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Zeng Y, Pan T, Sun M. The influencing factors of stigma towards people with mental illness among nursing students: a mixed-method systematic review. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2024; 29:2376802. [PMID: 38970824 PMCID: PMC11229721 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2376802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The stigma of nursing students towards people with mental illness (PMI) creates significant barriers to diagnosis, treatment, and recovery for those with PMI. It can also have a significant impact on the future career choices of nursing students in the field of psychiatry. Current research has found various influencing factors, including personal characteristics and educational influences. However, a comprehensive analysis that encompasses all aspects is lacking. The aim of the study was to conduct a convergent mixed-method systematic review to synthesize the influencing factors of the stigma of nursing students towards PMI according to Framework Integrating Normative Influences on Stigma (FINIS) at micro, meso, and macro levels. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched from 1990 to 31 December 2023. The reference lists of the included literature were further checked to identify potentially relevant articles. Two authors independently screened all titles, abstracts, and full-text articles and extracted data. Study quality was assessed by two authors using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). A total of 4865 articles were initially retrieved, and 73 of these articles were included. The results suggested that the stigma towards PMI by nursing students was influenced by micro, meso and macro levels. At each FINIS level, the most frequent influencing factors are personal characteristics, the treatment system and media images. Numerous interconnected factors exert an influence on the stigma towards PMI among nursing students. Our research can be used to identify barriers and facilitators to nursing students' stigma towards PMI and to provide supporting information for interventions designed to reduce this stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zeng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Nursing, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Sun
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi City, China
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Alyousef SM. Saudi Arabian Nurses' Motivations and Barriers to Employment in Inpatient Mental Health Facilities: A Qualitative Investigation. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024:10783903241260734. [PMID: 38902999 DOI: 10.1177/10783903241260734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shortage of inpatient psychiatric mental health care nurses in Saudi Arabia represents an important health care challenge. AIM The aim of this study was to illuminate perspectives of psychiatric mental health nurses employed in psychiatric inpatient settings about their employment experiences. METHOD This study adopted an exploratory qualitative approach using thematic content analysis. Ten professional nurses with psychiatric inpatient caring experience participated in two focus groups composed of Master of Nursing students. RESULTS Four main themes emerged: inadequate professional skills and knowledge for psychiatric mental health care practice, negative public attitudes toward psychiatric/mental health nurses, concerns for personal safety, and alternatives and advantages. The findings of this study suggest that nurses' lack of interest in working in psychiatric units is not merely personal but also social and organizational. CONCLUSIONS The study findings may encourage managers and authorities to develop measures to attract more mental health nurses to work in psychiatric units. Such strategies may include modification of nurses' skills, training, and professional knowledge, collegial supervision, mentoring, and working conditions and environment.
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Chen YH, Hsiao CY, Chien HW. Attitudes Toward People With Schizophrenia Among Undergraduate Nursing Students. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024; 30:313-321. [PMID: 35620801 DOI: 10.1177/10783903221096360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative attitudes toward mental disorders are not only an interpersonal issue but also a concern of mental health care. Given that nursing students are future health care providers, it is pivotal to improve their attitudes toward individuals with mental disorders prior to their transition into clinical practice. However, research on nursing students' attitudes in relation to schizophrenia in Taiwan remains unexplored. AIM The aim of this article is to examine the correlates of attitudes toward individuals with schizophrenia among Taiwanese undergraduate nursing students. METHOD A descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study was adopted. Self-reported questionnaires were conducted with a convenience sample of 306 Taiwanese undergraduate nursing students. Descriptive statistics, independent t tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlations, and a stepwise regression analysis were performed. RESULTS Nursing students expressed negative attitudes toward individuals with schizophrenia. Nursing students, who were female, had contact with individuals with mental disorders, and expressed greater empathy and personality traits held more favorable attitudes toward individuals with schizophrenia. The study found that empathy, personality traits, and academic year were the most crucial attributes contributing to attitudes of nursing students toward individuals with schizophrenia. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that nursing education programs with empathy- and personality-tailored modules in mental health are pivotal to provide humanistic approaches with supportive attitudes regarding schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Han Chen
