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Koryukov MA, Oscorbin IP, Novikova LM, Gordukova MA, Turina IE, Galeeva EV, Kudlay DA, Filipenko ML. A Novel Multiplex LAMP Assay for the Detection of Respiratory Human Adenoviruses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7215. [PMID: 39000322 PMCID: PMC11241107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are common pathogens that are associated with a variety of diseases, including respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Without reliable, fast, and cost-effective detection methods for HAdVs, patients may be misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated. To address this problem, we have developed a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of the species Human adenovirus B (HAdV-B), Human adenovirus C (HAdV-C) and Human adenovirus E (HAdV-E) that cause RTIs. This multiplexing approach is based on the melting curve analysis of the amplicons with a specific melting temperature for each HAdV species. Without the need for typing of HAdVs, the LAMP results can be visually detected using colorimetric analysis. The assay reliably detects at least 375 copies of HAdV-B and -C and 750 copies of HAdV-E DNA per reaction in less than 35 min at 60 °C. The designed primers have no in silico cross-reactivity with other human respiratory pathogens. Validation on 331 nasal swab samples taken from patients with RTIs showed a 90-94% agreement rate with our in-house multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. Concordance between the quantitative and visual LAMP was 99%. The novel multiplexed LAMP could be an alternative to PCR for diagnostic purposes, saving personnel and equipment time, or could be used for point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim A. Koryukov
- The Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (M.A.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Igor P. Oscorbin
- The Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (M.A.K.)
| | - Lidiya M. Novikova
- The Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (M.A.K.)
| | - Maria A. Gordukova
- G. Speransky Children’s Hospital No. 9, 29 Shmitovsky Prospect, Moscow 123317, Russia
| | - Irina E. Turina
- Department of Natural Sciences, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Pogodinskaya St. 1, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elena V. Galeeva
- G. Speransky Children’s Hospital No. 9, 29 Shmitovsky Prospect, Moscow 123317, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Kudlay
- Department of Natural Sciences, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Pogodinskaya St. 1, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Maxim L. Filipenko
- The Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (M.A.K.)
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Kawase M, Suwa R, Sugimoto S, Kakizaki M, Kume Y, Chishiki M, Ono T, Okabe H, Norito S, Ujike M, Hosoya M, Hashimoto K, Shirato K. Evidence of the simultaneous replications of active viruses in specimens positive for multiple respiratory viruses. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0192023. [PMID: 38051050 PMCID: PMC10783086 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01920-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Since the pandemic of coronavirus diseases 2019, the use of real-time PCR assay has become widespread among people who were not familiar with it in virus detection. As a result, whether a high real-time PCR value in one time test indicates virus transmissibly became a complicated social problem, regardless of the difference in assays and/or amplification conditions, the time and number of diagnostic test during the time course of infection. In addition, the multiple positives in the test of respiratory viruses further add to the confusion in the interpretation of the infection. To address this issue, we performed virus isolation using pediatric SARI (severe acute respiratory infections) specimens on air-liquid interface culture of human bronchial/tracheal epithelial cell culture. The result of this study can be a strong evidence that the specimens showing positivity for multiple agents in real-time PCR tests possibly contain infectious viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Kawase
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Suwa
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Sugimoto
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kakizaki
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Kume
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mina Chishiki
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hisao Okabe
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Sakurako Norito
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Makoto Ujike
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Hosoya
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Hashimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shirato
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
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Saha R, Majumdar A, Chaudhuri RD, Chatterjee A, Lo M, Dutta S, Chawla-Sarkar M. Molecular epidemiology of circulating human adenoviruses among acute respiratory infection patients seeking healthcare facilities in West Bengal, India. Virology 2023; 588:109912. [PMID: 37913611 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) causes acute respiratory infections leading to mortality in children. This study analyzes the circulating respiratory HAdV genotypes in West Bengal, India during 2018-2022 among symptomatic patients. The overall positivity rate was 6.8%, out of which 26.4% were co-infected with other respiratory viruses. Children aged 2 to 5 years were mostly infected. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the recombinant HAdV-B type 7/3, which has remarkable outbreak potential, predominantly circulated in this region followed by the non-recombinant HAdV-B type 3/3. Moreover, the amino acid sequences encoded by both the hexon and fiber genes of these two circulating strains possessed a few mutations that mostly diverged from the prototype strain, although the divergence was less pronounced in case of the amino acids encoded by the fiber gene of HAdV-B type 3/3. Overall, the results underscore the need for continuous surveillance of respiratory HAdV types to combat future possible epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritubrita Saha
