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Ruffini E, Bianchi Oltolini A, Magni M, Beretta G, Cavallaro M, Suriano R, Turri S. Crosslinked Polyesters as Fully Biobased Coatings with Cutin Monomer from Tomato Peel Wastes. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:682. [PMID: 38475363 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutin, one of the main structural components of tomato peels, is a waxy biopolymer rich in hydroxylated fatty acids. In this study, 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid (10,16-diHHDA) was extracted and isolated from tomato peels and exploited to develop fully crosslinked polyesters as potential candidates for replacing fossil-based metal protective coatings. A preliminary screening was conducted to select the base formulation, and then a design of experiments (DoE) was used as a methodology to identify the optimal composition to develop a suitable coating material. Different formulations containing 10,16-diHHDA and other biorefinery monomers, including 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, were considered. To this end, all polyesters were characterized through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and gel content measurements to determine their Tg value and crosslinking efficiency. Compositions exhibiting the best trade-off between Tg value, chemical resistance, and sufficiently high 10,16-diHHDA content between 39 and 48 wt.% were used to prepare model coatings that were characterized for assessing their wettability, scratch hardness, chemical resistance, and adhesion to metal substrates. These polyester coatings showed a Tg in the range of 45-55 °C, a hydrophobic behavior with a water contact angle of around 100°, a good solvent resistance (>100 MEK double rubs), and an adhesion strength to steel higher than 2 MPa. The results obtained confirmed the potential of cutin-based resins as coatings for metal protection, meeting the requirements for ensuring physicochemical properties of the final product, as well as for optimizing the valorization of such an abundant agri-food waste as tomato peels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Ruffini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianchi Oltolini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mirko Magni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Cavallaro
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Suriano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Turri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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2
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Hahladakis JN, Iacovidou E, Gerassimidou S. An overview of the occurrence, fate, and human risks of the bisphenol-A present in plastic materials, components, and products. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2023; 19:45-62. [PMID: 35362236 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With over 95% of bisphenol-A (BPA) used in the production of polycarbonate (PC) and epoxy resins, termed here as BPA-based plastic materials, components, and products (MCPs), an investigation of human exposure to BPA over the whole lifecycle of BPA-based plastic MCPs is necessary. This mini-review unpacks the implications arising from the long-term human exposure to BPA and its potential accumulation across the lifecycle of BPA-based plastics (production, use, and management). This investigation is timely and necessary in promoting a sustainable circular economy model. Restrictions of BPA in the form of bans and safety standards are often specific to products, while safety limits rely on traditional toxicological and biomonitoring methods that may underestimate human health implications and therefore the "safety" of BPA exposure. Controversies in regards to the: (a) dose-response curves; (b) the complexity of sources, release mechanisms, and pathways of exposure; and/or (c) the quality and reliability of toxicological studies, appear to currently stifle progress toward the regulation of BPA-based plastic MCPs. Due to the abundance of BPA in our MCPs production, consumption, and management systems, there is partial and inadequate evidence on the contribution of BPA-based plastic MCPs to human exposure to BPA. Yet, the production, use, and end-of-life management of plastic MCPs constitute the most critical BPA source and potential exposure pathways that require further investigation. Active collaboration among risk assessors, government, policy-makers, and researchers is needed to explore the impacts of BPA in the long term and introduce restrictions to BPA-based MCPs. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:45-62. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Hahladakis
- Waste Management (FEWS) Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eleni Iacovidou
- Sustainable Plastics Research Group (SPlasH), Brunel University London, London, UK
- Division of Environmental Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
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3
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Sharma P, Vishwakarma R, Varjani S, Gautam K, Gaur VK, Farooqui A, Sindhu R, Binod P, Awasthi MK, Chaturvedi P, Pandey A. Multi-omics approaches for remediation of bisphenol A: Toxicity, risk analysis, road blocks and research perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114198. [PMID: 36063912 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this "plastic era" with the increased use of plastic in day today's life the accumulation of its degraded products like microplastics or plastic additives such as Bisphenol A(BPA) is also increasing. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical used as a plasticizing agent in clear plastic, building materials, coatings, and epoxy resin. Several enzymes including laccases and lipases have been studied for the reduction of BPA toxicity. Over the decades of encountering these toxicants, microorganisms have evolved to degrade different classes of plastic additives. Since the degradation of BPA is a long process thus meta-omics approaches have been employed to identify the active microbiota and microbial dynamics involved in the mitigation of BPA. It is also necessary to investigate the impact of processing activities on transit of BPA in food items and to limit its entrance in food world. This review summarizes a comprehensive overview on BPA sources, toxicity, bio-based mitigation approaches along with a deeper understanding of multi-omics approaches for its reduction and risk analysis. Knowledge gaps and opportunities have been comprehensively compiled that would aid the state-of-the-art information in the available literature for the researchers to further address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226 026, India
| | - Reena Vishwakarma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226 026, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, 382 010, India.