- Yi-Han Chen, BSN, RN, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chiu-Yueh Hsiao
- Chiu-Yueh Hsiao, PhD, RN, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hui-Wen Chien
- Hui-Wen Chien, PhD, RN, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Mansouri F, Darvishpour A. Nursing students' metaphors of first clinical experiences of encountering patients with mental disorders. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:95. [PMID: 38311756 PMCID: PMC10838411 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01780-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric wards are one of the most stressful medical centers. Apprenticeship in mental health can cause feelings of stress and anxiety among nursing students. Investigating nursing students' beliefs about mental illnesses is very important to improve nursing education. The present study aimed to identify nursing students' metaphors for their first clinical experiences of encountering patients with mental disorders. METHODS This descriptive qualitative study was conducted on 18 undergraduate nursing students studying in two nursing colleges at Guilan University of Medical Sciences, in the north of Iran, in 2022. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Critical Metaphor Analysis by the MAXQDA 2007 software. RESULTS The analysis of nursing students' metaphors led to the emergence of 36 metaphors and 5 categories. These categories were "experience of dealing with a mental patient is similar to fear mixed with excitement", " patient is similar to an errant human", " psychiatric hospital is similar to a prison", "nurse is similar to a prison guard", and "clinical instructor is similar to a supporter, sympathetic and knowledgeable friend". CONCLUSIONS The results showed their negative attitude towards the psychiatric hospital and health care providers. It is suggested that the findings of this study be taken into consideration in the planning of clinical education of nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mansouri
- Department of Nursing, Zeyinab (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Azar Darvishpour
- Department of Nursing, Zeyinab (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Özdemir Ö, Kaya Y, Adagide S. Nursing Students' Attitudes Toward Seeking Psychological Help Associated to Self-Stigma and Perceived Social Stigma. J Caring Sci 2023; 12:221-227. [PMID: 38250005 PMCID: PMC10799273 DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2023.33094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nursing students often experience stress due to their educational demands and developmental stage. This study focuses on nursing students to investigate the relationship between their attitudes toward seeking psychological help and their levels of perceived self-stigma and social stigma. Methods This was a descriptive correlational study, in which 791 nursing students participated through convenience sampling between April and May 2022. Data were collected using the Attitude Towards Seeking Psychological Help Scale-R (ASPH-R), the Stigma Scale for Receiving Psychological Help (SSRPH), and the Self-Stigma of Seeking Help (SSOSH). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. The article adheres to the STROBE checklist in its organization and presentation. Results Positive attitudes towards seeking psychological help were negatively correlated with self-stigma (r=-0.39, P<0.01) and social stigma perceptions (r=-0.17, P<0.01), while negative attitudes were positively correlated with self-stigma (r=0.50, P<0.01) and social stigma (r=0.47, P<0.01). Variables of sex, age, self-stigma, and social stigma significantly contributed to explaining attitudes towards seeking psychological help. Conclusion Social stigma and particularly self-stigma significantly influence nursing students' attitudes towards seeking psychological help. Therefore, it is recommended that authorities develop psychoeducational interventions aimed at enhancing nursing students' mental health awareness and reducing self-stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özcan Özdemir
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Kilis 7 Aralık University Yusuf Şerefoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences, Kilis, Turkey
| | - Yunus Kaya
- Department of Child Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Simla Adagide
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
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Giralt Palou R, Prat Vigué G, Torà Suarez N, Romeu-Labayen M, Tort-Nasarre G. The development of positive attitudes toward mental health among university nursing students: Countering the role of social desirability. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1680-1690. [PMID: 34873707 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyses the evolution of attitudes of nursing students towards mental health, paying particular attention to the influence of social desirability. DESIGN AND METHODS Prospective longitudinal repeated-measures study in a sample of nursing students who completed the Community Attitudes toward Mental Illness scale and The Social Desirability Scale. FINDINGS After their training, and after adjusting for social desirability, students of female gender recognized attitudes that foster humanistic values than their male counterparts. However, attitudes of restrictiveness and authoritarianism continued to be manifested significantly when the students themselves had mental health problems (MHPs), had had previous training, or were older. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS University courses should continue to foster attitudes of acceptance and destigmatization of people with MHPs, through responses that value authenticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Giralt Palou
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Barcelona, Spain.,SaMIS Group, Division of Mental Health, Althaia Foundation, Manresa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Prat Vigué
