33563055 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1884091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia contributing to stroke and sudden cardiac death. Numbers of studies indicated that patients with inflammatory arthritis have an increased risk of AF. The present study aims to assess the risk of AF in inflammatory arthritis patients.Methods: We systematically searched cohort studies regarding the risk of AF in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, or spondyloarthritis through PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials Registry, and China National Knowledge from inception to August 1, 2019. Meta-analysis was performed using fixed effect model, estimating both crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression based on geographic characteristics, comorbidities, and medication use were conducted to explore the source of heterogeneity.Results: Literature search identified 388 potentially relevant studies, and five studies containing seven cohorts of rheumatoid arthritis or spondyloarthritis were included in the meta-analysis. The AF risk of inflammatory arthritis patients was significantly increased compared with health controls (HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.36 to 1.49, Z = 14.17, P < .001), and the pooled HR of studies adjusted factor, like demographic characteristics, medications use, and comorbidities, was 1.37 (95% CI: 1.29 to 1.46; Z = 9.82, P < .001).Conclusion: Patients with inflammatory arthritis have increased risk of AF, probably due to the underlying chronic inflammation. Although various confounders have been adjusted like medications use and comorbidities, the risk of AF is still significantly increased in inflammatory arthritis patients.Abbreviations: AF: Atrial fibrillation; AS: Ankylosing spondylitis; CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio; NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa scale; NSAIDs: Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs; PsA: Psoriatic arthritis; RA: Rheumatoid arthritis; SpA: Spondyloarthritis; TNFi: Tumor necrosis factors inhibitor; uSpA: Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhipeng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dazhi Fan
- Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Han S, Moon I, Choi EK, Han KD, Cho HC, Lee SY, Yang S, Kwon S, Choi YJ, Lee HJ, Lee E, Lee SR, Oh S. Increased atrial fibrillation risk in Parkinson's disease: A nationwide population-based study. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:238-246. [PMID: 33389803 PMCID: PMC7818085 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder associated with various morbidities. Although the relationship between cardiovascular disease and PD has been studied, a paucity of information on PD and atrial fibrillation (AF) association exists. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether patients with PD have an increased risk of AF. METHODS This study included 57,585 patients with newly diagnosed PD (≥40-year-old, mean age 69.7 years, men 40.2%) and without a history of AF from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database between 2010 and 2015. Furthermore, an equal number of age- and sex-matched subjects without PD were selected for comparison. The primary outcome was new-onset AF. RESULTS During the mean follow-up period of 3.4 ± 1.8 years, AF was newly diagnosed in 3,665 patients. A significantly higher incidence rate of AF was noted among patients with PD than among patients without PD (10.75 and 7.86 per 1000 person-year, respectively). Multivariate Cox-regression analysis revealed that PD was an independent risk factor for AF (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-1.36). Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed that AF risk was higher in the younger age subgroups, and compared with the non-PD group, the youngest PD group (age: 40-49 years) had a threefold increased risk of AF (HR: 3.06, 95% CI: 1.20-7.77). INTERPRETATION Patients with PD, especially the younger age subgroups, have an increased risk of AF. Active surveillance and management of AF should be considered to prevent further complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokmoon Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inki Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eue-Keun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Chan Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhun Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonil Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Euijae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ryung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seil Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Papagoras C, Voulgari PV, Drosos AA. Cardiovascular Disease in Spondyloarthritides. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 18:473-487. [PMID: 31330576 DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666190426164306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The spondyloarthritides are a group of chronic systemic inflammatory joint diseases, the main types being ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Evidence accumulating during the last decades suggests that patients with AS or PsA carry an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular death. This risk appears to be mediated by systemic inflammation over and above classical cardiovascular risk factors. The excess cardiovascular risk in those patients has been formally acknowledged by scientific organizations, which have called physicians' attention to the matter. The application by Rheumatologists of new effective anti-rheumatic treatments and treat-to-target strategies seems to benefit patients from a cardiovascular point of view, as well. However, more data are needed in order to verify whether anti-rheumatic treatments do have an effect on cardiovascular risk and whether there are differences among them in this regard. Most importantly, a higher level of awareness of the cardiovascular risk is needed among patients and healthcare providers, better tools to recognize at-risk patients and, ultimately, commitment to address in parallel both the musculoskeletal and the cardiovascular aspect of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Papagoras
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Paraskevi V Voulgari
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandros A Drosos
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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14
