1
|
Öztürk S, Hiçdurmaz D. Development and Psychometric Testing of the: Efficacy Perception Scale for Suicide Risk Management for Oncology Nurses. Semin Oncol Nurs 2024:151740. [PMID: 39322520 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2024.151740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oncology patients are one of the groups with high suicide risk and it is emphasized that oncology nurses' suicide risk management knowledge and skills are insufficient. Several studies have underlined the need to create training programs specifically for oncology nurses to increase their level of awareness, knowledge, skill, and efficacy in recognizing and managing suicide risk. A valid and reliable scale is required to assess the efficacy of suicide risk management for oncology nurses. This study aimed to develop the Efficacy Perception Scale for Suicide Risk Management for Oncology Nurses and evaluate its psychometric properties. METHODS This methodological study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, the authors conducted a literature review and qualitative study and examined other efficacy scales to generate items. In the second stage, the validity and reliability of the 26 items were determined. The scale content was validated based on feedback from 10 experts. Exploratory analysis of the scale was conducted with the data of 234 oncology nurses. Internal consistency and 2-week test-retest stability measured reliability. RESULTS The scale's items met the required level of content validity (content validity rate = 0,62), were found to be understandable by 15 nurse (face validity), and all 26 items were retained in the item pool. The exploratory factor analysis extracted a unifactorial solution for the scale. The value of Cronbach's alpha for the scale was 0.96, and the inter-class reliability coefficient was 0.92. CONCLUSION The scale is a valid and reliable scale that might be used to assess the efficacy perception of oncology nurses for suicide risk management. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE The assessment of oncology nurses' perceptions of efficacy in suicide risk management may enable the identification of training needs and the development of the content of suicide prevention trainings in parallel with the needs of nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Öztürk
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, Samanpazarı, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Duygu Hiçdurmaz
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, Samanpazarı, Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Camacho E, Masood FA. Pediatric Suicide: Supporting Nurses on the Front Lines. AACN Adv Crit Care 2024; 35:258-264. [PMID: 39213624 DOI: 10.4037/aacnacc2024854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Camacho
- Elena Camacho is Suicide Prevention Specialist I, Behavioral Health Services, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 444 Butterfly Gardens Dr, Columbus, OH 43215
| | - Fatimah A Masood
- Fatimah A. Masood is Suicide Prevention Specialist II, Behavioral Health Services, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Quarshie ENB, Oppong Asante K, Andoh-Arthur J, Akotia CS, Osafo J. To Keep the Law or to Repeal It: Views of Parliamentarians On the Call to Decriminalise Attempted Suicide in Ghana. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2024; 89:39-56. [PMID: 34967674 PMCID: PMC11017692 DOI: 10.1177/00302228211066683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We explored the views of members of parliament (MPs) in Ghana on the call to decriminalise attempted suicide. We applied reflexive thematic analysis to Parliamentary Hansards (2017-2020) on calls to decriminalise attempted suicide in Ghana. 11 MPs shared their stance for or against the call. We developed three major themes that entailed, often, opposing views: (1) deterrent effect of the law (against: the law punishes and deters to protect life; for: the law is insensitive and has ironic effects), (2) enforcement of the law (against: leave things as they are, the law is not enforced, anyway; for: crime is not self-inflicted) and (3) prioritisation of suicide prevention (against: focus on more pressing issues, but resource support systems; for: the law and legitimate support systems cannot co-exist). The findings indicate two needs: to extend suicide literacy to Ghanaian MPs, and to initiate a public/private member's bill on attempted suicide decriminalisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Centre for Suicide and Violence Research, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kwaku Oppong Asante
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Centre for Suicide and Violence Research, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Johnny Andoh-Arthur
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Centre for Suicide and Violence Research, Accra, Ghana
| | - Charity Sylvia Akotia
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Centre for Suicide and Violence Research, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph Osafo
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Centre for Suicide and Violence Research, Accra, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shanmugavinayagam A, Usaid S, Thangaraju SI, Sinnathambi SD. A qualitative study on perspectives of undergraduate professional students on suicide and recommendations for an effective suicide prevention program. Ind Psychiatry J 2023; 32:328-333. [PMID: 38161459 PMCID: PMC10756604 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_195_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Suicide has become a leading cause of death among 15- to 39-year-olds. Recent data suggests that one student commits suicide every 60 seconds in India. One of the suicide preventive strategies adopted is the introduction of a crisis helpline for students but the effectiveness of this support in preventing suicide remains questionable. Our study aims to find out the perspectives of students on suicide and their recommendations for an effective suicide prevention program. Method A qualitative design with focus group discussions was used to collect data. A universal sampling technique was adopted and the data were analyzed using the framework method. Results A total of 830 students were divided into 70 groups with each group having 12 to 15 students participating in the focus group discussion. Several themes and subthemes emerged from the discussion. Overall, students had a poor understanding of people who attempt suicide, elaborated the factors instigating a person to make a suicidal attempt, barriers to access help and their views on effective crisis intervention service. Conclusion The study identified student perspectives on suicide and the challenges perceived by the students for the effective implementation of a crisis intervention program for suicide prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arumuganathan Shanmugavinayagam
- Department of Psychiatry, Melmaruvathur Adhiparashakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Syed Usaid
- Department of Psychiatry, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Maduranthagam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siva Ilango Thangaraju
- Department of Psychiatry, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Maduranthagam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sumithra Devi Sinnathambi
- Department of Psychiatry, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Maduranthagam, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rafati A, Janani L, Malakouti SK, Motevalian SA, Kabiri A, Pasebani Y, Shalbafan M. Evaluation of psychometric properties of the Persian version of the predicaments questionnaire, exploring social attitudes to suicide. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1061673. [PMID: 36703832 PMCID: PMC9872659 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1061673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the growing prevalence of suicide, assessing people's attitudes toward suicide is necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Predicaments Questionnaire (PQ), measuring social attitudes toward suicide. Methods This psychometrics study evaluated face validity, content validity, temporal stability, internal consistency, and construct validity. First, the questionnaire was translated into Persian by the translate-back-translate method. The Persian version was provided to 10 experts in psychiatry for further revision. Two indicators, CVR and CVI, were calculated to evaluate the content validity. To check the face validity, we prepared a form and gave it to 10 people outside the campus to submit their opinions. Temporal stability was investigated by the test-retest method, reporting Intraclass correlation (ICC). Internal consistency was assessed by reporting Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega coefficients. Construct validity was assessed using the confirmatory factor analysis to determine the number of dimensions of the questionnaire. Results A total of 151 students were enrolled with a mean age of 25 (SD = 0.32). The Persian PQ was valid in terms of content validity and face validity. Furthermore, it was reliable as Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's Omega, and the ICC were 0.94, 0.943, and 0.998, respectively. In addition, the confirmatory factor analysis yielded one dimension. Finally, after reviewing the experts' comments, the final amendments were made, and only question 29 was removed from the final version. Conclusion Consequently, the Persian version of the PQ is acceptable in terms of content validity, face validity, temporal stability, and internal consistency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rafati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Janani
