1
|
Carroll LM, Cheng RA, Wiedmann M, Kovac J. Keeping up with the Bacillus cereus group: taxonomy through the genomics era and beyond. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7677-7702. [PMID: 33939559 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1916735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Bacillus cereus group, also known as B. cereus sensu lato (s.l.), is a species complex that contains numerous closely related lineages, which vary in their ability to cause illness in humans and animals. The classification of B. cereus s.l. isolates into species-level taxonomic units is thus essential for informing public health and food safety efforts. However, taxonomic classification of these organisms is challenging. Numerous-often conflicting-taxonomic changes to the group have been proposed over the past two decades, making it difficult to remain up to date. In this review, we discuss the major nomenclatural changes that have accumulated in the B. cereus s.l. taxonomic space prior to 2020, particularly in the genomic sequencing era, and outline the resulting problems. We discuss several contemporary taxonomic frameworks as applied to B. cereus s.l., including (i) phenotypic, (ii) genomic, and (iii) hybrid nomenclatural frameworks, and we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each. We offer suggestions as to how readers can avoid B. cereus s.l. taxonomic ambiguities, regardless of the nomenclatural framework(s) they choose to employ. Finally, we discuss future directions and open problems in the B. cereus s.l. taxonomic realm, including those that cannot be solved by genomic approaches alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Carroll
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rachel A Cheng
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Martin Wiedmann
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jasna Kovac
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Genotypic Profiling of Bacillus cereus Recovered from Some Retail Foods in Ogun State, Nigeria, and Their Phylogenetic Relationship. Int J Microbiol 2020; 2020:3750948. [PMID: 33005193 PMCID: PMC7509558 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3750948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying Bacillus cereus with conventional methods is neither specific nor rapid because of the close relatedness of the B. cereus group, hence the need for molecular methods. Genotypic profiling of B. cereus isolates from food was obtained by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) using OPR13 primer. A dendrogram was drawn with the Numerical Taxonomy System of Statistic (NTSYS) software. Thirty of the isolates were subjected to molecular identification by 16S rDNA sequencing. The thirty sequences were deposited in GenBank for accession number. Phylogenetic relationship of the 16S rDNA sequence obtained was carried out with the Multiple Alignment using Fast Fourier Transform (MAFFT) software version 7.0. The evolutionary tree was drawn using the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA 6) software. The dendrogram generated for the RAPD profile showed that all the strains are closely related, with a similarity coefficient of 70%. The isolates were confirmed with 16S rDNA sequencing as B. cereus. The thirty sequences deposited in GenBank were given accession numbers: KX574760–KX574769, KX610811–KX610820, MT757957-MT757963, and MT772282-MT772284. By comparing the phylogenetic relationship, eleven of the strains did not cluster with the reference strains from the GenBank but form distinct clades, which means they are likely to be of different ancestors. Conventional methods rarely differentiate bacteria of the same species into clade, neither can it describe their ancestral lineage. Therefore, it is important to employ molecular methods in identifying bacteria to give detailed information about them.
Collapse
|
3
|
Rajkovic A, Jovanovic J, Monteiro S, Decleer M, Andjelkovic M, Foubert A, Beloglazova N, Tsilla V, Sas B, Madder A, De Saeger S, Uyttendaele M. Detection of toxins involved in foodborne diseases caused by Gram‐positive bacteria. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1605-1657. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Rajkovic
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Jelena Jovanovic
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Silvia Monteiro
- Laboratorio Analises, Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Marlies Decleer
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University Ghent Belgium
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Mirjana Andjelkovic
- Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer SafetyService for Chemical Residues and Contaminants Brussels Belgium
| | - Astrid Foubert
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Natalia Beloglazova
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
- Nanotechnology Education and Research CenterSouth Ural State University Chelyabinsk Russia
| | - Varvara Tsilla
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Benedikt Sas
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Laboratorium for Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Mieke Uyttendaele
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University Ghent Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rossi GAM, Aguilar CEG, Silva HO, Vidal AMC. Bacillus cereus group: genetic aspects related to food safety and dairy processing. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000232017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Bacillus cereus group includes not pathogenic and high pathogenic species. They are considered as a risk to public health due to foodborne diseases and as an important cause of economic losses to industries due to production of spoilage enzymes. Some researches have been performed in order to assess the possible factors that contribute to put public health into risk because of consumption of food contaminated with viable cells or toxins which have complex mechanisms of production. The control of these bacteria in food is difficult because they are resistant to several processes used in industries. Thus, in this way, this review focused on highlighting the risk due to toxins production by bacteria from B. cereus group in food and the consequences for food safety and dairy industries.