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Mubasher M, Syed T, Hanafi A, Yu Z, Yusuf I, Abdullah AS, Mohamed MF, Alweis R, Rao M, Hoefen R, Danjuma MI. An Investigation into the Association Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Cardiac Arrhythmias: An Examination of the United States National Inpatient Sample Database. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2020; 14:1179546820955179. [PMID: 33192109 PMCID: PMC7604983 DOI: 10.1177/1179546820955179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) associated-chronic inflammation and
autonomic dysregulation may predispose to arrhythmias. However, its exact
prevalence is unknown. Thus, we aimed to ascertain the prevalence of
arrhythmias in patients with IBD. Methods: We queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (the largest publicly available
all-payer inpatient USA database) from 2012 to 2014. We used the
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical
Modification (ICD-9 CM) discharge codes to identify adult patients
(⩾18 years) with IBD and dysrhythmias (supraventricular tachycardia (SVT),
atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia (VT), or
ventricular fibrillation). Furthermore, we identified risk factors for
cardiovascular disease. We divided patients into 2 cohorts, IBD cohorts, and
non-IBD cohort. The independent effect of a diagnosis of IBD on the risk of
dysrhythmias was examined using a multivariable logistic regression model
controlling for multiple confounders. Results: We identified 847 235 and 84 757 349 weighted hospitalizations among patients
with IBD and non-IBD cohorts, respectively. Patients with IBD were less
likely to be hospitalized for dysrhythmias than the non-IBD (9.7% vs 14.2%,
P < .001). The hospitalization odds for dysrhythmias
among patients with IBD were less than the general population (OR 0.87; 95%
CI 0.85-0.88). However, the prevalence of SVT and VT was indifferent between
the 2 groups. Male sex, age of over 60, and white race were risk factors for
dysrhythmias. Conclusion: Despite prior reports of a higher prevalence of arrhythmias among patients
with IBD, in a nationwide inpatient database, we found lower rates of
hospitalization-related-arrhythmias in the IBD population compared to that
of the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tausif Syed
- Department of Medicine, Unity Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Amir Hanafi
- Department of Medicine, Unity Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zhao Yu
- Department of Medicine, Unity Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ibrahim Yusuf
- Department of Medicine, Unity Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Richard Alweis
- Department of Medicine, Unity Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.,School of Health Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mohan Rao
- Department of Cardiology, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ryan Hoefen
- Department of Medicine, Unity Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed I Danjuma
- Internal Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,College of Medicine, Qatar University (QU-Health), Doha, Qatar
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15
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Rivington J, Twohig P. Quantifying Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation: Retrospective Review of a Large Electronic Patient Database. J Atr Fibrillation 2020; 13:2365. [PMID: 34950310 DOI: 10.4022/jafib.2365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite the numerous comorbidities associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), the relative risk has been varying and not well-documented. Aim To quantify the risk of diseases associated with AF. Methods Population-based retrospective analysis in IBM Explorys (1999-2019), an electronic database with over 63 million patients in the United States. Odds ratios were calculated between AF and other diseases. AF patients were also stratified by age, gender, and race to assess trends of AF in different demographic groups. Results 1,812,620 patients had AF in the database. Congestive heart failure had the highest association with AF (OR 42.95). Cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and myocardial infarction all had odds greater than 15. Anemia of chronic disease and chronic kidney disease had odds greater than 18, the highest for chronic inflammatory conditions. Other conditions commonly associated with AF were found to have odds less than 8, including hyperthyroidism, alcohol use, and sleep apnea. Helicobacter pylori infection had the lowest odds at 1.98. Conclusions Epidemiologic information could be integrated with current clinical algorithms to more rapidly identify patients at risk of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Rivington
- Department of Cardiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Patrick Twohig
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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16
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Södergren A, Askling J, Bengtsson K, Forsblad-d'Elia H, Jernberg T, Lindström U, Ljung L, Mantel Ä, Jacobsson LTH. Characteristics and outcome of a first acute myocardial infarction in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 40:1321-1329. [PMID: 32845439 PMCID: PMC7943508 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05354-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To study clinical characteristics, mortality, and secondary prevention, after a first incident acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) compared with the general population. Methods In total, 292 subjects with AS and a first AMI between Jan 2006 and Dec 2014 were identified using the Swedish national patient register. Each subject was matched with up to 5 general population comparators per AS-patient (n = 1276). Follow-up started at the date of admission for AMI and extended until death or 365 days of follow-up. Cox regression was used to assess mortality in two time intervals: days 0–30 and days 31–365. For a subgroup with available data, clinical presentation at admission, course, treatment for AMI, and secondary prevention were compared. Results During the 365-day follow-up, 56/292 (19%) AS patients and 184/1276 (14%) comparators died. There were no difference in mortality due to cardiovascular-related causes, although the overall mortality day 31–365 was increased among patients with AS compared with comparators (HR [95% CI] = 2.0 [1.3;3.0]). At admission, AS patients had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities compared with comparators. At discharge, patients with AS were less often prescribed lipid-lowering drugs and non-aspirin antiplatelet therapy. Conclusions Patients with AS tend to have a higher comorbidity burden at admission for first AMI. The mortality after a first AMI due to cardiovascular-related causes does not seem to be elevated, despite an increased overall mortality during days 31–365 among patients with AS compared with the general population.Key Points • The all-cause mortality after a first AMI was higher in patients with AS. • Mortality after a first AMI due to CVD-related causes does not seem to be elevated for patients with AS. • In patients with AS suffering a first AMI, more attention should be given to other comorbidities causing an excess in mortality. |