| | - Krishna Gautam
- Centre of Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 021, India
| | - Vivek K Gaur
- Centre of Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 021, India; School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Alvina Farooqui
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226 026, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, 691 505, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Trivandrum, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A& F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Preeti Chaturvedi
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre of Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 021, India; Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248 007, India
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Morselli D, Cataldi P, Paul UC, Ceseracciu L, Benitez JJ, Scarpellini A, Guzman-Puyol S, Heredia A, Valentini P, Pompa PP, Marrero-López D, Athanassiou A, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Zinc Polyaleuritate Ionomer Coatings as a Sustainable, Alternative Technology for Bisphenol A-Free Metal Packaging. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:15484-15495. [PMID: 34840919 PMCID: PMC8611806 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable coatings for metal food packaging were prepared from ZnO nanoparticles (obtained by the thermal decomposition of zinc acetate) and a naturally occurring polyhydroxylated fatty acid named aleuritic (or 9,10,16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic) acid. Both components reacted, originating under specific conditions zinc polyaleuritate ionomers. The polymerization of aleuritic acid into polyaleuritate by a solvent-free, melt polycondensation reaction was investigated at different times (15, 30, 45, and 60 min), temperatures (140, 160, 180, and 200 °C), and proportions of zinc oxide and aleuritic acid (0:100, 5:95, 10:90, and 50:50, w/w). Kinetic rate constants calculated by infrared spectroscopy decreased with the amount of Zn due to the consumption of reactive carboxyl groups, while the activation energy of the polymerization decreased as a consequence of the catalyst effect of the metal. The adhesion and hardness of coatings were determined from scratch tests, obtaining values similar to robust polymers with high adherence. Water contact angles were typical of hydrophobic materials with values ≥94°. Both mechanical properties and wettability were better than those of bisphenol A (BPA)-based resins and most likely are related to the low migration values determined using a hydrophilic food simulant. The presence of zinc provided a certain degree of antibacterial properties. The performance of the coatings against corrosion was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at different immersion times in an aqueous solution of NaCl. Considering the features of these biobased lacquers, they can be potential materials for bisphenol A-free metal packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Morselli
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Cataldi
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via G. Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Uttam Chandra Paul
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Ceseracciu
- Materials
Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Jose Jesus Benitez
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad
de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio
49, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Alice Scarpellini
- Electron
Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Susana Guzman-Puyol
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Instituto
de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La
Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur, 49, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Departamento
de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea
“La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior
de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Paola Valentini
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostic, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostic, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - José Alejandro Heredia-Guerrero
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Instituto
de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La
Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur, 49, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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5
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John N, Rehman H, Razak S, David M, Ullah W, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Alam I, Jahan S. Comparative study of environmental pollutants bisphenol A and bisphenol S on sexual differentiation of anteroventral periventricular nucleus and spermatogenesis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2019; 17:53. [PMID: 31292004 PMCID: PMC6621953 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-019-0491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A is well known endocrine-disrupting chemical while Bisphenol S was considered a safe alternative. The present study aims to examine the comparative effects of xenobiotic bisphenol-A (BPA) and its substitute bisphenol-S (BPS) on spermatogenesis and development of sexually dimorphic nucleus population of dopaminergic neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) of the hypothalamus in male pups. METHODS Sprague Dawley rat's pups were administered subcutaneously at the neonatal stage from postnatal day PND1 to PND 27. Thirty animals were divided into six experimental groups (6 animals/group). The first group served as control and was provided with normal olive oil. The four groups were treated with 2 μg/kg and 200 μg/kg of BPA and BPS, respectively. The sixth group was given with 50 μg/kg of estradiol dissolved in olive oil as a standard to find the