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Y, Ge W, Zhang J, Li X, Wu X, Li T, Zhang X, Wang X. Detection of Bacillus cereus sensu lato from environments associated with goat milk powdered infant formula production facilities. Int Dairy J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
6
|
Lepsanovic Z, Djordjevic V, Lakicevic B, Savic D, Velebit B, Josic D, Karabasil N. Detection of toxin genes and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA typing of Bacillus cereusisolates from infant milk formulas. J Food Saf 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zorica Lepsanovic
- Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Vesna Djordjevic
- Department of microbiological and molecular biology research; Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Brankica Lakicevic
- Department of microbiological and molecular biology research; Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Dejana Savic
- Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Branko Velebit
- Department of microbiological and molecular biology research; Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Dragana Josic
- Department of Microbiology, Genetic Laboratory; Institute of Soil Science; Belgrade Serbia
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Latham JR, Love M, Hilbeck A. The distinct properties of natural and GM cry insecticidal proteins. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2017; 33:62-96. [PMID: 28901209 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2017.1357295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Cry toxins are a family of crystal-forming proteins produced by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. Their mode of action is thought to be to create pores that disrupt the gut epithelial membranes of juvenile insects. These pores allow pathogen entry into the hemocoel, thereby killing the insect. Genes encoding a spectrum of Cry toxins, including Cry mutants, Cry chimaeras and other Cry derivatives, are used commercially to enhance insect resistance in genetically modified (GM) crops. In most countries of the world, such GM crops are regulated and must be assessed for human and environmental safety. However, such risk assessments often do not test the GM crop or its tissues directly. Instead, assessments rely primarily on historical information from naturally occurring Cry proteins and on data collected on Cry proteins (called 'surrogates') purified from laboratory strains of bacteria engineered to express Cry protein. However, neither surrogates nor naturally occurring Cry proteins are identical to the proteins to which humans or other nontarget organisms are exposed by the production and consumption of GM plants. To-date there has been no systematic survey of these differences. This review fills this knowledge gap with respect to the most commonly grown GM Cry-containing crops approved for international use. Having described the specific differences between natural, surrogate and GM Cry proteins this review assesses these differences for their potential to undermine the reliability of risk assessments. Lastly, we make specific recommendations for improving risk assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angelika Hilbeck
- c Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Institute of Integrative Biology , Universitätstrasse , Zurich , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Spanu C, Scarano C, Spanu V, Pala C, Casti D, Lamon S, Cossu F, Ibba M, Nieddu G, De Santis EP. Occurrence and behavior of Bacillus cereus in naturally contaminated ricotta salata cheese during refrigerated storage. Food Microbiol 2016; 58:135-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
9
|
A novel pentaplex real time (RT)- PCR high resolution melt curve assay for simultaneous detection of emetic and enterotoxin producing Bacillus cereus in food. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
10
|
Noor Uddin GM, Larsen MH, Christensen H, Aarestrup FM, Phu TM, Dalsgaard A. Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Probiotic Products Used in Shrimp Culture. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132338. [PMID: 26147573 PMCID: PMC4492959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are increasingly used in aquaculture to control diseases and improve feed digestion and pond water quality; however, little is known about the antimicrobial resistance properties of such probiotic bacteria and to what extent they may contribute to the development of bacterial resistance in aquaculture ponds. Concerns have been raised that the declared information on probiotic product labels are incorrect and information on bacterial composition are often missing. We therefore evaluated seven probiotics commonly used in Vietnamese shrimp culture for their bacterial species content, phenotypic antimicrobial resistance and associated transferable resistance genes. The bacterial species was established by 16S rRNA sequence analysis of 125 representative bacterial isolates. MIC testing was