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Xu L, Chen Z, Chen S, Chen Y, Guo J, Zhong T, Wang L, Zhan S, Li L, Zhang H, Cao J. An Identification of Functional Genetic Variants in B4GALNT2 Gene and Their Association with Growth Traits in Goats. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:330. [PMID: 38540389 PMCID: PMC10970026 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosamine transferase 2 (B4GALNT2) is a vital candidate gene that affects the growth traits in sheep. However, whether it has the same function in goats remains to be investigated further. This study selected 348 Nanjiang Yellow goats, screened all exons, and conserved non-coding regions of the B4GALNT2 gene for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our results revealed the presence of a synonymous mutation, rs672215506, within the exon of the B4GALNT2 gene in the Nanjiang Yellow goat population. The mutation resulted in a decrease in the mRNA stability of the B4GALNT2 gene. The results of SNP detection of the conserved non-coding region of the B4GALNT2 gene showed five potential regulatory SNPs in the Nanjiang Yellow goat population. Except for rs66095343, the ~500 bp fragments of the other four SNPs (rs649127714, rs649573228, rs652899012, and rs639183528) significantly increased the luciferase activity both in goat skeletal muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) and 293T cells. The genetic diversity indexes indicated low or intermediate levels for all six SNPs analyzed, and the genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Association analysis showed that rs660965343, rs649127714, and rs649573228 significantly correlate with growth traits in the later stage of growth and development of Nanjiang Yellow goats. The haplotype combinations of H2H3 and H2H2 had higher body weight and greater body size. Moreover, H2H2 haplotype combinations significantly correlated with the litter size of the Nanjiang Yellow goats. The results of our study demonstrate the potential role of the B4GALNT2 gene as a functional genetic marker in the breeding programs of Nanjiang Yellow goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Zitong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
- Xinjiang Yili Prelecture Animal Husbandry Station, Yining 835000, China
| | - Shuheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yu Chen
- Sichuan Nanjiang Yellow Goat Breeding Farm, Nanjiang 635600, China;
| | - Jiazhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Tao Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Linjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Siyuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jiaxue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multiomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.X.); (Z.C.); (S.C.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
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Pratt HE, Wu T, Elhajjajy S, Zhou J, Fitzgerald K, Fazzio T, Weng Z, Pratt DS. Beyond genome-wide association studies: Investigating the role of noncoding regulatory elements in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0242. [PMID: 37756045 PMCID: PMC10531193 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 30 risk loci for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Variants within these loci are found predominantly in noncoding regions of DNA making their mechanisms of conferring risk hard to define. Epigenomic studies have shown noncoding variants broadly impact regulatory element activity. The possible association of noncoding PSC variants with regulatory element activity has not been studied. We aimed to (1) determine if the noncoding risk variants in PSC impact regulatory element function and (2) if so, assess the role these regulatory elements have in explaining the genetic risk for PSC. METHODS Available epigenomic datasets were integrated to build a comprehensive atlas of cell type-specific regulatory elements, emphasizing PSC-relevant cell types. RNA-seq and ATAC-seq were performed on peripheral CD4+ T cells from 10 PSC patients and 11 healthy controls. Computational techniques were used to (1) study the enrichment of PSC-risk variants within regulatory elements, (2) correlate risk genotype with differences in regulatory element activity, and (3) identify regulatory elements differentially active and genes differentially expressed between PSC patients and controls. RESULTS Noncoding PSC-risk variants are strongly enriched within immune-specific enhancers, particularly ones involved in T-cell response to antigenic stimulation. In total, 250 genes and >10,000 regulatory elements were identified that are differentially active between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS Mechanistic effects are proposed for variants at 6 PSC-risk loci where genotype was linked with differential T-cell regulatory element activity. Regulatory elements are shown to play a key role in PSC pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry E. Pratt
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shaimae Elhajjajy
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey Zhou
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical, School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kate Fitzgerald
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical, School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tom Fazzio
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhiping Weng
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel S. Pratt
- Autoimmune & Cholestatic Liver Center, GI Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Ehrhardt K, Becker AL, Grassl GA. Determinants of persistent Salmonella infections. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 82:102306. [PMID: 36989589 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Persistent bacterial infections constitute an enormous challenge for public health. Amongst infections with other bacteria, infections with typhoidal and nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica serovars can result in long-term infections of the human and animal host. Persistent infections that are asymptomatic are difficult to identify and thus can serve as a silent reservoir for transmission. Symptomatic persistent infections are often difficult to treat as they harbor a combination of antibiotic-tolerant and antibiotic-resistant bacteria and boost the spread of genetic antibiotic resistance. In the last couple of years, the field has made some major progress in understanding the role of persisters, their reservoirs as well as their interplay with host factors in persistent Salmonella infections.
