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Al Khatib I, Chembakath JJ, Ndiaye M. Benchmarking Sweden's Digitalization Transformation Strategy-Is It a Good Fit for the UAE? Telemed J E Health 2024. [PMID: 38916743 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2024.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The ongoing revolution in health care, driven by wearable technology, virtual reality, and the Internet of Things, is reshaping both health care operations and our daily lives. This digital transformation ensures broader access to health care options, fosters patient-centered care and affects both health care institutions and individuals. In Sweden, health care is undergoing a digital shift, with initiatives like personal health management, remote monitoring, and virtual care enhancing patient involvement. This article reviews Sweden's health care digital transformation and compares it with the United Arab Emirates (UAE's) initiatives to assess viability. Methods: Using systematic literature review methods, databases from 2011 to 2023 were searched, supplemented by reference lists. Results: Database searches identified 761 records. A total of 480 articles were screened on basis of title and abstract, yielding 184 that were assessed for eligibility, leading to 40 academic studies to be included and 12 grey literature. Conclusions: The findings highlight Sweden's success in empowering patients through enhanced connectivity with clinical teams, knowledge sharing, and care management. However, due to contextual differences, the UAE should not blindly replicate Sweden's strategy. In conclusion, Sweden's efforts have positively engaged patients in health care, but challenges such as emerging technologies, demographic shifts, and budget constraints persist. Proactive planning and adaptation are crucial, with lessons applicable to the UAE market. Establishing a clear regulatory framework for digital care is imperative for future resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas Al Khatib
- College of Industrial Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Junu Jahana Chembakath
- College of Industrial Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Malick Ndiaye
- College of Industrial Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Gosavi AA, Nandgude TD, Mishra RK, Puri DB. Exploring the Potential of Artificial Intelligence as a Facilitating Tool for Formulation Development in Fluidized Bed Processor: a Comprehensive Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:111. [PMID: 38740666 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This in-depth study looks into how artificial intelligence (AI) could be used to make formulation development easier in fluidized bed processes (FBP). FBP is complex and involves numerous variables, making optimization challenging. Various AI techniques have addressed this challenge, including machine learning, neural networks, genetic algorithms, and fuzzy logic. By integrating AI with experimental design, process modeling, and optimization strategies, intelligent systems for FBP can be developed. The advantages of AI in this context include improved process understanding, reduced time and cost, enhanced product quality, and robust formulation optimization. However, data availability, model interpretability, and regulatory compliance challenges must be addressed. Case studies demonstrate successful applications of AI in decision-making, process outcome prediction, and scale-up. AI can improve efficiency, quality, and cost-effectiveness in significant ways. Still, it is important to think carefully about data quality, how easy it is to understand, and how to follow the rules. Future research should focus on fully harnessing the potential of AI to advance formulation development in FBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aachal A Gosavi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Tanaji D Nandgude
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSPM University's School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wagholi, Pune, India
| | - Rakesh K Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India.
| | - Dhiraj B Puri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Sancoale, Goa, India
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3
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Albiol-Perarnau M, Alarcón Belmonte I. [Blockchain in health: Transforming security and clinical data management]. Aten Primaria 2024; 56:102848. [PMID: 38228052 PMCID: PMC10803907 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2023.102848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Technological advances continue to transform society, including the health sector. The decentralized and verifiable nature of blockchain technology presents great potential for addressing current challenges in healthcare data management. DISCUSSION This article reports on how the generalized adoption of blockchain faces important challenges and barriers that must be addressed, such as the lack of regulation, technical complexity, safeguarding privacy, and economic and technological costs. Collaboration between medical professionals, technologists and legislators is essential to establish a solid regulatory framework and adequate training. CONCLUSION Blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize data management in the healthcare sector, improving the quality of medical care, empowering users, and promoting the secure sharing of data, but an important cultural change is needed, along with more evidence, to reveal its advantages in front of the existing technological alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Albiol-Perarnau
- Grup de Salut Digital CAMFiC, Barcelona, España; Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Gerència Territorial Metropolitana Sud, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, España.
| | - Iris Alarcón Belmonte
- Grup de Salut Digital CAMFiC, Barcelona, España; Servei d'Atenció Primària Dreta i Muntanya, Gerència Territorial Barcelona ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, España
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4
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Muniappan S, Jeyaraman M, Yadav S, Jeyaraman N, Muthu S, Ramasubramanian S, Patro BP. Applications of Blockchain-Based Technology for Healthcare Devices Post-market Surveillance. Cureus 2024; 16:e57881. [PMID: 38725738 PMCID: PMC11079575 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The volume of data analysis for medical device post-market surveillance (PMS) has increased dramatically in recent years. It is the more stringent and intricate regulatory criteria of the health authorities that are meant to improve the medical device safety review. As regulators scrutinize device safety more closely, proactive approaches to PMS processes are becoming crucial. To solve some of the issues brought on by this shifting regulatory landscape, new technologies have been investigated. This study envisages the technical features of blockchain technology (BCT) and its role in enhancing the PMS for medical devices. To address the aforementioned challenges, our model involves the establishment of a secure, permissioned blockchain for PMS data management, utilizing a proof-of-authority consensus mechanism. This blockchain framework will exclusively permit a carefully vetted and designated set of participants to validate transactions and record them in the PMS data ledger. The utilization of BCT holds the potential to introduce enhanced efficiency and provide several advantages to the various stakeholders involved in the PMS procedure, including its potential to support emerging regulatory efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarna Muniappan
- Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Clinical Research, Viriginia Tech India, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
- Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, IND
| | - Sankalp Yadav
- Medicine, Shri Madan Lal Khurana Chest Clinic, New Delhi, IND
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Karur Medical College, Karur, IND
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, IND
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, IND
| | | | - Bishnu P Patro
- Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND
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5
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Turlip R, Ghenbot Y, Chen C, Ahmad HS, Chauhan D, McCloskey K, Yoon JW. In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding "Virtual and Augmented Reality in Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review". World Neurosurg 2024; 181:206. [PMID: 38229288 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Turlip
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yohannes Ghenbot
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Caitlyn Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hasan S Ahmad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daksh Chauhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyle McCloskey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jang W Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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6
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Sharma M. Implication and challenges of mobile health and blockchain technology for remote patient monitoring. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:1432-1434. [PMID: 38162873 PMCID: PMC10757307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manik Sharma
- Department of CSA, DAV University Jalandhar, India
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7
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Skalidis I, Muller O, Fournier S. CardioVerse: The cardiovascular medicine in the era of Metaverse. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2023; 33:471-476. [PMID: 35568263 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The recent pandemic launched an acceleration in adopting telemedicine by cardiovascular health and triggered the flourishing of technological advancements, such as the metaverse, which is a novel interactive mix of digital worlds that leverages augmented reality with virtual reality. The CardioVerse represents a theoretical term for the embracement of the metaverse by cardiovascular medicine, encompassing the endless possibilities as well as the challenges that it holds and introduces new dimensions to disease education, prevention and diagnosis. Its applications are numerous, notably in enhancing medical visits, assisting cardiovascular interventions and reshaping the way medical education is provided. Although obstacles are expected in diverse domains such as security, technical, legislative and regulatory, the utilization of non-fungible tokens as a security asset for patient data appears as potential solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Skalidis
- Department of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.