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Centre, Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Kazem Malakouti
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry–School of Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Motevalian
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Department of Epidemiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kabiri
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Pasebani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Shalbafan
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Mohammadreza Shalbafan ✉
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vedana KGG, dos Santos JC, Zortea TC. The Meaning of Suicidal Behaviour for Portuguese Nursing Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14153. [PMID: 36361032 PMCID: PMC9658036 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nursing perspectives on suicidal behaviors may influence the quality of assistance and suicidal prevention. This phenomenon is scarcely investigated among nursing students. AIMS The aim of this study is to understand the meanings of suicidal behavior for Portuguese undergraduate students. METHODS This qualitative study utilized Grounded Theory and Symbolic Interactionism. We collected data in Portugal in 2017-2018 with 13 undergraduate students. RESULTS Students compared suicidal behavior to "A complex and close haze" and considered it "A neglected phenomenon". Suicidal behavior was predominantly perceived as an emotional distress that requires assistance. The students compared the person and society as "The car and the road: behavior influenced by communication and interaction" and valorized social dimensions and repercussions of suicidal behavior. LIMITATIONS Lack of triangulation in the data and the sampling restricted to nursing students of a single institution are considered limitations of this study. CONCLUSIONS This study can contribute to the development of academic education strategies and psychosocial support for nursing students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - José Carlos dos Santos
- Health Sciences Research Unit, Nursing School of Coimbra, 7001, Bissaya Barreto Avenue, 3046-851 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Carlos Zortea
- The Oxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training & Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rukundo GZ, Wakida EK, Maling S, Kaggwa MM, Sserumaga BM, Atim LM, Atuhaire CD, Obua C. Knowledge, attitudes, and experiences in suicide assessment and management: a qualitative study among primary health care workers in southwestern Uganda. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:605. [PMID: 36096787 PMCID: PMC9465925 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04244-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is one of the leading causes of death globally, with over 75% of all suicides occurring in low-and middle-income Countries. Although 25% of people have contact with their health care workers before suicide attempts, most never receive proper suicide assessment and management. We explored primary care health workers' knowledge, attitudes, and experiences in evaluating and managing suicidality in structured primary healthcare services in Uganda. METHODS This was a cross-sectional qualitative study among health workers in southwestern Uganda from purposively selected health facilities. A semi-structured interview guide was used, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 individuals (i.e., five medical doctors, two clinical officers, two midwives, and nine nurses) from 12 health facilities in the five selected districts. Four themes emerged from the discussions: a) Knowledge and attitudes of primary healthcare workers in the assessment and management of suicidality, b) Experiences in the assessment and management of suicidality, c) challenges faced by primary healthcare workers while assessing and managing suicidality, and d) Recommendations for improving assessment and management of suicidality in PHC. Most participants were knowledgeable about suicide and the associated risk factors but reported challenges in assessing and managing individuals with suicide risk. The participants freely shared individual experiences and attitudes in the assessment and management of suicide. They also proposed possible ways to improve the evaluation and management of suicidality in PHC, such as setting up a system of managing suicidality, regularizing community sensitization, and training health workers. CONCLUSION Suicidality is commonly encountered by primary health care workers in Uganda who struggle with its assessment and management. Improving the knowledge and attitudes of primary health care workers would be a big step towards ensuring equitable services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey Z Rukundo
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
- African Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda.
| | - Edith K Wakida
- African Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda
- Office of Research Administration, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Samuel Maling
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Mark M Kaggwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- African Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Baker M Sserumaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Letizia M Atim
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Clara D Atuhaire
- Office of Research Administration, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Celestino Obua
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dong HR, Seo JM. [Relationships among Knowledge and Skills about Suicide Prevention, Attitudes toward Suicide, and Burnout of Suicide Prevention Work of Nurses at Mental Health Welfare Centers: A Mixed Methods Study]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2022; 52:92-104. [PMID: 35274623 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.21189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify relationships among knowledge and skills about suicide prevention, attitudes toward suicide, and burnout of suicide prevention work of nurses at mental health welfare centers. METHODS An explanatory sequential mixed-method research was conducted. For the quantitative study, the subjects (nurses) were 133 nurses executing suicide prevention work. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. For the qualitative research, 13 nurses with high burnout scores were interviewed. The data were analyzed using theme analysis method. RESULTS Quantitative results showed the average burnout of suicide prevention work was 54.62 ± 12.51. The burnout of suicide prevention work had significant correlations with attitudes toward suicide (r = .30, p < .001) and suicide prevention skills (r = -.18, p = .037). Qualitative results showed six themes related to burnout of suicide prevention work. They were 'feeling a lack of confidence in one's suicide counselling skills', 'feeling of the limits of one's ability to cope with a suicide crisis','feeling regret for not being able to help the clients', 'being over-empathetic to the clients', 'Not being able to understand the clients because the subjects (nurses) opposes committing suicide', and 'thinking that the suicidal thoughts of suicide attempters do not improve'. CONCLUSION To reduce burnout of nurses' suicide prevention work at mental health welfare centers, there is a need to develop an educational program considering nurses' attitudes toward suicide and one to enhance their confidence in suicide prevention skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Ra Dong
- College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ji Min Seo
- College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Siau CS, Wee LH, Wahab S, Visvalingam U, Yeoh SH, Halim NAA, Ibrahim N. The influence of religious/spiritual beliefs on Malaysian hospital healthcare workers’ attitudes towards suicide and suicidal patients: a qualitative study. J Res Nurs 2021; 26:723-740. [DOI: 10.1177/17449871211008520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There has been mixed findings on whether a healthcare workers’ religious beliefs contribute positively or negatively to their attitudes towards suicidal patients. Aims This study aims to explore qualitatively the influence of religious/spiritual beliefs on healthcare workers’ attitudes towards suicide and suicidal patients in the culturally heterogeneous Malaysian population. Methods Thirty-one healthcare workers from diverse religious backgrounds, professions and medical disciplines were interviewed. Thematic analysis revealed the centrality of religion in determining healthcare workers’ acceptability of suicide, specific religious beliefs that influenced their views on the right-to-die issue, perceptions of the suicidal patient’s religiousness/spirituality, and the aspects and extent of religious relevance in professional philosophy and practice. Results Healthcare workers who could perceive the multifactorial nature of suicide causation had a more empathetic response. There were high levels of paternalism in the care of suicidal patients, involving unsolicited religious/spiritual advice practised as a form of suicide deterrent and social support. Conclusions The formal integration of religious/spiritual practices into the professional care of suicidal patients was indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching Sin Siau
- Senior Lecturer, Center for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Lei-Hum Wee
- Professor, Center for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Suzaily Wahab
- Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, UKM Medical Centre, Malaysia
