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de Carvalho Formiga M, da Silva HDP, Ghiraldini B, Siroma RS, Ardelean LC, Piattelli A, Shibli JA. Effects of Osseodensification on Primary Stability of Cylindrical and Conical Implants-An Ex Vivo Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113736. [PMID: 37297938 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary stability is an important factor for dental implant success. In the past years, a new method for bone site preparation was introduced, named osseodensification (OD). OD produces a condensation of the trabecular portion of the bone, increasing bone-to-implant contact and primary stability. This study aims to compare the effect of OD in cylindrical and conical implants to conventional instrumentation. A total of forty implants, divided into four groups, were placed in porcine tibia: cylindrical conventional (1a), cylindrical OD (1b), conical conventional (2a) and conical OD (2b). Each implant was measured for implant stability quotient (ISQ), insertion torque (IT) and removal torque (RT). Group 2b showed the higher values for each of the evaluated parameters; groups 1b and 2b showed better results than 1a and 2a, respectively. Regarding the IT and RT, group 1b achieved higher values than group 2a, but not for ISQ. The inter-group comparison showed significant difference between groups 1a vs 2a, 1a vs 2b and 1b vs 2b for ISQ and 1a vs 1b and 1a vs 2b for RT analysis. OD resulted in improved ISQ, IT and RT of both cylindrical and conical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio de Carvalho Formiga
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Unisul, Palhoça, 515 Felipe Schmidt Str., Florianopolis 88101-001, SC, Brazil
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, 88 Praça Tereza Cristina Sq., Guarulhos 07011-010, SC, Brazil
| | - Helio Doyle Pereira da Silva
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, 88 Praça Tereza Cristina Sq., Guarulhos 07011-010, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ghiraldini
- Dental Research Division, Paulista University, 303 Borges de Figueiredo Str., São Paulo 03110-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Shinoske Siroma
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, 88 Praça Tereza Cristina Sq., Guarulhos 07011-010, SC, Brazil
| | - Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean
- Department of Technology of Materials and Devices in Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 332 Viale Abruzzo Str., 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, 88 Praça Tereza Cristina Sq., Guarulhos 07011-010, SC, Brazil
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de Carvalho Formiga M, Grzech-Leśniak K, Moraschini V, Shibli JA, Neiva R. Effects of Osseodensification on Immediate Implant Placement: Retrospective Analysis of 211 Implants. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103539. [PMID: 35629566 PMCID: PMC9147081 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Osseodensification is a new method of bone instrumentation for dental implant placement that preserves bulk bone and increases primary implant stability, and may accelerate the implant rehabilitation treatment period and provide higher success and survival rates than conventional methods. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate and discuss results obtained on immediate implant placement with immediate and delayed loading protocols under Osseodensification bone instrumentation. This study included private practice patients that required dental implant rehabilitation, between February 2017 and October 2019. All implants were placed under Osseodensification and had to be in function for at least 12 months to be included on the study. A total of 211 implants were included in the study, with a 98.1% total survival rate (97.9% in the maxilla and 98.5% in the mandible). For immediate implants with immediate load, 99.2% survival rate was achieved, and 100% survival rate for immediate implant placement without immediate load cases. A total of four implants were lost during this period, and all of them were lost within two months after placement. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that Osseodensification bone instrumentation provided similar or better results on survival rates than conventional bone instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Laser Laboratory Oral Surgery Department, Medical University of Wroclaw, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Vittorio Moraschini
- Department of Periodontology, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro 20271-020, Brazil;
| | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos 07023-040, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Rodrigo Neiva
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
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Can the design of the instruments used for undersized osteotomies influence the initial stability of implants installed in low-density bone? An in vitro pilot study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257985. [PMID: 34618848 PMCID: PMC8496820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aims of this study were to compare the initial implant stability obtained using four different osteotomy techniques in low-density synthetic bone, to evaluate the instrument design in comparison to the implant design, and to determinate a possible correlation between the insertion torque and initial stability quotient (ISQ). Materials and methods Four groups were identified in accordance with the osteotomy technique used (n = 10 implants per group): group G1, osteotomy using the recommended drilling sequence; group G2, osteotomy using an undersized compactor drill; group G3, osteotomy using an undersized drill; and group G4, osteotomy using universal osseodensification drills. Two polyurethane blocks were used: block 1, with a medullary portion of 10 pounds per cubic foot (PCF 10) and with a 1 mm cortical portion of PCF 40, and block 2, with a medullary of PCF 15 and with a 2 mm cortical portion of PCF 40. Tapered implants of 4 mm in diameter and 11 mm in length were used. The insertion torque (IT) and ISQ were measured. The dimensions of the final instrument used in each group and the dimensions of the implant were used to calculate the total area of each part, and these data were compared. Results Differences between the four groups were found for IT and ISQ values depending on the technique used for the osteotomy in the two synthetic bone models (p < 0.0001). All groups showed lower values of initial stability in block 1 than in block 2. Conclusions Undersized osteotomies with instruments designed according to the implant body significantly increased the initial stability values compared to beds prepared with universal drills and using the drilling sequence standardized by the manufacturer.