| | - Olivier Muller
- Department of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephane Fournier
- Department of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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8
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Hiwale M, Walambe R, Potdar V, Kotecha K. A systematic review of privacy-preserving methods deployed with blockchain and federated learning for the telemedicine. HEALTHCARE ANALYTICS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 3:100192. [PMID: 37223223 PMCID: PMC10160179 DOI: 10.1016/j.health.2023.100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The unexpected and rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has amplified the acceptance of remote healthcare systems such as telemedicine. Telemedicine effectively provides remote communication, better treatment recommendation, and personalized treatment on demand. It has emerged as the possible future of medicine. From a privacy perspective, secure storage, preservation, and controlled access to health data with consent are the main challenges to the effective deployment of telemedicine. It is paramount to fully overcome these challenges to integrate the telemedicine system into healthcare. In this regard, emerging technologies such as blockchain and federated learning have enormous potential to strengthen the telemedicine system. These technologies help enhance the overall healthcare standard when applied in an integrated way. The primary aim of this study is to perform a systematic literature review of previous research on privacy-preserving methods deployed with blockchain and federated learning for telemedicine. This study provides an in-depth qualitative analysis of relevant studies based on the architecture, privacy mechanisms, and machine learning methods used for data storage, access, and analytics. The survey allows the integration of blockchain and federated learning technologies with suitable privacy techniques to design a secure, trustworthy, and accurate telemedicine model with a privacy guarantee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Hiwale
- Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
| | - Rahee Walambe
- Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
- Symbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence (SCAAI), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
| | - Vidyasagar Potdar
- Blockchain R&D Lab, School of Management and Marketing, Curtin University, Perth 6107, Australia
| | - Ketan Kotecha
- Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
- Symbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence (SCAAI), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
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9
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Elkhodr M, Gide E, Darwish O, Al-Eidi S. BioChainReward: A Secure and Incentivised Blockchain Framework for Biomedical Data Sharing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6825. [PMID: 37835095 PMCID: PMC10572599 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20196825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In the era of digital healthcare, biomedical data sharing is of paramount importance for the advancement of research and personalised healthcare. However, sharing such data while preserving user privacy and ensuring data security poses significant challenges. This paper introduces BioChainReward (BCR), a blockchain-based framework designed to address these concerns. BCR offers enhanced security, privacy, and incentivisation for data sharing in biomedical applications. Its architecture consists of four distinct layers: data, blockchain, smart contract, and application. The data layer handles the encryption and decryption of data, while the blockchain layer manages data hashing and retrieval. The smart contract layer includes an AI-enabled privacy-preservation sublayer that dynamically selects an appropriate privacy technique, tailored to the nature and purpose of each data request. This layer also features a feedback and incentive mechanism that incentivises patients to share their data by offering rewards. Lastly, the application layer serves as an interface for diverse applications, such as AI-enabled apps and data analysis tools, to access and utilise the shared data. Hence, BCR presents a robust, comprehensive approach to secure, privacy-aware, and incentivised data sharing in the biomedical domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elkhodr
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
| | - Ergun Gide
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
| | - Omar Darwish
- Information Security and Applied Computing Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA;
| | - Shorouq Al-Eidi
- Computer Science Department, Tafila Technical University, Tafila 66110, Jordan;
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10
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Wu TC, Ho CTB. Blockchain Revolutionizing in Emergency Medicine: A Scoping Review of Patient Journey through the ED. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2497. [PMID: 37761695 PMCID: PMC10530815 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blockchain technology has revolutionized the healthcare sector, including emergency medicine, by integrating AI, machine learning, and big data, thereby transforming traditional healthcare practices. The increasing utilization and accumulation of personal health data also raises concerns about security and privacy, particularly within emergency medical settings. METHOD Our review focused on articles published in databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and Medline, discussing the revolutionary impact of blockchain technology within the context of the patient journey through the ED. RESULTS A total of 33 publications met our inclusion criteria. The findings emphasize that blockchain technology primarily finds its applications in data sharing and documentation. The pre-hospital and post-discharge applications stand out as distinctive features compared to other disciplines. Among various platforms, Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric emerge as the most frequently utilized options, while Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Authority (PoA) stand out as the most commonly employed consensus algorithms in this emergency care domain. The ED journey map and two scenarios are presented, exemplifying the most distinctive applications of emergency medicine, and illustrating the potential of blockchain. Challenges such as interoperability, scalability, security, access control, and cost could potentially arise in emergency medical contexts, depending on the specific scenarios. CONCLUSION Our study examines the ongoing research on blockchain technology, highlighting its current influence and potential future advancements in optimizing emergency medical services. This approach empowers frontline medical professionals to validate their practices and recognize the transformative potential of blockchain in emergency medical care, ultimately benefiting both patients and healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chi Wu
- Institute of Technology Management, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500009, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ta Bruce Ho
- Institute of Technology Management, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
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11
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Anik FI, Sakib N, Shahriar H, Xie Y, Nahiyan HA, Ahamed SI. Unraveling a blockchain-based framework towards patient empowerment: A scoping review envisioning future smart health technologies. SMART HEALTH (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 29:100401. [PMID: 37200573 PMCID: PMC10102703 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhl.2023.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic shows us how crucial patient empowerment can be in the healthcare ecosystem. Now, we know that scientific advancement, technology integration, and patient empowerment need to be orchestrated to realize future smart health technologies. In that effort, this paper unravels the Good (advantages), Bad (challenges/limitations), and Ugly (lacking patient empowerment) of the blockchain technology integration in the Electronic Health Record (EHR) paradigm in the existing healthcare landscape. Our study addresses four methodically-tailored and patient-centric Research Questions, primarily examining 138 relevant scientific papers. This scoping review also explores how the pervasiveness of blockchain technology can help to empower patients in terms of access, awareness, and control. Finally, this scoping review leverages the insights gleaned from this study and contributes to the body of knowledge by proposing a patient-centric blockchain-based framework. This work will envision orchestrating three essential elements with harmony: scientific advancement (Healthcare and EHR), technology integration (Blockchain Technology), and patient empowerment (access, awareness, and control).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Islam Anik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Nazmus Sakib
- Department of Information Technology, Kennesaw State University, GA, USA
| | - Hossain Shahriar
- Department of Information Technology, Kennesaw State University, GA, USA
| | - Yixin Xie
- Department of Information Technology, Kennesaw State University, GA, USA
| | - Helal An Nahiyan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
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12
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Chung SY. Delivery of healthcare and healthcare education in the digital era and beyond: opportunities and considerations. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2023; 29:153-159. [PMID: 37813659 PMCID: PMC10565527 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2023.09.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Yoon Chung
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, WI, USA
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13
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Esmaeilzadeh P, Mirzaei T. Role of Incentives in the Use of Blockchain-Based Platforms for Sharing Sensitive Health Data: Experimental Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e41805. [PMID: 37594783 PMCID: PMC10474518 DOI: 10.2196/41805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blockchain is an emerging technology that enables secure and decentralized approaches to reduce technical risks and governance challenges associated with sharing data. Although blockchain-based solutions have been suggested for sharing health information, it is still unclear whether a suitable incentive mechanism (intrinsic or extrinsic) can be identified to encourage individuals to share their sensitive data for research purposes. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate how important extrinsic incentives are and what type of incentive is the best option in blockchain-based platforms designed for sharing sensitive health information. METHODS In this study, we conducted 3 experiments with 493 individuals to investigate the role of extrinsic incentives (ie, cryptocurrency, money, and recognition) in data sharing with research organizations. RESULTS The findings highlight that offering different incentives is insufficient to encourage individuals to use blockchain technology or to change their perceptions about the technology's premise for sharing sensitive health data. The results demonstrate that individuals still attribute serious risks to blockchain-based platforms. Privacy and security concerns, trust issues, lack of knowledge about the technology, lack of public acceptance, and lack of regulations are reported as top risks. In terms of attracting people to use blockchain-based platforms for data sharing in health care, we show that the effects of extrinsic motivations (cryptoincentives, money, and status) are significantly overshadowed by inhibitors to technology use. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that before emphasizing the use of various types of extrinsic incentives, the users must be educated about the capabilities and benefits offered by this technology. Thus, an essential first step for shifting from an institution-based data exchange to a patient-centric data exchange (using blockchain) is addressing technology inhibitors to promote patient-driven data access control. This study shows that extrinsic incentives alone are inadequate to change users' perceptions, increase their trust, or encourage them to use technology for sharing health data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouyan Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Tala Mirzaei
- Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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AbuHalimeh A, Ali O. Comprehensive review for healthcare data quality challenges in blockchain technology. Front Big Data 2023; 6:1173620. [PMID: 37252129 PMCID: PMC10213639 DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2023.1173620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
There are several features inherent in blockchain, including decentralized storage, distributed ledger, immutability, security and authentication, and it has shifted away from the hype to be used practically in different industries, such as in the healthcare sector. The use of blockchain technology has allowed the provision of improved services to industries. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how the use of blockchain is influenced by data quality issues in the healthcare industry. The article is structured as a systematic literature review study that uses several articles issued in various databases from 2016 onwards. In this review study, 65 articles were chosen and grouped into a single key aspect of the challenge in the healthcare sector. The findings obtained were analyzed based on factors in three domains, classified as issues pertinent to the adoption, operational and technological domains. This review study aims to use the findings to provide support to the practitioners, stakeholders and professionals, whose purpose is to carry out and manage transformation projects pertinent to blockchain in the field of healthcare. In addition, the organizations would be facilitated in their decision-making processes when the potential blockchain users are made to comprehend the implicit factors related to blockchain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed AbuHalimeh
