1
|
Goodkey K, Wischmeijer A, Perrin L, Watson AES, Qureshi L, Cordelli DM, Toni F, Gnazzo M, Benedicenti F, Elmaleh-Bergès M, Low KJ, Voronova A. Olfactory bulb anomalies in KBG syndrome mouse model and patients. BMC Med 2024; 22:158. [PMID: 38616269 PMCID: PMC11017579 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
ANKRD11 (ankyrin repeat domain 11) is a chromatin regulator and the only gene associated with KBG syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder. We have previously shown that Ankrd11 regulates murine embryonic cortical neurogenesis. Here, we show a novel olfactory bulb phenotype in a KBG syndrome mouse model and two diagnosed patients. Conditional knockout of Ankrd11 in murine embryonic neural stem cells leads to aberrant postnatal olfactory bulb development and reduced size due to reduction of the olfactory bulb granule cell layer. We further show that the rostral migratory stream has incomplete migration of neuroblasts, reduced cell proliferation as well as aberrant differentiation of neurons. This leads to reduced neuroblasts and neurons in the olfactory bulb granule cell layer. In vitro, Ankrd11-deficient neural stem cells from the postnatal subventricular zone display reduced migration, proliferation, and neurogenesis. Finally, we describe two clinically and molecularly confirmed KBG syndrome patients with anosmia and olfactory bulb and groove hypo-dysgenesis/agenesis. Our report provides evidence that Ankrd11 is a novel regulator of olfactory bulb development and neuroblast migration. Moreover, our study highlights a novel clinical sign of KBG syndrome linked to ANKRD11 perturbations in mice and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kara Goodkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, 5-083 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Anita Wischmeijer
- Clinical Genetics Service and Coordination Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regional Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | | | - Adrianne E S Watson
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, 5-083 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Leenah Qureshi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Duccio Maria Cordelli
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, UOC Neuropsichiatria Dell'età Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Toni
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Programma Di Neuroradiologia Con Tecniche Ad Elevata Complessità (PNTEC), Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Gnazzo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedicenti
- Clinical Genetics Service and Coordination Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regional Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | | | - Karen J Low
- Department of Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Clinical Genetics Service, St. Michaels Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Anastassia Voronova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada.
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, 5-083 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada.
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mussalo L, Avesani S, Shahbaz MA, Závodná T, Saveleva L, Järvinen A, Lampinen R, Belaya I, Krejčík Z, Ivanova M, Hakkarainen H, Kalapudas J, Penttilä E, Löppönen H, Koivisto AM, Malm T, Topinka J, Giugno R, Aakko-Saksa P, Chew S, Rönkkö T, Jalava P, Kanninen KM. Emissions from modern engines induce distinct effects in human olfactory mucosa cells, depending on fuel and aftertreatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167038. [PMID: 37709087 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafine particles (UFP) with a diameter of ≤0.1 μm, are contributors to ambient air pollution and derived mainly from traffic emissions, yet their health effects remain poorly characterized. The olfactory mucosa (OM) is located at the rooftop of the nasal cavity and directly exposed to both the environment and the brain. Mounting evidence suggests that pollutant particles affect the brain through the olfactory tract, however, the exact cellular mechanisms of how the OM responds to air pollutants remain poorly known. Here we show that the responses of primary human OM cells are altered upon exposure to UFPs and that different fuels and engines elicit different adverse effects. We used UFPs collected from exhausts of a heavy-duty-engine run with renewable diesel (A0) and fossil diesel (A20), and from a modern diesel vehicle run with renewable diesel (Euro6) and compared their health effects on the OM cells by assessing cellular processes on the functional and transcriptomic levels. Quantification revealed all samples as UFPs with the majority of particles being ≤0.1 μm by an aerodynamic diameter. Exposure to A0 and A20 induced substantial alterations in processes associated with inflammatory response, xenobiotic metabolism, olfactory signaling, and epithelial integrity. Euro6 caused only negligible changes, demonstrating the efficacy of aftertreatment devices. Furthermore, when compared to A20, A0 elicited less pronounced effects on OM cells, suggesting renewable diesel induces less adverse effects in OM cells. Prior studies and these results suggest that PAHs may disturb the inflammatory process and xenobiotic metabolism in the OM and that UFPs might mediate harmful effects on the brain through the olfactory route. This study provides important information on the adverse effects of UFPs in a human-based in vitro model, therefore providing new insight to form the basis for mitigation and preventive actions against the possible toxicological impairments caused by UFP exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mussalo
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Simone Avesani
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Muhammad Ali Shahbaz
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Táňa Závodná
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Liudmila Saveleva
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anssi Järvinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT, 02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Riikka Lampinen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Irina Belaya
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Zdeněk Krejčík
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Ivanova
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henri Hakkarainen
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juho Kalapudas
- Department of Neurology, Neuro Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elina Penttilä
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Löppönen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne M Koivisto