development of dopaminergic tyrosine hydroxylase neurons in AVPV regions. Histological analysis for testicular tissues and immunohistochemistry for brain tissues was performed. RESULTS The results revealed adverse histopathological changes in testis after administration of different doses of BPA and BPS. These degenerative changes were marked by highly significant (p < 0.001) decrease in tubular and luminal diameters of seminiferous tubule and epithelial height among bisphenols treated groups as compared to control. Furthermore, significantly increased (p < 0.001) TH-ir cell bodies in the AVPV region of the brain with 200 μg/kg dose of BPA and BPS was evident. CONCLUSION It is concluded that exposure of BPA and BPS during a critical developmental period can structural impairments in testes and affects sexual differentiation of a dimorphic dopaminergic population of AVPV region of hypothalamus in the male brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naham John
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Humaira Rehman
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Suhail Razak
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehwish David
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Waheed Ullah
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar Alam
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
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Zhang S, Yang X, Liu L, Zheng K, Ju M, Liu J. Bisphenol S Adsorption Behavior on Ferralsol and Biochar Modified Soil with Dissolved Organic Matter. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050764. [PMID: 30832410 PMCID: PMC6427365 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol S (BPs) has been found in a variety of common consumer products surrounding human living, despite the fact that it could damage the human digestive system and genital system. In China, straw-returning to the field is a common soil improvement technology used to increase the concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM), which plays an important role in the natural environment as a microreactor of contaminants. Additionally, the biochar obtained by the straw is an effective soil conditioner. DOM is a key influencing factor when biochar is employed as the conditioner of BPs contaminated soil. However, the BPs adsorption behavior on the Ferralsol affected by DOM and biochar is also unclear. Hence, DOM was prepared and the effect of DOM on the BPs adsorption behavior on soil and biochar modified soil was investigated. DOM was characterized by Elemental analysis, Fourier transforming infrared spectra (FT-IR), and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectra (3D-EEM). The results of the adsorption experiments indicated that both biochar and DOM could improve the BPs adsorption capacity in Ferralsol, while DOM suppressed the BPs adsorption capacity of biochar modified soil, indicating that DOM and BPs could not be applied at the same time for BPs adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiu Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Le Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Kui Zheng
- Analytical and Testing Center, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Meiting Ju
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Almeida S, Raposo A, Almeida-González M, Carrascosa C. Bisphenol A: Food Exposure and Impact on Human Health. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1503-1517. [PMID: 33350146 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial compound used extensively to produce synthetic polymers, such as epoxy resins, which are incorporated into the inner coating of metal cans, and also to manufacture polycarbonates with applications in bottles, including bottles of water. Several studies have reported on the transfer of this compound to food. Regarding human exposure to BPA, food intake can be considered the most serious among all the routes, not only because it potentially reaches more people in different age groups (including infants, an especially vulnerable group), but also because it inadvertently occurs over long time periods. BPA is considered an endocrine disruptor and several studies have proposed a relationship between exposure to BPA and the appearance of adverse health effects, such as cancer, infertility, diabetes, and obesity, among others. In 2015 however, the European Food Safety Authority concluded in its last scientific opinion that this compound does not pose any risk to the exposed population's health. Therefore, the EU regards BPA as an authorized product to be used as food contact material. Although BPA intake through food is apparently below the set limits, research into BPA and its potential negative effects is still ongoing. This review contains the most recent in vitro and in vivo studies on BPA toxicity and its harmful effects on health, and it intends to address human exposure to BPA, namely through dietary exposure and its impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Almeida
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Univ. Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Univ. Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maira Almeida-González
- Toxicology Unit, Research Inst. of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Univ. de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Conrado Carrascosa
- Dept. of Animal Pathology and Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Univ. de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña s/n, 35413, Arucas, Spain
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Poet T, Hays S. Extrapolation of plasma clearance to understand species differences in toxicokinetics of bisphenol A. Xenobiotica 2017; 48:891-897. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1379626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Torka Poet
- Summit Toxicology, L.L.P, Richland, WA, USA and
| | - Sean Hays
- Summit Toxicology, L.L.P, Bozeman, MT, USA