- SaMIS Group, Division of Mental Health, Althaia Foundation, Manresa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Torà Suarez
- Research & Innovation Unit, Althaia Foundation, Manresa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Romeu-Labayen
- Mental health department, Adult Mental Health Center Horta Guinardo, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Mother-Infant Nursing, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Glòria Tort-Nasarre
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Barcelona, Spain.,GREpS, Health Education Research Group, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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Lin CH, Lai TY, Chen YJ, Lin SK. Social distance towards schizophrenia in health professionals. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2022; 14:e12506. [PMID: 34915596 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The stigma and prejudice of the public regarding psychiatric disorders are a long-standing social problem. However, health professionals are more likely to have negative attitudes and label people with mental health conditions. This study aimed to investigate how self-rated familiarity and literacy about schizophrenia are related to social distancing towards schizophrenia patients among health professionals in Taiwan. METHOD This study used a cross-sectional questionnaire survey and invited respondents to complete the survey either electronically or in a pencil/paper format. Respondents included health professionals in different disciplines and students under medical placements. The survey instrument consists of three parts: sociodemographic information, the 18-item Social Distance Scale for schizophrenia, and the 19-item Schizophrenia Experience and Knowledge Questionnaires. Data were analyzed using linear regression models to explore sociodemographic factors, self-rated familiarity, and literacy total scores about social distance, attitude, and opinions towards schizophrenia. RESULT In total, 420 health professionals completed the questionnaire, of which 24.5% were physicians, 36.0% nurses, 6.7% pharmacists, and 28.6% interns. The majority of respondents (n = 360, 85.7%) had contact experience with schizophrenia patients, and approximately 60% rated their experience as a positive impression. Although 62.9% of respondents had received psychiatric education or training, 86% believed that such education/training was insufficient. Moreover, over half of the respondents did not have confidence in their knowledge of schizophrenia. Older age, being married, and having more working experience were associated with high social distance, a negative attitude, and high prejudice. More familiarity with schizophrenia was associated with low social distance, a positive attitude, and less prejudice. A high literacy score was associated with a positive attitude and less prejudice, but no significant correlation was observed with social distance (β ± SE = -0.26 ± 0.14, p = .057). Among respondents who rated their past contact experiences as negative, neither familiarity nor literacy was associated with social distance. CONCLUSION High levels of self-rated familiarity and high literacy about schizophrenia were associated with low social distance, a positive attitude, and less prejudice towards schizophrenia among health professionals. Therefore, sufficient education and training are imperative to increase familiarity and knowledge of schizophrenia. Appropriate education could be implemented from different perspectives, including communication skills, resources of social support, and topics to reduce stigma and prejudice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hua Lin
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Yu Lai
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shun-Ku Lin
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Center of the General Education, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Fernandes JB, Família C, Castro C, Simões A. Stigma towards People with Mental Illness among Portuguese Nursing Students. J Pers Med 2022; 12:326. [PMID: 35330326 PMCID: PMC8955632 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stigma is a substantial obstacle when caring for people with mental illness. Nursing students' negative attitudes towards people with mental illness may impact the quality of care delivered and consequentially patient outcomes. In this study, we assessed the stigmatising attitudes and beliefs of nursing students towards people with mental illness and examined its relationship with several psycho-socio-demographic variables. This was a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive correlational study, which was developed with a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 110 nursing students. Stigmatising attitudes and beliefs were assessed using the Portuguese version of the Attribution Questionnaire AQ-27. Results show that the dimensions of stigma with higher scores were help, pity, coercion and avoidance. However, significant differences were only observed depending on the year of study (fourth-year students, who already had clinical placements in this area, are less likely to show stigma), the relationship (family is less prone to show coercion), the history of mental health treatment (students with a history of mental health treatment have more tendency to help) and whether they considered working in the mental health field (students who have considered working in this field are less prone to show anger, avoidance and think of patients as dangerous). Therefore, we conclude that education in a classroom setting alone is not enough to reduce stigma in nursing students, clinical placement in the area is required to achieve such results. It is thus essential to improve nursing curricula worldwide so that students are exposed to both psychiatric nursing theory and clinical practice in the first years of the nursing degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio Belo Fernandes
- Escola Superior de Saúde Egas Moniz, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (C.F.); (C.C.); (A.S.)