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Packer RJ, Shrine N, Hall R, Melbourne CA, Thompson R, Williams AT, Paynton ML, Guyatt AL, Allen RJ, Lee PH, John C, Campbell A, Hayward C, de Vries M, Vonk JM, Davitte J, Hessel E, Michalovich D, Betts JC, Sayers I, Yeo A, Hall IP, Tobin MD, Wain LV. Genome-wide association study of chronic sputum production implicates loci involved in mucus production and infection. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:2201667. [PMID: 37263751 PMCID: PMC10284065 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01667-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic sputum production impacts on quality of life and is a feature of many respiratory diseases. Identification of the genetic variants associated with chronic sputum production in a disease agnostic sample could improve understanding of its causes and identify new molecular targets for treatment. METHODS We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of chronic sputum production in UK Biobank. Signals meeting genome-wide significance (p<5×10-8) were investigated in additional independent studies, were fine-mapped and putative causal genes identified by gene expression analysis. GWASs of respiratory traits were interrogated to identify whether the signals were driven by existing respiratory disease among the cases and variants were further investigated for wider pleiotropic effects using phenome-wide association studies (PheWASs). RESULTS From a GWAS of 9714 cases and 48 471 controls, we identified six novel genome-wide significant signals for chronic sputum production including signals in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus, chromosome 11 mucin locus (containing MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC5B) and FUT2 locus. The four common variant associations were supported by independent studies with a combined sample size of up to 2203 cases and 17 627 controls. The mucin locus signal had previously been reported for association with moderate-to-severe asthma. The HLA signal was fine-mapped to an amino acid change of threonine to arginine (frequency 36.8%) in HLA-DRB1 (HLA-DRB1*03:147). The signal near FUT2 was associated with expression of several genes including FUT2, for which the direction of effect was tissue dependent. Our PheWAS identified a wide range of associations including blood cell traits, liver biomarkers, infections, gastrointestinal and thyroid-associated diseases, and respiratory disease. CONCLUSIONS Novel signals at the FUT2 and mucin loci suggest that mucin fucosylation may be a driver of chronic sputum production even in the absence of diagnosed respiratory disease and provide genetic support for this pathway as a target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Packer
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Nick Shrine
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Robert Hall
- Centre for Respiratory Research, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Carl A Melbourne
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rebecca Thompson
- Centre for Respiratory Research, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alex T Williams
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Megan L Paynton
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anna L Guyatt
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Richard J Allen
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Paul H Lee
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Catherine John
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maaike de Vries
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology and Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M Vonk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology and Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Ian Sayers
- Centre for Respiratory Research, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Ian P Hall
- Centre for Respiratory Research, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Louise V Wain
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Jajosky RP, Wu SC, Zheng L, Jajosky AN, Jajosky PG, Josephson CD, Hollenhorst MA, Sackstein R, Cummings RD, Arthur CM, Stowell SR. ABO blood group antigens and differential glycan expression: Perspective on the evolution of common human enzyme deficiencies. iScience 2023; 26:105798. [PMID: 36691627 PMCID: PMC9860303 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions and play critical roles in human health and disease. Enzyme variants and deficiencies can lead to variable expression of glycans, which can affect physiology, influence predilection for disease, and/or directly contribute to disease pathogenesis. Although certain well-characterized enzyme deficiencies result in overt disease, some of the most common enzyme deficiencies in humans form the basis of blood groups. These carbohydrate blood groups impact fundamental areas of clinical medicine, including the risk of infection and severity of infectious disease, bleeding risk, transfusion medicine, and tissue/organ transplantation. In this review, we examine the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate-based blood group antigen biosynthesis and their expression within the human population. We also consider the evolutionary selective pressures, e.g. malaria, that may account for the variation in carbohydrate structures and the implications of this biology for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Philip Jajosky
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Biconcavity Inc, Lilburn, GA, USA
| | - Shang-Chuen Wu
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leon Zheng
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Audrey N. Jajosky
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, West Henrietta, NY, USA
| | | | - Cassandra D. Josephson