| | - Uma Visvalingam
- Consultant Psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Putrajaya Hospital, Malaysia
| | - Seen Heng Yeoh
- Assistant Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia
| | - Nur Atikah Abdul Halim
- Health Education PhD Candidate, Health Education Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Norhayati Ibrahim
- Associate Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Olibamoyo O, Coker O, Adewuya A, Ogunlesi O, Sodipo O. Frequency of suicide attempts and attitudes toward suicidal behaviour among doctors and nurses in Lagos, Nigeria. S Afr J Psychiatr 2020; 26:1402. [PMID: 32832124 PMCID: PMC7433261 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v26i0.1402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Competence and attitudes toward suicidal behaviour affect practice. These attitudes may influence the consideration of suicide during personal crisis among doctors and nurses. Aim The attitudes of doctors and nurses towards suicidal behaviour was assessed using the Attitudes Toward Suicide Scale (ATTS), which was validated in another study by the authors, evaluated for the possible factors affecting this relationship and estimated the frequency of suicide attempts among doctors and nurses. Setting Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos, Nigeria. Methods The cross-sectional survey about attitudes toward suicide was done among 226 doctors and nurses working at a tertiary institute hospital in Lagos, Nigeria, using the ATTS. Sociodemographic profile and self-rated competence, commitment, empathy and irritation toward suicide were obtained. Stratified random sampling was used, data were analysed using Statistical Package for Sociological Sciences. Data was summarised, reliability of the ATTS was assured and variables compared by t-test and ANOVA. Independent predictors were identified via multiple regression (p ≤ 0.05). Results Frequency of suicide attempts of 7.50% was found among respondents with a mean age of 35.84 ± 6.76 years. Attitudes toward suicidal behaviour were slightly positive (77.92 ± 9.90) and the independent predictors of less positive attitudes were nursing profession (β = 0.025, p < 0.001) and high self-rated irritation toward suicide (β = 0.18, p < 0.01). Conclusion The frequency of suicide attempts is higher among doctors and nurses when compared to the general population. Doctors and nurses reported slightly positive attitudes toward suicidal behaviour with significant differences in the type of profession and levels of self-rated irritation toward suicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olushola Olibamoyo
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olurotimi Coker
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abiodun Adewuya
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun Ogunlesi
- Department of Psychiatry, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olujimi Sodipo
- Department of Family Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hu CS, Ji J, Huang J, Feng Z, Xie D, Li M, Liang Z, Wei Z. Wiser Reasoning and Less Disgust Have the Potential to Better Achieve Suicide Prevention. CRISIS 2020; 42:202-209. [PMID: 32781897 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: High school and university teachers need to advise students against attempting suicide, the second leading cause of death among 15-29-year-olds. Aims: To investigate the role of reasoning and emotion in advising against suicide. Method: We conducted a study with 130 students at a university that specializes in teachers' education. Participants sat in front of a camera, videotaping their advising against suicide. Three raters scored their transcribed advice on "wise reasoning" (i.e., expert forms of reasoning: considering a variety of conditions, awareness of the limitation of one's knowledge, taking others' perspectives). Four registered psychologists experienced in suicide prevention techniques rated the transcripts on the potential for suicide prevention. Finally, using the software Facereader 7.1, we analyzed participants' micro-facial expressions during advice-giving. Results: Wiser reasoning and less disgust predicted higher potential for suicide prevention. Moreover, higher potential for suicide prevention was associated with more surprise. Limitations: The actual efficacy of suicide prevention was not assessed. Conclusion: Wise reasoning and counter-stereotypic ideas that trigger surprise probably contribute to the potential for suicide prevention. This advising paradigm may help train teachers in advising students against suicide, measuring wise reasoning, and monitoring a harmful emotional reaction, that is, disgust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao S Hu
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China.,Art Therapy Psychological Research Centre, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiajia Ji
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China.,Art Therapy Psychological Research Centre, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jinhao Huang
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China.,Art Therapy Psychological Research Centre, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhe Feng
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dong Xie
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, USA
| | - Mei Li
- Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhijian Liang
- Chenggong Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sousa KAD, Ferreira MGS, Galvão EFC. Multidisciplinary health care in cases of childhood suicidal ideation: operational and organizational limits. Rev Bras Enferm 2020; 73 Suppl 1:e20190459. [PMID: 32667473 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to know the health care process performed by the multidisciplinary team in cases of suicidal ideation for children and adolescents in Primary and Secondary Care. METHODS a descriptive study with a qualitative approach carried out with 12 professionals from ESFs, EACS and CAPS II in the city of Santarém. The software IRAMUTEQ 0.7 alpha 2 was used to build the similarity tree and analyze speech content. RESULTS the word "no" is present prominently in the interviewees' speeches about experiences and strategies for coping with suicide, revealing an absence of individual preparation and structure in the segments of SUS Primary and Secondary Care. Final considerations: health team assistance finds operational and organizational limits during the implantation of intervention strategies and coping with the factors that trigger child and youth suicide. It is important to make specific resources feasible, to organize reference protocols and support programs for patients and families.
Collapse
|
13
|
Osafo J, Andoh-Arthur J. Engaging Television for Public Education and Counselling on Suicide: a Case Example from Ghana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10447-020-09398-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
14
|
Anum A, Washington-Nortey M, Dzokoto V. Strategic planning in LAMIC mental health research: A Ghana case study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2020.1719621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adote Anum
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Vivian Dzokoto
- Department of African American Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Velloza J, Njoroge J, Ngure K, Thuo N, Kiptinness C, Momanyi R, Ayub S, Gakuo S, Mugo N, Simoni J, Heffron R. Cognitive testing of the PHQ-9 for depression screening among pregnant and postpartum women in Kenya. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:31. [PMID: 31996166 PMCID: PMC6990517 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-2435-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND African women face high rates of depression, particularly during pregnancy or postpartum or after a recent HIV diagnosis. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening tool has been quantitatively validated and extensively used to identify depression and link individuals to care. However, qualitative work is necessary to identify important opportunities to improve PHQ-9 question comprehension and performance among Kenyan women. METHODS We administered the Kiswahili or English PHQ-9 (based on preference) to 29 pregnant and postpartum women in Thika, Kenya. Following administration, we conducted cognitive interviews with a purposive sample of 20 women. We used analytic memos and data matrices to identify themes around scale acceptability, comprehension, and decision and response processes. RESULTS Most participants preferred to answer the PHQ-9 in Kiswahili (N = 15; 52%). Among the 20 interview participants, 12 (60%) had scores ≥5, indicating depressive symptoms. Overall, participants found the scale acceptable as an interviewer-administered tool. Participants reported few problems related to comprehension but had difficulty answering items not relevant to their lives (e.g., "watching television") and double-barreled items (e.g., "poor appetite or overeating"). They were hesitant to endorse items related to "duties as a wife and mother" and suicidal ideation. Most participants had difficulty distinguishing between response options of "several days" and "more than half the days". CONCLUSIONS We detected several problems related to PHQ-9 comprehension, decision processes, and response processes. We provide recommended changes to instructions and item wording to improve PHQ-9 validity among Kenyan women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Velloza
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA. .,International Clinical Research Center, University of Washington, Box 359927, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.