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Bonfante EA, Jimbo R, Witek L, Tovar N, Neiva R, Torroni A, Coelho PG. Biomaterial and biomechanical considerations to prevent risks in implant therapy. Periodontol 2000 2019; 81:139-151. [PMID: 31407440 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This paper is aimed to present a biomaterials perspective in implant therapy that fosters improved bone response and long-term biomechanical competence from surgical instrumentation to final prosthetic rehabilitation. Strategies to develop implant surface texturing will be presented and their role as an ad hoc treatment discussed in light of the interplay between surgical instrumentation and implant macrogeometric configuration. Evidence from human retrieved implants in service for several years and from in vivo studies will be used to show how the interplay between surgical instrumentation and implant macrogeometry design affect osseointegration healing pathways, and bone morphologic and long-term mechanical properties. Also, the planning of implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitations targeted at long-term performance will be appraised from a standpoint where personal preferences (eg, cementing or screwing a prosthesis) can very often fail to deliver the best patient care. Lastly, the acknowledgement that every rehabilitation will have its strength degraded over time once in function will be highlighted, since the potential occurrence of even minor failures is rarely presented to patients prior to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estevam A Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Ryo Jimbo
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Nick Tovar
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Rodrigo Neiva
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida at Gainesville, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Andrea Torroni
- Attending Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials, Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
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Alenezi A, Galli S, Atefyekta S, Andersson M, Wennerberg A. Osseointegration effects of local release of strontium ranelate from implant surfaces in rats. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:116. [PMID: 31606798 PMCID: PMC6790188 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have reported the beneficial effects of strontium on bone growth, particularly by stimulating osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Thus, strontium release around implants has been suggested as one possible strategy to enhance implant osseointegration. AIM This study aimed to evaluate whether the local release of strontium ranelate (Sr-ranelate) from implants coated with mesoporous titania could improve bone formation around implants in an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mesoporous titania (MT) thin coatings were formed utilizing the evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) method using Pluronic (P123) with or without the addition of poly propylene glycol (PPG) to create materials with two different pore sizes. The MT was deposited on disks and mini-screws, both made of cp Ti grade IV. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to characterize the MT using a Leo Ultra55 FEG instrument (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). The MT was loaded with Sr-ranelate using soaking and the drug uptake and release kinetics to and from the surfaces were evaluated using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) utilizing a Q-sense E4 instrument. For the in vivo experiment, 24 adult rats were analyzed at two time points of implant healing (2 and 6 weeks). Titanium implants shaped as mini screws were coated with MT films and divided into two groups; supplied with Sr-ranelate (test group) and without Sr-ranelate (control group). Four implants (both test and control) were inserted in the tibia of each rat. The in vivo study was evaluated using histomorphometric analyses of the implant/bone interphase using optical microscopy. RESULTS SEM images showed the successful formation of evenly distributed MT films covering the entire surface with pore sizes of 6 and 7.2 nm, respectively. The QCM-D analysis revealed an absorption of 3300 ng/cm2 of Sr-ranelate on the 7.2 nm MT, which was about 3 times more than the observed amount on the 6 nm MT (1200 ng/cm2). Both groups showed sustained release of Sr-ranelate from MT coated disks. The histomorphometric analysis revealed no significant differences in bone implant contact (BIC) and bone area (BA) between the implants with Sr-ranelate and implants in the control groups after 2 and 6 weeks of healing (BIC with a p-value of 0.43 after 2 weeks and 0.172 after 6 weeks; BA with a p-value of 0.503 after 2 weeks, and 0.088 after 6 weeks). The mean BIC and BA values within the same group showed significant increase among all groups between 2 and 6 weeks. CONCLUSION This study could not confirm any positive effects of Sr-ranelate on implant osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alenezi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Silvia Galli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Saba Atefyekta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Martin Andersson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ann Wennerberg