- Donaghey College of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Omar Ali
- College of Business Administration, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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15
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Wu L, Lu W, Chen C. Strengths and weaknesses of client-server and peer-to-peer network models in construction projects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15623599.2023.2185950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liupengfei Wu
- Department of Real Estate and Construction, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weisheng Lu
- Department of Real Estate and Construction, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Real Estate and Construction Management, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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16
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Nanda SK, Panda SK, Dash M. Medical supply chain integrated with blockchain and IoT to track the logistics of medical products. MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 82:1-23. [PMID: 37362711 PMCID: PMC9985095 DOI: 10.1007/s11042-023-14846-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays blockchain technology plays a vital role in creative developments and important discoveries in the world. Blockchain develops secure and trustworthy platforms for data sharing in various application areas such as secure sharing of medical data, Anti-money laundering, tracking systems, Supply chain, and logistics monitoring, Crypto-currency exchange, etc. Today's Supply chain in the healthcare sector faces many problems like security, transparency, tampering with medical products, counterfeit drugs, more paperwork, high cost, and more time-consuming process while transporting medical equipment from manufacture to end-users. To overcome these problems, we introduce Novel Approach for Integrated IoT (Internet of Things) With Blockchain in Health Supply Chain (NAIBHSC) approach. By using this approach, we can eliminate all supply chain-related issues between suppliers and end-users. The goal of this research is by combining Blockchain technology with IoT to develop a smart health supply chain management system. This approach provides security, privacy, trust, visibility, decentralized tracking and tracing of the medical product, avoids counterfeit drugs, avoids the damage to medical components, authentication, reduces the cost, and provides the status of the products during the shipment process between manufacturers to end-user. In this approach, we conduct a series of experiments on a different group of users. The experimental results show that compare to existing approaches our proposed NAIBHSC approach gives better response time that is the average Transaction Per Second (TPS) for a group of 500 users is 100 milliseconds, reduces the latency time that is average latency time for 500 users group has 403 milliseconds, and improves the overall performance of the smart health supply chain management system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj Kumar Nanda
- School of Computer Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Panda
- Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Science and Technology (IcfaiTech), ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education, Hyderabad, Telangana India
| | - Madhabananda Dash
- School of Computer Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
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17
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Kiania K, Jameii SM, Rahmani AM. Blockchain-based privacy and security preserving in electronic health: a systematic review. MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 82:1-27. [PMID: 36811000 PMCID: PMC9936121 DOI: 10.1007/s11042-023-14488-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In today's world, health and medicine play an undeniable role in human life. Traditional and current Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems that are used to exchange information between medical stakeholders (patients, physicians, insurance companies, pharmaceuticals, medical researchers, etc.) suffer weaknesses in terms of security and privacy due to having centralized architecture. Blockchain technology ensures the privacy and security of EHR systems thanks to the use of encryption. Moreover, due to its decentralized nature, this technology prevents central failure and central attack points. In this paper, a systematic literature review (SLR) is proposed to analyze the existing Blockchain-based approaches for improving privacy and security in electronic health systems. The research methodology, paper selection process, and the search query are explained. 51 papers returned from our search criteria published between 2018 and Dec 2022 are reviewed. The main ideas, type of Blockchain, evaluation metrics, and used tools of each selected paper are discussed in detail. Finally, future research directions, open challenges, and some issues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kianoush Kiania
- Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Jameii
- Department of Computer Engineering, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Masoud Rahmani
- Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 University Road, Section 3, Douliou, Yunlin 64002 Taiwan
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18
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Mezquita Y, Podgorelec B, Gil-González AB, Corchado JM. Blockchain-Based Supply Chain Systems, Interoperability Model in a Pharmaceutical Case Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:1962. [PMID: 36850559 PMCID: PMC9967772 DOI: 10.3390/s23041962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of supply chain systems based on blockchain technology is to take advantage of technology innovations to ensure that a tracked asset's audit trail is immutable. However, the challenge lies in tracking the asset among different blockchain-based supply chain systems. The model proposed in this paper has been designed to overcome the identified challenges. Specifically, the proposed model enables: (1) the asset to be tracked among different blockchain-based supply-chain systems; (2) the tracked asset's supply chain to be cryptographically verified; (3) a tracked asset to be defined in a standardized format; and (4) a tracked asset to be described with several different standardized formats. Thus, the model provides a great advantage in terms of interoperability between different blockchain-driven supply chains over other models in the literature, which will need to replicate the information in each blockchain platform they operate with, while giving flexibility to the platforms that make use of it and maintain the scalability of those logistic platforms. This work aims to examine the application of the proposed model from an operational point of view, in a scenario within the pharmaceutical sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeray Mezquita
- BISITE Digital Innovation Hub, Department of Informatics and Automatics, University of Salamanca, Edificio Multiusos I+D+I, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Blaž Podgorelec
- Institute of Applied Information Processing and Communications, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Belén Gil-González
- BISITE Digital Innovation Hub, Department of Informatics and Automatics, University of Salamanca, Edificio Multiusos I+D+I, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Corchado
- BISITE Digital Innovation Hub, Department of Informatics and Automatics, University of Salamanca, Edificio Multiusos I+D+I, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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19
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Sathiya V, Nagalakshmi K, Jeevamalar J, Anand Babu R, Karthi R, Acevedo-Duque Á, Lavanya R, Ramabalan S. Reshaping healthcare supply chain using chain-of-things technology and key lessons experienced from COVID-19 pandemic. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PLANNING SCIENCES 2023; 85:101510. [PMID: 36687377 PMCID: PMC9836993 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2023.101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 (Corona virus disease 2019) pandemic continues to slash through the entire humanity on the earth causing an international health crisis and financial uncertainty. The pandemic has formed a colossal disruption in supply chain networks. It has caused piling higher mortality in patients with comorbidities and generated a surging demand for critical care equipment, vaccines, pharmaceuticals, and cutting-edge technologies. Personal protective equipment, masks, ventilators, testing kits, and even commodities required for daily care have been scarce as lockdown and social distancing guidelines have kicked in. Amidst COVID-19, implementing and executing key processes of the healthcare supply chain (HSC) in a secured, trusted, effective, universally manageable, and the traceable way is perplexing owing to the fragile nature of the HSC, which is susceptible to redundant efforts and systemic risks that can lead to adverse impacts on consumer health and safety. Though the crisis shone a harsh light on the cracks and weaknesses of the HSC, it brings some significant insights into how HSC can be made more resilient and how healthcare industries figure out solutions to mitigate disruptions. While there are innumerable experiences learned from the disruption of this crisis, in this paper, five important areas to analyze the most vital and immediate HSC enhancements including building a resilient supply chain, thinking localization, implementing reliable reverse logistics, breaking down extant silos to achieve end-to-end visibility, and redesigning HSC using digitalization are emphasized. This work identifies important features related to CoT and HSC. Also, this study links these lessons to a potential solution through Chain of Things (CoT) technology. CoT technology provides a better way to monitor HSC products by integrating the Internet of Things (IoT) with blockchain networks. However, such an integrated solution should not only focus on the required features and aspects but also on the correlation among different features. The major objective of this study is to reveal the influence path of CoT on smart HSC development. Hence, this study exploits (i) fuzzy set theory to eliminate redundant and unrelated features; (ii) the Decision-Making and Experimental Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method to handle the intricate correlation among different features. This fuzzy-DEMATEL (F-DEMATEL) model attempts to direct CoT technology towards smart HSC by identifying the most influencing factors and investors are recommended to contribute to the development of application systems. This work also demonstrates how CoT can act a vital role in handling the HSC issues triggered by the pandemic now and in the post-COVID-19 world. Also, this work proposes different CoT design patterns for increasing opportunities in the HSC network and applied them as imperative solutions for major challenges related to traditional HSC networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sathiya
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, India
| | - K Nagalakshmi
- Department of Information Technology, E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, India
| | - J Jeevamalar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, India
| | - R Anand Babu
- Department of Information Technology, E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, India
| | - R Karthi
- Department of Master of Business Applications, E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, India
| | - Ángel Acevedo-Duque
- Faculty of Administration and Business Observatory of Public Policies, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Chile
| | - R Lavanya
- Department of Information Technology, E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, India
| | - S Ramabalan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, India
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20
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Leveraging machine learning and blockchain in E-commerce and beyond: benefits, models, and application. DISCOVER ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s44163-022-00046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBlockchain technology (BT) allows market participants to keep track of digital transactions without central recordkeeping. The features of blockchain, including decentralization, persistency, and attack resistance, allow data security and privacy. Machine learning (ML) involves the analytical platform on a massive amount of data to provide precise decisions. Since data reliability, integration, and data security are crucial in machine learning, the emergence of blockchain technology and machine learning has become a unique, most disruptive, and trending research in the last few years, achieving comparable and precise performance. The combination of blockchain and machine learning (BT–ML) has been applied across different applications to assist decision-makers in retrieving valuable data insights while preserving privacy and integration. This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art research in combing BT and ML in e-commerce and other various applications, including healthcare, smart transportation, and the Internet of Things (IoT). The challenges and benefits of integrating machine learning and blockchain technologies are outlined in the paper. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of current algorithms in the BT–ML integration. This paper provides a roadmap for researchers to pave the way for current and future research directions in combing the BT and ML research areas.