done for a range of antimicrobials and whole genome sequencing of six multiple antimicrobial resistant Bacillus spp. used to identify resistance genes and genetic elements associated with horizontal gene transfer. Thirteen bacterial species declared on the probiotic products could not be identified and 11 non-declared Bacillus spp. were identified. Although our culture-based isolation and identification may have missed a few bacterial species present in the tested products this would represent minor bias, but future studies may apply culture independent identification methods like pyro sequencing. Only 6/60 isolates were resistant to more than four antimicrobials and whole genome sequencing showed that they contained macrolide (ermD), tetracycline (tetL), phenicol (fexA) and trimethoprim (dfrD, dfrG and dfrK) resistance genes, but not known structures associated with horizontal gene transfer. Probiotic bacterial strains used in Vietnamese shrimp culture seem to contribute with very limited types and numbers of resistance genes compared to the naturally occurring bacterial species in aquaculture environments. Approval procedures of probiotic products must be strengthened through scientific-based efficacy trials and product labels should allow identification of individual bacterial strains and inform the farmer on specific purpose, dosage and correct application measures.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Aerococcus/drug effects
- Aerococcus/isolation & purification
- Animals
- Aquaculture
- Bacillus/classification
- Bacillus/drug effects
- Bacillus/genetics
- Bacillus/isolation & purification
- Bacteria/drug effects
- Bacteria/isolation & purification
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics
- Genes, Bacterial
- Klebsiella/drug effects
- Klebsiella/isolation & purification
- Penaeidae
- Phylogeny
- Probiotics
- R Factors/genetics
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Ribotyping
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Vietnam
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gazi Md. Noor Uddin
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Halberg Larsen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frank M. Aarestrup
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tran Minh Phu
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Dalsgaard
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim JB, Kim CW, Cho SH, No WS, Kim WJ. Proposal of statistical sampling plans for Bacillus cereus in Korean fermented soybean pastes. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
12
|
Doyle CJ, Gleeson D, Jordan K, Beresford TP, Ross RP, Fitzgerald GF, Cotter PD. Anaerobic sporeformers and their significance with respect to milk and dairy products. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 197:77-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
13
|
Singh AK, Sun X, Bai X, Kim H, Abdalhaseib MU, Bae E, Bhunia AK. Label-free, non-invasive light scattering sensor for rapid screening of Bacillus colonies. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 109:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Analysis of emetic toxin production by Bacillus species using cellular cytotoxicity, molecular, and chromatographic assays. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Kim CW, Cho SH, Kang SH, Park YB, Yoon MH, Lee JB, No WS, Kim JB. Prevalence, genetic diversity, and antibiotic resistance of Bacillus cereus isolated from Korean fermented soybean products. J Food Sci 2015; 80:M123-8. [PMID: 25472031 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus contamination is a major food safety problem for Korean fermented soybean products, but few studies have assessed its potential to cause foodborne illness. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of B. cereus isolated from Korean fermented soybean products. B. cereus was detected in 110 of 162 (67.9%) samples. The highest B. cereus frequency was observed in deonjang (68 of 93 samples, 73.1%) and cheonggukjang (18 of 25, 72.0%); however, nonhemolytic enterotoxin was detected only in 22 of 162 samples (13.6%). Although the tested B. cereus isolates showed diverse pulsotypes according to repetitive sequence-PCR banding patterns, they displayed similar antibiotic sensitivity spectra. The low frequency of enterotoxin detection suggests that the potential risk of B. cereus foodborne illness associated with Korean fermented soybean products is lower than generally presumed. However, considering the prevalence of B. cereus and the high content of fermented soybean products in the Korean diet, it is necessary to constantly monitor the level of contamination with B. cereus and its toxins in such Korean food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheol-Woo Kim
- Dept. of Food Science & Biotechnology, Dongguk Univ, 30, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Joong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Forghani F, Kim JB, Oh DH. Enterotoxigenic Profiling of Emetic Toxin- and Enterotoxin-ProducingBacillus cereus, Isolated from Food, Environmental, and Clinical Samples by Multiplex PCR. J Food Sci 2014; 79:M2288-93. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fereidoun Forghani