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10067-020-05354-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Södergren
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. .,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Johan Askling
- Clinical Epidemiology Section, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Bengtsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helena Forsblad-d'Elia
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jernberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Lindström
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lotta Ljung
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Clinical Epidemiology Section, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ängla Mantel
- Clinical Epidemiology Section, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart T H Jacobsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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17
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Ni WJ, Leng XM. Down-regulated miR-495 can target programmed cell death 10 in ankylosing spondylitis. Mol Med 2020; 26:50. [PMID: 32450789 PMCID: PMC7249445 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating eukaryotic gene expression. Recent studies indicated that aberrantly expressed miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Indeed, hsa-miR-495-3p (miR-495) has been reported as an anti-oncogene in different cancers. However, the role of miR-495 in AS is still unknown. Methods In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-495 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), whole blood, and serum of patients with AS. Bisulfite-specific PCR sequencing and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation were used to detect the methylation in the promoter region of miR-495. To determine the influence of miR-495 expression on the target gene, programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10), dual luciferase reporter assays together with an adenoviral vector containing the miR-495 locus were used. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the efficacy of miR-495 as a diagnostic biomarker of AS. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and western blotting were used to explore the potential role of miR-495 in AS pathogenesis and the mechanism by which it facilitates AS pathogenesis. Results miR-495 is down-regulated and the promoter region of miR-495 is highly methylated in AS. The expression of miR-495 is negatively associated with PDCD10 expression in both patients with AS and healthy controls. Further experiments showed that PDCD10 can be targeted by miR-495. The ROC curves of miR-495 suggested that it is a very specific and sensitive biomarker for AS diagnosis. Bioinformatics analysis and signal pathway studies indicated that miR-495 can down-regulate β-catenin and transforming growth factor-β1. Conclusions Our studies indicated that down-regulation of miR-495 can be used as a potential molecular marker for the diagnosis and treatment of AS, thus providing new insights into the role of miRNAs in AS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Ni
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of XinXiang Medical University, 453100, WeiHui, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Min Leng
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China. .,The First Affiliated Hospital of XinXiang Medical University, 453100, WeiHui, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Choi EK. Cardiovascular Research Using the Korean National Health Information Database. Korean Circ J 2020; 50:754-772. [PMID: 32725984 PMCID: PMC7441000 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2020.0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Korean National Health Information Database (NHID) contains nationwide claims data, including sociodemographic data, health care utilization, health screening data, and healthcare provider information. To compensate for the limitations of randomized clinical trials, real-world observational studies using claims data have emerged as a novel research tool. We summarized the structure of the Korean NHID and the recent researches conducted in the field of cardiovascular science. Epidemiological studies, prescription patterns, temporal trends, comparison of effectiveness and safety of treatments, variability index using laboratory data, and rare intractable disease constitute interesting topics of research in cardiovascular science using the NHID. The operational definition of covariates and clinical outcomes is important for researchers interested in using the NHID data as new tools to prove their hypothesis. A step-by-step approach adopted by a team of data scientists, epidemiologists, statisticians, and clinical researchers may be most effective while designing research studies. The ultimate direction of research using the NHID should aim to improve the welfare of the public by promoting public health, reducing medical costs, and guiding healthcare policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eue Keun Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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19