- Department of Prosthodontics/Dental Materials Science, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
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Coelho PG, Zavanelli RA, Salles MB, Yeniyol S, Tovar N, Jimbo R. Enhanced Bone Bonding to Nanotextured Implant Surfaces at a Short Healing Period: A Biomechanical Tensile Testing in the Rat Femur. IMPLANT DENT 2017; 25:322-7. [PMID: 27213527 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the bone bonding capabilities of 2 different surface treatments at an early healing period. Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) custom-made rectangular plates (1.4 × 2.4 × 4 mm) were either dual acid etched (Ti6Al4V-DAE) or DAE/nanotextured blasted (Ti6Al4V-NTB). MATERIALS AND METHODS Implants were placed in the distal femurs of 10 Wistar rats and were allowed to heal for 9 days. After euthanasia, the bone immediately proximal and distal to the implant was removed to test the bone bonding force with a universal testing machine. Ultrastructure of the bone/implant interface was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS Ti6Al4V-NTB samples exhibited significantly greater bond strength than Ti6Al4V-DAE samples. Morphologically, the Ti6Al4V-NTB surfaces presented intimate interaction with bone, whereas little interaction between the Ti6Al4V-DAE surface and bone was observed. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicated a significant increase in bone bonding for the DAE/nanotextured blasted surface, which is suggested to be the outcome of the nanotexturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo G Coelho
- *Associate Professor, Biomaterials and Biomimetics and Director for Research, Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, NY. †Professor, Department of Prevention and Oral Rehabilitation, Federal University of Goias School of Dentistry, Goiania, GO, Brazil. ‡Researcher, Biomaterials and Biomimetics and Director for Research, Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, NY. §Professor, Department of Anatomy, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ¶Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. ‖Researcher, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, NY. #Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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Dhaliwal JS, Albuquerque RF, Murshed M, Feine JS. Osseointegration of standard and mini dental implants: a histomorphometric comparison. Int J Implant Dent 2017; 3:15. [PMID: 28462508 PMCID: PMC5411366 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-017-0079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mini dental implants (MDIs) are becoming increasingly popular for rehabilitation of edentulous patients because of their several advantages. However, there is a lack of evidence on the osseointegration potential of the MDIs. The objective of the study was to histomorphometrically evaluate and compare bone apposition on the surface of MDIs and standard implants in a rabbit model. Methods Nine New Zealand white rabbits were used for the study to meet statistical criteria for adequate power. Total 18 3M™ESPE™ MDIs and 18 standard implants (Ankylos® Friadent, Dentsply) were inserted randomly into the tibia of rabbits (four implants per rabbit); animals were sacrificed after a 6-week healing period. The specimens were retrieved en bloc and preserved in 10% formaldehyde solution. Specimens were prepared for embedding in a light cure acrylic resin (Technovit 9100). The most central sagittal histological sections (30–40 μm thick) were obtained using a Leica SP 1600 saw microtome. After staining, the Leica DM2000 microscope was used, the images were captured using Olympus DP72 camera and associated software. Bone implant contact (BIC) was measured using Infinity Analyze software. Results All implants were osseointegrated. Histologic measures show mineralized bone matrix in intimate contact with the implant surface in both groups. The median BIC was 58.5 % (IQR 8.0) in the MDI group and 57.0 % (IQR 5.5) in the control group (P > 0.05; Mann-Whitney test). There were no statistical differences in osseointegration at 6 weeks between MDIs and standard implants in rabbit tibias. Conclusions Based on these results, it is concluded that osseointegration of MDIs is similar to that of standard implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagjit S Dhaliwal
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1G1, Canada.