| | - John Njoroge
- Partners in Health and Research Development, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kenneth Ngure
- 0000 0000 9146 7108grid.411943.aDepartment of Community Health Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nicholas Thuo
- Partners in Health and Research Development, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Snaidah Ayub
- Partners in Health and Research Development, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Stephen Gakuo
- Partners in Health and Research Development, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nelly Mugo
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA ,Partners in Health and Research Development, Nairobi, Kenya ,0000 0001 0155 5938grid.33058.3dCenter for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jane Simoni
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA ,0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Renee Heffron
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA ,0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Adjaottor E, Ahorsu D. Attitudes toward suicide: A comparison between urban and rural dwellers in Ghana. SOCIAL HEALTH AND BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/shb.shb_27_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
17
|
Boukouvalas E, El-Den S, Murphy AL, Salvador-Carulla L, O'Reilly CL. Exploring Health Care Professionals' Knowledge of, Attitudes Towards, and Confidence in Caring for People at Risk of Suicide: a Systematic Review. Arch Suicide Res 2020; 24:S1-S31. [PMID: 30856366 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2019.1586608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Health care professionals are paramount to the prevention and management of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Confidence in caring for people at risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors is influenced by knowledge of and attitudes towards suicide. This systematic review aimed to explore health care professionals' knowledge of and attitudes towards suicide, as well as, their confidence in caring for people at risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. A systematic search of 4 electronic databases over 10 years was conducted. Following retrieval of 1,723 abstracts, 46 primary research publications were included, involving both cross-sectional (n = 27) and intervention study designs (n = 19). Knowledge of, attitudes towards, and confidence in caring for people at risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors were explored among primary health care professionals, specialists, and health care students. The influence of training and education, type of health care professional, country of practice, and prior experience with suicide were highlighted among included studies. Health care professionals' knowledge of, attitudes towards and confidence in caring for people at risk of suicide are complex, interrelated constructs that shape their behaviors and may impact patient outcomes. Suicide training and education is necessary within health care curricula and as part of health care professionals' continuing professional development.
Collapse
|
18
|
Osafo J, Akotia CS, Quarshie ENB, Andoh-Arthur J, Boakye KE. Community leaders' attitudes towards and perceptions of suicide and suicide prevention in Ghana. Transcult Psychiatry 2019; 56:529-551. [PMID: 30907246 DOI: 10.1177/1363461518824434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Community leaders can play an important role in suicide prevention because they are potential gatekeepers in resource-poor settings. To investigate their attitudes towards suicide and the role they play when people are in suicidal crisis, 10 community leaders were interviewed in a rural community in Ghana. Thematic Analysis of the interviews showed that leaders held two conflicting views about suicide: health crisis and moral taboo. They also viewed the reasons for suicide as psychosocial strains more than psychiatric factors. Though they viewed suicide as a moral taboo, they maintained a more neutral position in their gatekeeping role: providing support for persons in suicidal crisis more often than exerting a condemnatory attitude. Implications for gatekeeper training are discussed.
Collapse
|
19
|
Lee WY. Comparisons in the attitudes toward suicide among urban residents, lawmakers and community mental health workers in South Korea. Psychiatry Res 2019; 276:278-282. [PMID: 31125905 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The attitudes of the general public and lawmakers toward suicide can influence the degree to which suicide prevention is prioritized in public policymaking. In this study, we compared the attitudes of urban residents, lawmakers, and community mental health workers toward suicide. Urban residents (N = 501) were surveyed through a telephone interview, while self-reported questionnaire was administered by lawmakers (N = 156) and community mental health workers (N = 121) through office visit and post, respectively. We used the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire to measure attitudes toward suicide in all three samples. Both the general public and legislators had insufficient knowledge and more permissive and uncaring attitudes toward suicide, whereas community mental health workers were more inclined to have sufficient knowledge of suicide and more intolerant and caring attitudes towards suicide. Therefore, lawmakers and the general public require education on suicide and suicide prevention, which may help lower South Korea's high suicide rate ranking among the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development member states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weon-Young Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Akotia CS, Knizek BL, Hjelmeland H, Kinyanda E, Osafo J. Reasons for attempting suicide: An exploratory study in Ghana. Transcult Psychiatry 2019; 56:233-249. [PMID: 30299212 DOI: 10.1177/1363461518802966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the reasons for suicide attempts among patients in Ghana. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 30 informants who had been hospitalized for attempted suicide. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the transcribed narratives, and five main themes emerged: 1) lack of support; 2) abandonment; 3) shame; 4) existential struggles; and 5) supernatural reasons. There were gender differences with abandonment reported by only women and shame associated with economic difficulties reported only by men. Findings are discussed within the context of a socio-cultural theory of suicide behaviour, and implications for the prevention of suicide and care of suicidal persons are suggested.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Objective: to investigate attitudes related to suicidal behavior and associated factors, among students in the last year of an undergraduate nursing course. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 111 nursing students from a Brazilian educational institution. The data were collected in 2017, by self-administration of a questionnaire with sociodemographic characteristics, and the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire, which were analyzed by descriptive statistics, comparison of means, and correlation tests. Results: most of the nursing students had contact with someone with suicidal behavior, but did not have education related to the subject. The most negative attitudes were associated with the female sex, lack of materials on suicide prevention, and lower self-perception of professional competence. Suicidal thoughts throughout life were associated with the contact with someone with suicidal behavior, and less moralistic/condemnatory attitudes. Conclusion: investigations and interventions are necessary for academic qualification and prevention of suicidal behavior.