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Agniva Majumdar
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ratul Datta Chaudhuri
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananya Chatterjee
- Regional Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahadeb Lo
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Regional Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Abdullah O, Fall A, Forman M, Howard C, Klein E, Mostafa HH. Respiratory Adenovirus Quantification with a Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (ddPCR) Assay. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0026923. [PMID: 37070988 PMCID: PMC10269445 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00269-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are double-stranded DNA viruses that can cause a wide spectrum of disease, including respiratory infections. Little is known about the value of respiratory HAdV quantification and its correlation with disease severity. In this study, we developed a quantitative HAdV droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay to study the association between viral loads, circulating types, and clinical outcomes. Remnant respiratory specimens positive for HAdV after the standard of care testing were collected from December 2020 to April 2022. A total of 129 samples were tested by a ddPCR method. Typing was performed using Nanopore sequencing of the hexon gene hypervariable region. Clinical chart reviews were performed to correlate the viral loads with the disease severity. The ddPCR assay showed an analytical sensitivity and a lower limit of quantification below 100 copies/mL. Of 129 positive clinical samples, 100 were quantified by ddPCR, 7 were too concentrated to be quantified, and 22 were negative. Of the 22 false negatives, only 3 were successfully typed; however, 99 of the 107 positive samples had a characterized genotype. The main HAdV types identified in this cohort were C1 (49.5%) followed by C2 (34.3%). No significant difference in HAdV loads was noted between patients who were admitted, those who required supplemental oxygen, and outpatients or between different HAdV types. HAdV ddPCR is a reliable absolute quantification approach for HAdV from respiratory samples. HAdV loads at initial presentation does not appear to differ between patients who require hospitalization versus outpatients. IMPORTANCE Measuring viral load using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is an absolute quantification approach that can facilitate comparability between different laboratories. This approach could prove valuable in studies that focus on the clinical utility of quantification. In this study, we evaluate a human adenovirus (HAdV) ddPCR assay and study the relationship between viral loads and outcomes after HAdV respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Abdullah
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Amary Fall
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Forman
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Craig Howard
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eili Klein
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics, and Policy, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Heba H. Mostafa
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Zheng R, Chen D, Su J, Lai J, Wang C, Chen H, Ning Z, Liu X, Tian X, Li Y, Zhu B. Inhibition of HAdV-14 induced apoptosis by selenocystine through ROS-mediated PARP and p53 signaling pathways. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127213. [PMID: 37244045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Adenovirus (HAdV) can cause severe respiratory symptoms in people with low immunity and there is no targeted treatment for adenovirus infection. Anti-adenoviral drugs have high clinical significance for inhibiting adenovirus infection. Selenium (Se) plays an important role in anti-oxidation, redox signal transduction, and redox homeostasis. The excellent biological activity of Se is mainly achieved by being converted into selenocystine (SeC). Se participates in the active sites of various selenoproteins in the form of SeC. The ability of SeC to resist the virus has raised high awareness due to its unique antioxidative activity in recent years. The antiviral ability of the SeC was determined by detecting the infection rate of the virus in the cells. METHODS The experiment mainly investigated the antiviral mechanism of SeC by locating the virus in the cell, detecting the generation of ROS, observing the DNA status of the cell, and monitoring the mitochondrial membrane potential. RESULTS In the present study, SeC was designed to resist A549 cells infections caused by HAdV-14. SeC could prevent HAdV-14 from causing cell apoptosis-related to DNA damage. SeC significantly inhibited ROS generation and protect the cells from oxidative damage induced by ROS against HAdV-14. SeC induced the increase of antiviral cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8 by activating the Jak2 signaling pathway, and repaired DNA lesions by suppressing ATR, p53, and PARP signaling pathways. CONCLUSION SeC might provide an effective selenium species with antiviral properties for the therapies against HAdV-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Zheng
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Danyang Chen
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyao Su
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Lai
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Haitian Chen
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihui Ning
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bing Zhu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China.