- Department of Neurology, Neuro Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Helsinki University Hospital and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Malm
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Sweelin Chew
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Topi Rönkkö
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Pasi Jalava
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Munguba H, Nikouei K, Hochgerner H, Oberst P, Kouznetsova A, Ryge J, Muñoz-Manchado AB, Close J, Batista-Brito R, Linnarsson S, Hjerling-Leffler J. Transcriptional maintenance of cortical somatostatin interneuron subtype identity during migration. Neuron 2023; 111:3590-3603.e5. [PMID: 37625400 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Although cardinal cortical interneuron identity is established upon cell-cycle exit, it remains unclear whether specific interneuron subtypes are pre-established, and if so, how their identity is maintained prior to circuit integration. We conditionally removed Sox6 (Sox6-cKO) in migrating somatostatin (Sst+) interneurons and assessed the effects on their mature identity. In adolescent mice, five of eight molecular Sst+ subtypes were nearly absent in the Sox6-cKO cortex without a reduction in cell number. Sox6-cKO cells displayed electrophysiological maturity and expressed genes enriched within the broad class of Sst+ interneurons. Furthermore, we could infer subtype identity prior to cortical integration (embryonic day 18.5), suggesting that the loss in subtype was due to disrupted subtype maintenance. Conversely, Sox6 removal at postnatal day 7 did not disrupt marker expression in the mature cortex. Therefore, Sox6 is necessary during migration for maintenance of Sst+ subtype identity, indicating that subtype maintenance requires active transcriptional programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hermany Munguba
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kasra Nikouei
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannah Hochgerner
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Polina Oberst
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Kouznetsova
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Ryge
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ana Belén Muñoz-Manchado
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Biología Celular, Histología, Historia de la Ciencia, Medicina Legal y Forense y Toxicología, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jennie Close
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Renata Batista-Brito
- Einstein College of Medicine, Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, 1300 Morris Park Ave, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1300 Morris Park Ave, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Genetics, 1300 Morris Park Ave, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Sten Linnarsson
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jens Hjerling-Leffler
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang C, Dong K, Aihara K, Chen L, Zhang S. STAMarker: determining spatial domain-specific variable genes with saliency maps in deep learning. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:e103. [PMID: 37811885 PMCID: PMC10639070 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial transcriptomics characterizes gene expression profiles while retaining the information of the spatial context, providing an unprecedented opportunity to understand cellular systems. One of the essential tasks in such data analysis is to determine spatially variable genes (SVGs), which demonstrate spatial expression patterns. Existing methods only consider genes individually and fail to model the inter-dependence of genes. To this end, we present an analytic tool STAMarker for robustly determining spatial domain-specific SVGs with saliency maps in deep learning. STAMarker is a three-stage ensemble framework consisting of graph-attention autoencoders, multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifiers, and saliency map computation by the backpropagated gradient. We illustrate the effectiveness of STAMarker and compare it with serveral commonly used competing methods on various spatial transcriptomic data generated by different platforms. STAMarker considers all genes at once and is more robust when the dataset is very sparse. STAMarker could identify spatial domain-specific SVGs for characterizing spatial domains and enable in-depth analysis of the region of interest in the tissue section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chihao Zhang
- NCMIS, CEMS, RCSDS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kangning Dong
- NCMIS, CEMS, RCSDS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kazuyuki Aihara
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519031, China
| | - Shihua Zhang
- NCMIS, CEMS, RCSDS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Krajnak K, Farcas M, McKinney W, Waugh S, Mandler K, Knepp A, Jackson M, Richardson D, Hammer M, Matheson J, Thomas T, Qian Y. Inhalation of polycarbonate emissions generated during 3D printing processes affects neuroendocrine function in male rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:575-596. [PMID: 37350301 PMCID: PMC10527863 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2226198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing of manufactured goods has increased in the last 10 years. The increased use of this technology has resulted in questions regarding the influence of inhaling emissions generated during printing. The goal of this study was to determine if inhalation of particulate and/or toxic chemicals generated during printing with polycarbonate (PC) plastic affected the neuroendocrine system. Male rats were exposed to 3D-printer emissions (592 µg particulate/m3 air) or filtered air for 4 h/day (d), 4 days/week and total exposures lengths were 1, 4, 8, 15 or 30 days. The effects of these exposures on hormone concentrations, and markers of function and/or injury in the olfactory bulb, hypothalamus and testes were measured after 1, 8 and 30 days exposure. Thirty days of exposure to 3D printer emissions resulted in reductions in thyroid stimulating hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and prolactin. These changes were accompanied by (1) elevation in markers of cell injury; (2) reductions in active mitochondria in the olfactory bulb, diminished gonadotropin releasing hormone cells and fibers as well as less tyrosine hydroxylase immunolabeled fibers in the arcuate nucleus; and (3) decrease in spermatogonium. Polycarbonate plastics may contain bisphenol A, and the effects of exposure to these 3D printer-generated emissions on neuroendocrine function are similar to those noted following exposure to bisphenol A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Krajnak
- Physical Effects Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Mariana Farcas