Collapse
|
22
|
de-Graft Aikins A. Health psychology in Ghana: A review of the multidisciplinary origins of a young sub-field and its future prospects. J Health Psychol 2018; 23:425-441. [PMID: 29502454 DOI: 10.1177/1359105317752805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a historical overview of psychology applied to health and health psychology in Ghana. A brief history of health, illness and healthcare in Ghana is introduced. Then, the history of psychology in Ghana is presented, with signposts of the major turns in the field in relation to psychology and other disciplines applied to health and the emergence of health psychology as a sub-field. Selected health psychology studies are reviewed to highlight ideological trends in the field. Finally, future prospects are considered in terms of how the sub-field can transition into an established critical field with unique contributions to make to global health psychology.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wee LH, Ibrahim N, Wahab S, Visvalingam U, Yeoh SH, Siau CS. Health-Care Workers’ Perception of Patients’ Suicide Intention and Factors Leading to It: A Qualitative Study. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2018; 82:323-345. [DOI: 10.1177/0030222818814331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This study explored health-care workers’ perception of patients’ suicide intention and their understanding of factors leading to particular interpretations. Semistructured face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with 32 health-care workers from a general hospital in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Interview data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using the interpretative phenomenological analysis. The health-care workers were found to have four types of perceptions: to end life, not to end life, ambivalence about intention, and an evolving understanding of intention. Factors leading to their perceptions of patients’ suicide intention were patient demographics, health status, severity of ideation/attempt, suicide method, history of treatment, moral character, communication of suicide intention, affective/cognitive status, availability of social support, and health-care workers’ limited knowledge of patients’ condition/situation. Insufficient knowledge and negative attitudes toward suicidal patients led to risk minimization and empathic failure, although most health-care workers used the correct parameters in determining suicide intention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Hum Wee
- National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Suzaily Wahab
- National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Confidence and attitudes of pharmacy students towards suicidal crises: patient simulation using people with a lived experience. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:1185-1195. [PMID: 30155558 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Health care professionals, including pharmacists, have the potential to recognise and assist those at risk of suicide. The primary aim of this study was to assess the impact of utilising people with a lived experience of mental illness as simulated patients on final year pharmacy students' attitudes toward and confidence in caring for people at risk of suicide after first receiving Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training. METHODS A parallel group repeated measures design was used. People with a lived experience of mental illness enacted patients experiencing a mental health crisis, including possible suicidal ideation. Following MHFA training, the first group directly participated in the simulation, the second group observed, and the final group had no exposure to the simulation. Validated surveys measuring student attitudes and confidence were conducted at three time points; pre and post MHFA, and then at 2-4 weeks follow-up. RESULTS Full datasets of survey responses were received from 34/40 direct participants (85%), 104/146 observers (71%) and 50/66 comparison students (76%). Mean confidence scores significantly improved for all groups post MHFA training (p < 0.05). At follow-up, all 8 confidence items for the direct participant and observer group maintained significance from baseline to post intervention (p < 0.05). Mixed results in relation to attitudes towards suicide were evident at each time point and among each participant group. CONCLUSIONS Utilising people with a lived experience of mental illness as simulated patients has a positive effect on sustaining pharmacy student confidence in discussing suicidal behaviour post MHFA training. The inconsistency in attitudes towards suicide suggests that attitudes are complex in nature, involving multiple dynamic influences.
Collapse
|
25
|
Osafo J, Akotia CS, Boakye KE, Dickson E. Between moral infraction and existential crisis: Exploring physicians and nurses' attitudes to suicide and the suicidal patient in Ghana. Int J Nurs Stud 2018; 85:118-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
26
|
Feelings, thoughts and experiences of nurses working in a mental health clinic about individuals with suicidal behaviors and suicide attempts. Collegian 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
27
|
Bachmann S. Epidemiology of Suicide and the Psychiatric Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1425. [PMID: 29986446 PMCID: PMC6068947 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 658] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a worldwide phenomenon. This review is based on a literature search of the World Health Organization (WHO) databases and PubMed. According to the WHO, in 2015, about 800,000 suicides were documented worldwide, and globally 78% of all completed suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries. Overall, suicides account for 1.4% of premature deaths worldwide. Differences arise between regions and countries with respect to the age, gender, and socioeconomic status of the individual and the respective country, method of suicide, and access to health care. During the second and third decades of life, suicide is the second leading cause of death. Completed suicides are three times more common in males than females; for suicide attempts, an inverse ratio can be found. Suicide attempts are up to 30 times more common compared to suicides; they are however important predictors of repeated attempts as well as completed suicides. Overall, suicide rates vary among the sexes and across lifetimes, whereas methods differ according to countries. The most commonly used methods are hanging, self-poisoning with pesticides, and use of firearms. The majority of suicides worldwide are related to psychiatric diseases. Among those, depression, substance use, and psychosis constitute the most relevant risk factors, but also anxiety, personality-, eating- and trauma-related disorders as well as organic mental disorders significantly add to unnatural causes of death compared to the general population. Overall, the matter at hand is relatively complex and a significant amount of underreporting is likely to be present. Nevertheless, suicides can, at least partially, be prevented by restricting access to means of suicide, by training primary care physicians and health workers to identify people at risk as well as to assess and manage respective crises, provide adequate follow-up care and address the way this is reported by the media. Suicidality represents a major societal and health care problem; it thus should be given a high priority in many realms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Bachmann
- Clienia Littenheid AG, Hauptstrasse 130, 9573 Littenheid, Switzerland.
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, University Halle (Saale), Julius-Kühn-Strasse 7, 6112 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Vedana KGG, Pereira CCM, Dos Santos JC, Ventura C, Moraes SM, Miasso AI, Zanetti ACG, Borges TL. The meaning of suicidal behaviour from the perspective of senior nursing undergraduate students. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2018; 27:1149-1161. [PMID: 29282843 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The meaning ascribed to suicidal behaviours may influence the quality of the care provided to people at risk of suicide. Such a phenomenon has yet to be properly investigated amongst nursing undergraduate students, the aim of this study being to gain an understanding of the meanings of suicidal behaviour for a particular group of nurses. The study, which utilized grounded theory, was conducted in Brazil in 2016-2017 with 30 undergraduate students. The findings indicated that suicidal behaviour, classified according to the individual beliefs and judgements of the participants, presented a significant barrier to the delivery of care and was complex and multifaceted care phenomenon. Participants were often reluctant to discuss the topic, seemingly wanting to distance themselves from the care of persons exhibiting suicidal behaviour, and to avoid professional engagements relating to suicide prevention. Significant work is required in raising both an awareness and knowledge of suicidal behaviour befitting the promotion of tolerance, emotional competency, resilience, and empathy amongst nursing students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly G G Vedana
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, The Ribeirao Preto Nursing School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila C M Pereira
- Ribeirão Preto School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carla Ventura
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, The Ribeirao Preto Nursing School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina M Moraes
- Ribeirão Preto School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana I Miasso
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, The Ribeirao Preto Nursing School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina G Zanetti
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, The Ribeirao Preto Nursing School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana L Borges
- Ribeirão Preto School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Christmals CD, Gross J, Aziato L, Armstrong SJ. The State of Nursing Research in Ghana: An Integrative Literature Review. SAGE Open Nurs 2018; 4:2377960818783820. [PMID: 33415196 PMCID: PMC7774359 DOI: 10.1177/2377960818783820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For nursing practice to be responsive to the needs of patients, it must be driven by contextual research evidence. To guide institutional and national nursing research policy, there is need to determine the quantity and quality of nursing research in Ghana. PURPOSE The purpose of this integrative literature review was to quantify, critically evaluate, and describe nursing research publication in Ghana from January 2007 to December 2016 with regard to the country's research capacity to sustain evidence-based practice. RESULTS Sixty (60) out of 749 articles identified from EBSCOhost, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar using three keywords (nursing, health, and Ghana) were included. A total of 60,778 human subjects were used in these studies. There were more quantitative (28) studies than qualitative (23) studies. These studies recorded 219 authors from 120 institutions, 55 of which were outside Ghana. Forty-five percent of the articles were published in journals with impact factor. There was a steady increase in publication in Ghana over the decade. A majority of the studies published in education were in curriculum implementation and evaluation. CONCLUSIONS The increasing number of peer-reviewed nursing research publications in Ghana and the curriculum implementation and evaluation in Ghana signified an increasing capacity of the country to implement and sustain evidence-based practice. RECOMMENDATIONS It is recommended that regular research be conducted to evaluate the responsiveness to old and new nursing programs in Ghana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christmal D. Christmals
- Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Nursing Education, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Janet Gross
- Morehead State University, KY, USA
- Global Health Services Partnership, US Peace Corps, Liberia
| | - Lydia Aziato
- Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Susan J. Armstrong
- Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Giacchero Vedana KG, Magrini DF, Zanetti ACG, Miasso AI, Borges TL, Dos Santos MA. Attitudes towards suicidal behaviour and associated factors among nursing professionals: A quantitative study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2017; 24:651-659. [PMID: 28741801 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Self-confident health professionals with positive and understanding attitudes can take better care of people with suicidal behaviour, but the factors associated with these attitudes are not known. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: The majority of nursing professionals had no experience or training in mental health or suicide. They were less self-confident and had more negative attitudes. Nurses and nursing assistants who worked before in mental health services were more understanding with people with suicidal behaviour. Nurses and nursing assistants who were working in prehospital services were less self-confident to taking care of people with suicidal behaviour. Some members of the nursing team had already seriously considered committing suicide. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: The practicing, support and training in mental health may improve the nurses' attitudes and emotional competencies. It is important to know why few nurses had suicide-related training, despite the relevance of this issue. Training in mental health or suicide need to include attitudinal and emotional competencies. It is important to offer emotional support to emergency nursing professionals. ABSTRACT Background The attitudes towards suicide of emergency nurses may affect the care provided. However, the factors associated with these attitudes remain unclear. Objective To investigate attitudes towards suicidal behaviour and associated factors among nursing professionals working in emergency settings. Methods A cross-sectional observational study including 28 nurses and 118 who were nursing assistants employed at two emergency services in Brazil was conducted. Data were collected in 2015 using a self-administered sociodemographic questionnaire and the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire (SBAQ). Results The majority of participants reported having no experience or training in mental health or suicide. They reported more negative feelings towards the patient and a lower self-perception of professional competence regarding suicidal behaviours, and these attitudes seemed to reinforce each other. Nurses who worked in mental health services reported less moralistic/judgemental attitudes. Working in prehospital services was associated with having a lower self-perception of professional competence. There were professionals who reported thinking seriously about committing suicide. Conclusion When combined with support and training, practicing mental health nursing may serve as an opportunity to develop favourable attitudes and emotional competences, and these issues need to be addressed in suicide education strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K G Giacchero Vedana
- Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - D F Magrini
- Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - A C G Zanetti
- Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - A I Miasso
- Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - T L Borges
- Ribeirão Preto School of Nursing, University of São Paulo-USP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Dos Santos
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Osafo J, Akotia CS, Hjelmeland H, Knizek BL. From condemnation to understanding: Views on suicidal behavior in Ghana in transition. DEATH STUDIES 2017; 41:532-541. [PMID: 28532253 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2017.1333357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The cultural context in which suicide occurs has been emphasized as critical in understanding the act and informing prevention. Yet the penchant of psychiatrizing suicidality in mainstream suicidology relegates cultural issues to the background. Through the lenses of critical cultural suicidology, the authors have re-emphasized the importance of culture by reviewing the two major meanings of suicide as observed in our 8-year study in Ghana: moral transgression and life crisis. They have also showed the usefulness of the life crisis perspective of suicidality in reducing stigma and sustaining advocacy in decriminalizing attempted suicide in the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Osafo
- a Department of Psychology , University of Ghana , Accra , Ghana
| | - Charity S Akotia
- a Department of Psychology , University of Ghana , Accra , Ghana
| | - Heidi Hjelmeland
- b Department of Mental Health , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Birthe L Knizek
- b Department of Mental Health , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vedana KGG, Magrini DF, Miasso AI, Zanetti ACG, de Souza J, Borges TL. Emergency Nursing Experiences in Assisting People With Suicidal Behavior: A Grounded Theory Study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2017; 31:345-351. [PMID: 28693869 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To understand emergency nursing experiences in assisting people with suicidal behavior. METHOD Grounded theory study with symbolic interactionism conducted in 2015 to 2016 in Brazil with 19 nurses. RESULTS Assistance for people with suicidal behavior is critical, challenging, evokes different feelings and requires knowledge, skills and emotional control. Nurses did not feel prepared or supported, and identified recurrent gaps and problems. Nurses occupied a limited role, restricted to attending to physical needs. They predominantly manifested opposition, judgments and incomprehension about patients. CONCLUSION This study presents key elements to be addressed in interventions and investigations regarding nursing support, training and supervision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Graziani Giacchero Vedana
- Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences Department of The Ribeirao Preto Nursing School of the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Adriana Inocenti Miasso
- Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences Department of The Ribeirao Preto Nursing School of the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Guidorizzi Zanetti
- Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences Department of The Ribeirao Preto Nursing School of the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline de Souza
- Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences Department of The Ribeirao Preto Nursing School of the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lygnugaryte-Griksiene A, Leskauskas D, Jasinskas N, Masiukiene A. Factors influencing the suicide intervention skills of emergency medical services providers. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2017; 22:1291869. [PMID: 28235388 PMCID: PMC5345589 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2017.1291869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lithuania currently has the highest suicide rate in Europe and the fifth highest worldwide. AIMS To identify the factors that influence the suicide intervention skills of emergency medical services (EMS) providers (doctors, nurses, paramedics). METHOD Two hundred and sixty-eight EMS providers participated in the research. The EMS providers were surveyed both prior to their training in suicide intervention and six months later. The questionnaire used for the survey assessed their socio-demographic characteristics, suicide intervention skills, attitudes towards suicide prevention, general mental health, strategies for coping with stress, and likelihood of burnout. RESULTS Better suicide intervention skills were more prevalent among EMS providers with a higher level of education, heavier workload, more positive attitudes towards suicide prevention, better methods of coping with stress, and those of a younger age. Six months after the non-continuous training in suicide intervention, the providers' ability to assess suicide risk factors had improved, although there was no change in their suicide intervention skills. CONCLUSIONS In order to improve the suicide intervention skills of EMS providers, particular attention should be paid to attitudes towards suicide prevention, skills for coping with stress, and continuous training in suicide intervention. ABBREVIATIONS EMS: Emergency medical services; SIRI: Suicide intervention response inventory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aidana Lygnugaryte-Griksiene
- Psychiatric Department of Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
- CONTACT Aidana Lygnugaryte-Griksiene Psychiatry Department, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Hospital, Kaunas Clinics, Eiveniu str. 2, KaunasLT-50161, Lithuania
| | - Darius Leskauskas
- Psychiatric Department of Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nedas Jasinskas
- Emergency Medical Department of Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Agne Masiukiene
- Kaunas St. Kazimieras Lower Secondary School, Kaunas, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Moraes SM, Magrini DF, Zanetti ACG, Santos MAD, Vedana KGG. Atitudes relacionadas ao suicídio entre graduandos de enfermagem e fatores associados. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0194201600090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo Investigar as atitudes relacionadas ao suicídio entre graduandos de enfermagem e fatores associados. Métodos Estudo transversal quantitativo desenvolvido com 244 graduandos de Enfermagem de uma instituição de ensino superior do interior de São Paulo, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em 2016 pela autoaplicação de questionário sociodemográfico e do Questionário de Atitudes Frente ao Comportamento Suicida. Para análise dos dados, foram utilizados o teste de correlação de Spearman e o teste de Mann-Whitney. Resultados Mulheres tiveram atitudes mais negativas relacionadas ao suicídio. Os homens e estudantes que participaram de disciplina de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica, aula ou laboratório sobre suicídio percebiam-se mais capazes profissionalmente. Graduandos do curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura, que leram material específico sobre o suicídio ou já pensaram em cometer suicídio tiveram atitude menos moralista ou condenatória relacionada ao suicídio. Conclusão O estudo aponta a necessidade de intervenções educativas sobre o suicídio que envolvam saberes atitudinais.