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute and Blood Bank/Transfusion Medicine Division, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
- Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marie A. Hollenhorst
- Department of Pathology and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Translational Glycobiology Institute, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Connie M. Arthur
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sean R. Stowell
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Vallier M, Suwandi A, Ehrhardt K, Belheouane M, Berry D, Čepić A, Galeev A, Johnsen JM, Grassl GA, Baines JF. Pathometagenomics reveals susceptibility to intestinal infection by Morganella to be mediated by the blood group-related B4galnt2 gene in wild mice. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2164448. [PMID: 36683151 PMCID: PMC9872957 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2164448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious disease is widely considered to be a major driver of evolution. A preponderance of signatures of balancing selection at blood group-related genes is thought to be driven by inherent trade-offs in susceptibility to disease. B4galnt2 is subject to long-term balancing selection in house mice, where two divergent allele classes direct alternative tissue-specific expression of a glycosyltransferase in the intestine versus blood vessels. The blood vessel allele class leads to prolonged bleeding times similar to von Willebrand disease in humans, yet has been maintained for millions of years. Based on in vivo functional studies in inbred lab strains, it is hypothesized that the cost of prolonged bleeding times may be offset by an evolutionary trade-off involving susceptibility to a yet unknown pathogen(s). To identify candidate pathogens for which resistance could be mediated by B4galnt2 genotype, we here employed a novel "pathometagenomic" approach in a wild mouse population, which combines bacterial 16S rRNA gene-based community profiling with histopathology of gut tissue. Through subsequent isolation, genome sequencing and controlled experiments in lab mice, we show that the presence of the blood vessel allele is associated with resistance to a newly identified subspecies of Morganella morganii, a clinically important opportunistic pathogen. Given the increasing importance of zoonotic events, the approach outlined here may find useful application in the detection of emerging diseases in wild animal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Vallier
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Abdulhadi Suwandi
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| | - Katrin Ehrhardt
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| | - Meriem Belheouane
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - David Berry
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aleksa Čepić
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Alibek Galeev
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Jill M. Johnsen
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Guntram A. Grassl
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| | - John F. Baines
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
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ALG2 inhibits the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stemness of ovarian granulosa cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Genetic association and Mendelian randomization for hypothyroidism highlight immune molecular mechanisms. iScience 2022; 25:104992. [PMID: 36093044 PMCID: PMC9460554 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We carried out a genome-wide association analysis including 51,194 cases of hypothyroidism and 443,383 controls. In total, 139 risk loci were associated to hypothyroidism with genes involved in lymphocyte function. Candidate genes associated with hypothyroidism were identified by using molecular quantitative trait loci, colocalization, and enhancer-promoter chromatin looping. Mendelian randomization (MR) identified 42 blood expressed genes and circulating proteins as candidate causal molecules in hypothyroidism. Drug-gene interaction analysis provided evidence that immune checkpoint and tyrosine kinase inhibitors used in cancer therapy increase the risk of hypothyroidism. Hence, integrative mapping and MR support that expression of genes and proteins enriched in lymphocyte function are associated with the risk of hypothyroidism and provide genetic evidence for drug-induced hypothyroidism and identify actionable potential drug targets. GWAS for hypothyroidism identified 139 risk loci including 76 novel associations GWAS was enriched in pathways related to lymphocyte function In total, 28 potentially deleterious missense variants were identified Mendelian randomization and colocalization identified 61 blood causal candidate genes
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Cazals A, Rau A, Estellé J, Bruneau N, Coville JL, Menanteau P, Rossignol MN, Jardet D, Bevilacqua C, Bed’Hom B, Velge P, Calenge F. Comparative analysis of the caecal tonsil transcriptome in two chicken lines experimentally infected with Salmonella Enteritidis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270012. [PMID: 35976909 PMCID: PMC9384989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Managing Salmonella enterica Enteritidis (SE) carriage in chicken is necessary to ensure human food safety and enhance the economic, social and environmental sustainability of chicken breeding. Salmonella can contaminate poultry products, causing human foodborne disease and economic losses for farmers. Both genetic selection for a decreased carriage and gut microbiota modulation strategies could reduce Salmonella propagation in farms. Two-hundred and twenty animals from the White Leghorn inbred lines N and 61 were raised together on floor, infected by