- Physiology and Pathology Research BranchHealth Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Walter McKinney
- Physical Effects Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stacey Waugh
- Physical Effects Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kyle Mandler
- Physiology and Pathology Research BranchHealth Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Alycia Knepp
- Physiology and Pathology Research BranchHealth Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Mark Jackson
- Physical Effects Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Diana Richardson
- Histopathology Core, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - MaryAnne Hammer
- Histopathology Core, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Joanna Matheson
- Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Treye Thomas
- Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yong Qian
- Physiology and Pathology Research BranchHealth Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Characterization by Gene Expression Analysis of Two Groups of Dopaminergic Cells Isolated from the Mouse Olfactory Bulb. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030367. [PMID: 36979058 PMCID: PMC10045757 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The olfactory bulb (OB) is one of two regions of the mammalian brain which undergo continuous neuronal replacement during adulthood. A significant fraction of the cells added in adulthood to the bulbar circuitry is constituted by dopaminergic (DA) neurons. We took advantage of a peculiar property of dopaminergic neurons in transgenic mice expressing eGFP under the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) promoter: while DA neurons located in the glomerular layer (GL) display full electrophysiological maturation, eGFP+ cells in the mitral layer (ML) show characteristics of immature cells. In addition, they also display a lower fluorescence intensity, possibly reflecting different degrees of maturation. To investigate whether this difference in maturation might be confirmed at the gene expression level, we used a fluorescence-activated cell sorting technique on enzymatically dissociated cells of the OB. The cells were divided into two groups based on their level of fluorescence, possibly corresponding to immature ML cells and fully mature DA neurons from the GL. Semiquantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect the level of expression of genes linked to the degree of maturation of DA neurons. We showed that indeed the cells expressing low eGFP fluorescence are immature neurons. Our method can be further used to explore the differences between these two groups of DA neurons.
Collapse
|
7
|
Byrne DJ, Lipovsek M, Crespo A, Grubb MS. Brief sensory deprivation triggers plasticity of dopamine-synthesising enzyme expression in genetically labelled olfactory bulb dopaminergic neurons. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:3591-3612. [PMID: 35510299 PMCID: PMC9540594 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, local dopaminergic interneurons play a key role in regulating the flow of sensory information from nose to cortex. These dual dopamine- and GABA-releasing cells are capable of marked experience-dependent changes in the expression of neurotransmitter-synthesising enzymes, including tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). However, such plasticity has most commonly been studied in cell populations identified by their expression of the enzyme being studied and after long periods of sensory deprivation. Here, instead, we used brief 1- or 3-day manipulations of olfactory experience in juvenile mice, coupled with a conditional genetic approach that labelled neurons contingent upon their expression of the dopamine transporter (DAT-tdTomato). This enabled us to evaluate the potential for rapid changes in neurotransmitter-synthesising enzyme expression in an independently identified neuronal population. Our labelling strategy showed good specificity for olfactory bulb dopaminergic neurons, while revealing a minority sub-population of non-dopaminergic DAT-tdTomato cells that expressed the calcium-binding protein calretinin. Crucially, the proportions of these neuronal subtypes were not affected by brief alterations in sensory experience. Short-term olfactory manipulations also produced no significant changes in immunofluorescence or whole-bulb mRNA for the GABA-synthesising enzyme GAD67/Gad1. However, in bulbar DAT-tdTomato neurons, brief sensory deprivation was accompanied by a transient, small drop in immunofluorescence for the dopamine-synthesising enzyme dopa decarboxylase (DDC) and a sustained decrease for TH. Deprivation also produced a sustained decrease in whole-bulb Th mRNA. Careful characterisation of an independently identified, genetically labelled neuronal population therefore enabled us to uncover rapid experience-dependent changes in dopamine-synthesising enzyme expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darren J. Byrne
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN)King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Marcela Lipovsek
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN)King's College LondonLondonUK
- Ear InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Andres Crespo
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN)King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Matthew S. Grubb
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN)King's College LondonLondonUK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Capsoni S, Fogli Iseppe A, Casciano F, Pignatelli A. Unraveling the Role of Dopaminergic and Calretinin Interneurons in the Olfactory Bulb. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:718221. [PMID: 34690707 PMCID: PMC8531203 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.718221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The perception and discriminating of odors are sensory activities that are an integral part of our daily life. The first brain region where odors are processed is the olfactory bulb (OB). Among the different cell populations that make up this brain area, interneurons play an essential role in this sensory activity. Moreover, probably because of their activity, they represent an exception compared to other parts of the brain, since OB interneurons are continuously generated in the postnatal and adult period. In this review, we will focus on periglomerular (PG) cells which are a class of interneurons found in the glomerular layer of the OB. These interneurons can be classified into distinct subtypes based on their neurochemical nature, based on the neurotransmitter and calcium-binding proteins expressed by these cells. Dopaminergic (DA) periglomerular cells and calretinin (CR) cells are among the newly generated interneurons and play an important role in the physiology of OB. In the OB, DA cells are involved in the processing of odors and the adaptation of the bulbar network to external conditions. The main role of DA cells in OB appears to be the inhibition of glutamate release from olfactory sensory fibers. Calretinin cells are probably the best morphologically characterized interneurons among PG cells in OB, but little is known about their function except for their inhibitory effect on noisy random excitatory signals arriving at the main neurons. In this review, we will mainly describe the electrophysiological properties related to the excitability profiles of DA and CR cells, with a particular view on the differences that characterize DA mature interneurons from cells in different stages of adult neurogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Capsoni