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Peng L, Liu S, Xie T, Li Y, Yang Z, Chen Y, Deng L, Huang H, Ding X, Chen M, Lin L, Wei S, Zhong L. Construction and analysis of a nomogram prediction model for post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans in children with adenovirus pneumonia after invasive mechanical ventilation. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:81. [PMID: 36797693 PMCID: PMC9933386 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is the most common sequelae in children with adenovirus pneumonia (ADVP). However, there are few studies on the risk factors for PIBO occurrence. This study aims to investigate the risk factors for PIBO in pediatric patients with severe ADVP, especially after invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), as well as to build a nomogram prediction model. METHODS The clinical data, laboratory and imaging features, and treatment of 863 children with ADVP under 3 years old who were admitted to our hospital from January to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 66 children with severe ADVP received IMV treatment. The situation and the influencing factors of PIBO in children with severe ADVP were explored, and a nomogram prediction model was constructed. RESULTS Among the 863 cases of ADVP, 46 cases (5.33%) developed PIBO. Duration of fever, IMV, complications, and neutrophil percentage were independent risk factors for PIBO in children with ADVP. Among the 66 patients with ADVP who underwent IMV, 33 patients (50.0%) developed PIBO. Gender, duration of fever, adenovirus (ADV) load, and mixed fungal coinfections were independent risk factors for PIBO. In the nomogram prediction model analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.857; in addition, Hosmer‒Lemeshow (H-L) detection reflected good alignment (χ2 = 68.75, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS A nomogram prediction model, which can be utilized to predict PIBO occurrence in pediatric patients with ADVP after IMV at an early time period, was successfully built.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Silan Liu
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Xie
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuojie Yang
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqi Chen
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangji Deng
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Huang
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Ding
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Lin
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sangzi Wei
- grid.477407.70000 0004 1806 9292Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Pediatric Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Fu-Rong District, 61 Jie-Fang West Road, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China.
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Predictive Value of Adenoviral Load for Bronchial Mucus Plugs Formation in Children with Adenovirus Pneumonia. Can Respir J 2022; 2022:9595184. [PMID: 35979256 PMCID: PMC9377942 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9595184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The study aimed to explore risk factors for bronchial mucus plugs (BMP) formation in children with adenovirus (AdV) pneumonia. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted on children with AdV pneumonia who underwent bronchoscopy from January 2019 to December 2019. Children were divided into the BMP group and the control group, depending on whether BMP was formed or not. The clinical information and treatment proposals of the two groups of children were counted and analyzed via multiple logistic regression analysis, ROC curve analysis, and correlation analysis. Results. Among 453 patients with AdV pneumonia, 185 (40.84%) were in the BMP group. Among all the cases, there were 188 patients with a single AdV infection, including 64 (34.04%) in the BMP group and 124 (65.96%) in the control group. The incidence of dyspnea, poor spirits, mixed infections, and other symptoms in the BMP group was higher than in the control group. Children in the BMP group had a longer heat range. C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer (DD), and AdV load levels were higher in the MBP group. AdV load, Mycoplasma coinfection, DD, heat range, and LDH were independent risk factors for BMP, among which AdV load was the most significant (AUC = 0.819). AdV load was positively correlated with other risk factors, respectively. AdV load and heat range were independent risk factors for BMP patients with a single AdV infection. Conclusion. AdV load might have important clinical value in predicting BMP development in AdV pneumonia.