SE at 7 days of age, transferred into isolators to prevent oro-fecal recontamination and euthanized at 12 days post-infection. Caecal content DNA was used to measure individual Salmonella counts (ISC) by droplet digital PCR. A RNA sequencing approach was used to measure gene expression levels in caecal tonsils after infection of 48 chicks with low or high ISC. The analysis between lines identified 7516 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) corresponding to 62 enriched Gene Ontology (GO) Biological Processes (BP) terms. A comparison between low and high carriers allowed us to identify 97 DEGs and 23 enriched GO BP terms within line 61, and 1034 DEGs and 288 enriched GO BP terms within line N. Among these genes, we identified several candidate genes based on their putative functions, including FUT2 or MUC4, which could be involved in the control of SE infection, maybe through interactions with commensal bacteria. Altogether, we were able to identify several genes and pathways associated with differences in SE carriage level. These results are discussed in relation to individual caecal microbiota compositions, obtained for the same animals in a previous study, which may interact with host gene expression levels for the control of the caecal SE load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Cazals
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Mouse Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Rau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- BioEcoAgro Joint Research Unit, INRAE, Université de Liège, Université de Lille, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Peronne, France
| | - Jordi Estellé
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Nicolas Bruneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coville
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | - Deborah Jardet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Claudia Bevilacqua
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Bertrand Bed’Hom
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Velge
- UMR ISP, INRAE, Université F. Rabelais, Nouzilly, France
| | - Fanny Calenge
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- * E-mail:
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Suwandi A, Alvarez KG, Galeev A, Steck N, Riedel CU, Puente JL, Baines JF, Grassl GA. B4galnt2-mediated host glycosylation influences the susceptibility to Citrobacter rodentium infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:980495. [PMID: 36033875 PMCID: PMC9403859 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.980495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histo-blood group antigens in the intestinal mucosa play important roles in host–microbe interactions and modulate the susceptibility to enteric pathogens. The B4galnt2 gene, expressed in the GI tract of most mammals, including humans, encodes a beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase enzyme which catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of the Sd(a) and Cad blood group antigens by adding an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue to the precursor molecules. In our study, we found that loss of B4galnt2 expression is associated with increased susceptibility to Citrobacter rodentium infection, a murine model pathogen for human enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. We observed increased histopathological changes upon C. rodentium infection in mice lacking B4galnt2 compared to B4galnt2-expressing wild-type mice. In addition, wild-type mice cleared the C. rodentium infection faster than B4galnt2−/− knockout mice. It is known that C. rodentium uses its type 1 fimbriae adhesive subunit to bind specifically to D-mannose residues on mucosal cells. Flow cytometry analysis of intestinal epithelial cells showed the absence of GalNAc-modified glycans but an increase in mannosylated glycans in B4galnt2-deficient mice compared to B4galnt2-sufficient mice. Adhesion assays using intestinal epithelial organoid-derived monolayers revealed higher C. rodentium adherence to cells lacking B4galnt2 expression compared to wild-type cells which in turn was reduced in the absence of type I fimbriae. In summary, we show that B4galnt2 expression modulates the susceptibility to C. rodentium infection, which is partly mediated by fimbriae-mannose interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhadi Suwandi
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Center of Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kris Gerard Alvarez
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alibek Galeev
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Natalie Steck
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian U. Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - José Luis Puente
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - John F. Baines
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Guntram A. Grassl
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
- *Correspondence: Guntram A. Grassl,
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11
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Hu M, Zhang X, Li J, Chen L, He X, Sui T. Fucosyltransferase 2: A Genetic Risk Factor for Intestinal Diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:940196. [PMID: 35923409 PMCID: PMC9339987 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.940196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The fucosyltransferase 2 gene (FUT2) mediates the synthesis of histoblood group antigens (HBGA) that occur in vivo from multiple organs, particularly on the surface of intestinal epithelial cells and body fluids. To date, many studies have demonstrated that the interaction of HBGA with the host microbiota is the cause of pathogenesis of intestinal diseases, making FUT2 non-secretor a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to the lack of HBGA. As HBGA also acts as an attachment site for norovirus (NoV) and rotavirus (RV), the non-secretor becomes a protective factor for both viral infections. In addition, the interaction of norovirus and rotavirus with symbiotic bacteria has been found to play an important role in regulating enteroviral infection in IBD. Given the current incomplete understanding of the complex phenomenon and the underlying pathogenesis of intestinal diseases such as IBD, it has recently been hypothesized that the FUT2 gene regulates intestinal bacteria through attachment sites, may help to unravel the role of FUT2 and intestinal flora in the mechanism of intestinal diseases in the future, and provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases through more in-depth studies.