Collapse
|
35
|
Santos JC, Simões RMP, Erse MPQDA, Façanha JDN, Marques LAFA. Impact of "+Contigo" training on the knowledge and attitudes of health care professionals about suicide. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2016; 22:679-84. [PMID: 25296153 PMCID: PMC4292649 DOI: 10.1590/0104-1169.3503.2467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to evaluate the results of "+Contigo" training, developed by nurses and directed at 66 health professionals of integrated school health teams in Primary Health Care. METHOD quantitative with data collection through the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire, administered before and after the training. RESULTS significant increases were observed in suicide prevention knowledge and in changing attitudes of health professionals towards individuals with suicidal behavior. CONCLUSION these results allow us to affirm that nurses hold scientific and pedagogical knowledge that grant them a privileged position in the health teams, to develop training aimed at health professionals involved in suicide prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Maria Pereira Simões
- Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, Instituto das Irmãs Hospitaleiras do Sagrado Coração de Jesus, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wagenaar BH, Raunig-Berhó M, Cumbe V, Rao D, Napúa M, Sherr K. Suicide Attempts and Deaths in Sofala, Mozambique, From 2011 to 2014. CRISIS 2016; 37:445-453. [PMID: 27245814 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mozambique was recently estimated to have the highest suicide rate in Africa. AIMS To fill a knowledge gap on suicide attempts and deaths in Mozambique. METHOD We reviewed a census of 898 emergency psychiatric consultations from March 2013 to July 2014 and 1,173 violent death autopsy records from June 2011 to August 2014 at Beira Central Hospital in Sofala, Mozambique. RESULTS In all, 18.0% of emergency psychiatric consultations were suicide attempts. Females were disproportionately represented (68.3%, p < .001), and the mean age was 26.8 years. Rat poison was used in 66% of attempts, followed by unspecified methods (19.8%), and unspecified poisoning (6.8%). Of the violent death autopsies, 10% were suicides. Suicide deaths were more likely to be male (67.3%, p < .001), and the mean age was 30.8 years. Common methods were hanging (43.2%), unspecified substance (28.0%), or rat poison (26.3%). Common places of death were the hospital or hospital transit (46.4%) and the household (35.7%). Female suicide deaths more often involved toxic substances and males more often employed hanging. CONCLUSION Females more often present with suicide attempts, but deaths due to suicide are more frequent among males. Females more often use toxic substances, whereas males more often use lethal methods, such as hanging. Policies to reduce the availability or toxicity of rat poison should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley H Wagenaar
- 1 Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,2 Health Alliance International, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Vasco Cumbe
- 3 Sofala Provincial Health Directorate, Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Beira, Mozambique.,4 Beira Central Hospital, Department of Medicine, Psychiatric Services, Beira, Mozambique
| | - Deepa Rao
- 1 Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,5 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Manuel Napúa
- 6 Beira Operations Research Center, Ministry of Health, Beira, Mozambique
| | - Kenneth Sherr
- 1 Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,2 Health Alliance International, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Holliday C, Vandermause R. Teen experiences following a suicide attempt. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2015; 29:168-73. [PMID: 26001716 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Teen suicide is the third leading cause of death for 15-24year olds. A clear understanding of what the experience of being suicidal means to adolescents living the phenomenon has not been clearly addressed in the literature. The aim of this research was to generate a comprehensive interpretation of the experiences of six adolescents who visited the ED following a suicide attempt, using hermeneutic phenomenological methodology. Participants ranged in age from 15 to 19years old, and all had been hospitalized for their attempt. Two patterns emerged: attempting as communicating and attempting as transforming. Underlying themes are described in detail. The findings have implications for nursing practice including how to assess and intervene with adolescent suicide attempters.
Collapse
|
38
|
Heyman I, Webster BJ, Tee S. Curriculum development through understanding the student nurse experience of suicide intervention education--A phenomenographic study. Nurse Educ Pract 2015; 15:498-506. [PMID: 26025505 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Suicide remains a global public health issue and a major governmental concern. The World Health Organisation argues for continued investment in education for front-line professionals, with a particular focus on nurses, to address the rising suicide levels. Considering this rate, it could be argued that suicide has impacted on the lives of many, including the student nurse population. Understanding the psychological impact, and influence on learning, whilst developing suicide intervention knowledge is crucial. However, little is known of the student experience in this complex and challenging area of skills development. This phenomenographic study examines the experiences of second year Bachelor of Nursing (mental health) students who participated in the Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training (ASIST). Experiences were illuminated through two focus groups, Experiences were distilled and categorised through hierarchically relationships to construct a group experiential field to illustrate understandings of the impact this approach has on learning Students found ASIST to be emotionally challenging yet an extremely positive experience through bonding, peer learning, and class cohesion. The supportive workshop facilitation was essential allowing for full immersion into role simulation thus developing student confidence. Appropriate pedagogy and student support must be considered whilst developing suicide intervention in the pre-registration curricula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Heyman
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Social Care, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, Scotland Ab10 7QG, UK.
| | - Brian J Webster
- Faculty of Health, Life & Social Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Sighthill Campus, Sighthill Court, Edinburgh, Scotland EH11 4BN, UK.