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Isik P, Harbiyeli II, Ozturk G, Erdem E, Yagmur M, Yarkin F. The relationship between clinical findings and viral load in Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis. Jpn J Infect Dis 2022; 75:592-596. [PMID: 35908877 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2022.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between clinical findings and viral load in adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis (Ad-Kc). In this cross-sectional study, 30 eyes of 30 patients with Ad-Kc were enrolled. The real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect and quantify adenovirus in all samples. The patient groups were divided into three subgroups according to baseline viral loads (<107, 107-108, >108 HAdV copies/ml). The follow-up duration, HAdV DNA copy number, treatment regimen, and detailed clinical findings including uncorrected visual acuity, eyelid edema, conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis, follicular reaction, corneal involvement, conjunctival pseudomembrane, and subepithelial infiltrates (SEIs) were recorded. The study showed that a high initial viral load was associated with the development of SEIs and pseudomembrane formation (p<0.05). Clinical findings and ocular complications of Ad-Kc were found similar in treatment groups at the final visit (p>0.05). Our results showed that a high initial viral load in Ad-Kc may be predictive of inflammatory sequelae. Determination of the initial viral load in Ad-Kc may be helpful to better understand the clinical course of the disease and prevent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puren Isik
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Inan Harbiyeli
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Ozturk
- Virology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Turkey
| | - Elif Erdem
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Turkey
| | - Meltem Yagmur
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Cukurova University, Turkey
| | - Fugen Yarkin
- Virology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Turkey
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Tian H, He B, Yin Y, Liu L, Shi J, Hu L, Jiang G. Chemical Nature of Metals and Metal-Based Materials in Inactivation of Viruses. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142345. [PMID: 35889570 PMCID: PMC9323642 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In response to the enormous threat to human survival and development caused by the large number of viruses, it is necessary to strengthen the defense against and elimination of viruses. Metallic materials have been used against viruses for thousands of years due to their broad-spectrum antiviral properties, wide sources and excellent physicochemical properties; in particular, metal nanoparticles have advanced biomedical research. However, researchers in different fields hold dissimilar views on the antiviral mechanisms, which has slowed down the antiviral application of metal nanoparticles. As such, this review begins with an exhaustive compilation of previously published work on the antiviral capacity of metal nanoparticles and other materials. Afterwards, the discussion is centered on the antiviral mechanisms of metal nanoparticles at the biological and physicochemical levels. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the strong reducibility of metal nanoparticles may be the main reason for their efficient inactivation of viruses. We hope that this review will benefit the promotion of metal nanoparticles in the antiviral field and expedite the construction of a barrier between humans and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China; (H.T.); (B.H.); (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (J.S.); (G.J.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China; (H.T.); (B.H.); (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (J.S.); (G.J.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yongguang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China; (H.T.); (B.H.); (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (J.S.); (G.J.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Lihong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China; (H.T.); (B.H.); (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (J.S.); (G.J.)
| | - Jianbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China; (H.T.); (B.H.); (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (J.S.); (G.J.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China; (H.T.); (B.H.); (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (J.S.); (G.J.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Correspondence: author:
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China; (H.T.); (B.H.); (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (J.S.); (G.J.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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10
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Obermeier PE, Heim A, Biere B, Hage E, Alchikh M, Conrad T, Schweiger B, Rath BA. Linking digital surveillance and in-depth virology to study clinical patterns of viral respiratory infections in vulnerable patient populations. iScience 2022; 25:104276. [PMID: 35573195 PMCID: PMC9092969 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the identification and management of viral respiratory infections, we established a clinical and virologic surveillance program for pediatric patients fulfilling pre-defined case criteria of influenza-like illness and viral respiratory infections. The program resulted in a cohort comprising 6,073 patients (56% male, median age 1.6 years, range 0–18.8 years), where every patient was assessed with a validated disease severity score at the point-of-care using the ViVI ScoreApp. We used machine learning and agnostic feature selection to identify characteristic clinical patterns. We tested all patients for human adenoviruses, 571 (9%) were positive. Adenovirus infections were particularly common and mild in children ≥1 month of age but rare and potentially severe in neonates: with lower airway involvement, disseminated disease, and a 50% mortality rate (n = 2/4). In one fatal case, we discovered a novel virus: HAdV-80. Standardized surveillance leveraging digital technology helps to identify characteristic clinical patterns, risk factors, and emerging pathogens. We used mobile health technology to enable clinical pattern recognition The ViVI ScoreApp provided precision data for cross-cohort meta-analysis Neonates with adenovirus infection are at risk of severe or fatal disease outcomes In one neonate with disseminated disease, we found a new adenovirus: HAdV-D80
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E. Obermeier
- Vienna Vaccine Safety Initiative, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Berlin, Germany
- Charité University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Berlin, Germany
- UMR Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Albert Heim
- National Reference Laboratory for Adenoviruses, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Barbara Biere
- National Reference Centre for Influenza, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elias Hage
- National Reference Laboratory for Adenoviruses, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren Alchikh
- Vienna Vaccine Safety Initiative, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Berlin, Germany
- Charité University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Berlin, Germany
- UMR Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Tim Conrad
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brunhilde Schweiger
- National Reference Centre for Influenza, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara A. Rath
- Vienna Vaccine Safety Initiative, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Berlin, Germany
- Charité University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Berlin, Germany
- UMR Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Corresponding author
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11
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Analysis of Common Respiratory Infected Pathogens in 3100 Children after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:1094-1098. [PMID: 36184728 PMCID: PMC9527073 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2635-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the epidemiological features in children after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods This study collected throat swabs and serum samples from hospitalized pediatric patients of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, China before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Respiratory infected pathogens [adenovirus (ADV), influenza virus A/B (Flu A/B), parainfluenza virus 1/2/3 (PIV1/2/3), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), and Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP)] were detected. The pathogens, age, and gender were used to analyze the epidemiological features in children after the COVID-19 pandemic. Results The pathogen detection rate was significantly higher in females than in males (P<0.05), and the infection of PIV1 and MP was mainly manifested. After the COVID-19 pandemic, PIV1, PIV3, RSV, and MP had statistically different detection rates among the age groups (P<0.05), and was mainly detected in patients aged 0–6 years, 0–3 years, 0–3 years, and 1–6 years, respectively. When comparing before the COVID-19 pandemic, the total detection rate of common respiratory pathogens was lower (P<0.05). Except for the increase in the detection rate of PIV1 and CP, the infection rate of other pathogens had almost decreased. Conclusion The prevention and control measures for the COVID-19 pandemic effectively changed the epidemiological features of common respiratory tract infectious diseases in pediatric children.