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21
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Sharing Health Information Using a Blockchain. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11020170. [PMID: 36673538 PMCID: PMC9859363 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Data sharing in the health sector represents a big problem due to privacy and security issues. Health data have tremendous value for organisations and criminals. The European Commission has classified health data as a unique resource owing to their ability to enable both retrospective and prospective research at a low cost. Similarly, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) encourages member nations to create and implement health data governance systems that protect individual privacy while allowing data sharing. This paper proposes adopting a blockchain framework to enable the transparent sharing of medical information among health entities in a secure environment. We develop a laboratory-based prototype using a design science research methodology (DSRM). This approach has its roots in the sciences of engineering and artificial intelligence, and its primary goal is to create relevant artefacts that add value to the fields in which they are used. We adopt a patient-centric approach, according to which a patient is the owner of their data and may allow hospitals and health professionals access to their data.
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22
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Ahouanmenou S, Van Looy A, Poels G. Information security and privacy in hospitals: a literature mapping and review of research gaps. Inform Health Soc Care 2023; 48:30-46. [PMID: 35300555 DOI: 10.1080/17538157.2022.2049274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Information security and privacy are matters of concern in every industry. The healthcare sector has lagged in terms of implementing cybersecurity measures. Therefore, hospitals are more exposed to cyber events due to the criticality of patient data. Currently, little is known about state-of-the-art research on information security and privacy in hospitals. The purpose of this study is to report the outcome of a systematic literature review on research about the application of information security and privacy in hospitals. A systematic literature review following the PRISMA methodology was conducted. To reference our sample according to cybersecurity domains, we benchmarked each article against two cybersecurity frameworks: ISO 27001 Annex A and the NIST framework core. Limited articles in our papers referred to the policies and compliance sections of ISO 27001. In addition, most of our sample is classified by the NIST function "Protect," meaning activities related to identity management, access control and data security. Furthermore, we have identified key domains where research in security and privacy are critical, such as big data, IOT, cloud computing, standards and regulations. The results indicate that although cybersecurity is a growing concern in hospitals, research is still weak in some areas. Considering the recrudescence of cyber-attacks in the healthcare sector, we call for more research in hospitals in managerial and non-technical domains of information security and privacy that are uncovered by our analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Ahouanmenou
- Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Department of Business Informatics and Operations Management, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amy Van Looy
- Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Department of Business Informatics and Operations Management, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Poels
- Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Department of Business Informatics and Operations Management, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,FlandersMake@UGent - core lab, CVAMO, Ghent, Belgium
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23
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An empirical study for blockchain-based information sharing systems in electronic health records: A mediation perspective. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Torkayesh AE, Deveci M, Torkayesh SE, Tirkolaee EB. Analyzing failures in adoption of smart technologies for medical waste management systems: a type-2 neutrosophic-based approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:79688-79701. [PMID: 34554402 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Medical waste management (MWM) systems are considered among the most important urban systems nowadays. Cities in different countries prefer to transform their infrastructure based on sustainability guidelines and practices. Meanwhile, smart technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain are being recently used in different urban systems of cities that aim to transform into smart cities. MWM systems are one of the main targets of integrating such smart technologies to maximize economic and social profits and minimize environmental issues. However, the transformation of traditional MWM systems into smart MWM systems and the adoption of such technologies can be a very resource-consuming task. One of the possible tasks in this process can be the identification of factors that cause failure in the adoption of smart technologies. Therefore, this study proposes a multi-criteria evaluation model based on type-2 neutrosophic numbers (T2NNs) to identify factors contributing to failure in the adoption of IoT and blockchain in smart MWM systems in Istanbul, Turkey. Results of the case study indicate that training for different stakeholders, market acceptance, transparency, and professional personnel are the main factors that lead to failure in the adoption of smart technologies. Training for different stakeholders, market acceptance, transparency, and professional personnel factors obtained distance values of 0.494, 0.381, 0.375, and 0.278, respectively, against the best factor which is security and privacy. In order to validate the results of the proposed approach, a sensitivity analysis test is performed. Results of this study can be useful for governmental and private MWM and green companies that are planning to adopt IoT and blockchain within their waste management (WM) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ebadi Torkayesh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
- School of Business and Economics, RWTH Aachen University, 52072, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Muhammet Deveci
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Turkish Naval Academy, National Defence University, 34940, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Erfan Babaee Tirkolaee
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Istinye University, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Blockchain Framework for Secure COVID-19 Pandemic Data Handling and Protection. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:7025485. [PMID: 36156957 PMCID: PMC9492366 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7025485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic caused global epidemic infections, which is one of the most severe infections in human medical history. In the absence of proper medications and vaccines, handling the pandemic has been challenging for governments and major health facilities. Additionally, tracing COVID-19 cases and handling data generated from the pandemic are also extremely challenging. Data privacy access and collection are also a challenge when handling COVID-19 data. Blockchain technology provides various features such as decentralization, anonymity, cryptographic security, smart contracts, and a distributed framework that allows users and entities to handle COVID-19 data better. Since the outbreak has made the moral crisis in the clinical and administrative centers worse than any other that has resulted in the decline in the supply of the exact information, however, it is vital to provide fast and accurate insight into the situation. As a result of all these concerns, this study emphasizes the need for COVID-19 data processing to acquire aspects such as data security, data integrity, real-time data handling, and data management to provide patients with all benefits from which they had been denied owing to misinformation. Hence, the management of COVID-19 data through the use of the blockchain framework is crucial. Therefore, this paper illustrates how blockchain technology can be implemented in the COVID-19 data handling process. The paper also proposes a framework with three main layers: data collection layer; data access and privacy layer; and data storage layer.
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26
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Adel A. Future of industry 5.0 in society: human-centric solutions, challenges and prospective research areas. JOURNAL OF CLOUD COMPUTING 2022; 11:40. [PMID: 36101900 PMCID: PMC9454409 DOI: 10.1186/s13677-022-00314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIndustry 4.0 has been provided for the last 10 years to benefit the industry and the shortcomings; finally, the time for industry 5.0 has arrived. Smart factories are increasing the business productivity; therefore, industry 4.0 has limitations. In this paper, there is a discussion of the industry 5.0 opportunities as well as limitations and the future research prospects. Industry 5.0 is changing paradigm and brings the resolution since it will decrease emphasis on the technology and assume that the potential for progress is based on collaboration among the humans and machines. The industrial revolution is improving customer satisfaction by utilizing personalized products. In modern business with the paid technological developments, industry 5.0 is required for gaining competitive advantages as well as economic growth for the factory. The paper is aimed to analyze the potential applications of industry 5.0. At first, there is a discussion of the definitions of industry 5.0 and advanced technologies required in this industry revolution. There is also discussion of the applications enabled in industry 5.0 like healthcare, supply chain, production in manufacturing, cloud manufacturing, etc. The technologies discussed in this paper are big data analytics, Internet of Things, collaborative robots, Blockchain, digital twins and future 6G systems. The study also included difficulties and issues examined in this paper head to comprehend the issues caused by organizations among the robots and people in the assembly line.