| | - Rubens F Albuquerque
- Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Monzur Murshed
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1G1, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jocelyne S Feine
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1G1, Canada
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Besinis A, Hadi SD, Le HR, Tredwin C, Handy RD. Antibacterial activity and biofilm inhibition by surface modified titanium alloy medical implants following application of silver, titanium dioxide and hydroxyapatite nanocoatings. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:327-338. [PMID: 28281851 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1299890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the most common causes of implant failure is peri-implantitis, which is caused by bacterial biofilm formation on the surfaces of dental implants. Modification of the surface nanotopography has been suggested to affect bacterial adherence to implants. Silver nanoparticles are also known for their antibacterial properties. In this study, titanium alloy implants were surface modified following silver plating, anodisation and sintering techniques to create a combination of silver, titanium dioxide and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocoatings. Their antibacterial performance was quantitatively assessed by measuring the growth of Streptococcus sanguinis, proportion of live/dead cells and lactate production by the microbes over 24 h. Application of a dual layered silver-HA nanocoating to the surface of implants successfully inhibited bacterial growth in the surrounding media (100% mortality), whereas the formation of bacterial biofilm on the implant surfaces was reduced by 97.5%. Uncoated controls and titanium dioxide nanocoatings showed no antibacterial effect. Both silver and HA nanocoatings were found to be very stable in biological fluids with material loss, as a result of dissolution, to be less than 0.07% for the silver nanocoatings after 24 h in a modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer. No dissolution was detected for the HA nanocoatings. Thus, application of a dual layered silver-HA nanocoating to titanium alloy implants creates a surface with antibiofilm properties without compromising the HA biocompatibility required for successful osseointegration and accelerated bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Besinis
- a School of Biological Sciences , University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK.,b Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK.,c School of Engineering, University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK
| | - S D Hadi
- a School of Biological Sciences , University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK
| | - H R Le
- c School of Engineering, University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK
| | - C Tredwin
- b Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK
| | - R D Handy
- a School of Biological Sciences , University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK
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Johansson P, Jimbo R, Naito Y, Kjellin P, Currie F, Wennerberg A. Polyether ether ketone implants achieve increased bone fusion when coated with nano-sized hydroxyapatite: a histomorphometric study in rabbit bone. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:1435-42. [PMID: 27103801 PMCID: PMC4827897 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s100424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) possesses excellent mechanical properties similar to those of human bone and is considered the best alternative material other than titanium for orthopedic spine and trauma implants. However, the deficient osteogenic properties and the bioinertness of PEEK limit its fields of application. The aim of this study was to limit these drawbacks by coating the surface of PEEK with nano-scaled hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals. In the study, the biological response to PEEK, with and without HA coating, was investigated. Twenty-four screw-like and apically perforated implants in the rabbit femur were histologically evaluated at 3 weeks and 12 weeks after surgery. Twelve of the 24 implants were HA coated (test), and the remaining 12 served as uncoated PEEK controls. At 3 weeks and 12 weeks, the mean bone–implant contact was higher for test compared to control (P<0.05). The bone area inside the threads was comparable in the two groups, but the perforating hole showed more bone area for the HA-coated implants at both healing points (P<0.01). With these results, we conclude that nano-sized HA coating on PEEK implants significantly improved the osteogenic properties, and in a clinical situation this material composition may serve as an implant where a rapid bone fusion is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pär Johansson
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ryo Jimbo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yoshihito Naito
- Oral Implant Center, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | | | - Ann Wennerberg
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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Valizadeh S, Rasoulifard MH, Dorraji MSS. Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes onto crystalline and amorphous hydroxyapatite: Optimization, kinetic and isotherm studies. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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11
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Besinis A, De Peralta T, Tredwin CJ, Handy RD. Review of nanomaterials in dentistry: interactions with the oral microenvironment, clinical applications, hazards, and benefits. ACS NANO 2015; 9:2255-2289. [PMID: 25625290 DOI: 10.1021/nn505015e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Interest in the use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) as either nanomedicines or dental materials/devices in clinical dentistry is growing. This review aims to detail the ultrafine structure, chemical composition, and reactivity of dental tissues in the context of interactions with ENMs, including the saliva, pellicle layer, and oral biofilm; then describes the applications of ENMs in dentistry in context with beneficial clinical outcomes versus potential risks. The flow rate and quality of saliva are likely to influence the behavior of ENMs in the oral cavity, but how the protein corona formed on the ENMs will alter bioavailability, or interact with the structure and proteins of the pellicle layer, as well as microbes in the biofilm, remains unclear. The tooth enamel is a dense crystalline structure that is likely to act as a barrier to ENM penetration, but underlying dentinal tubules are not. Consequently, ENMs may be used to strengthen dentine or regenerate pulp tissue. ENMs have dental applications as antibacterials for infection control, as nanofillers to improve the mechanical and bioactive properties of restoration materials, and as novel coatings on dental implants. Dentifrices and some related personal care products are already available for oral health applications. Overall, the clinical benefits generally outweigh the hazards of using ENMs in the oral cavity, and the latter should not prevent the responsible innovation of nanotechnology in dentistry. However, the clinical safety regulations for dental materials have not been specifically updated for ENMs, and some guidance on occupational health for practitioners is also needed. Knowledge gaps for future research include the formation of protein corona in the oral cavity, ENM diffusion through clinically relevant biofilms, and mechanistic investigations on how ENMs strengthen the tooth structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracy De Peralta