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Paseiro-Cerrato R, DeVries J, Begley TH. Evaluation of Short-Term and Long-Term Migration Testing from Can Coatings into Food Simulants: Epoxy and Acrylic-Phenolic Coatings. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2594-2602. [PMID: 28282124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, migration testing during 10 days at 40 °C has been considered sufficient and appropriate for simulating the potential migration of substances from food-contact materials into foods. However, some packages, such as food cans, may be stored holding food for extended time periods (years). This study attempts to verify whether common testing conditions accurately estimate long-term migration. Two types of can coatings, epoxy and acrylic-phenolic, were subjected to short-term and long-term migration testing (1 day-1.5 years) using food simulants (water, 3% acetic acid, 50% ethanol, and isooctane) at 40 °C. Using HPLC-DAD/CAD, HPLC-MS, UHPLC-HRMS (where HRMS is accurate mass, mass spectrometry), and DART-HRMS, we identified potential migrants before starting the experiment: BPA, BADGE, BADGE derivatives, benzoguanamine, and other relevant marker compounds. During the experiment using a water-based food simulant, migrants remained stable. Most of the cans in contact with 3% acetic acid did not survive the experimental conditions. Tracked migrants were not detected in isooctane. In the presence of 50% ethanol, the traditional migration test during 10 days at 40 °C did not predict migration during long-term storage. These results suggest that migration protocols should be modified to account for long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Paseiro-Cerrato
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Jonathan DeVries
- DeVries & Associates , 2261 105th Lane N.W., Coon Rapids, Minnesota 55433-4157, United States
| | - Timothy H Begley
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
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10
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Repossi A, Farabegoli F, Gazzotti T, Zironi E, Pagliuca G. Bisphenol A in Edible Part of Seafood. Ital J Food Saf 2016; 5:5666. [PMID: 27800447 PMCID: PMC5076740 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2016.5666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a man-made compound, mainly used as a monomer to produce polycarbonate (PC), epoxy resins, non-polymer additives to other plastics, which have many food related applications, such as food storage containers, tableware and internal coating of cans, as well as non-food applications such as electronic equipment, construction materials and medical devices. BPA exposure can occur when the residual monomer migrates into packaged food and beverages. Moreover, due to the ubiquitous presence of this compound, the general population can be exposed to environmental sources such as water, air and soil. Many studies have investigated the potential health hazards associated with BPA, which can elicit toxic and cancerogenic effects on humans. According to the European Food Safety Authority opinion, diet is considered to be the main source of exposure, especially canned food; moreover, among non-canned food, meat and fish products have the highest levels of BPA contamination. This review focuses on BPA contamination in seafood, analysing worldwide literature (from January 2010 to October 2015) on BPA contamination of edible parts. The authors try to identify differences between canned and non-canned seafood in literature, and gaps in the state of art. The data evaluated underline that all concentrations for both canned and non-canned seafood were below the specific migration limit set by the European Community Directive for BPA in food. Moreover, the canned seafood is more contaminated than the non-canned one.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Teresa Gazzotti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
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Identification of unknown compounds from polyester cans coatings that may potentially migrate into food or food simulants. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1444:106-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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ÖZCAN L, ALTUNTAS M, BÜYÜKSAGIS A, TÜRK H, YURDAKAL S. Electrochemical Determination of Bisphenol A with Pencil Graphite Electrodes Modified with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Fe(II) Phthalocyaninetetrasulfonates. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:881-6. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Levent ÖZCAN
- Biyomedikal Mühendisligi Bölümü, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
| | | | - Aysel BÜYÜKSAGIS
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
| | | | - Sedat YURDAKAL
- Kimya Bölümü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi
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Wang YQ, Zhang HM. Effects of bisphenol S on the structures and activities of trypsin and pepsin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:11303-11311. [PMID: 25369235 DOI: 10.1021/jf504347w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of bisphenol S on the structures and activities of trypsin and pepsin were investigated by various methods like UV-visible absorbance, fluorescence, circular dichroism, and molecular docking. The secondary and tertiary structures of trypsin and pepsin were altered by bisphenol S binding, which resulted in the loosening of the skeletons of trypsin and pepsin. In addition, bisphenol S induced microenvironmental changes around tyrosine and tryptophan residues of trypsin and pepsin. The activity experimental results showed that the activity of pepsin decreases obviously with the increasing concentration of BPS, while the activity of trypsin does not change remarkably. The binding and thermodynamic parameters obtained by molecular docking and fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the bindings of bisphenol S to trypsin and pepsin were spontaneous processes and hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions played a vital role in stabilizing the bisphenol S-trypsin and bisphenol S-pepsin complexes. The binding constants (K(A)) of bisphenol S with trypsin were 7.42 × 10(4) (298 K) and 5.91 × 10(4) L/mol (310 K), and those of pepsin were 5.78 × 10(4) (298 K) and 4.44 × 10(4) L/mol (310 K). Moreover, there was one main kind of binding site for bisphenol S on trypsin or pepsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qing Wang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University , Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province 224002, People's Republic of China
