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Gugliotta Y, Roccia F, Sobrero F, Ramieri G, Volpe F. Changing trends in maxillofacial injuries among paediatric, adult and elderly populations: A 22-year statistical analysis of 3424 patients in a tertiary care centre in Northwest Italy. Dent Traumatol 2024; 40:187-194. [PMID: 37915278 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This retrospective study analysed the epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma over 22 years to assess whether there have been significant changes in the causes and characteristics of fractures in paediatric, adult and elderly populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS The following data were collected: age, sex, injury cause and mechanism, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale, associated injuries, time of injury, type of treatment and length of hospital stay. The patients were analysed by age group (children [≤16 years], adults [17-60 years] and elderly [>60 years]) and divided into two time groups (group 1: 2001-2011; group 2: 2012-2022) that were compared to each other. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. RESULTS Between 01 January 2001 and 31 December 2022, 3535 patients (2690 males and 845 females, mean age 39.3 years) were admitted for facial fractures. The comparison of the two temporal periods showed a decrease in the prevalence of males (p = .02), in road traffic injuries (p < .001), and in fractures of the lower third of the face (p = .005); there were significant increases in the mean age (p < .001), prevalence of the elderly (p = .006) and in fall- and assault-related injuries (p < .001 and p = .03, respectively). Assault injuries increased only in the 17-60 age group (p = .02) while RTA-related fractures decreased in all age groups (p < .05 for all comparisons). Bicycle accidents increased significantly, with a parallel decrease in motor vehicle accidents (both p < .001). Fall-related fractures increased only in 17-60 and >60 age groups (p < .001 and p = .02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study shows significant changing trends in the epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma. While road traffic policies have been effective in the last years, preventive measures for falls in the elderly population and new legislative measures to prevent interpersonal violence should be advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Gugliotta
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Roccia
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Sobrero
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Ramieri
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Volpe
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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A Multicentric Prospective Study on Maxillofacial Trauma Due to Road Traffic Accidents. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 33:1057-1062. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000008440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Juncar M, Tent PA, Juncar RI, Harangus A, Mircea R. An epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures: a 10-year cross-sectional cohort retrospective study of 1007 patients. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:128. [PMID: 33731083 PMCID: PMC7968332 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological data is providing vital indicators for organizing the financial resources related to a particular type of trauma, estimating expenses and training of dental practioners and ambulatory medical staff for collaboration with a certain pattern of patients. Knowing the etiology and epidemiology of a certain pathology is significant for approaching its means of prevention.
Methods
A 10-year retrospective statistical analysis of 1007 patients with maxillofacial fractures treated in a University Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Romania was performed. The data were extracted from patients’ medical records. Statistical analysis was performed. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The incidence of maxillofacial fractures was high among patients in the 20–29 age group (35.9%). Male patients (90.57%, M:F = 9.6:1), having a low level of education (46.60%) and living in urban areas (53.50%) were more affected. The main cause of maxillofacial fractures was interpersonal violence (59.37%), both in the mandibular and midface topographic regions (p = 0.001, p = 0.002). In urban areas, fractures caused by interpersonal violence and road traffic accidents were predominant, while in rural areas, most of the fractures were due to interpersonal violence, domestic accidents, work accidents and animal attacks (p = 0.001). Conclusions Interpersonal violence is the main cause of maxillofacial fractures having epidemic proportions. Male patients aged 20–29 years with a low level of education represent the major risk category. Considering the wide area of interpersonal aggression, both the medical staff in the hospital and in the dental offices must be educated in order to collaborate with possible violent patients. Dentists must be prepared to work on a post-traumatic dento-periodontal field. Taking all measures to prevent inter-human aggression is imperative and will lead to a major decrease in maxillofacial fractures and an overall increase of oral health in a population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01503-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Juncar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Oradea, Romania, Str. Piața 1 Decembrie, no.10, 410073, Oradea, Romania
| | - Paul Andrei Tent
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Oradea, Romania, Str. Piața 1 Decembrie, no.10, 410073, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Raluca Iulia Juncar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Oradea, Romania, Str. Piața 1 Decembrie, no.10, 410073, Oradea, Romania
| | - Antonia Harangus
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rivis Mircea
- Discipline of Oral Surgery, 2nd Department of Dental Medicine, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041, Timisoara, Romania
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Ţent PA, Juncar RI, Juncar M. Epidemiological Analysis of Zygomatic Bone Fractures in North-Western Romanian Population: A 10-Year Retrospective Study. In Vivo 2020; 34:2049-2055. [PMID: 32606181 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Midface fractures represent a challenge for medical practitioners due to the severe esthetic and functional consequences. This study aimed to determine the causes and to provide a demographic analysis of zygomatic bone fractures in our geographical area, with a view to implementing the necessary prevention methods, training the medical staff for a certain type of patients and decreasing the required costs. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective statistical epidemiological analysis of 242 patients with zygomatic bone fractures over a 10-year period was performed. RESULTS The most affected age group was 20-29 years (27.27%). The most affected were men (n=211, 87.19%) from urban areas (n=140, 57.85%), and without education (n=122, 50.41%). The most frequent cause was interpersonal violence (54.04%), followed by falls (17.36%) and road traffic accidents (16.53%). CONCLUSIONS Interpersonal violence as a cause of zygomatic bone fractures is currently reaching epidemic proportions. Taking legal measures to prevent aggression is a public health emergency that would considerably decrease the incidence of these fractures in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Andrei Ţent
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Raluca-Iulia Juncar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Mihai Juncar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Pungrasmi P, Haetanurak S. Incidence and etiology of maxillofacial trauma: a retrospective analysis of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital in the past decade. ASIAN BIOMED 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/abm-2018-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Maxillofacial injury is a common injury in trauma patients. The incidence, associated injuries and causes have been never reported for King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH).