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Bio@SNS Laboratory of Biology, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alex Fogli Iseppe
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for the Study of Multiple Sclerosis and Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angela Pignatelli
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lasley SM, Fornal CA, Mandal S, Strupp BJ, Beaudin SA, Smith DR. Early Postnatal Manganese Exposure Reduces Rat Cortical and Striatal Biogenic Amine Activity in Adulthood. Toxicol Sci 2021; 173:144-155. [PMID: 31560393 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence from studies with children and animal models suggests that elevated levels of manganese during early development lead to lasting cognitive and fine motor deficits. This study was performed to assess presynaptic biogenic amine function in forebrain of adult Long-Evans rats exposed orally to 0, 25, or 50 mg Mn/kg/day over postnatal day 1-21 or continuously from birth to the end of the study (approximately postnatal day 500). Intracerebral microdialysis in awake rats quantified evoked outflow of biogenic amines in the right medial prefrontal cortex and left striatum. Results indicated that brain manganese levels in the early life exposed groups (postnatal day 24) largely returned to control levels by postnatal day 66, whereas levels in the lifelong exposed groups remained elevated 10%-20% compared with controls at the same ages. Manganese exposure restricted to the early postnatal period caused lasting reductions in cortical potassium-stimulated extracellular norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin, and reductions in striatal extracellular dopamine. Lifelong manganese exposure produced similar effects with the addition of significant decreases in cortical dopamine that were not evident in the early postnatal exposed groups. These results indicate that early postnatal manganese exposure produces persistent deficits in cortical and striatal biogenic amine function. Given that these same animals exhibited lasting impairments in attention and fine motor function, these findings suggest that reductions in catecholaminergic activity are a primary factor underlying the behavioral effects caused by manganese, and indicate that children exposed to elevated levels of manganese during early development are at the greatest risk for neuronal deficiencies that persist into adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Lasley
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, Illinois 61605
| | - Casimir A Fornal
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, Illinois 61605
| | - Shyamali Mandal
- Business Development, BioVision Inc, Milpitas, California 95035
| | - Barbara J Strupp
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Stephane A Beaudin
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of California Merced, Merced, California 95340
| | - Donald R Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California - Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alizadeh R, Ramezanpour F, Mohammadi A, Eftekharzadeh M, Simorgh S, Kazemiha M, Moradi F. Differentiation of human olfactory system-derived stem cells into dopaminergic neuron-like cells: A comparison between olfactory bulb and mucosa as two sources of stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19712-19720. [PMID: 31297865 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell transplantation has become a possible therapeutic approach in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases of the nervous system by replacing lost cells. The current study aimed to make a comparison between the differentiation capacity of the olfactory bulb neural stem cells (OB-NSCs) and olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSCs) into dopaminergic-like neurons under the inductive effect of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). After culturing and treating with TGF-β, the differentiation capacities of both types of stem cells into dopaminergic neuron-like cells were evaluated. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis 3 weeks after induction demonstrated that the mRNA expression of the dopaminergic activity markers tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT), paired box gene 2 (PAX2), and PAX5 in the neuron-like cells derived from OB-NSCs was significantly higher than those derived from OE-MSCs. These findings were further supported by the immunocytochemistry staining showing that the expression of the tyrosine hydroxylase, DAT, PAX2, and paired like homeodomain 3 seemed to be slightly higher in OB-NSCs compared with OE-MSCs. Despite the lower differentiation capacity of OE-MSCs, other considerations such as a noninvasive and easier harvesting process, faster proliferation attributes, longer life span, autologous transplantability, and also the easier and inexpensive cultural process of the OE-MSCs, cumulatively make these cells the more appropriate alternative in the case of autologous transplantation during the treatment process of neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafieh Alizadeh
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Ramezanpour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Mohammadi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Eftekharzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Simorgh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Kazemiha