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Scherer LD, Maynard A, Dolinoy DC, Fagerlin A, Zikmund-Fisher BJ. The psychology of 'regrettable substitutions': Examining consumer judgements of Bisphenol A and its alternatives. HEALTH RISK & SOCIETY 2014; 16:649-666. [PMID: 29386966 DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2014.969687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A is a chemical used to make certain types of plastics and is found in numerous consumer products. Because scientific studies have raised concerns about Bisphenol A's potential impact on human health, it has been removed from some (but not all) products. What many consumers do not know, however, is that Bisphenol A is often replaced with other, less-studied chemicals whose health implications are virtually unknown. This type of situation is known as a potential 'regrettable substitution', because the substitute material might actually be worse than the material that it replaces. Regrettable substitutions are a common concern among policymakers, and they are a real-world manifestation of the tension that can exist between the desire to avoid risk (known possible consequences that might or might not occur) and ambiguity (second-order uncertainty), which is itself aversive. In this article we examine how people make such trade-offs using the example of Bisphenol A. Using data from Study 1, we show that people have inconsistent preferences toward these alternatives and that choice is largely determined by irrelevant contextual factors such as the order in which the alternatives are evaluated. Using data from Study 2 we further demonstrate that when people are informed of the presence of substitute chemicals, labeling the alternative product as 'free' of Bisphenol A causes them to be significantly more likely to choose the alternative despite its ambiguity. We discuss the relevance of these findings for extant psychological theories as well as their implications for risk, policy and health communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Scherer
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Andrew Maynard
- Risk Science Center, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Columbia, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Dana C Dolinoy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Angela Fagerlin
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, USA.,Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Brian J Zikmund-Fisher
- Risk Science Center, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Columbia, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, USA.,Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.,Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
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15
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Auxietre TA, Dumontier MF, Balguy I, Frapart Y, Canivenc-Lavier MC, Berges R, Boudalia S, Auger J, Corvol MT, Savouret JF. Sub-NOAEL amounts of vinclozolin and xenoestrogens target rat chondrogenesis in vivo. Biochimie 2014; 99:169-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lakind JS, Goodman M, Mattison DR. Bisphenol A and indicators of obesity, glucose metabolism/type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of epidemiologic research. Crit Rev Toxicol 2014; 44:121-50. [PMID: 24392816 DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2013.860075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bisphenol A (BPA), a high-volume chemical with weak estrogenic properties, has been linked to obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). This review evaluates both the consistency and the quality of epidemiological evidence from studies testing the hypothesis that BPA exposure is a risk factor for these health outcomes. METHODS We followed the current methodological guidelines for systematic reviews by using two independent researchers to identify, review and summarize the relevant epidemiological literature on the relation of BPA to obesity, CVD, DM, or related biomarkers. Each paper was summarized with respect to its methods and results with particular attention to study design and exposure assessment, which have been cited as the main areas of weakness in BPA epidemiologic research. As quantitative meta-analysis was not feasible, the study results were categorized qualitatively as positive, inverse, null, or mixed. RESULTS Nearly all studies on BPA and obesity-, DM- or CVD-related health outcomes used a cross-sectional design and relied on a single measure of BPA exposure, which may result in serious exposure misclassification. For all outcomes, results across studies were inconsistent. Although several studies used the same data and the same or similar statistical methods, when the methods varied slightly, even studies that used the same data produced different results. CONCLUSION Epidemiological study design issues severely limit our understanding of health effects associated with BPA exposure. Considering the methodological limitations of the existing body of epidemiology literature, assertions about a causal link between BPA and obesity, DM, or CVD are unsubstantiated.