| | - Stephen Tee
- Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery King's College London, 57 Waterloo Road, London SE1 8WA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hjelmeland H, Osafo J, Akotia CS, Knizek BL. The law criminalizing attempted suicide in Ghana: the views of clinical psychologists, emergency ward nurses, and police officers. CRISIS 2015; 35:132-6. [PMID: 24197485 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attempted suicide is still considered a crime in Ghana. AIMS The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes toward this law held by health workers and police officers in Ghana so as to provide culture-sensitive arguments to aid in abolishing the law. METHOD Qualitative interviews were conducted with eight clinical psychologists, eight emergency ward nurses, and eight police officers. RESULTS The majority of informants did not agree with the law criminalizing attempted suicide in Ghana, although five of the emergency ward nurses and two police officers did. Arguments for agreeing with the law were that people have no right to take life and that the law has a deterrent effect and thus it will help reduce the suicide rate. The main argument for not agreeing with the law was that suicidal behavior is a mental health issue. Those who argued in favor of the law did not seem to reflect much on the reasons for suicidal behavior. CONCLUSION Education on how to understand suicidal behavior and suicidal people may aid the work toward decriminalizing attempted suicide in Ghana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Hjelmeland
- Department of Social Work and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joseph Osafo
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Charity S Akotia
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Birthe L Knizek
- Faculty of Nursing, Sør-Trøndelag University College, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
This article explores the health implications of partner violence against women in Ghana using data from northern Ghana. Face-to-face structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 443 women contacted at health facilities in the northern region. Results indicate that 7 out of 10 women have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) within the past 12 months; 62% had experienced psychological violence, 29% had experienced physical violence, and 34% had experienced sexual violence. Participants reported health problems associated with violence, including injury, thoughts of suicide, sleep disruption, and fear of partner (FP). Logistic regression analyses showed that women who reported physical, psychological, and sexual violence, respectively, had 3.94 times, 10.50 times, and 2.21 times the odds of reporting thoughts of suicide, whereas the odds that women who reported physical, psychological, and sexual violence would report sleep disruption were 4.82 times higher, 4.44 times higher, and 2.50 times higher, respectively. However, only physical and psychological violence predicted the odds of FP. This study shows that IPV is a health risk factor among women in Ghana. Measures that should be designed to improve the health of women experiencing marital violence are suggested.
Collapse
|
41
|
Wu CY, Lin YY, Yeh MC, Huang LH, Chen SJ, Liao SC, Lee MB. Effectiveness of interactive discussion group in suicide risk assessment among general nurses in Taiwan: a randomized controlled trial. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2014; 34:1388-1394. [PMID: 24768204 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The evidence of suicide prevention training for nurses is scarce. Strategies to enhance general nurses' ability in suicide risk assessment are critical to develop effective training programs in general medical settings. This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of an interactive discussion group in a suicide prevention training program for general nurses. In this randomized study with two groups of pre-post study design, the sample was recruited from the Medical, Surgical, and Emergency/Intensive Care Sectors of a 2000-bed general hospital via stratified randomization. Among the 111 nurses, 57 participants randomly assigned to the control group received a two-hour baseline suicide gatekeeper lecture, and 54 participants assigning to the experimental group received an additional five-hour group discussion about suicide risk assessment skills. Using a case vignette, the nurses discussed and assessed suicide risk factors specified in a 10-item Chinese SAD PERSONS Scale during a group discussion intervention. The findings revealed that the nurses achieved significant and consistent improvements of risk identification and assessment after the intervention without influencing their mental health status for assessing suicide risks. The result suggested an effective approach of interactive group discussion for facilitating critical thinking and learning suicide risk assessment skills among general nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yi Wu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Yin Lin
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Mei Chang Yeh
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Lian-Hua Huang
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Ji Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taitung Branch, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Cheng Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Been Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan; National Suicide Prevention Centre, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rant B, Bregar B. Understanding the attitudes of paramedics towards suicidal patients. OBZORNIK ZDRAVSTVENE NEGE 2014. [DOI: 10.14528/snr.2014.48.3.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Since it is almost impossible to identify every suicidal person, the timely intervention of an emergency medical team is of the most importance for preventing suicide attempts. Yet its success depends not only on timely help, but also on the treatment of the suicidal individual, the quality of which is to a large degree determined by the attitudes of the paramedics to the suicide. Hence, this article addresses the issue of how Slovenian paramedics experience suicidal patients, or in other words, what their attitudes to suicidal patients are when treating them.
Methods: This study is based on a descriptive qualitative method of empirical research, in which inductive analysis has been used. To collect the empirical material, semi-structured interviews with ten paramedics were conducted between December 2012 and January 2013.
Results: Despite their professional conduct in working with suicidal patients, Slovenian paramedics often experience various unpleasant emotions while treating them. Although they show understanding, the paramedics are often caught in dilemma while treating suicidal patients, especially those that refuse help or are aggressive. During the treatment, the paramedics act according to their subjective risk assessment and previous work experience, yet they lack the expertise to work with suicidal patients, particularly communication skills.
Discussion and conclusion: The attitude of the participants to suicidal patients is based primarily on the emotional aspect of their work. The research showed that a negative attitude may appear, but is not permanent. It appears only in certain conditions when caring for patients who are aggressive or threaten others and when the participants have not received help from other services.
Collapse
|
43
|
Hagaman AK, Wagenaar BH, McLean KE, Kaiser BN, Winskell K, Kohrt BA. Suicide in rural Haiti: clinical and community perceptions of prevalence, etiology, and prevention. Soc Sci Med 2013; 83:61-9. [PMID: 23465205 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a complex global public health problem, yet few studies have examined local socio-cultural explanatory models and other contextual factors surrounding suicide in low-and-middle-income countries. Such research is critical, as suicide frequency and etiology, as well as care-seeking in the case of distress, differ contextually and by sub-groups within a population. This is the first study of its kind to explore the dual perspectives of both healthcare workers and community members regarding suicide in Haiti. We conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews between May and June 2011 with eight biomedical healthcare workers and 16 lay community members. Qualitative data analysis, drawing on interpretive phenomenological analysis, addressed themes including perceived suicide frequency, veracity of suicidal ideation claims, perceived causal factors, religious constructs related to suicide, and support resources for suicidality. Compared to community members, healthcare workers underestimated the frequency of suicide and were less likely to interpret suicide-related claims as representing true intent. Religious perspectives influenced attitudes toward suicide, albeit in different ways: Christian concern with the afterlife resulted in suicide being unacceptable and sinful, while Vodou explanatory frameworks displaced blame and stigma away from suicidal individuals. Healthcare workers' failure to recognize suicide as a serious problem suggests that the formal health system is currently ill-equipped to respond to suicide-related needs. Religious practice and community supports in rural Haiti may serve as essential resources for prevention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K Hagaman
- Department of Global Health, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85251, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|