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Galliano E, Franzoni E, Breton M, Chand AN, Byrne DJ, Murthy VN, Grubb MS. Embryonic and postnatal neurogenesis produce functionally distinct subclasses of dopaminergic neuron. eLife 2018; 7:e32373. [PMID: 29676260 PMCID: PMC5935487 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most neurogenesis in the mammalian brain is completed embryonically, but in certain areas the production of neurons continues throughout postnatal life. The functional properties of mature postnatally generated neurons often match those of their embryonically produced counterparts. However, we show here that in the olfactory bulb (OB), embryonic and postnatal neurogenesis produce functionally distinct subpopulations of dopaminergic (DA) neurons. We define two subclasses of OB DA neuron by the presence or absence of a key subcellular specialisation: the axon initial segment (AIS). Large AIS-positive axon-bearing DA neurons are exclusively produced during early embryonic stages, leaving small anaxonic AIS-negative cells as the only DA subtype generated via adult neurogenesis. These populations are functionally distinct: large DA cells are more excitable, yet display weaker and - for certain long-latency or inhibitory events - more broadly tuned responses to odorant stimuli. Embryonic and postnatal neurogenesis can therefore generate distinct neuronal subclasses, placing important constraints on the functional roles of adult-born neurons in sensory processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Galliano
- Centre for Developmental NeurobiologyInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Centre for Brain ScienceHarvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
| | - Eleonora Franzoni
- Centre for Developmental NeurobiologyInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Marine Breton
- Centre for Developmental NeurobiologyInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Annisa N Chand
- Centre for Developmental NeurobiologyInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Darren J Byrne
- Centre for Developmental NeurobiologyInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Venkatesh N Murthy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Centre for Brain ScienceHarvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
| | - Matthew S Grubb
- Centre for Developmental NeurobiologyInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Odorant Sensory Input Modulates DNA Secondary Structure Formation and Heterogeneous Ribonucleoprotein Recruitment on the Tyrosine Hydroxylase and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 1 Promoters in the Olfactory Bulb. J Neurosci 2017; 37:4778-4789. [PMID: 28411275 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1363-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of neural circuits to changes in sensory input can modify several cellular processes within neurons, including neurotransmitter biosynthesis levels. For a subset of olfactory bulb interneurons, activity-dependent changes in GABA are reflected by corresponding changes in Glutamate decarboxylase 1 (Gad1) expression levels. Mechanisms regulating Gad1 promoter activity are poorly understood, but here we show that a conserved G:C-rich region in the mouse Gad1 proximal promoter region both recruits heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) that facilitate transcription and forms single-stranded DNA secondary structures associated with transcriptional repression. This promoter architecture and function is shared with Tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), which is also modulated by odorant-dependent activity in the olfactory bulb. This study shows that the balance between DNA secondary structure formation and hnRNP binding on the mouse Th and Gad1 promoters in the olfactory bulb is responsive to changes in odorant-dependent sensory input. These findings reveal that Th and Gad1 share a novel transcription regulatory mechanism that facilitates sensory input-dependent regulation of dopamine and GABA expression.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Adaptation of neural circuits to changes in sensory input can modify several cellular processes within neurons, including neurotransmitter biosynthesis levels. This study shows that transcription of genes encoding rate-limiting enzymes for GABA and dopamine biosynthesis (Gad1 and Th, respectively) in the mammalian olfactory bulb is regulated by G:C-rich regions that both recruit heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) to facilitate transcription and form single-stranded DNA secondary structures associated with repression. hnRNP binding and formation of DNA secondary structure on the Th and Gad1 promoters are mutually exclusive, and odorant sensory input levels regulate the balance between these regulatory features. These findings reveal that Th and Gad1 share a transcription regulatory mechanism that facilitates odorant-dependent regulation of dopamine and GABA expression levels.
Collapse
|
13
|
Pignatelli A, Belluzzi O. Dopaminergic Neurones in the Main Olfactory Bulb: An Overview from an Electrophysiological Perspective. Front Neuroanat 2017; 11:7. [PMID: 28261065 PMCID: PMC5306133 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The olfactory bulb (OB), the first center processing olfactory information, is characterized by a vigorous life-long activity-dependent plasticity responsible for a variety of odor-evoked behavioral responses. It hosts the more numerous group of dopaminergic (DA) neurones in the central nervous system, cells strategically positioned at the entry of the bulbar circuitry, directly in contact with the olfactory nerve terminals, which play a key role in odor processing and in the adaptation of the bulbar network to external conditions. Here, we focus mainly on the electrophysiological properties of DA interneurones, reviewing findings concerning their excitability profiles in adulthood and in different phases of adult neurogenesis. We also discuss dynamic changes of the DA interneurones related to environmental stimuli and their possible functional implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Pignatelli
- Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ottorino Belluzzi
- Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cortical interneuron specification: the juncture of genes, time and geometry. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2016; 42:17-24. [PMID: 27889625 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental question in developmental neuroscience is how hundreds of diverse cell types are generated to form specialized brain regions. The ganglionic eminences (GEs) are embryonic brain structures located in the ventral telencephalon that produce many inhibitory GABA (γ-Aminobutyric acid)-ergic cell types, including long-range projection neurons and local interneurons (INs), which disperse widely throughout the brain. While much has been discovered about the origin and wiring of these cells, a major question remains: how do neurons originating in the GEs become specified during development as one differentiated subtype versus another? This review will cover recent work that has advanced our knowledge of the mechanisms governing cortical interneuron subtype specification, particularly progenitors' spatial origin, birthdates, lineage, and mode of division.