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12
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Bleuler-Martinez S, Varrot A, Olieric V, Schubert M, Vogt E, Fetz C, Wohlschlager T, Plaza DF, Wälti M, Duport Y, Capitani G, Aebi M, Künzler M. Structure-function relationship of a novel fucoside-binding fruiting body lectin from Coprinopsis cinerea exhibiting nematotoxic activity. Glycobiology 2022; 32:600-615. [PMID: 35323921 PMCID: PMC9191617 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are non-immunoglobulin-type proteins that bind to specific carbohydrate epitopes and play important roles in intra- and inter-organismic interactions. Here, we describe a novel fucose-specific lectin, termed CML1, which we identified from fruiting body extracts of Coprinopsis cinerea. For further characterization, the coding sequence for CML1 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Feeding of CML1-producing bacteria inhibited larval development of the bacterivorous nematode Caenorhabditis tropicalis, but not of C. elegans. The crystal structure of the recombinant protein in its apo-form and in complex with H type I or Lewis A blood group antigens was determined by X-ray crystallography. The protein folds as a sandwich of 2 antiparallel β-sheets and forms hexamers resulting from a trimer of dimers. The hexameric arrangement was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). One carbohydrate-binding site per protomer was found at the dimer interface with both protomers contributing to ligand binding, resulting in a hexavalent lectin. In terms of lectin activity of recombinant CML1, substitution of the carbohydrate-interacting residues His54, Asn55, Trp94, and Arg114 by Ala abolished carbohydrate-binding and nematotoxicity. Although no similarities to any characterized lectin were found, sequence alignments identified many non-characterized agaricomycete proteins. These results suggest that CML1 is the founding member of a novel family of fucoside-binding lectins involved in the defense of agaricomycete fruiting bodies against predation by fungivorous nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bleuler-Martinez
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Vincent Olieric
- Swiss Light Source (SLS), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Mario Schubert
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eva Vogt
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Céline Fetz
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Therese Wohlschlager
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Fernando Plaza
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Martin Wälti
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yannick Duport
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Guido Capitani
- Swiss Light Source (SLS), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Markus Aebi
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Künzler
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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13
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Urine Microscopy Score and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio at Presentation are Good Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Upper Urinary Tract Infection when Assessed in Correlation with Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli and Blood Group Secretor Status. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a leading cause of morbidity in urinary tract infection (UTI). We aimed to identify simple biomarkers and bacterial virulence factors associated with AKI in a setting of upper UTI due to uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). We designed a cross-sectional study to analyse biomarkers of AKI in upper UTI patients. A total of 2758 patients presenting to a tertiary care center with symptoms of upper UTI were assessed for the presence of diabetes mellitus, AKI, blood group non-secretors, urine microscopy and hemogram. 300 patients with UPEC in bacterial culture were studied for bacterial virulence factors by phenotypic and genotypic methods and the patients were followed up for a minimum period of two weeks. Patients with diabetes mellitus, non-secretors, Urine microscopy (UM) score > 2 and higher (> 3.9) neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at initial presentation, were found to be significantly associated with AKI at presentation and predicted AKI at 7th and 14th day follow up. They were also significantly associated with need and increased duration of hospitalization. There was no association of virulence factors of UPEC with diabetes mellitus, AKI or need for hospitalization. However, virulence factors had a significant association (p<0.001)with non-secretors. UM score and NLR are simple tools to identify AKI at presentation and predict AKI during follow-up and the need for hospitalization. Patients with diabetes mellitus and non-secretors are also at higher risk of AKI. Non-secretors are significantly associated with both phenotypic and genotypic expression of virulence factors of UPEC.