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27
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Baysal MV, Özcan-Top Ö, Betin-Can A. Blockchain technology applications in the health domain: a multivocal literature review. THE JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2022; 79:3112-3156. [PMID: 36060094 PMCID: PMC9424065 DOI: 10.1007/s11227-022-04772-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Blockchain technology has been changing the nature of several businesses, from supply chain management to electronic record management systems and copyright management to healthcare applications. It provides a resilient and secure platform for modifications due to its distributed and shared nature and cryptographic functions. Each new technology, however, comes with its challenges alongside its opportunities. Previously, we performed a systematic literature review (SLR) to explore how blockchain technology potentially benefits health domain applications. The previous SLR included 27 formal literature papers from 2016 to 2020. Noticing that blockchain technology is rapidly growing, we extended the previous SLR with a multivocal literature review (MLR) approach to present the state of the art in this study. We focused on understanding to what degree blockchain could answer the challenges inherited in the health domain and whether blockchain technology may bring new challenges to health applications. The MLR consists of 78 sources of formal literature and 23 sources of gray literature from 2016 to 2021. As a result of this study, we specified 17 health domain challenges that can be categorized into four groups: (i) meeting regulatory requirements and public health surveillance, (ii) ensuring security and privacy, (iii) ensuring interoperability, and (iv) preventing waste of resources. The analysis shows that blockchain makes significant contributions to the solutions of these challenges. However, 10 new pitfalls come with adopting the technology in the health domain: the inability to delete sensitive data once it is added to a chain, limited ability to keep large-scale data in a blockchain, and performance issues. The data we extracted during the MLR is available in a publicly accessible online repository.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Vildan Baysal
- Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Türkiye
- The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK), Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Özden Özcan-Top
- Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Aysu Betin-Can
- Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Türkiye
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28
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The Metaverse: A New Challenge for the Healthcare System: A Scoping Review. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7030063. [PMID: 36135421 PMCID: PMC9501644 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The metaverse is now a reality, and it interests the scientific community, the educational setting, and medical care. Considering the number of people in front of screens, especially children and adolescents, the metaverse could and should become a place of health promotion. Consequently, the objective of the present study was to review the current literature to detect articles that connected the metaverse with prevention and treatment, education and training, and research setting. (2) Methods: Articles were searched on Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus, including English-written papers published until 12 August 2022. They were screened against the eligibility criteria and discussed narratively. (3) Results: The literature published is poor; only 21 articles were included, and 11 of them were added in a second moment. These articles were mainly reviews of the literature or editorials. The aspects related to this virtual world in terms of health prevention and the treatment of clinical conditions, education and training, and research have been narratively discussed. (4) Conclusions: The metaverse could be considered a useful instrument to arrive easily and quickly to the population. Given its importance, today, different studies and investments are required to develop proper health promotion programs that are feasible and valid in the metaverse.
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29
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Huang CH, Liu JS, Ho MHC, Chou TC. Towards more convergent main paths: A relevance-based approach. J Informetr 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2022.101317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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30
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Schmeelk S, Kanabar M, Peterson K, Pathak J. Electronic health records and blockchain interoperability requirements: a scoping review. JAMIA Open 2022; 5:ooac068. [PMID: 35911668 PMCID: PMC9329659 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review of publications that explored blockchain technology in the context of interoperability and challenges of electronic health record (EHR) implementations. We synthesize the literature regarding standards and security, specifically regulation, regulatory operability, and conformance to standards. We review open practitioner questions that were not addressed in the studies as directions for further research. Materials and Methods We conducted a literature search in the OVID databases (Medline and Embase) on terms blockchain, implementation, interoperability, EHRs, security, and standards. The search resulted in 152 nonduplicate, peer-reviewed manuscripts, of which 15 were relevant to our objective and included for synthesis. Results Based on the search results, we analyzed the adoption of blockchain technology in the healthcare systems and challenges to EHR implementation of blockchain. From the synthesized research, we categorized and reported compelling factors of blockchain for EHR integration using current knowledge on blockchain research standardization and architectural challenges. Discussion Our research showed promise in implementing blockchain technology associated with EHRs, especially with Health Information Exchanges. The studies relevant for both EHR (n = 5) and blockchain (n = 10) reported compelling factors and limitations of the architecture. Security (n = 4) and interoperability (n = 4) features were reported as compelling requirements with lingering challenges. Standardization literature (n = 3) reported implementation challenges. Conclusion This study shows promise in implementing blockchain technology within EHR systems. The adoption is increasing; however, multiple implementation challenges remain from architectural perspectives (eg, scalability and performance), to security challenges (eg, legal requirements), and standard perspectives including patient-matching problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanna Schmeelk
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, New York, USA
- Director M.S. Cyber & Information Security Program, St. John’s University , New York, New York, USA
| | - Megha Kanabar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, New York, USA
| | - Kevin Peterson
- Center for Digital Health, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jyotishman Pathak
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, New York, USA
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31
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Saeed G, Kohler JC, Cuomo RE, Mackey TK. A systematic review of digital technology and innovation and its potential to address anti-corruption, transparency, and accountability in the pharmaceutical supply chain. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2022; 21:1061-1088. [PMID: 35714366 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2022.2091543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The urgent need to acquire medical supplies amidst the COVID-19 pandemic has led to bypassing of controls that govern the global pharmaceutical supply chain, increasing the risk of corruption. Hence, promoting anti-corruption, transparency, and accountability (ACTA) in supply chain and procurement has never been more important. The adoption of digital tools, if designed and implemented appropriately, can reduce the risks of corruption. AREAS COVERED Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted an interdisciplinary systematic review of health/medicine, humanities/social sciences, engineering, and computer science literature, with the aims of identifying technologies used for pharmaceutical supply chain and procurement optimization and reviewing whether they address ACTA mechanisms to strengthen pharmaceutical governance. Our review identified four distinct categories of digital solutions: e-procurement and open contracting; track-and-trace technology; anti-counterfeiting technology; and blockchain technology. EXPERT OPINION Findings demonstrate an increase in research of technologies to improve pharmaceutical supply chain and procurement functions; however, most technologies are not being leveraged to directly address ACTA or global health outcomes. Some blockchain and RFID technologies incorporated ACTA mechanisms and mentioned specific policy/governance frameworks, but more purposeful linkage is needed. Findings point to the need for targeted policy development and governance to activate these innovative technologies to improve global health .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Saeed
- Accountability and Transparency in the Pharmaceutical Sector, WHO Collaborating Centre for Governance, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jillian C Kohler
- Accountability and Transparency in the Pharmaceutical Sector, WHO Collaborating Centre for Governance, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Raphael E Cuomo
- Global Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego - School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tim K Mackey
- Accountability and Transparency in the Pharmaceutical Sector, WHO Collaborating Centre for Governance, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Global Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, CA, USA.,Global Health Program, Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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32
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Jraisat L, Jreissat M, Upadhyay A, Kumar A. Blockchain Technology: The Role of Integrated Reverse Supply Chain Networks in Sustainability. SUPPLY CHAIN FORUM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16258312.2022.2090853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luai Jraisat
- Department of Business and IT, Talal Abu-Ghazaleh University College for Innovation (TAGUCI), Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohannad Jreissat
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Arvind Upadhyay
- University of Stavanger Business School, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Anil Kumar
- Guildhall School of Business and Law, London Metropolitan University, London, UK
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Bali S, Bali V, Mohanty RP, Gaur D. Analysis of critical success factors for blockchain technology implementation in healthcare sector. BENCHMARKING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/bij-07-2021-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeRecently, blockchain technology (BT) has resolved healthcare data management challenges. It helps healthcare providers automate medical records and mining to aid in data sharing and making more accurate diagnoses. This paper attempts to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) for successfully implementing BT in healthcare.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is methodologically structured in four phases. The first phase leads to identifying success factors by reviewing the extant literature. In the second phase, expert opinions were solicited to authenticate the critical success factors required to implement BT in the healthcare sector. Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was employed to find the cause-and-effect relationship among the third phase’s critical success factors. In phase 4, the authors resort to validating the final results and findings.FindingsBased on the analysis, 21 CSFs were identified and grouped under six dimensions. After applying the DEMATEL technique, nine factors belong to the causal group, and the remaining 12 factors fall under the effect group. The top three influencing factors of blockchain technology implementation in the healthcare ecosystem are data transparency, track and traceability and government support, whereas; implementation cost was the least influential.Originality/valueThis study provides a roadmap and may facilitate healthcare professionals to overcome contemporary challenges with the help of BT.