- ‡Plymouth University Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, John Bull Building, Tamar Science Park, Plymouth PL6 8BU, U.K
| | - Christopher J Tredwin
- ‡Plymouth University Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, John Bull Building, Tamar Science Park, Plymouth PL6 8BU, U.K
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Johansson P, Jimbo R, Kjellin P, Currie F, Chrcanovic BR, Wennerberg A. Biomechanical evaluation and surface characterization of a nano-modified surface on PEEK implants: a study in the rabbit tibia. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:3903-11. [PMID: 25152620 PMCID: PMC4140704 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s60387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is today frequently used as a biomaterial in different medical operations due to its excellent mechanical and chemical properties. However, the untreated surface of PEEK is bioinert and hydrophobic, and it does not osseointegrate in its pure form. The aim of this study was to evaluate a unique nano-modified surface of PEEK with respect to osseointegration. Forty-eight threaded, non-cutting PEEK implants were inserted bilaterally in the tibia of 24 rabbits. Half of the implants (n=24) were coated with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (test) and the remaining implants (n=24) were left uncoated (control). Half of the animals (n=12) were euthanized after 3 weeks of healing and the remaining (n=12) after 12 weeks. The implant retention was measured with a removal torque apparatus. Surface analysis was performed with interferometry, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photon spectroscopy to relate the removal torque to the applied surface. The test implants revealed a significantly higher retention after 3 weeks (P=0.05) and 12 weeks (P=0.028) compared to controls. The result of the present study proves that the addition of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite coating to PEEK surfaces significantly increases its removal torque and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pär Johansson
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ryo Jimbo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Ann Wennerberg
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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Barkarmo S, Andersson M, Currie F, Kjellin P, Jimbo R, Johansson CB, Stenport V. Enhanced bone healing around nanohydroxyapatite-coated polyetheretherketone implants: An experimental study in rabbit bone. J Biomater Appl 2014; 29:737-47. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328214542854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the bone response to threaded polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants coated with nanohydroxyapatite. Materials and methods A total of 39 PEEK implants were coated with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and 39 uncoated implants were used as controls. The implant surface was characterized by optical interferometry and scanning electron microscope. The implants were inserted in the tibia and femur of 13 rabbits. After 6 weeks of healing, quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. Results The test implants showed significantly higher removal torque test values compared with the control group. Histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated higher bone-to-implant contact for the test implants; however, there were no differences in bone area between the groups. Qualitative histological analyses demonstrated inflammatory cellular reactions in close vicinity of both implant surfaces. A two-cell layer of foreign body giant cells was observed irrespective of sample type. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that implants with a threaded design render good stability to PEEK in both coated and uncoated implants. Nanohydroxyapatite-coated PEEK implants demonstrated improved bone formation compared with uncoated controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barkarmo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Andersson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Applied Surface Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - F Currie
- Promimic AB, Stena Center 1B, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Kjellin
- Promimic AB, Stena Center 1B, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Jimbo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - CB Johansson
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V Stenport
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Nguyen TDT, Moon SH, Oh TJ, Park IS, Lee MH, Bae TS. The effect of APH treatment on surface bonding and osseointegration of Ti-6Al-7Nb implants: an in vitro and in vivo study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 103:641-8. [PMID: 24976109 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of anodization-cyclic precalcification-heat (APH) treatment on the bonding ability of Ca-P coating to the parent metal and osseointegration of Ti-6Al-7Nb implants. Eighteen Ti-6Al-7Nb discs, 9 untreated and 9 APH-treated, were cultured with osteoblast cells in vitro, and the cellular differentiation ability was assayed at 1, 2, and 3 weeks. For in vivo testing, 28 Ti-6Al-7Nb implants (14 implants of each group) were inserted to rat tibias, and after each 4 and 6 weeks of implantation, bone bonding, and osseointegration were evaluated through removal torque and histological analysis. Osteoblast-culturing showed twice as much of the alkaline phosphatase activity on the treated surface at 3 weeks than on the untreated surface (p < 0.05). The treated implants exhibited higher removal torque values than the untreated ones (15.5 vs. 1.8 Ncm at 4 weeks and 19.7 vs. 2.6 Ncm at 6 weeks, p < 0.05). Moreover, the excellent bonding quality of coats was confirmed by the existence of cohesive fractures on the surface of removed APH implants (field emission scanning electron microscopy and histological observation). Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that the APH treatment significantly enhanced osseointegration of the Ti-6Al-7Nb implant, with the stable bonding between the coating and the implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy-Duong Thi Nguyen
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, South Korea
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15
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Evaluation of bone healing on sandblasted and Acid etched implants coated with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite: an in vivo study in rabbit femur. Int J Dent 2014; 2014:197581. [PMID: 24723952 PMCID: PMC3958713 DOI: 10.1155/2014/197581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating if a coating of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals would enhance bone healing over time in trabecular bone. Sandblasted and acid etched titanium implants with and without a submicron thick coat of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals (nano-HA) were implanted in rabbit femur with healing times of 2, 4, and 9 weeks. Removal torque analyses and histological evaluations were performed. The torque analysis did not show any significant differences between the implants at any healing time. The control implant showed a tendency of more newly formed bone after 4 weeks of healing and significantly higher bone area values after 9 weeks of healing. According to the results from this present study, both control and nano-HA surfaces were biocompatible and osteoconductive. A submicron thick coating of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals deposited onto blasted and acid etched screw shaped titanium implants did not enhance bone healing, as compared to blasted and etched control implants when placed in trabecular bone.