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology; School of Bio-convergence Science and Technology, Kangwon National Univ., Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea. Author Kim is with Div. of Health Research and Planning, Gyeonggi-do Research Inst. of Health and Environment, Suwon, Gyeonggi 440-290, Korea
| | - Jung-Beom Kim
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology; School of Bio-convergence Science and Technology, Kangwon National Univ., Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea. Author Kim is with Div. of Health Research and Planning, Gyeonggi-do Research Inst. of Health and Environment, Suwon, Gyeonggi 440-290, Korea
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology; School of Bio-convergence Science and Technology, Kangwon National Univ., Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea. Author Kim is with Div. of Health Research and Planning, Gyeonggi-do Research Inst. of Health and Environment, Suwon, Gyeonggi 440-290, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Reis ALS, Montanhini MTM, Bittencourt JVM, Destro MT, Bersot LS. Gene detection and toxin production evaluation of hemolysin BL of Bacillus cereus isolated from milk and dairy products marketed in Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2014; 44:1195-8. [PMID: 24688511 PMCID: PMC3958187 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus cereusis an ubiquitous, spore-forming bacteria that can survive pasteurization and the majority of the heating processes used in the dairy industry. Besides, it is a pathogen responsible for different types of food poisoning. One type of foodborne disease caused by B.cereusis the diarrheal syndrome, which is caused by the ingestion of vegetative cells producing toxins in the small intestine. One virulence factor for the diarrheal syndrome is the toxin hemolysin BL (HBL), a three-component protein formed by the L1, L2 and B components. In order to evaluate the presence of diarrheal strains isolated from milk and dairy products, 63 B. cereus isolates were obtained from 260 samples of UHT milk, pasteurized milk and powdered milk, sold in commercial establishments and from different brands. The isolates were subjected to the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the detection of the encoding genes for the L1, L2 and B components and the toxin production capacity were evaluated with an immunoassay. A total of 23 [36.5%] isolates were identified carrying simultaneously the three tested genes, from which, 20 [86.9%] showed toxigenic capacity. 26 [41.3%] isolates did not carry any of genes tested and the other 14 [22.2%] were positive for one or two of them. The results showed a high toxigenic capacity among the B. cereus isolates able to produce the HBL, indicating a potential risk for consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andre L S Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Maike T M Montanhini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana V M Bittencourt
- Laboratório de Bioengenharia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria T Destro
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano S Bersot
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim HJ, Baek SY, Lee N, Oh SW. Organic Acid Resistance and Toxin Gene Profiles of B. cereus
Isolated from Red Pepper Powder. J Food Saf 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute; Seongnam Gyeonggi 463-746 South Korea
| | - Seung-Youb Baek
- Korea Food Research Institute; Seongnam Gyeonggi 463-746 South Korea
| | - Nari Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute; Seongnam Gyeonggi 463-746 South Korea
| | - Se-Wook Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Kookmin University; Seoul South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Swiecicka I, Bartoszewicz M, Kasulyte-Creasey D, Drewnowska JM, Murawska E, Yernazarova A, Lukaszuk E, Mahillon J. Diversity of thermal ecotypes and potential pathotypes ofBacillus thuringiensissoil isolates. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2013; 85:262-72. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Swiecicka
- Department of Microbiology; University of Bialystok; Bialystok; Poland
| | | | | | | | - Emilia Murawska
- Department of Microbiology; University of Bialystok; Bialystok; Poland
| | | | - Edyta Lukaszuk
- Department of Plant Physiology; University of Bialystok; Bialystok; Poland
| | - Jacques Mahillon
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology; Université catholique de Louvain; Louvain-la-Neuve; Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Identification and genetic diversity of Bacillus cereus strains isolated from a pasteurized milk processing line in Algeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13594-012-0093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|