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Morrison B, Boyle TA, Mahaffey T. Demonstrating institutional trustworthiness a framework for pharmacy regulatory authorities. Res Social Adm Pharm 2022; 18:3792-3799. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Silva P, Dahlke DV, Smith ML, Charles W, Gomez J, Ory MG, Ramos KS. An Idealized Clinicogenomic Registry to Engage Underrepresented Populations Using Innovative Technology. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050713. [PMID: 35629136 PMCID: PMC9144063 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Current best practices in tumor registries provide a glimpse into a limited time frame over the natural history of disease, usually a narrow window around diagnosis and biopsy. This creates challenges meeting public health and healthcare reimbursement policies that increasingly require robust documentation of long-term clinical trajectories, quality of life, and health economics outcomes. These challenges are amplified for underrepresented minority (URM) and other disadvantaged populations, who tend to view the institution of clinical research with skepticism. Participation gaps leave such populations underrepresented in clinical research and, importantly, in policy decisions about treatment choices and reimbursement, thus further augmenting health, social, and economic disparities. Cloud computing, mobile computing, digital ledgers, tokenization, and artificial intelligence technologies are powerful tools that promise to enhance longitudinal patient engagement across the natural history of disease. These tools also promise to enhance engagement by giving participants agency over their data and addressing a major impediment to research participation. This will only occur if these tools are available for use with all patients. Distributed ledger technologies (specifically blockchain) converge these tools and offer a significant element of trust that can be used to engage URM populations more substantively in clinical research. This is a crucial step toward linking composite cohorts for training and optimization of the artificial intelligence tools for enhancing public health in the future. The parameters of an idealized clinical genomic registry are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Silva
- Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, 8441 Riverside Pkwy, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (J.G.); (K.S.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-979-436-9055
| | - Deborah Vollmer Dahlke
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 212 Adriance Lab Rd., College Station, TX 77843, USA; (D.V.D.); (M.L.S.); (M.G.O.)
| | - Matthew Lee Smith
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 212 Adriance Lab Rd., College Station, TX 77843, USA; (D.V.D.); (M.L.S.); (M.G.O.)
| | - Wendy Charles
- BurstIQ, 9635 Maroon Circle, #310, Englewood, CO 80112, USA;
| | - Jorge Gomez
- Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, 8441 Riverside Pkwy, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (J.G.); (K.S.R.)
| | - Marcia G. Ory
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 212 Adriance Lab Rd., College Station, TX 77843, USA; (D.V.D.); (M.L.S.); (M.G.O.)
| | - Kenneth S. Ramos
- Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, 8441 Riverside Pkwy, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (J.G.); (K.S.R.)
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Esmaeilzadeh P. Benefits and concerns associated with blockchain-based health information exchange (HIE): a qualitative study from physicians' perspectives. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2022; 22:80. [PMID: 35346176 PMCID: PMC8962111 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-022-01815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize information sharing in companies. Many studies suggest using blockchain-powered platforms to replace existing mechanisms for health information exchange (HIE) across healthcare organizations. However, very few blockchain-based projects have been implemented in the healthcare sector. This study takes a qualitative approach to explore benefits, concerns, and barriers to the rollout of blockchain in HIE projects from physicians' perspectives. METHODS The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework was used to help us better understand root causes, existing problems, perceived risks, perceived benefits, and suggestions. In-depth interviews have been conducted with 38 physicians in six months. The data were analyzed and coded using NVIVO to classify conceptually similar themes mentioned by the interviewees. RESULTS In total, seven themes have been identified. The key benefits are categorized into three themes: innovative technological features, collaborative ecosystem, and system performance. The main concerns and risks are categorized into four themes: individual, organizational, technological, and market-related issues. The findings can contribute to knowledge by highlighting key values expected from blockchain technology in HIEs. The results also explore obstacles to leveraging the blockchain in healthcare from the perspectives of an important stakeholder (physicians). CONCLUSIONS The results show that although blockchain technology may create several benefits (e.g., innovative technological features, collaborative ecosystem, and system performance), its applications in healthcare are still in their early stages. The perceptions of the individual issues (e.g., lack of knowledge), organizational issues (e.g., implementation issues), technological issues (e.g., blockchain model types), and market-related issues (e.g., regulatory concerns) indicate that blockchain-based applications in healthcare continue to be an emerging field. This study has practical implications as understanding these concerns can help developers and healthcare managers identify potential issues in the planning, developing, and implementing blockchain-based HIE systems. Addressing these barriers would support the widespread use of blockchain-based HIEs in different healthcare settings and facilitate interoperability and connectivity in regional and community health information networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouyan Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, College of Business, Florida International University (FIU), Modesto A. Maidique Campus, 11200 S.W. 8th St, RB 261B, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
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Mohammad Saif AN, Islam MA. Blockchain in human resource management: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis. TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS & STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09537325.2022.2049226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abu Naser Mohammad Saif
- School of Business and Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Management Information Systems, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Asadul Islam
- BRAC Business School, BRAC University, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Mallikarjuna B, Shrivastava G, Sharma M. Blockchain technology: A DNN token-based approach in healthcare and COVID-19 to generate extracted data. EXPERT SYSTEMS 2022; 39:e12778. [PMID: 34511692 PMCID: PMC8420355 DOI: 10.1111/exsy.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The healthcare technologies in COVID-19 pandemic had grown immensely in various domains. Blockchain technology is one such turnkey technology, which is transforming the data securely; to store electronic health records (EHRs), develop deep learning algorithms, access the data, process the data between physicians and patients to access the EHRs in the form of distributed ledgers. Blockchain technology is also made to supply the data in the cloud and contact the huge amount of healthcare data, which is difficult and complex to process. As the complexity in the analysis of data is increasing day by day, it has become essential to minimize the risk of data complexity. This paper supports deep neural network (DNN) analysis in healthcare and COVID-19 pandemic and gives the smart contract procedure, to identify the feature extracted data (FED) from the existing data. At the same time, the innovation will be useful to analyse future diseases. The proposed method also analyze the existing diseases which had been reported and it is extremely useful to guide physicians in providing appropriate treatment and save lives. To achieve this, the massive data is integrated using Python scripting language under various libraries to perform a wide range of medical and healthcare functions to infer knowledge that assists in the diagnosis of major diseases such as heart disease, blood cancer, gastric and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basetty Mallikarjuna
- School of Computing Science and EngineeringGalgotias UniversityGreater NoidaIndia
| | - Gulshan Shrivastava
- Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSharda UniversityGreater NoidaIndia
| | - Meenakshi Sharma
- School of Computing Science and EngineeringGalgotias UniversityGreater NoidaIndia
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Tagliafico AS, Campi C, Bianca B, Bortolotto C, Buccicardi D, Francesca C, Prost R, Rengo M, Faggioni L. Blockchain in radiology research and clinical practice: current trends and future directions. Radiol Med 2022; 127:391-397. [PMID: 35194720 PMCID: PMC8863512 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-022-01460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Blockchain usage in healthcare, in radiology, in particular, is at its very early infancy. Only a few research applications have been tested, however, blockchain technology is widely known outside healthcare and widely adopted, especially in Finance, since 2009 at least. Learning by history, radiology is a potential ideal scenario to apply this technology. Blockchain could have the potential to increase radiological data value in both clinical and research settings for the patient digital record, radiological reports, privacy control, quantitative image analysis, cybersecurity, radiomics and artificial intelligence. Up-to-date experiences using blockchain in radiology are still limited, but radiologists should be aware of the emergence of this technology and follow its next developments. We present here the potentials of some applications of blockchain in radiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Stefano Tagliafico
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Genoa, Italy. .,Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Cristina Campi
- Dipartimento Di Matematica, Università Di Genova, via Dodecaneso 35, 16146, Genova, Italy