Objectives
To report the incidence, associated injuries, age groups, treatments, and behavioral risks in maxillofacial patients who were admitted to KCMH in the past decade.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of patients from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2015, to evaluate the age groups, causes, sites of facial bone fracture, associated injuries, treatments, and behavioral risks.
Results
There were 1,275 patients (79% male and 21% female). The most common age group was 21–30 years (30.6%), followed by 11–20 years (19.5%) and 31–40 years (18.8%). The most common cause of injury was motorcycle accident (39.7%), and the most common associated injury was head injury (58%). The total number of fractures were 1,526, with the most common fracture site being the zygomaticomaxillary complex (38.6%), followed by mandible (21.8%) and nasal bone (17.8%). Most fractures were treated using open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws.
Conclusions
The main cause of maxillofacial injury is motorcycle accident even though the government launched a policy named “Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011–2020” to reduce road traffic deaths. Thailand continues to need stronger law enforcement to reduce risky motorcycle driving behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornthep Pungrasmi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Faculty of Medicine , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , 10330 , Thailand
| | - Sahatad Haetanurak
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Faculty of Medicine , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , 10330 , Thailand
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An analysis of 711 victims of interpersonal violence to the face, Turin, Italy. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44:1025-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Helgeland E, Dahle IM, Leira JI, Loro LL. Maxillofacial Fractures Surgically Managed at Aalesund Hospital between 2002 and 2009. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2015; 8:321-5. [PMID: 26576237 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyses the demographics, etiology, and complications in patients operated for maxillofacial fractures by oral and maxillofacial surgeons at the Aalesund Hospital between 2002 and 2009. A total of 188 fractures in 139 patients were studied. The male-to-female ratio was 3.6:1 and the mean age was 35.7 ± 17.2 years. Males were significantly younger than females (p < 0.05). Mandibular (52.7%) and zygomatic complex fractures (33.5%) were the most frequent. Most patients (41.7%) sustained their injuries as a result of interpersonal violence (IPV) followed by falls (25.9%) and traffic accidents (15.8%). Significantly more males were victims of IPV (p < 0.05). Almost half of the female cohort sustained their injuries from falling. More than half of those who sustained their injuries between midnight and morning were intoxicated. The majority of cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation (56.8%). Posttraumatic and postoperative complications were seen in 25% of the patients, with infection (8.6%) occurring most frequently. Mandibular and zygomatic complex fractures were the most frequent in our study. IPV in association with alcohol and drugs was a major cause of maxillofacial fractures, especially among young adult males. Falls were the predominant cause of fractures among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen Helgeland
- Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ida Marie Dahle
- Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Inge Leira
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moere and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Aalesund Hospital, Aalesund, Norway
| | - Lado Lako Loro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moere and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Aalesund Hospital, Aalesund, Norway
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Ramadhan A, Gavelin P, Hirsch JM, Sand LP. A retrospective study of patients with mandibular fractures treated at a Swedish University Hospital 1999-2008. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2015; 4:178-81. [PMID: 25593868 PMCID: PMC4293839 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0746.147119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fracture of the mandible is one of the most common fractures of the maxillofacial skeleton. However, the etiology, gender, and age distribution vary between different regions and countries, and the purpose of this study was to evaluate the current trend of patients with mandibular fractures at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, in Uppsala, Sweden. Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze patients with mandibular fractures treated in the University Hospital of Uppsala (the county capital of Uppland) Sweden during a 10-year period (1999-2008). Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective study of patients admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. The location of fractures was evaluated clinically by the surgeon and on the X-rays. We classified the data according to gender, age, etiology, day of the week, month of the year, fracture site, and method of treatment of the fractures. Results: Records were collected from patient charts from 266 patients. One hundred eighty-seven patients (70%) with mandibular fractures were of male gender, and 132 patients (50%) were aged 16-30 years. Interpersonal violence constituted the most common etiological factor for mandibular fractures (24%), followed by falls (23%). Forty-nine percentages of the patients were treated surgically, and 51% were treated conservatively. There was an increase of the annual incidence of fractures toward the end of the period, even though not statistically significant. Conclusions: Mandibular fractures occurred primarily among younger men between 16- and 30-year-old. Condyle fractures were the most common fracture site and 50% of the patients required surgery. Summer months and weekends were the most common time of mandibular fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ramadhan
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Petter Gavelin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan M Hirsch
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars P Sand
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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