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Boudalia S, Berges R, Chabanet C, Folia M, Decocq L, Pasquis B, Abdennebi-Najar L, Canivenc-Lavier MC. A multi-generational study on low-dose BPA exposure in Wistar rats: effects on maternal behavior, flavor intake and development. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2013; 41:16-26. [PMID: 24269606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common endocrine disruptor found as an environmental and food contaminant. It exerts both developmental and behavioral effects, mainly when exposure occurs in early life. The aim of this study was to determine the multi-generational effects of chronic, human-relevant low-dose exposure to BPA on development, maternal behavior and flavor preference in Wistar rats. BPA was orally administered at a daily dose of 5 μg/kg body weight to F0 pregnant dams from the first day of gestation (GD 1) until the last day of lactation (LD 21), and then to F1 offspring from weaning (PND 21) to adulthood (PND 100). F2 offspring were not exposed. Development and clinical signs of toxicity were assessed daily. Maternal behavior was evaluated by observing nursing and pup-caring actions, as well as "non-maternal" behaviors in F0 and F1 dams from parturition until LD 8. The flavor preferences of F1 and F2 offspring were evaluated based on the intake of sweet, salt and fat solutions using the two-bottle choice test on PND 21-34 and PND 86-99. BPA exposure: 1) decreased maternal behavior in F1 dams, 2) caused developmental defects in both F1 and F2 offspring, with a noticeable decrease in anogenital distance in male rats, and 3) did not affect flavored solution intake in F1, but induced changes in sweet preference in F2 juveniles and in salt and fat solution intakes in F2 adults, and 4) induced a body weight increase in the F2 generation only, whereas food intake and water consumption did not change. Taken as a whole, our findings showed that both gestational (F0) and lifelong (F1) exposures to a human-relevant dose of BPA could induce multi-generational effects on both development and behavior. These results suggest possible selective neuroendocrine defects and/or epigenetic changes caused by BPA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Boudalia
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Raymond Berges
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Claire Chabanet
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mireille Folia
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Decocq
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Bruno Pasquis
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, 21000 Dijon, France.
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Functional UDP-glucuronyltransferase 2B15 polymorphism and bisphenol A concentrations in blood: results from physiologically based kinetic modelling. Arch Toxicol 2013; 87:1257-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Introduction to Organic Contaminants in Soil: Concepts and Risks. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2012_208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Braniste V, Houdeau E. L’intestin – une nouvelle cible des perturbateurs endocriniens. CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cnd.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kasper-Sonnenberg M, Wittsiepe J, Koch HM, Fromme H, Wilhelm M. Determination of bisphenol a in urine from mother-child pairs-results from the duisburg birth cohort study, Germany. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2012; 75:429-437. [PMID: 22686302 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2012.674907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) may alter endocrine functions, and human exposure is widespread. In the Duisburg birth cohort study the influence of several contaminants was examined on the neuropsychological and pubertal development of children. This study reports the biomonitoring results on BPA within the 6-yr follow-up study (children's age 6-8 yr). Total BPA and free (unconjugated) BPA concentrations in 208 urine samples of 104 mother-child pairs were measured. For quality control, total BPA was analyzed by two independent laboratories. BPA was detected in all urine samples, while free BPA was observed above the limit of quantification (LOQ) in only 33 samples. Total BPA concentrations were significantly associated between the two laboratories. BPA concentrations (median; range) tended to be higher in children than in mothers but the difference was not significant. Total BPA levels in children and mothers correlated at low levels but significantly to each other. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed positive associations between creatinine and the BPA concentrations and a negative association with German nationality (mothers only). Evidence indicates that BPA exposure is omnipresent but levels in mother-child pairs are low. Only small amounts (less than 16%) were detectable as free (unconjugated) BPA. Analytical reliability is high even at such low levels, provided that external contamination is minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kasper-Sonnenberg
- Department of Hygiene, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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