Collapse
|
15
|
Balasubramanian MN, Panserat S, Dupont-Nivet M, Quillet E, Montfort J, Le Cam A, Medale F, Kaushik SJ, Geurden I. Molecular pathways associated with the nutritional programming of plant-based diet acceptance in rainbow trout following an early feeding exposure. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:449. [PMID: 27296167 PMCID: PMC4907080 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The achievement of sustainable feeding practices in aquaculture by reducing the reliance on wild-captured fish, via replacement of fish-based feed with plant-based feed, is impeded by the poor growth response seen in fish fed high levels of plant ingredients. Our recent strategy to nutritionally program rainbow trout by early short-term exposure to a plant-based (V) diet versus a control fish-based (M) diet at the first-feeding fry stage when the trout fry start to consume exogenous feed, resulted in remarkable improvements in feed intake, growth and feed utilization when the same fish were challenged with the diet V (V-challenge) at the juvenile stage, several months following initial exposure. We employed microarray expression analysis at the first-feeding and juvenile stages to deduce the mechanisms associated with the nutritional programming of plant-based feed acceptance in trout. Results Transcriptomic analysis was performed on rainbow trout whole fry after 3 weeks exposure to either diet V or diet M at the first feeding stage (3-week), and in the whole brain and liver of juvenile trout after a 25 day V-challenge, using a rainbow trout custom oligonucleotide microarray. Overall, 1787 (3-week + Brain) and 924 (3-week + Liver) mRNA probes were affected by the early-feeding exposure. Gene ontology and pathway analysis of the corresponding genes revealed that nutritional programming affects pathways of sensory perception, synaptic transmission, cognitive processes and neuroendocrine peptides in the brain; whereas in the liver, pathways mediating intermediary metabolism, xenobiotic metabolism, proteolysis, and cytoskeletal regulation of cell cycle are affected. These results suggest that the nutritionally programmed enhanced acceptance of a plant-based feed in rainbow trout is driven by probable acquisition of flavour and feed preferences, and reduced sensitivity to changes in hepatic metabolic and stress pathways. Conclusions This study outlines the molecular mechanisms in trout brain and liver that accompany the nutritional programming of plant-based diet acceptance in trout, reinforces the notion of the first-feeding stage in oviparous fish as a critical window for nutritional programming, and provides support for utilizing this strategy to achieve improvements in sustainability of feeding practices in aquaculture. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2804-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukundh N Balasubramanian
- INRA, UR1067 NUMEA Nutrition, Métabolisme et Aquaculture, Pôle d'Hydrobiologie INRA, 64310, Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Stephane Panserat
- INRA, UR1067 NUMEA Nutrition, Métabolisme et Aquaculture, Pôle d'Hydrobiologie INRA, 64310, Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Mathilde Dupont-Nivet
- INRA, UMR1313 GABI Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Edwige Quillet
- INRA, UMR1313 GABI Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jerome Montfort
- INRA, UR 1037 Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Rennes, France
| | - Aurelie Le Cam
- INRA, UR 1037 Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Rennes, France
| | - Francoise Medale
- INRA, UR1067 NUMEA Nutrition, Métabolisme et Aquaculture, Pôle d'Hydrobiologie INRA, 64310, Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Sadasivam J Kaushik
- INRA, UR1067 NUMEA Nutrition, Métabolisme et Aquaculture, Pôle d'Hydrobiologie INRA, 64310, Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Inge Geurden
- INRA, UR1067 NUMEA Nutrition, Métabolisme et Aquaculture, Pôle d'Hydrobiologie INRA, 64310, Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang JG, Cai Q, Zheng J, Dong YS, Li JJ, Li JC, Hao GZ, Wang C, Wang JL. Epigenetic Suppression of GADs Expression is Involved in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Pilocarpine-Induced Mice Epilepsy. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:1751-60. [PMID: 27220336 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that histone acetylation is involved with the regulation of enzyme glutamate decarboxylases (GADs), including GAD67 and GAD65. Here, we investigated the histone acetylation modifications of GADs in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and explored the therapeutic effect of a novel second-generation histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) JNJ-26481585 in epilepsy animals. We revealed the suppression of GADs protein and mRNA level, and histone hypoacetylation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and pilocarpine-induced epilepsy mice model. Double-immunofluorescence also indicated that the hypoacetyl-H3 was located in hippocampal GAD67/GAD65 positive neurons in epilepsy mice. JNJ-26481585 significantly reversed the decrease of the GAD67/GAD65 both protein and mRNA levels, and the histone hypoacetylation of GABAergic neurons in epilepsy mice. Meanwhile, single-cell real-time PCR performed in GFP-GAD67/GAD65 transgenic mice demonstrated that JNJ-26481585 induced increase of GAD67/GAD65 mRNA level in GABAergic neurons. Furthermore, JNJ-26481585 significantly alleviated the epileptic seizures in mice model. Together, our findings demonstrate inhibition of GADs gene via histone acetylation plays an important role in the pathgenesis of epilepsy, and suggest JNJ-26481585 as a promising therapeutic strategy for epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Gang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 463rd Hospital of PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110042, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute for Functional Brain Disorders, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 463rd Hospital of PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Shu Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Jiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Chen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhi Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute for Functional Brain Disorders, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ju-Lei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute for Functional Brain Disorders, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bonzano S, Bovetti S, Gendusa C, Peretto P, De Marchis S. Adult Born Olfactory Bulb Dopaminergic Interneurons: Molecular Determinants and Experience-Dependent Plasticity. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:189. [PMID: 27199651 PMCID: PMC4858532 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory bulb (OB) is a highly plastic brain region involved in the early processing of olfactory information. A remarkably feature of the OB circuits in rodents is the constitutive integration of new neurons that takes place during adulthood. Newborn cells in the adult OB are mostly inhibitory interneurons belonging to chemically, morphologically and functionally heterogeneous types. Although there is general agreement that adult neurogenesis in the OB plays a key role in sensory information processing and olfaction-related plasticity, the contribution of each interneuron subtype to such functions is far to be elucidated. Here, we focus on the dopaminergic (DA) interneurons: we highlight recent findings about their morphological features and then describe the molecular factors required for the specification/differentiation and maintenance of the DA phenotype in adult born neurons. We also discuss dynamic changes of the DA interneuron population related to age, environmental stimuli and lesions, and their possible functional implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bonzano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of TurinTorino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of TurinOrbassano, Italy
| | - Serena Bovetti
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Gendusa
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Peretto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of TurinTorino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of TurinOrbassano, Italy
| | - Silvia De Marchis
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of TurinTorino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of TurinOrbassano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Alizadeh R, Hassanzadeh G, Soleimani M, Joghataei MT, Siavashi V, Khorgami Z, Hadjighassem M. Gender and age related changes in number of dopaminergic neurons in adult human olfactory bulb. J Chem Neuroanat 2015. [PMID: 26212581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafieh Alizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hassanzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Siavashi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zhinoos Khorgami
- Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoudreza Hadjighassem
- Brain and Spinal cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
A distinct subtype of dopaminergic interneuron displays inverted structural plasticity at the axon initial segment. J Neurosci 2015; 35:1573-90. [PMID: 25632134 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3515-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized structure near the start of the axon that is a site of neuronal plasticity. Changes in activity levels in vitro and in vivo can produce structural AIS changes in excitatory cells that have been linked to alterations in excitability, but these effects have never been described in inhibitory interneurons. In the mammalian olfactory bulb (OB), dopaminergic interneurons are particularly plastic, undergoing constitutive turnover throughout life and regulating tyrosine hydroxylase expression in an activity-dependent manner. Here we used dissociated cultures of rat and mouse OB to show that a subset of bulbar dopaminergic neurons possess an AIS and that these AIS-positive cells are morphologically and functionally distinct from their AIS-negative counterparts. Under baseline conditions, OB dopaminergic AISs were short and located distally along the axon but, in response to chronic 24 h depolarization, lengthened and relocated proximally toward the soma. These activity-dependent changes were in the opposite direction to both those we saw in non-GABAergic OB neurons and those reported previously for excitatory cell types. Inverted AIS plasticity in OB dopaminergic cells was bidirectional, involved all major components of the structure, was dependent on the activity of L-type CaV1 calcium channels but not on the activity of the calcium-activated phosphatase calcineurin, and was opposed by the actions of cyclin-dependent kinase 5. Such distinct forms of AIS plasticity in inhibitory interneurons and excitatory projection neurons may allow considerable flexibility when neuronal networks must adapt to perturbations in their ongoing activity.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Subventricular zone (SVZ) neurogenesis continuously provides new GABA- and dopamine (DA)-containing interneurons for the olfactory bulb (OB) in most adult mammals. DAergic interneurons are located in the glomerular layer (GL) where they participate in the processing of sensory inputs. To examine whether adult neurogenesis might contribute to regeneration after circuit injury in mice, we induce DAergic neuronal loss by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in the dorsal GL or in the right substantia nigra pars compacta. We found that a 6-OHDA treatment of the OB produces olfactory deficits and local inflammation and partially decreases the number of neurons expressing the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) near the injected site. Blockade of inflammation by minocycline treatment immediately after the 6-OHDA administration rescued neither TH(+) interneuron number nor the olfactory deficits, suggesting that the olfactory impairments are most likely linked to TH(+) cell death and not to microglial activation. TH(+) interneuron number was restored 1 month later. This rescue resulted at least in part from enhanced recruitment of immature neurons targeting the lesioned GL area. Seven days after 6-OHDA lesion in the OB, we found that the integration of lentivirus-labeled adult-born neurons was biased: newly formed neurons were preferentially incorporated into glomerular circuits of the lesioned area. Behavioral rehabilitation occurs 2 months after lesion. This study establishes a new model into which loss of DAergic cells could be compensated by recruiting newly formed neurons. We propose that adult neurogenesis not only replenishes the population of DAergic bulbar neurons but that it also restores olfactory sensory processing.