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12
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Xie LY, Zeng SZ, Yu T, Hu X, Wang T, Yang L, Zhong LL, Li JS, Duan ZJ, Zhang B. Viral loads in nasopharyngeal aspirates and tracheal aspirates among children hospitalized with invasive ventilation for human adenovirus pneumonia. Virol J 2021; 18:238. [PMID: 34847913 PMCID: PMC8638111 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate viral loads in children with human adenovirus (HAdV) pneumonia at different stages of disease and compare the viral load between upper and lower respiratory tract samples. Methods We prospectively enrolled children who required invasive ventilation for HAdV pneumonia. Nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) and tracheal aspirate (TA) samples were collected throughout the entire period of invasive ventilation. Viral detection and quantification were performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Ninety-four children were enrolled. The median age of the children was 12.0 months (IQR: 11.0–24.0), and > ninety percent of patients were aged between 6 and 59 months. Seven hundred and nine paired NPA-TA samples were collected. The median viral loads of the NPA and TA samples were 7.31 log10 and 7.50 log10 copies/mL, respectively. Viral loads generally decreased steadily over time. The median viral load after 1, 2, 3, and > 3 weeks of the disease course was 8.65, 7.70, 6.69, and 5.09 log10 copies/mL, respectively, in NPA samples and 8.67, 7.79, 7.08, and 5.53 log10 copies/mL, respectively, in TA samples. Viral load showed a significant negative correlation with time since symptom onset in both NPA samples (Spearman r = − 0.607, P = 0.000) and TA samples (Spearman r = − 0.544, P = 0.000). The predicted duration of HAdV shedding was 60.17 days in the NPA group and 65.81 days in the TA group. Viral loads in NPA and TA from the same subjects correlated well with each other (R2 = 0.694). HAdV loads in NPA and TA were most comparable during the early phase of infection (95% limits of agreement, − 1.36 to 1.30 log10 copies/mL, R2 = 0.746). Variation increased during the late phase of infection (i.e., in follow-up samples), with viral loads remaining significantly higher in TA than NPA. Conclusions In children with HAdV pneumonia, viral loads in both NPA and TA steadily decreased during the course of the disease, and the predicted duration of viral shedding was more than 2 months. The HAdV DNA load of NPA is highly correlated with that of TA, especially in the initial phase of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Yun Xie
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), 61 Jie-Fang west road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Sai-Zhen Zeng
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), 61 Jie-Fang west road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, China. .,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Changsha, 410005, China.
| | - Tian Yu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), 61 Jie-Fang west road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Xian Hu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), 61 Jie-Fang west road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), 61 Jie-Fang west road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Le Yang
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), 61 Jie-Fang west road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Li-Li Zhong
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), 61 Jie-Fang west road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Jin-Song Li
- MOH Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Duan
- MOH Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), 61 Jie-Fang west road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, China. .,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Changsha, 410005, China.
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13
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Wang X, Wang D, Umar S, Qin S, Ling Q, Gray GC, Liu Y. Molecular typing of human adenoviruses among hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections in a tertiary Hospital in Guangzhou, China between 2017 and 2019. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:748. [PMID: 34344310 PMCID: PMC8330471 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human Adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause a wide array of illnesses in all age groups. They particularly cause frequent morbidity among children. In China, human adenovirus types 3, 4, 7, 11, 14, 21, and 55 have caused at least seven outbreaks since 2000. However, limited studies are available regarding the epidemiological patterns and diversity of HAdVs types among hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Methods To understand the epidemiology and subtype distribution of HAdV infections associated with RTIs in China, nasal swab (NS) clinical samples were collected from 4129 patients in a Guangzhou hospital between August 2017 and October 2019. PCR, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis were performed on these specimens to identify HAdV subtypes. Results HAdV was successfully sequenced in 99 (2.4%) of the 4129 NS specimens, with the highest HAdV prevalence (6.3%) found in children between the ages of 5 and 10 years. Among HAdV-positive specimens, the most prevalent genotypes identified were HAdV-B3 (55.6%) and HAdV-B7 (25.3%). The most common symptoms in the HAdV-infected patients were fever (100%), cough (80.8%), and rhinorrhea (71.8%). HAdV infections were detected throughout the year with a relatively higher prevalence in summer. Conclusion All ages suffer adenovirus infections, but young children are at the greatest risk. This study data demonstrates that at least three species of HAdVs (species B, C, and E) are circulating in Guangzhou City, China. As antiviral therapies and type-specific vaccines become available, such epidemiological data will be useful in guiding therapy and public health interventions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06412-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinye Wang
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dawei Wang
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sajid Umar
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Sheng Qin
- Laboratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Ling
- Laboratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gregory C Gray
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China. .,Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University, School of Medicine, DUMC Box 102359, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. .,Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yuntao Liu
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, China.