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14
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Wavelet-Vermuse C, Groux-Degroote S, Vicogne D, Cogez V, Venturi G, Trinchera M, Brysbaert G, Krzewinski-Recchi MA, Hadj Bachir E, Schulz C, Vincent A, Van Seuningen I, Harduin-Lepers A. Analysis of the proximal promoter of the human colon-specific B4GALNT2 (Sd a synthase) gene: B4GALNT2 is transcriptionally regulated by ETS1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2021; 1864:194747. [PMID: 34500083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2021.194747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sda antigen and corresponding biosynthetic enzyme B4GALNT2 are primarily expressed in normal colonic mucosa and are down-regulated to a variable degree in colon cancer tissues. Although their expression profile is well studied, little is known about the underlying regulatory mechanisms. METHODS To clarify the molecular basis of Sda expression in the human gastrointestinal tract, we investigated the transcriptional regulation of the human B4GALNT2 gene. The proximal promoter region was delineated using luciferase assays and essential trans-acting factors were identified through transient overexpression and silencing of several transcription factors. RESULTS A short cis-regulatory region restricted to the -72 to +12 area upstream of the B4GALNT2 short-type transcript variant contained the essential promoter activity that drives the expression of the human B4GALNT2 regardless of the cell type. We further showed that B4GALNT2 transcriptional activation mostly requires ETS1 and to a lesser extent SP1. CONCLUSIONS Results presented herein are expected to provide clues to better understand B4GALNT2 regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Wavelet-Vermuse
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sophie Groux-Degroote
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Dorothée Vicogne
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Virginie Cogez
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Giulia Venturi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Building, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Trinchera
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Guillaume Brysbaert
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Elsa Hadj Bachir
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020 - U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Céline Schulz
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Audrey Vincent
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020 - U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020 - U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne Harduin-Lepers
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France.
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15
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The Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewis a/x and Sd a: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215273. [PMID: 34771437 PMCID: PMC8582462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The glycosyltransferase β1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferae 2 (B4GALNT2), product of the B4GALNT2 gene is responsible for the biosynthesis of the carbohydrate antigen Sda. Both the enzyme and its cognate antigen display a restricted pattern of tissue expression and modulation in colorectal, gastric, and mammary cancers. In colorectal cancer, B4GALNT2 is generally downregulated, but patients displaying higher expression survive longer. The sialyl Lewisa and sialyl Lewisx antigens are associated with malignancy. Their biosynthesis and that of Sda are mutually exclusive. Forced expression of B4GALNT2 in colorectal cancer cell lines modulates the transcriptome towards lower malignancy, reducing stemness. These effects are independent of B4GALNT2-induced sLea/sLex inhibition. Thus, B4GALNT2 is a marker of better prognosis and a cancer-restraining enzyme in colorectal cancer, with a therapeutic potential. Abstract Terminal carbohydrate structures are particularly relevant in oncology because they can serve as cancer markers and alter the phenotype of cancer cells. The Sda antigen and the sialyl Lewisx and sialyl Lewisa (sLex and sLea) antigens are terminal structures whose biosynthesis is mutually exclusive. In this review, we describe the main features of the Sda antigen in cancer and its relationship with sLex/a antigens. Information was obtained from an extensive literature search and from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) public database. The Sda biosynthetic enzyme B4GALNT2 undergoes downregulation in colorectal (CRC) and stomach cancer, while it is ectopically expressed by a minority of breast cancer (BRCA) patients. High expression of B4GALNT2 is associated with better prognosis and a less malignant gene expression profile in CRC, while the opposite occurs in BRCA. The regulation of B4GALNT2 expression in CRC is multifactorial, involving gene methylation and miRNA expression. Forced expression of B4GALNT2 inhibited sLea/sLex and reduced malignancy and stemness in cells constitutively expressing sLex/a antigens. However, consistent effects were observed upon B4GALNT2 forced expression and in cells not expressing sLex/a antigens. Thus, B4GALNT2 and the Sda antigen exert a tumor-restraining activity in CRC and probably other gastrointestinal cancers, independently of sLex/a antigens.