| | - Bignotti Bianca
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chandra Bortolotto
- Dipartimento Di Radiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Coppola Francesca
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Prost
- Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Marco Rengo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome - I.C.O.T. Hospital, Via Franco Faggiana, 1668, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Faggioni
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56100, Pisa, Italy
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Zhao Y. Design of Optimal Scheduling Model for Emergency Medical Supplies by Blockchain Technology. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:4608761. [PMID: 35222887 PMCID: PMC8881154 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4608761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to explore the scheduling plan for the emergency of blockchain technology in the medical industry. Network security architecture for medical supplies management based on the Hyperledger Fabric optimized consensus mechanism is established by studying the characteristics of blockchain technology and its data structure composition. The supply chain model for medical device scheduling based on intelligent contracts is selected for the particularity of the nature and shape of medical devices in medical supplies. Ant colony algorithm is used to solve it. Case analysis and verification results show that the improved Hyperledger Fabric consensus mechanism has better security performance. Under the condition of 10,000 transactions, the probability of an attacker with the optimized consensus mechanism successfully controlling the transaction is only 7.2%. The optimized solution is about 50% higher than the original solution in terms of transaction processing speed. Over 1000 transactions, the transaction latency optimization rate is more than doubled. The total order completion time of the medical device scheduling model adopted by the intelligent contract is 26.3% higher than the historical service time of 19 days. The performance of the medical emergency material scheduling program that is added to the supply chain technology is better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- College of Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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41
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Improved Classification of Blockchain Transactions Using Feature Engineering and Ensemble Learning. FUTURE INTERNET 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fi14010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the blockchain technology is gaining a widespread adoption across multiple sectors, its most popular application is in cryptocurrency. The decentralized and anonymous nature of transactions in a cryptocurrency blockchain has attracted a multitude of participants, and now significant amounts of money are being exchanged by the day. This raises the need of analyzing the blockchain to discover information related to the nature of participants in transactions. This study focuses on the identification for risky and non-risky blocks in a blockchain. In this paper, the proposed approach is to use ensemble learning with or without feature selection using correlation-based feature selection. Ensemble learning yielded good results in the experiments, but class-wise analysis reveals that ensemble learning with feature selection improves even further. After training Machine Learning classifiers on the dataset, we observe an improvement in accuracy of 2–3% and in F-score of 7–8%.
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Ali A, Dindoust D, Grant J, Clarke D. Delivering epilepsy care in low-resource settings: the role of technology. Expert Rev Med Devices 2021; 18:13-23. [PMID: 34851222 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2021.2013198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The implementation of technology in the field of epileptology has traditionally focused on its use for diagnosis and treatment and has, unsurprisingly, been capital-intensive, making it therefore mainly implementable in advanced high-income countries. Because of technological innovations over the past 20 years there has been almost a paradigm shift, particularly in access to and the potential for implementing relevant technology in lesser developed environments. Nearly 80% of people living with epilepsy live in low and middle-income countries. AREAS COVERED The challenge and the purpose of this paper is to discuss how technology can be implemented into lesser-resourced contexts not only cost-effectively but in a cost-saving way while also building capacity and thus sustainability. EXPERT OPINION The rate of technological advancement presents the risk of progressive widening of the technology and care gaps between advanced and lesser developed regions. Implementing technology is both about finding relevant appropriate technologies for the individual contexts of a diverse range of countries but also about repurposing low-tech technologies for application in epilepsy care in these areas. Finally exciting advances such as autonomous driving, digital twinning and robotic surgery will likely transform epilepsy care in several lower-resourced settings in the next 5-10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amza Ali
- Departments of Medicine, Kingston Public Hospital and University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | | | - Justin Grant
- Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dave Clarke
- Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
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Xie Y, Zhang J, Wang H, Liu P, Liu S, Huo T, Duan YY, Dong Z, Lu L, Ye Z. Applications of Blockchain in the Medical Field: Narrative Review. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e28613. [PMID: 34533470 PMCID: PMC8555946 DOI: 10.2196/28613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a distributed technology, blockchain has attracted increasing attention from stakeholders in the medical industry. Although previous studies have analyzed blockchain applications from the perspectives of technology, business, or patient care, few studies have focused on actual use-case scenarios of blockchain in health care. In particular, the outbreak of COVID-19 has led to some new ideas for the application of blockchain in medical practice. Objective This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the current and projected uses of blockchain technology in health care, as well as directions for future research. In addition to the framework structure of blockchain and application scenarios, its integration with other emerging technologies in health care is discussed. Methods We searched databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, IEEE, and Springer using a combination of terms related to blockchain and health care. Potentially relevant papers were then compared to determine their relevance and reviewed independently for inclusion. Through a literature review, we summarize the key medical scenarios using blockchain technology. Results We found a total of 1647 relevant studies, 60 of which were unique studies that were included in this review. These studies report a variety of uses for blockchain and their emphasis differs. According to the different technical characteristics and application scenarios of blockchain, we summarize some medical scenarios closely related to blockchain from the perspective of technical classification. Moreover, potential challenges are mentioned, including the confidentiality of privacy, the efficiency of the system, security issues, and regulatory policy. Conclusions Blockchain technology can improve health care services in a decentralized, tamper-proof, transparent, and secure manner. With the development of this technology and its integration with other emerging technologies, blockchain has the potential to offer long-term benefits. Not only can it be a mechanism to secure electronic health records, but blockchain also provides a powerful tool that can empower users to control their own health data, enabling a foolproof health data history and establishing medical responsibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Honglin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengran Liu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Songxiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongtong Huo
- Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Yu Duan
- Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Dong
- Wuhan Academy of Intelligent Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhewei Ye
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Sammeta N, Parthiban L. Hyperledger blockchain enabled secure medical record management with deep learning-based diagnosis model. COMPLEX INTELL SYST 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40747-021-00549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn recent times, advanced developments in healthcare sector result in the generation of massive amounts of electronic health records (EHRs). EHR system enables the data owner to control his/her data and share it with designated people. The vast volume of data in the healthcare system makes it difficult for data to ensure security and diagnostic processes. To resolve these issues, this paper develops a new hyperledger blockchain enabled secure medical data management with deep learning (DL)-based diagnosis (HBESDM-DLD) model. The presented model involves distinct stages of operations such as encryption, optimal key generation, hyperledger blockchain-based secure data management, and diagnosis. The presented model allows the user to control access to data, permit the hospital authorities to read/write data, and alert emergency contacts. For encryption, SIMON block cipher technique is applied. At the same time, to improve the efficiency of the SIMON technique, a group teaching optimization algorithm (GTOA) is applied for the optimal key generation of the SIMON technique. Moreover, the sharing of medical data takes place using multi-channel hyperledger blockchain that utilizes a blockchain for storing patient visit data and for the medical institutions to record links for the EHRs saved in external databases. Once the data are decrypted at the receiving end, finally, variational autoencoder (VAE)-based diagnostic model is applied to detect the existence of the diseases. The performance validation of the HBESDM-DLD model takes place on benchmark medical dataset and the results are inspected under various performance measures. The experimental results proves that the HBESDM-DLD methodology is superior to state-of-the-art methods.
