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Berry TA, Belluso E, Vigliaturo R, Gieré R, Emmett EA, Testa JR, Steinhorn G, Wallis SL. Asbestos and Other Hazardous Fibrous Minerals: Potential Exposure Pathways and Associated Health Risks. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:4031. [PMID: 35409711 PMCID: PMC8998304 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
There are six elongate mineral particles (EMPs) corresponding to specific dimensional and morphological criteria, known as asbestos. Responsible for health issues including asbestosis, and malignant mesothelioma, asbestos has been well researched. Despite this, significant exposure continues to occur throughout the world, potentially affecting 125 million people in the workplace and causing thousands of deaths annually from exposure in homes. However, there are other EMPS, such as fibrous/asbestiform erionite, that are classified as carcinogens and have been linked to cancers in areas where it has been incorporated into local building materials or released into the environment through earthmoving activities. Erionite is a more potent carcinogen than asbestos but as it is seldom used for commercial purposes, exposure pathways have been less well studied. Despite the apparent similarities between asbestos and fibrous erionite, their health risks and exposure pathways are quite different. This article examines the hazards presented by EMPs with a particular focus on fibrous erionite. It includes a discussion of the global locations of erionite and similar hazardous minerals, a comparison of the multiple exposure pathways for asbestos and fibrous erionite, a brief discussion of the confusing nomenclature associated with EMPs, and considerations of increasing global mesothelioma cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri-Ann Berry
- Environmental Solutions Research Centre, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland 1025, New Zealand; (T.-A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Elena Belluso
- Department of Earth Sciences and Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy; (E.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Ruggero Vigliaturo
- Department of Earth Sciences and Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy; (E.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Reto Gieré
- Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Edward A. Emmett
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Joseph R. Testa
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA;
| | - Gregor Steinhorn
- Environmental Solutions Research Centre, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland 1025, New Zealand; (T.-A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Shannon L. Wallis
- Environmental Solutions Research Centre, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland 1025, New Zealand; (T.-A.B.); (G.S.)
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Moitra S, Farshchi Tabrizi A, Idrissi Machichi K, Kamravaei S, Miandashti N, Henderson L, Mukherjee M, Khadour F, Naseem MT, Lacy P, Melenka L. Non-Malignant Respiratory Illnesses in Association with Occupational Exposure to Asbestos and Other Insulating Materials: Findings from the Alberta Insulator Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197085. [PMID: 32998195 PMCID: PMC7579178 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Many insulating materials are used in construction, although few have been reported to cause non-malignant respiratory illnesses. We aimed to investigate associations between exposures to insulating materials and non-malignant respiratory illnesses in insulators. In this cross-sectional study, 990 insulators (45 ± 14 years) were screened from 2011-2017 in Alberta. All participants underwent pulmonary function tests and chest radiography. Demographics, work history, and history of chest infections were obtained through questionnaires. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was diagnosed according to established guidelines. Associations between exposures and respiratory illnesses were assessed by modified Poisson regression. Of those screened, 875 (88%) were males. 457 (46%) participants reported having ≥ 1 chest infection in the past 3 years, while 156 (16%) were diagnosed with COPD. In multivariate models, all materials (asbestos, calcium silicate, carbon fibers, fiberglass, and refractory ceramic fibers) except aerogels and mineral fibers were associated with recurrent chest infections (prevalence ratio [PR] range: 1.18-1.42). Only asbestos was associated with COPD (PR: 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 2.05). Therefore, occupational exposure to insulating materials was associated with non-malignant respiratory illnesses, specifically, recurrent chest infections and COPD. Longitudinal studies are urgently needed to assess the risk of exposure to these newly implemented insulation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhabrata Moitra
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (S.M.); (A.F.T.); (K.I.M.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (L.M.)
| | - Ali Farshchi Tabrizi
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (S.M.); (A.F.T.); (K.I.M.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (L.M.)
| | - Kawtar Idrissi Machichi
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (S.M.); (A.F.T.); (K.I.M.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (L.M.)
| | - Samineh Kamravaei
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (S.M.); (A.F.T.); (K.I.M.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (L.M.)
| | - Noushin Miandashti
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (S.M.); (A.F.T.); (K.I.M.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (L.M.)
| | - Linda Henderson
- Synergy Respiratory & Cardiac Care, Sherwood Park, AB T8H 0N2, Canada; (L.H.); (F.K.); (M.T.N.)
| | - Manali Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University & Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada;
| | - Fadi Khadour
- Synergy Respiratory & Cardiac Care, Sherwood Park, AB T8H 0N2, Canada; (L.H.); (F.K.); (M.T.N.)
| | - Muhammad T. Naseem
- Synergy Respiratory & Cardiac Care, Sherwood Park, AB T8H 0N2, Canada; (L.H.); (F.K.); (M.T.N.)
| | - Paige Lacy
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (S.M.); (A.F.T.); (K.I.M.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-492-6085
| | - Lyle Melenka
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; (S.M.); (A.F.T.); (K.I.M.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (L.M.)
- Synergy Respiratory & Cardiac Care, Sherwood Park, AB T8H 0N2, Canada; (L.H.); (F.K.); (M.T.N.)