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16
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Predisposition of Blood group Non-secretors to Urinary tract infection with Escherichia coli Anti-microbial Resistance and Acute Kidney Injury. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.4.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) causes significant renal damage and disease severity is compounded by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and other comorbidities in the patient. Blood group antigens secreted in body fluids (secretor status) are known to play a role in bacterial adhesion and we studied its influence on AMR in UTI. A total of 2758 patients with UTI were studied with urine culture, qualitative and semiquantitative urine microscopy, serum creatinine and secretor status in saliva samples by adsorption-inhibition method. Of these, AMR from 300 patients with E. coli infection were assessed as per CLSI 2019 guidelines and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes (bla TEM, bla CTX-M, bla SHV) and NDM1 genes were studied using TaqMan probes in Real-time polymerase chain reaction. Patients with UTI were followed up for two weeks. Female patients had higher predilection (57%) for E. coli infection while patients with diabetes or non-secretors had none. In our study, ESBL producers were seen in 62% of the E. coli isolates and fosfomycin had 100% susceptibility. Non-secretors were significantly associated with acute kidney injury (AKI), AMR and ESBL genes. Multidrug-resistance (MDR) was noted in 127/160 (79.4%) ESBL and 17/18 (94%) NDM1 gene encoding strains. Quantitative urine microscopy scoring predicted AKI both at presentation and at end of follow up. ESBL producers were common in our study population and non-secretors had a significant association with AMR genes. Urine microscopy scoring system may be a useful tool to predict AKI in patients with UTI.
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Thiagarajan S, Stephen S, Kanagamuthu S, Ambroise S, Viswanathan P, Chinnakali P, Ganesh RN. Predisposition of Blood group Non-secretors to Urinary tract infection with Escherichia coli Anti-microbial Resistance and Acute Kidney Injury. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.15.4.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) causes significant renal damage and disease severity is compounded by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and other comorbidities in the patient. Blood group antigens secreted in body fluids (secretor status) are known to play a role in bacterial adhesion and we studied its influence on AMR in UTI. A total of 2758 patients with UTI were studied with urine culture, qualitative and semiquantitative urine microscopy, serum creatinine and secretor status in saliva samples by adsorption-inhibition method. Of these, AMR from 300 patients with E. coli infection were assessed as per CLSI 2019 guidelines and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes (bla TEM, bla CTX-M, bla SHV) and NDM1 genes were studied using TaqMan probes in Real-time polymerase chain reaction. Patients with UTI were followed up for two weeks. Female patients had higher predilection (57%) for E. coli infection while patients with diabetes or non-secretors had none. In our study, ESBL producers were seen in 62% of the E. coli isolates and fosfomycin had 100% susceptibility. Non-secretors were significantly associated with acute kidney injury (AKI), AMR and ESBL genes. Multidrug-resistance (MDR) was noted in 127/160 (79.4%) ESBL and 17/18 (94%) NDM1 gene encoding strains. Quantitative urine microscopy scoring predicted AKI both at presentation and at end of follow up. ESBL producers were common in our study population and non-secretors had a significant association with AMR genes. Urine microscopy scoring system may be a useful tool to predict AKI in patients with UTI.
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