- Grupo de Patologia Médica, Nutrição e Exercício Clínico (PaMNEC)—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Carlos Família
- Escola Superior de Saúde Egas Moniz, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (C.F.); (C.C.); (A.S.)
- Grupo de Patologia Médica, Nutrição e Exercício Clínico (PaMNEC)—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Molecular Pathology and Forensic Biochemistry Laboratory (MPFBL), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cidália Castro
- Escola Superior de Saúde Egas Moniz, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (C.F.); (C.C.); (A.S.)
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Aida Simões
- Escola Superior de Saúde Egas Moniz, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (C.F.); (C.C.); (A.S.)
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
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Subu MA, Wati DF, Netrida N, Priscilla V, Dias JM, Abraham MS, Slewa-Younan S, Al-Yateem N. Types of stigma experienced by patients with mental illness and mental health nurses in Indonesia: a qualitative content analysis. Int J Ment Health Syst 2021; 15:77. [PMID: 34663399 PMCID: PMC8524985 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-021-00502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stigma refers to the discrediting, devaluing, and shaming of a person because of characteristics or attributes that they possess. Generally, stigma leads to negative social experiences such as isolation, rejection, marginalization, and discrimination. If related to a health condition such as mental illness, stigma may affect a person's illness and treatment course, including access to appropriate and professional medical treatment. Stigma has also been reported to affect patients' families or relatives, along with professionals who work in mental healthcare settings. Stigma is strongly influenced by cultural and contextual value systems that differ over time and across contexts. However, limited information is available on how types of stigma are experienced by patients with mental illness and mental health nurses in Indonesia. METHOD We explored the stigma-related experiences of 15 nurses and 15 patients in Indonesia. The study design and analysis of interview data were guided by deductive (directed) content analysis. RESULTS Five themes emerged. Four themes were patient-related: personal/patients' stigma, public/social stigma, family stigma, and employment stigma. The fifth theme related to stigma toward healthcare professionals working with patients with mental illnesses, which we categorized as professional stigma. CONCLUSIONS This study has achieved a deep understanding of the concept of stigma in the Indonesian context. This understanding is a prerequisite for developing appropriate interventions that address this phenomenon and thereby for the development of mental health services in Indonesia. This study may also be transferable to other countries that share similar cultural backgrounds and adhere to traditional and religious value systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nabeel Al-Yateem
- University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia.
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Eren HK, Gürhan N. Determination of the relationship between the beliefs of nursing students toward mental illnesses and their empathic tendency levels. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1034-1040. [PMID: 33103786 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the beliefs and empathic tendency levels of nursing students toward mental illnesses and to examine the relationship between them. DESIGN AND METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted with 335 nursing students. The data collection tools were the Personal Information Form, Beliefs Toward Mental Illnesses Scale, and the Empathic Tendency Scale. FINDINGS Nursing students have positive beliefs about mental illness. It was found that female students, and students who received information about mental health had higher levels of empathic tendency. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS It was found that the level of empathic tendency does not affect attitudes toward mental illnesses. In nursing education curriculum, it is recommended to plan psychosocial practices to improve their attitudes toward mental illnesses and to reduce stigmatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Kök Eren
- Department of Mental Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Nermin Gürhan
- Department of Mental Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Babicki M, Małecka M, Kowalski K, Bogudzińska B, Piotrowski P. Stigma Levels Toward Psychiatric Patients Among Medical Students-A Worldwide Online Survey Across 65 Countries. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:798909. [PMID: 34966314 PMCID: PMC8710677 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.798909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: According to epidemiological data, over 450 million people worldwide suffer from mental disorders, presenting one of the major challenges of modern medicine. In their everyday lives, patients, in addition to fighting the disease itself, often struggle with stigmatization. This phenomenon negatively affects both the diagnostic and therapeutic processes, as well as the patients' everyday functioning. This study aimed to assess stigma attitudes toward psychiatry and psychiatric patients among undergraduate medical students. Methods: This study used a Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI), which included the standardized items from the Mental Illness: Clinicians' Attitudes (MICA-2) scale to evaluate stigma. The study was disseminated via the internet to students from medical universities from 65 countries worldwide. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. The study involved 1,216 students from these 65 countries. Most of the sample were women, and most were medical faculty students and students living in cities with more than 500,000 residents. Taking into consideration Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and Human Development Index (HDI) variables, it can be seen that there was a prevalence of medical students from highly developed countries. Results: For the whole sample, the mean MICA-2 score was 40.5 points. Women and medical and nursing students showed more positive attitudes toward psychiatric patients. Students from countries with the highest economic development levels also achieved statistically lower MICA-2 scores. Lower score means a more positive attitude. Conclusion: Stigma toward both psychiatry and psychiatric patients is common among undergraduate medical students. Female students and respondents with a history of mental disorders in countries with high HDI and GDP per capita indices show more favorable attitudes than other medical students. There is a need to further our understanding of the problem of stigmatization, both among the general population and among medical personnel, and to implement and maintain appropriate measures to reduce stigma toward psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Babicki
- Department of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Małecka
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kowalski
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bogna Bogudzińska
- Students' Scientific Group at the Faculty of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Patryk Piotrowski
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.,Section of Epidemiology and Social Psychiatry, Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.,Division of Consultation Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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12
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Bujold A, Pariseau-Legault P, de Montigny F. [The unpopularity of mental health/psychiatry care settings among nursing students: A systematic review]. Rech Soins Infirm 2020; 141:17-37. [PMID: 32988187 DOI: 10.3917/rsi.141.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
In every population and country around the world, mental health needs are great and are on the rise. Through their training and their vast field of expertise, nurses are an important lever for addressing the issue of accessibility in these care settings. While the increase in the number of new nursing graduates should have helped this issue, recent data show a sharp increase in the shortage of nurses in these care settings. This systematic review (n=40) using the CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycArticles, and Scopus databases aims to explore why psychiatric and mental health care settings are unpopular with the next generation of nurses. Guided by Parse's theory, this review identifies three major themes : (1) nursing students' perspectives on mental health issues, (2) the influences of educational interventions on these perspectives, and (3) the factors facilitating and constraining a career in these care settings for new nursing graduates. These results enable a better understanding of what can affect the recruitment of new graduate nurses in mental health/psychiatry, while proposing various levers of intervention to specifically address this issue.
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Level of Stigma among Spanish Nursing Students toward Mental Illness and Associated Factors: A Mixed-Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234870. [PMID: 31816966 PMCID: PMC6926928 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mental health problems have been identified by the World Health Organization as a global development priority. Negative attitudes toward mental health patients have been documented in multiple health professionals. The aim of this study was to determine the level of stigma and associated factors toward people with mental health problems among students doing their degree in nursing. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach. A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out on a sample of 359 students doing their degree in nursing. Students had to be enrolled in any of the four years of study of the degree at the time the questionnaire was done. We explored the perception and experience of students doing their degree in nursing regarding the level of stigma, through in-depth interviews (n = 30). The mean overall Mental Health Stigma Scale (MHSS) score was 30.7 points (SD = 4.52); 29.5% (n = 106) scored low for stigma, 49.9% (n = 179) showed moderate stigma, and 20.6% (n = 74) scored high. The multivariate analysis showed that 4th-year students had an OR of 0.41 (CI95%: 0.20–0.84) for high/moderate stigma and that 3rd-year students had an OR of 0.49 for high/moderate stigma compared with 1st-year students. We also observed that students with family members with mental health problems had an OR of 2.05 (CI95%: 1.19–3.56) for high/moderate stigma compared with students who did not have family members with mental health problems. The following categories emerged: fear and lack of knowledge, breaking the silence, and integration into society. The levels of mental health stigma in our sample of nursing students were moderate. Stigma levels were lower in 3rd- and 4th-year students (i.e., after having received training in mental health), and in students with family members with mental health problems.
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