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Packer M. Characterization, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Implications of Inflammation-Related Atrial Myopathy as an Important Cause of Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015343. [PMID: 32242478 PMCID: PMC7428644 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Historically, atrial fibrillation has been observed in clinical settings of prolonged hemodynamic stress, eg, hypertension and valvular heart disease. However, recently, the most prominent precedents to atrial fibrillation are metabolic diseases that are associated with adipose tissue inflammation (ie, obesity and diabetes mellitus) and systemic inflammatory disorders (ie, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis). These patients typically have little evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation; instead, imaging reveals abnormalities of the structure or function of the atria, particularly the left atrium, indicative of an atrial myopathy. The left atrium is enlarged, fibrotic and noncompliant, potentially because the predisposing disorder leads to an expansion of epicardial adipose tissue, which transmits proinflammatory mediators to the underlying left atrium. The development of an atrial myopathy not only leads to atrial fibrillation, but also contributes to pulmonary venous hypertension and systemic thromboembolism. These mechanisms explain why disorders of systemic or adipose tissue inflammation are accompanied an increased risk of atrial fibrillation, abnormalities of left atrium geometry and an enhanced risk of stroke. The risk of stroke exceeds that predicted by conventional cardiovascular risk factors or thromboembolism risk scores used to guide the use of anticoagulation, but it is strongly linked to clinical evidence and biomarkers of systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute Baylor University Medical Center Dallas TX.,Imperial College London United Kingdom
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20
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Shah RR. Genotype‐guided warfarin therapy: Still of only questionable value two decades on. J Clin Pharm Ther 2020; 45:547-560. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Drugs That Ameliorate Epicardial Adipose Tissue Inflammation May Have Discordant Effects in Heart Failure With a Preserved Ejection Fraction as Compared With a Reduced Ejection Fraction. J Card Fail 2019; 25:986-1003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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22
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Lai SW. Association between ankylosing spondylitis and atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2019; 294:39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Moon I, Choi EK. Reply to the letter to the editor: “Association between ankylosing spondylitis and atrial fibrillation”. Int J Cardiol 2019; 294:40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Association between Atrial Fibrillation, Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure and Mortality in Patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection: a nationwide population-based study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15503. [PMID: 31664094 PMCID: PMC6820717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
NTM infection demonstrates an increasing incidence and prevalence. We studied the impact of NTM in cardiovascular events. Using the Korean nationwide database, we included newly diagnosed 1,730 NTM patients between 2005 and 2008 and followed up for new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), ischemic stroke (IS), and death. Covariates-matched non-NTM subjects (1:5, n = 8,650) were selected and analyzed. Also, NTM infection was classified into indolent or progressive NTM for risk stratification. During 4.16 ± 1.15 years of the follow-up period, AF, MI, HF, IS, and death were newly diagnosed in 87, 125, 121, 162, and 468 patients. In multivariate analysis, NTM group showed an increased risk of AF (hazard ratio [HR] 2.307, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.560-3.412) and all-cause death (HR 1.751, 95% CI 1.412-2.172) compared to non-NTM subjects, whereas no significant difference in MI (HR 0.868, 95% CI 0.461-1.634), HF (HR 1.259, 95% CI 0.896-2.016), and IS (HR 1.429, 95% CI 0.981-2.080). After stratification, 1,730 NTM patients were stratified into 1,375 (79.5%) indolent NTM group and 355 (20.5%) progressive NTM group. Progressive NTM showed an increased risk of AF and mortality than indolent NTM group. Screening for AF and IS prevention would be appropriate in these high-risk patients.
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25
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Suryavanshi SV, Li N. Behçet's disease: A (silk) route to atrial fibrillation? Int J Cardiol 2019; 293:117-118. [PMID: 31353152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh V Suryavanshi
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America.
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26
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Choi YJ, Choi EK, Han KD, Park J, Moon I, Lee E, Choe WS, Lee SR, Cha MJ, Lim WH, Oh S. Increased risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A nationwide population-based study. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:2788-2798. [PMID: 31236001 PMCID: PMC6580358 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i22.2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, could play a role in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF).
AIM To investigate the association between IBD and AF development.
METHODS We performed a population-based cohort study using records in the Korean National Health Insurance Services database between 2010 and 2014. A total of 37696 patients with IBD (12349 with Crohn’s disease and 25397 with ulcerative colitis) were identified. The incidence rate of newly diagnosed AF in patients with IBD was compared with that in a 3 times larger cohort of 113088 age- and sex-matched controls without IBD.
RESULTS During 4.9 ± 1.3 years of follow-up, 1120 patients newly diagnosed with AF (348 in the IBD group and 772 in controls) were identified. After adjustments using multivariable Cox proportional hazards, patients with IBD were at a 36% [95% confidence interval (CI) 20%-54%] higher risk of AF than controls. The association between IBD and the development of AF was stronger in younger than in older patients. Patients without cardiovascular risk factors showed a higher risk of AF primarily. Additionally, patients receiving immun-omodulators [Hazard ration (HR) 1.46, 95%CI 1.31-1.89], systemic corticosteroids (HR 1.37, 95%CI 1.10-1.71), or biologics agents (HR 2.38, 95%CI 1.51-3.75) were at higher risk of AF than patients without them.
CONCLUSION IBD significantly increased the risk of AF, and the impact of IBD on developing AF was in patients with moderate to severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Eue-Keun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03083, South Korea
| | - Jiesuck Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Inki Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Euijae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Won-Seok Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - So-Ryoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, South Korea
| | - Seil Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
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