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16
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Surmenev RA, Surmeneva MA, Ivanova AA. Significance of calcium phosphate coatings for the enhancement of new bone osteogenesis--a review. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:557-79. [PMID: 24211734 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A systematic analysis of results available from in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials on the effects of biocompatible calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings is presented. An overview of the most frequently used methods to prepare CaP-based coatings was conducted. Dense, homogeneous, highly adherent and biocompatible CaP or hybrid organic/inorganic CaP coatings with tailored properties can be deposited. It has been demonstrated that CaP coatings have a significant effect on the bone regeneration process. In vitro experiments using different cells (e.g. SaOS-2, human mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblast-like cells) have revealed that CaP coatings enhance cellular adhesion, proliferation and differentiation to promote bone regeneration. However, in vivo, the exact mechanism of osteogenesis in response to CaP coatings is unclear; indeed, there are conflicting reports of the effectiveness of CaP coatings, with results ranging from highly effective to no significant or even negative effects. This review therefore highlights progress in CaP coatings for orthopaedic implants and discusses the future research and use of these devices. Currently, an exciting area of research is in bioactive hybrid composite CaP-based coatings containing both inorganic (CaP coating) and organic (collagen, bone morphogenetic proteins, arginylglycylaspartic acid etc.) components with the aim of promoting tissue ingrowth and vascularization. Further investigations are necessary to reveal the relative influences of implant design, surgical procedure, and coating characteristics (thickness, structure, topography, porosity, wettability etc.) on the long-term clinical effects of hybrid CaP coatings. In addition to commercially available plasma spraying, other effective routes for the fabrication of hybrid CaP coatings for clinical use still need to be determined and current progress is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman A Surmenev
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Maria A Surmeneva
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna A Ivanova
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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17
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The effect of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals on osseointegration of titanium implants: an in vivo rabbit study. Int J Dent 2014; 2014:171305. [PMID: 24563651 PMCID: PMC3915854 DOI: 10.1155/2014/171305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osseointegration is dependent on implant surface characteristics, including surface chemistry and topography. The presence of nanosized calcium phosphates on the implant surface is interesting to investigate since they affect both the nanotopography and surface chemistry, forming a bone mineral resembling surface. In this work, the osseointegration of titanium implants with and without the presence of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals has been evaluated in vivo. The integration was examined using removal torque measurements and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. The study was performed using two healing time points, 3 and 12 weeks. The results showed that the torque needed to remove the implants was insignificant between the non- and HA-coated implants, both at weeks 3 and 12. The RT-PCR, however, showed significant differences for osteoblast, osteoclast, and proinflammation markers when HA nanocrystals were present.