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14
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García-Espinoza JD, Robles I, Durán-Moreno A, Godínez LA. Photo-assisted electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for the disinfection of aqueous solutions: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129957. [PMID: 33979920 PMCID: PMC8121763 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection is usually the final step in water treatment and its effectiveness is of paramount importance in ensuring public health. Chlorination, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and ozone (O3) are currently the most common methods for water disinfection; however, the generation of toxic by-products and the non-remnant effect of UV and O3 still constitute major drawbacks. Photo-assisted electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) on the other hand, appear as a potentially effective option for water disinfection. In these processes, the synergism between electrochemically produced active species and photo-generated radicals, improve their performance when compared with the corresponding separate processes and with other physical or chemical approaches. In photo-assisted EAOPs the inactivation of pathogens takes place by means of mechanisms that occur at different distances from the anode, that is: (i) directly at the electrode's surface (direct oxidation), (ii) at the anode's vicinity by means of electrochemically generated hydroxyl radical species (quasi-direct), (iii) or at the bulk solution (away from the electrode surface) by photo-electrogenerated active species (indirect oxidation). This review addresses state of the art reports concerning the inactivation of pathogens in water by means of photo-assisted EAOPs such as photo-electrocatalytic process, photo-assisted electrochemical oxidation, photo-electrocoagulation and cathodic processes. By focusing on the oxidation mechanism, it was found that while quasi-direct oxidation is the preponderant inactivation mechanism, the photo-electrocatalytic process using semiconductor materials is the most studied method as revealed by numerous reports in the literature. Advantages, disadvantages, trends and perspectives for water disinfection in photo-assisted EAOPs are also analyzed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Daniel García-Espinoza
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, Parque Tecnológico Querétaro Sanfandila, 76703, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Irma Robles
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, Parque Tecnológico Querétaro Sanfandila, 76703, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro, Mexico
| | | | - Luis A Godínez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, Parque Tecnológico Querétaro Sanfandila, 76703, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro, Mexico.
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15
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Mardian Y, Menur Naysilla A, Lokida D, Farida H, Aman AT, Karyana M, Lukman N, Kosasih H, Kline A, Lau CY. Approach to Identifying Causative Pathogens of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children Using Culture, Molecular, and Serology Tests. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:629318. [PMID: 34123961 PMCID: PMC8193353 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.629318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Determining the causative pathogen(s) of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children remains a challenge despite advances in diagnostic methods. Currently available guidelines generally recommend empiric antimicrobial therapy when the specific etiology is unknown. However, shifts in epidemiology, emergence of new pathogens, and increasing antimicrobial resistance underscore the importance of identifying causative pathogen(s). Although viral CAP among children is increasingly recognized, distinguishing viral from bacterial etiologies remains difficult. Obtaining high quality samples from infected lung tissue is typically the limiting factor. Additionally, interpretation of results from routinely collected specimens (blood, sputum, and nasopharyngeal swabs) is complicated by bacterial colonization and prolonged shedding of incidental respiratory viruses. Using current literature on assessment of CAP causes in children, we developed an approach for identifying the most likely causative pathogen(s) using blood and sputum culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and paired serology. Our proposed rules do not rely on carriage prevalence data from controls. We herein share our perspective in order to help clinicians and researchers classify and manage childhood pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mardian
- Indonesia Research Partnership on Infectious Disease, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Dewi Lokida
- Tangerang District Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Helmia Farida
- Dr. Kariadi Hospital/Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Abu Tholib Aman
- Dr. Sardjito Hospital/Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Karyana
- Indonesia Research Partnership on Infectious Disease, Jakarta, Indonesia
- National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nurhayati Lukman
- Indonesia Research Partnership on Infectious Disease, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herman Kosasih
- Indonesia Research Partnership on Infectious Disease, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ahnika Kline
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Chuen-Yen Lau
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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