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Miller A, Loewen GM, Szeinuk J. Follow-Up of the Libby, Montana Screening Cohort: A 17-Year Mortality Study: Likely Underestimation of Nonmalignant Asbestos-Related Disease. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 62:e233-e234. [PMID: 32398507 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Miller
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, The Barry Commoner Center for Health and the Environment, Queens College, CUNY, Flushing, New York
| | - Gregory M Loewen
- The Center for Asbestos Related Disease, Libby, Montana, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Arnold Ogden Medical Center, Elmira, New York
| | - Jaime Szeinuk
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology, and Prevention, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, New York
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Pfau JC, McNew T, Hanley K, Swan L, Black B. Autoimmune markers for progression of Libby amphibole lamellar pleural thickening. Inhal Toxicol 2019; 31:409-419. [PMID: 31814459 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2019.1699616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to Libby Asbestiform Amphibole (LAA) is associated with asbestos-related diseases, including mesothelioma, pulmonary carcinoma, pleural fibrosis, and systemic autoimmune diseases. The pleural fibrosis can manifest as a rapidly progressing lamellar pleural thickening (LPT), which causes thoracic pain, dyspnea, and worsening pulmonary function tests (PFT). It is refractory to treatment and frequently fatal.Objective: Because of the immune dysfunction that has been described in the LAA-exposed population and the association of pleural manifestations with the presence of autoantibodies, this study tested whether specific immunological factors were associated with progressive LPT and whether they could be used as markers of progressive disease.Methods: Subjects were placed into three study groups defined as (1) progressive LPT, (2) stable LPT, (3) no LPT. Serum samples were tested for antinuclear autoantibodies, mesothelial cell autoantibodies, anti-plasminogen antibodies, IL1 beta, and IL17; which have all been shown to be elevated in mice and/or humans exposed to LAA.Results: Group 1 had significantly higher mean values for all of the autoantibodies, but not IL1 or IL-17, compared to the control Group 3. All three autoantibody tests had high specificity but low sensitivity, but ROC area-under-the-curve values for all three antibodies were over 0.7, statistically higher than a test with no value. When all LPT subjects were combined (Progressive plus Stable), no marker had predictive value for disease.Conclusion: The data support the hypothesis that progressive LPT is associated with immunological findings that may serve as an initial screen for progressive LPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean C Pfau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Tracy McNew
- Center for Asbestos Related Diseases, Libby, MT, USA
| | | | - Lindsay Swan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Brad Black
- Center for Asbestos Related Diseases, Libby, MT, USA
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Carbone M, Adusumilli PS, Alexander HR, Baas P, Bardelli F, Bononi A, Bueno R, Felley-Bosco E, Galateau-Salle F, Jablons D, Mansfield AS, Minaai M, de Perrot M, Pesavento P, Rusch V, Severson DT, Taioli E, Tsao A, Woodard G, Yang H, Zauderer MG, Pass HI. Mesothelioma: Scientific clues for prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. CA Cancer J Clin 2019; 69:402-429. [PMID: 31283845 PMCID: PMC8192079 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesothelioma affects mostly older individuals who have been occupationally exposed to asbestos. The global mesothelioma incidence and mortality rates are unknown, because data are not available from developing countries that continue to use large amounts of asbestos. The incidence rate of mesothelioma has decreased in Australia, the United States, and Western Europe, where the use of asbestos was banned or strictly regulated in the 1970s and 1980s, demonstrating the value of these preventive measures. However, in these same countries, the overall number of deaths from mesothelioma has not decreased as the size of the population and the percentage of old people have increased. Moreover, hotspots of mesothelioma may occur when carcinogenic fibers that are present in the environment are disturbed as rural areas are being developed. Novel immunohistochemical and molecular markers have improved the accuracy of diagnosis; however, about 14% (high-resource countries) to 50% (developing countries) of mesothelioma diagnoses are incorrect, resulting in inadequate treatment and complicating epidemiological studies. The discovery that germline BRCA1-asssociated protein 1 (BAP1) mutations cause mesothelioma and other cancers (BAP1 cancer syndrome) elucidated some of the key pathogenic mechanisms, and treatments targeting these molecular mechanisms and/or modulating the immune response are being tested. The role of surgery in pleural mesothelioma is controversial as it is difficult to predict who will benefit from aggressive management, even when local therapies are added to existing or novel systemic treatments. Treatment outcomes are improving, however, for peritoneal mesothelioma. Multidisciplinary international collaboration will be necessary to improve prevention, early detection, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Carbone
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Prasad S. Adusumilli
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - H. Richard Alexander
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Paul Baas
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fabrizio Bardelli
- National Research Council Institute of Nanotechnology, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Bononi
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Raphael Bueno
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emanuela Felley-Bosco
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - David Jablons
- Thoracic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Michael Minaai
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Marc de Perrot
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Pesavento
- Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology Laboratory, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Valerie Rusch
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David T. Severson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emanuela Taioli
- Translational Epidemiology and Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Anne Tsao
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Thoracic and Head/Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gavitt Woodard
- Thoracic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Haining Yang
- Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | | | - Harvey I. Pass
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
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Santarelli L, Gaetani S, Monaco F, Bracci M, Valentino M, Amati M, Rubini C, Sabbatini A, Pasquini E, Zanotta N, Comar M, Neuzil J, Tomasetti M, Bovenzi M. Four-miRNA Signature to Identify Asbestos-Related Lung Malignancies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 28:119-126. [PMID: 30257964 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered miRNA expression is an early event upon exposure to occupational/environmental carcinogens; thus, identification of a novel asbestos-related profile of miRNAs able to distinguish asbestos-induced cancer from cancer with different etiology can be useful for diagnosis. We therefore performed a study to identify miRNAs associated with asbestos-induced malignancies. METHODS Four groups of patients were included in the study, including patients with asbestos-related (NSCLCAsb) and asbestos-unrelated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), and disease-free subjects (CTRL). The selected miRNAs were evaluated in asbestos-exposed population. RESULTS Four serum miRNAs, that is miR-126, miR-205, miR-222, and miR-520g, were found to be implicated in asbestos-related malignant diseases. Notably, increased expression of miR-126 and miR-222 were found in asbestos-exposed subjects, and both miRNAs are involved in major pathways linked to cancer development. Epigenetic changes and cancer-stroma cross-talk could induce repression of miR-126 to facilitate tumor formation, angiogenesis, and invasion. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that miRNAs are potentially involved in asbestos-related malignancies, and their expression outlines mechanism(s) whereby miRNAs may be involved in an asbestos-induced pathogenesis. IMPACT The discovery of a miRNA panel for asbestos-related malignancies would impact on occupational compensation and may be utilized for screening asbestos-exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lory Santarelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Section of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Simona Gaetani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Section of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Monaco
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Section of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Section of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Matteo Valentino
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Section of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Amati
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Section of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Anatomical Pathology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Ernesto Pasquini
- ENT Metropolitan Unit, Bellaria Hospital, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Mitochondria, Apoptosis and Cancer Research Group, School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.,Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marco Tomasetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Section of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy. .,International Society of Doctors for the Environment (ISDE), Arezzo, Italy
| | - Massimo Bovenzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Diegel R, Black B, Pfau JC, McNew T, Noonan C, Flores R. Case series: rheumatological manifestations attributed to exposure to Libby Asbestiform Amphiboles. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:734-747. [PMID: 29927712 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1485124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED An increased risk for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (SAID) has been reported in Libby, Montana, where extensive exposures to fibrous amphiboles occurred due to mining and use of asbestos-laden vermiculite. In addition, positive antinuclear autoantibody tests are associated with exposure to Libby Asbestiform Amphiboles (LAA) in both humans and mice. Among 6603 subjects who underwent health screening at the Center for Asbestos Related Diseases (CARD, Libby MT), 13.8% were diagnosed with an autoimmune disease, with prevalence values for the most common SAID being significantly higher than expected in the United States. Among the CARD screening population, serological and clinical profiles are diverse, representing symptoms and autoantibodies reflective of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, and other rheumatic syndromes, including undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD). Based upon screening of medical records by physicians with rheumatology expertise, the evolving nature of rheumatological disease in these patients is often atypical, with mixed diagnostic criteria and with a 1:1 male-to-female ratio. Through the Libby Epidemiology Research Program, cases were identified that illustrate clinical autoimmune outcomes with LAA exposure. Our goal was to better characterize SAID in Libby, MT in order to improve recognition of autoimmune outcomes associated with this exposure. In view of recent discoveries of widespread exposure to fibrous minerals in several areas of the U.S. and globally, it is critical to evaluate rheumatologic manifestations in other cohorts so that screening, surveillance, and diagnostic procedures are able to detect and recognize potential autoimmune outcomes of asbestos exposure. ABBREVIATIONS ANA, antinuclear autoantibody; ARD, Asbestos-Related Diseases; ATSDR, Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; CARD, Center for Asbestos Related Diseases; CCP, Cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody; CREST, limited cutaneous form of scleroderma; CT, computed tomography; DIP, Distal Interphalangeal Joint; DLCO, Diffusing Capacity of the Lung for CO2; DMARD, Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs; ENA, Extractable Nuclear Antigen antibodies; FVC, Forced Vital Capacity; LAA, Libby Asbestiform Amphiboles; LERP, Libby Epidemiology Research Program; MCP, Metacarpal Phalangeal Joint; PIP, Proximal Interphalangeal Joint; PIP, rheumatoid arthritis; RV, Residual Volume; SAID, Systemic autoimmune diseases; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SSc, Systemic Sclerosis; TLC, Total Lung Capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brad Black
- b Center for Asbestos Related Diseases , Libby , MT
| | - Jean C Pfau
- c Department of Microbiology and Immunology , Montana State University , Bozeman , MT
| | - Tracy McNew
- b Center for Asbestos Related Diseases , Libby , MT
| | - Curtis Noonan
- d Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Montana , Missoula , MT
| | - Raja Flores
- e Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai , New York NY
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