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18
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Coelho PG, Teixeira HS, Marin C, Witek L, Tovar N, Janal MN, Jimbo R. The in vivo effect of P-15 coating on early osseointegration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 102:430-40. [PMID: 24106136 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate mechanically and morphologically the effect of a specific peptide sequence P-15, when incorporated into implant surfaces. Three types of implants were used for the study: Group A: commercially pure titanium implant (blasted and acid etched) + electrochemical thin calcium phosphate deposition, Group B: commercially pure titanium implant (blasted and acid etched) + electrochemical thin calcium phosphate deposition + P-15 incorporation, and as control, Group C: commercially pure titanium implant (blasted and acid etched). After a topographical characterization, transcortical osteotomies were made, and all implant groups (102 implants per group) were randomly placed bilaterally in the tibiae of adult beagle dogs (n = 24). At, 1, 2, and 4 weeks post-surgery, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were retrieved for removal torque tests, for nano indentation, and for histomorphometrical analysis. The results (mean ± 95% CI) showed that Group B (34.4 ± 8.7%) presented statistically higher bone-to-implant contact than the other groups (A = 23.9 ± 7.8%; C = 21.7 ± 8.3%) at 1 week, indicating an enhanced osteogenesis due to the peptide incorporation. The results suggested that the incorporation of P-15 to implant surfaces increased its bioactivity and the effects were notable especially in the early stages of the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York; Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, New York
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19
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Bryington MS, Hayashi M, Kozai Y, Vandeweghe S, Andersson M, Wennerberg A, Jimbo R. The influence of nano hydroxyapatite coating on osseointegration after extended healing periods. Dent Mater 2013; 29:514-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Hayashi M, Jimbo R, Xue Y, Mustafa K, Andersson M, Wennerberg A. Photocatalytically induced hydrophilicity influences bone remodelling at longer healing periods: a rabbit study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2013; 25:749-54. [PMID: 23442170 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previously, we have reported that photocatalytically active hydrophilicity of the anatase titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles coated onto commercially pure titanium discs presented significantly improved hydrophilicity after ultraviolet irradiation. As hydrophilicity has shown enhancement of osseointegration, the in vivo responses were of great interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether or not the photo-activated hydrophilicity generated at the time of implant placement has an effect on the longer healing periods for osseointegration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Photocatatytically active nanostructured TiO₂ powder (Degussa P-25), which consists of approximately 80% anatase and 20% rutile, was spin-coated onto commercially pure titanium discs and was heat-treated thereafter. These P25-coated discs were irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light for the test (+UV) group, and non-irradiated discs were prepared for the control (-UV) group. Both groups of discs were placed in the rabbits' tibiae. After 12 weeks of healing period, histological analysis and gene expression analysis using real-time RT-PCR were performed. RESULTS From the histological analyses, there were no specific differences between -UV and +UV groups. However, from the gene expression analysis, ALP, RUNX-2 and IL-10 were significantly upregulated for the +UV group compared with the -UV group. CONCLUSIONS The biologically enhancing effect to photocatalytically activated surfaces remained even after 12 weeks of healing time in terms of genetic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hayashi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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21
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Jimbo R, Coelho P, Bryington M, Baldassarri M, Tovar N, Currie F, Hayashi M, Janal M, Andersson M, Ono D, Vandeweghe S, Wennerberg A. Nano Hydroxyapatite-coated Implants Improve Bone Nanomechanical Properties. J Dent Res 2012; 91:1172-7. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034512463240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructure modification of dental implants has long been sought as a means to improve osseointegration through enhanced biomimicry of host structures. Several methods have been proposed and demonstrated for creating nanotopographic features; here we describe a nanoscale hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implant surface and hypothesize that it will hasten osseointegration and improve its quality relative to that of non-coated implants. Twenty threaded titanium alloy implants, half prepared with a stable HA nanoparticle surface and half grit-blasted, acid-etched, and heat-treated (HT), were inserted into rabbit femurs. Pre-operatively, the implants were morphologically and topographically characterized. After 3 weeks of healing, the samples were retrieved for histomorphometry. The nanomechanical properties of the surrounding bone were evaluated by nanoindentation. While both implants revealed similar bone-to-implant contact, the nanoindentation demonstrated that the tissue quality was significantly enhanced around the HA-coated implants, validating the postulated hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Jimbo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Sweden
| | - P.G. Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, USA
| | - M. Bryington
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - M. Baldassarri
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, USA
| | - N. Tovar
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, USA
| | | | - M. Hayashi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Sweden
| | - M.N. Janal
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA
| | - M. Andersson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Applied Surface Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D. Ono
- Division of Applied Prosthodontics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - S. Vandeweghe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Sweden
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | - A. Wennerberg
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Sweden
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22
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Telleman G, Meijer HJA, Vissink A, Raghoebar GM. Short implants with a nanometer-sized CaP surface provided with either a platform-switched or platform-matched abutment connection in the posterior region: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2012; 24:1316-24. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Telleman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Maxillofacial Prosthetics; University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics; Centre for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene; University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - H. J. A. Meijer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Maxillofacial Prosthetics; University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics; Centre for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene; University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - A. Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Maxillofacial Prosthetics; University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - G. M. Raghoebar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Maxillofacial Prosthetics; University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
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23
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Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterization of Lanthanide-Substituted Nanostructured Calcium Hydroxyapatite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.86.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, nanostructured Ce- and Sm-substituted Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 samples have been synthesized using an aqueous sol-gel chemistry route. For the characterization of obtained specimens, the XRD, SEM, UV-visible reflection and IR spectroscopy and luminescence measurements were recorded. It was shown that phase purity of the end products highly depends on the amount of lanthanide element. The reflectance of lanthanide-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite samples is wavelength independent in the wavelength range of 450-800 nm and equal almost 100%. The cerium-substituted samples show a significant decrease of transmission at ~300 nm. The characteristic samarium absorption line (~430 nm) is evident in the UV-vis reflection spectra of samarium-substituted hydroxyapatites.