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Mithani SS, Bota AB, Zhu DT, Wilson K. A scoping review of global vaccine certificate solutions for COVID-19. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 18:1-12. [PMID: 34613869 PMCID: PMC8920155 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1969849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, measures, such as lockdown, quarantining, and physical distancing, have been implemented to curb the spread of COVID-19. As the vaccines are now available and reintegration into society is beginning, measures such as vaccine certificates are being implemented around the world. We conducted a scoping review to identify the initial digital solutions for COVID-19 vaccine certificates and evaluate them on the basis of purpose and use case, technological architecture, and ethical and legal implications. Articles identified from a Google search and a search of MEDLINE, Ovid and preprint servers were reviewed in duplicate, and data were extracted using a data extraction form. Data were extracted for date, location, type of article, source, companies identified for creating vaccine certificates, technology used, type of evidence provided (article quoting research study or an expert opinion), digital architecture, security and privacy measures, and use cases. Technology emerged as the most dominant theme followed by ethics, travel, legal concerns, public policy, and scientific concerns. Our review identified eight solutions that are working toward COVID-19 vaccine certificates world-wide, all optimizing blockchain technology. COVID-19 vaccine certificates are being considered in 11 countries and are in place in 5 others. Many issues concerning the themes we identified remain to be addressed to facilitate successful implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salima S Mithani
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A Brianne Bota
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - David T Zhu
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kumanan Wilson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Brùyere Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Adanur Dedeturk B, Soran A, Bakir-Gungor B. Blockchain for genomics and healthcare: a literature review, current status, classification and open issues. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12130. [PMID: 34703661 PMCID: PMC8487622 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The tremendous boost in the next generation sequencing technologies and in the "omics" technologies resulted in the generation of hundreds of gigabytes of data per day. Nowadays, via integrating -omics data with other data types, such as imaging and electronic health record (EHR) data, panomics studies attempt to identify novel and potentially actionable biomarkers for personalized medicine applications. In this respect, for the accurate analysis of -omics data and EHR, there is a need to establish secure and robust pipelines that take the ethical aspects into consideration, regulate privacy and ownership issues, and data sharing. These days, blockchain technology has picked up significant attention in diverse fields, including genomics, since it offers a new solution for these problems from a different perspective. Blockchain is an immutable transaction ledger, which offers secure and distributed system without a central authority. Within the system, each transaction can be expressed with cryptographically signed blocks, and the verification of transactions is performed by the users of the network. In this review, firstly, we aim to highlight the challenges of EHR and genomic data sharing. Secondly, we attempt to answer "Why" or "Why not" the blockchain technology is suitable for genomics and healthcare applications in detail. Thirdly, we elucidate the general blockchain structure based on the Ethereum, which is a more suitable technology for the genomic data sharing platforms. Fourthly, we review current blockchain-based EHR and genomic data sharing platforms, evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of these applications, and classify these applications using different metrics. Finally, we conclude by discussing the open issues and introducing our suggestion on the topic. In summary, to facilitate the diagnosis, monitoring and therapy of diseases with the effective analysis of -omics data with other available data types, through this review, we put forward the possible implications of the blockchain technology to life sciences and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmet Soran
- Department of Computer Engineering, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Burcu Bakir-Gungor
- Department of Computer Engineering, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Buda V, Prelipcean A, Cristescu C, Roja A, Dalleur O, Andor M, Danciu C, Ledeti A, Dehelean CA, Cretu O. Prescription Habits Related to Chronic Pathologies of Elderly People in Primary Care in the Western Part of Romania: Current Practices, International Recommendations, and Future Perspectives Regarding the Overuse and Misuse of Medicines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18137043. [PMID: 34280980 PMCID: PMC8297022 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The European Commission’s 2019 report regarding the state of health profiles highlighted the fact that Romania is among the countries with the lowest life expectancy in the European Union. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to assess the current prescription habits of general physicians in Romania related to medicines taken by the elderly population for chronic conditions in both urban and rural setting and to discuss/compare these practices with the current international recommendations for the elderly (American—Beers 2019 criteria and European—STOPP/START v.2, 2015 criteria). A total of 2790 electronic prescriptions for chronic pathologies collected from 18 community pharmacies in the western part of Romania (urban and rural zones) were included. All medicines had been prescribed by general physicians. We identified the following situations of medicine overuse: 15% of the analyzed prescriptions involved the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for >2 weeks, 12% involved the use of a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) for >8 weeks, theophylline was the bronchodilator used as a monotherapy in 3.17% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease cases, and zopiclone was the hypnotic drug of choice for 2.31% of cases. Regarding the misuse of medicines, 2.33% of analyzed prescriptions contained an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) for patients with renal failure in addition to vitamin K antagonists (AVKs) and NSAIDs in 0.43% of cases. Prescriptions for COX2 NSAIDs for periods longer than 2 weeks for patients with cardiovascular disorders accounted for 1.33% of prescriptions, and trihexyphenidyl was used as a monotherapy for patients with Parkinson’s disease in 0.18% of cases. From the included medical prescriptions, 32.40% (the major percent of 2383 prescriptions) had two potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs). Rural zones were found to be risk factor for PIMs. Decreasing the chronic prescription of NSAIDs and PPIs, discontinuing the use of hypnotic drugs, and avoiding potentially harmful drug–drug associations will have long term beneficial effects for Romanian elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Buda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.); (A.L.); (C.A.D.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-755-100-408
| | - Andreea Prelipcean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.); (A.L.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Carmen Cristescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.); (A.L.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Alexandru Roja
- Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, West University of Timisoara, Vasile Parvan Boulevard, No.4, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Olivia Dalleur
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Universite Catholique de Louvain, E. Mounier Street, No. 81, 1200 Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium;
| | - Minodora Andor
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (O.C.)
| | - Corina Danciu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.); (A.L.); (C.A.D.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adriana Ledeti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.); (A.L.); (C.A.D.)
- Advanced Instrumental Screening Center, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.); (A.L.); (C.A.D.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavian Cretu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (O.C.)
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Ng WY, Tan TE, Xiao Z, Movva PVH, Foo FSS, Yun D, Chen W, Wong TY, Lin HT, Ting DSW. Blockchain Technology for Ophthalmology: Coming of Age? Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2021; 10:343-347. [PMID: 34415244 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan Ng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Tien-En Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Zhe Xiao
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore
| | - Prasanth V H Movva
- Certis Commercial and Industrial Security Corporation Security Private Limited, Singapore
| | - Fuji S S Foo
- Certis Commercial and Industrial Security Corporation Security Private Limited, Singapore
| | - Dongyuan Yun
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenben Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, People's Republic of China
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Hao Tian Lin
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, People's Republic of China
| | - Daniel S W Ting
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
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An ISM Modeling of Barriers for Blockchain/Distributed Ledger Technology Adoption in Supply Chains towards Cybersecurity. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13094672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, the increasing level of cyber risks derived from the growing connectedness of Industry 4.0 has led to the emergence of blockchain technology as a major innovation in supply chain cybersecurity. The main purpose of this study is to identify and rank the significant barriers affecting the implementation of blockchain technology as a key component of cyber supply chain risk management (CSCRM). This research relied on the “interpretive structural modeling (ISM)” technique in the structure of a hierarchical model to investigate the contextual relationships of identified challenges for blockchain adoption in CSCRM; it also classifies the influential challenges based on their driving and dependence powers. The results highlight that “cryptocurrency volatility” is the challenge at the top level of the hierarchy, implying weak driving power but it is strongly dependent on the other challenges. “Poor regulatory provisions”, “technology immaturity”, “dependent on input information from external oracles”, “scalability and bandwidth issues”, and “smart contract issues” are significant challenges for the adoption of blockchain in cyber supply chain risk management and are located at the bottom level of the hierarchy with higher driving power. The implications for theory and practice of the research are also highlighted.
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BSF-EHR: Blockchain Security Framework for Electronic Health Records of Patients. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21082865. [PMID: 33921738 PMCID: PMC8073400 DOI: 10.3390/s21082865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the current epoch of smart homes and cities, personal data such as patients’ names, diseases and addresses are often violated. This is frequently associated with the safety of the electronic health records (EHRs) of patients. EHRs have numerous benefits worldwide, but at present, EHR information is subject to considerable security and privacy issues. This paper proposes a way to provide a secure solution to these issues. Previous sophisticated techniques dealing with the protection of EHRs usually make data inaccessible to patients. These techniques struggle to balance data confidentiality, patient demand and constant interaction with provider data. Blockchain technology solves the above problems since it distributes information in a transactional and decentralized manner. The usage of blockchain technology could help the health sector to balance the accessibility and privacy of EHRs. This paper proposes a blockchain security framework (BSF) to effectively and securely store and keep EHRs. It presents a safe and proficient means of acquiring medical information for doctors, patients and insurance agents while protecting the patient’s data. This work aims to examine how our proposed framework meets the security needs of doctors, patients and third parties and how the structure addresses safety and confidentiality concerns in the healthcare sector. Simulation outcomes show that this framework efficiently protects EHR data.
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