Collapse
|
21
|
Resendiz M, Mason S, Lo CL, Zhou FC. Epigenetic regulation of the neural transcriptome and alcohol interference during development. Front Genet 2014; 5:285. [PMID: 25206361 PMCID: PMC4144008 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol intoxicated cells broadly alter their metabolites – among them methyl and acetic acid can alter the DNA and histone epigenetic codes. Together with the promiscuous effect of alcohol on enzyme activities (including DNA methyltransferases) and the downstream effect on microRNA and transposable elements, alcohol is well placed to affect intrinsic transcriptional programs of developing cells. Considering that the developmental consequences of early alcohol exposure so profoundly affect neural systems, it is not unfounded to reason that alcohol exploits transcriptional regulators to challenge canonical gene expression and in effect, intrinsic developmental pathways to achieve widespread damage in the developing nervous system. To fully evaluate the role of epigenetic regulation in alcohol-related developmental disease, it is important to first gather the targets of epigenetic players in neurodevelopmental models. Here, we attempt to review the cellular and genomic windows of opportunity for alcohol to act on intrinsic neurodevelopmental programs. We also discuss some established targets of fetal alcohol exposure and propose pathways for future study. Overall, this review hopes to illustrate the known epigenetic program and its alterations in normal neural stem cell development and further, aims to depict how alcohol, through neuroepigenetics, may lead to neurodevelopmental deficits observed in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Resendiz
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute Indianapolis, IN, USA ; Indiana Alcohol Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephen Mason
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chiao-Ling Lo
- Indiana Alcohol Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA ; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Feng C Zhou
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute Indianapolis, IN, USA ; Indiana Alcohol Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA ; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Darby MM, Sabunciyan S. Repetitive Elements and Epigenetic Marks in Behavior and Psychiatric Disease. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2014; 86:185-252. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800222-3.00009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
23
|
Bovetti S, Bonzano S, Garzotto D, Giannelli SG, Iannielli A, Armentano M, Studer M, De Marchis S. COUP-TFI controls activity-dependent tyrosine hydroxylase expression in adult dopaminergic olfactory bulb interneurons. Development 2013; 140:4850-9. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.089961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
COUP-TFI is an orphan nuclear receptor acting as a strong transcriptional regulator in different aspects of forebrain embryonic development. In this study, we investigated COUP-TFI expression and function in the mouse olfactory bulb (OB), a highly plastic telencephalic region in which continuous integration of newly generated inhibitory interneurons occurs throughout life. OB interneurons belong to different populations that originate from distinct progenitor lineages. Here, we show that COUP-TFI is highly expressed in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive dopaminergic interneurons in the adult OB glomerular layer (GL). We found that odour deprivation, which is known to downregulate TH expression in the OB, also downregulates COUP-TFI in dopaminergic cells, indicating a possible correlation between TH- and COUP-TFI-activity-dependent action. Moreover, we demonstrate that conditional inactivation of COUP-TFI in the EMX1 lineage results in a significant reduction of both TH and ZIF268 expression in the GL. Finally, lentiviral vector-mediated COUP-TFI deletion in adult-generated interneurons confirmed that COUP-TFI acts cell-autonomously in the control of TH and ZIF268 expression. These data indicate that COUP-TFI regulates TH expression in OB cells through an activity-dependent mechanism involving ZIF268 induction and strongly argue for a maintenance rather than establishment function of COUP-TFI in dopaminergic commitment. Our study reveals a previously unknown role for COUP-TFI in the adult brain as a key regulator in the control of sensory-dependent plasticity in olfactory dopaminergic neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Bovetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Bonzano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gerzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Donatella Garzotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Serena Gea Giannelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells, and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina28, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Iannielli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gerzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Maria Armentano
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gerzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Michèle Studer
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
- University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 28 Avenue Valrose, F-06108 Nice, France
- INSERM UMR 1091, Parc Valrose, 28 Avenue Valrose, F-06108 Nice, France
| | - Silvia De Marchis
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gerzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|