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24
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Fox K, Tran PA, Tran N. Recent advances in research applications of nanophase hydroxyapatite. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:2495-506. [PMID: 22467406 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite, the main inorganic material in natural bone, has been used widely for orthopaedic applications. Due to size effects and surface phenomena at the nanoscale, nanophase hydroxyapatite possesses unique properties compared to its bulk-phase counterpart. The high surface-to-volume ratio, reactivities, and biomimetic morphologies make nano-hydroxyapatite more favourable in applications such as orthopaedic implant coating or bone substitute filler. Recently, more efforts have been focused on the possibility of combining hydroxyapatite with other drugs and materials for multipurpose applications, such as antimicrobial treatments, osteoporosis treatments and magnetic manipulation. To build more effective nano-hydroxyapatite and composite systems, the particle synthesis processes, chemistry, and toxicity have to be thoroughly investigated. In this Minireview, we report the recent advances in research regarding nano-hydroxyapatite. Synthesis routes and a wide range of applications of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles will be discussed. The Minireview also addresses several challenges concerning the biosafety of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Fox
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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25
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Jimbo R, Coelho PG, Vandeweghe S, Schwartz-Filho HO, Hayashi M, Ono D, Andersson M, Wennerberg A. Histological and three-dimensional evaluation of osseointegration to nanostructured calcium phosphate-coated implants. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:4229-34. [PMID: 21816237 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructures on implant surfaces have been shown to enhance osseointegration; however, commonly used evaluation techniques are probably not sufficiently sensitive to fully determine the effects of this process. This study aimed to observe the osseointegration properties of nanostructured calcium phosphate (CaP)-coated implants, by using a combination of three-dimensional imaging and conventional histology. Titanium implants were coated with stable CaP nanoparticles using an immersion technique followed by heat treatment. Uncoated implants were used as the control. After topographical and chemical characterizations, implants were inserted into the rabbit femur. After 2 and 4weeks, the samples were retrieved for micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric evaluation. Scanning electron microscopy evaluation indicated that the implant surface was modified at the nanoscale by CaP to obtain surface textured with rod-shaped structures. Relative to the control, the bone-to-implant contact for the CaP-coated implant was significantly higher at 4weeks after the implant surgery. Further, corresponding 3-D images showed active bone formation surrounding the implant. 3-D quantification and 2-D histology demonstrated statistical correlation; moreover, 3-D quantification indicated a statistical decrease in bone density in the non-coated control implant group between 2 and 4weeks after the surgery. The application of 3-D evaluation further clarified the temporal characteristics and biological reaction of implants in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Jimbo
- Surface Biology Group, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Sweden.
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26
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Jimbo R, Xue Y, Hayashi M, Schwartz-Filho HO, Andersson M, Mustafa K, Wennerberg A. Genetic responses to nanostructured calcium-phosphate-coated implants. J Dent Res 2011; 90:1422-7. [PMID: 21933935 DOI: 10.1177/0022034511422911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructured calcium phosphate (CaP) has been histologically and biomechanically proven to enhance osseointegration of implants; however, conventional techniques were not sufficiently sensitive to capture its biological effects fully. Here, we compared the conventional removal torque (RTQ) evaluation and gene expression in tissues around nanostructured CaP-coated implants, using real-time RT-PCR, with those of uncoated implants, in a rabbit model. At 2 wks, RTQ values were significantly higher, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression was significantly higher, and runt-related transcription factor 2 and tumor necrosis factor-α expressions were significantly lower in the coated than in the uncoated implants. This indicates that inflammatory responses were suppressed and osteoprogenitor activity increased around the CaP-coated surface. At 4 wks, although RTQ values did not significantly differ between the 2 groups, ALP and osteocalcin (OCN) were significantly up-regulated in the coated group, indicating progressive mineralization of the bone around the implant. Moreover, an osteoclast marker, adenosine triphosphatase, which indicates acidification of the resorption lacunae, was significantly higher for the coated implants, suggesting gradual resorption of the CaP coating. This study reveals detailed genetic responses to nanostructured CaP-coated implants and provides evidence that the effect of nanotopography is significant during the osseointegration cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jimbo
- Surface Biology Group, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden.
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