1
|
Pereira-Silva M, Miranda-Pastoriza D, Diaz-Gomez L, Sotelo E, Paiva-Santos AC, Veiga F, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Gemcitabine-Vitamin E Prodrug-Loaded Micelles for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:95. [PMID: 38258105 PMCID: PMC10819901 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive cancer subtype presenting unmet clinical challenges. Conventional chemotherapy, which includes antimetabolite gemcitabine (GEM), is seriously undermined by a short half-life, its lack of targeting ability, and systemic toxicity. GEM incorporation in self-assembled nanosystems is still underexplored due to GEM's hydrophilicity which hinders efficient encapsulation. We hypothesized that vitamin E succinate-GEM prodrug (VES-GEM conjugate) combines hydrophobicity and multifunctionalities that can facilitate the development of Pluronic® F68 and Pluronic® F127 micelle-based nanocarriers, improving the therapeutic potential of GEM. Pluronic® F68/VES-GEM and Pluronic® F127/VES-GEM micelles covering a wide range of molar ratios were prepared by solvent evaporation applying different purification methods, and characterized regarding size, charge, polydispersity index, morphology, and encapsulation. Moreover, the effect of sonication and ultrasonication and the influence of a co-surfactant were explored together with drug release, stability, blood compatibility, efficacy against tumour cells, and cell uptake. The VES-GEM conjugate-loaded micelles showed acceptable size and high encapsulation efficiency (>95%) following an excipient reduction rationale. Pluronic® F127/VES-GEM micelles evidenced a superior VES-GEM release profile (cumulative release > 50%, pH = 7.4), stability, cell growth inhibition (<50% cell viability for 100 µM VES-GEM), blood compatibility, and extensive cell internalization, and therefore represent a promising approach to leveraging the efficacy and safety of GEM for PC-targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Pereira-Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.P.-S.); (A.C.P.-S.); (F.V.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Darío Miranda-Pastoriza
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Farmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.M.-P.); (E.S.)
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Eddy Sotelo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Farmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.M.-P.); (E.S.)
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.P.-S.); (A.C.P.-S.); (F.V.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.P.-S.); (A.C.P.-S.); (F.V.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Opportunities and challenges of fatty acid conjugated therapeutics. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 236:105053. [PMID: 33484709 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Instability, poor cellular uptake and unfavorable pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of many therapeutic molecules require modification in their physicochemical properties. The conjugation of these APIs with fatty acids has demonstrated an enhancement in their lipophilicity and stability. The improvement in the formulations that resulted from the conjugation of a drug with a fatty acid includes increased half-life, enhanced cellular uptake and retention, targeted tumor delivery, reduced chemoresistance in cancer, and improved blood-brain-barrier (BBB) penetration. In this review, various therapeutic molecules, including small molecules, peptides and oligonucleotides, that have been conjugated with fatty acid have been thoroughly discussed along with various conjugation strategies. The application of nano-system based delivery is gaining a lot of attention due to its ability to provide controlled drug release, targeting and reducing the extent of side effects. This review also covers various nano-carriers that have been utilized for the delivery of fatty acid drug conjugates. The enhanced lipophilicity of the drug-fatty acid conjugate has shown to enhance the affinity of the drug towards these carriers, thereby increasing the entrapment efficiency and formulation performance.
Collapse
|
3
|
Fattahi N, Shahbazi MA, Maleki A, Hamidi M, Ramazani A, Santos HA. Emerging insights on drug delivery by fatty acid mediated synthesis of lipophilic prodrugs as novel nanomedicines. J Control Release 2020; 326:556-598. [PMID: 32726650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many drug molecules that are currently in the market suffer from short half-life, poor absorption, low specificity, rapid degradation, and resistance development. The design and development of lipophilic prodrugs can provide numerous benefits to overcome these challenges. Fatty acids (FAs), which are lipophilic biomolecules constituted of essential components of the living cells, carry out many necessary functions required for the development of efficient prodrugs. Chemical conjugation of FAs to drug molecules may change their pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics in vivo and even their toxicity profile. Well-designed FA-based prodrugs can also present other benefits, such as improved oral bioavailability, promoted tumor targeting efficiency, controlled drug release, and enhanced cellular penetration, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discuss diverse drug molecules conjugated to various unsaturated FAs. Furthermore, various drug-FA conjugates loaded into various nanostructure delivery systems, including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, emulsions, nano-assemblies, micelles, and polymeric nanoparticles, are reviewed. The present review aims to inspire readers to explore new avenues in prodrug design based on the various FAs with or without nanostructured delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Fattahi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran; Trita Nanomedicine Research Center (TNRC), Trita Third Millennium Pharmaceuticals, 45331-55681 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Aziz Maleki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hamidi
- Trita Nanomedicine Research Center (TNRC), Trita Third Millennium Pharmaceuticals, 45331-55681 Zanjan, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran; Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou X, Wang S, Zhu Y, Pan Y, Zhang L, Yang Z. Overcoming the delivery barrier of oligonucleotide drugs and enhancing nucleoside drug efficiency: The use of nucleolipids. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:1178-1199. [PMID: 31820472 DOI: 10.1002/med.21652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of synthetic technology and biological technology, many nucleic acid-based drugs have entered the clinical trials. However, their inherent disabilities in actively and efficiently penetrating cell membranes still severely restrict their further application. The main drawback of cationic lipids, which have been widely used as nonviral vectors of nucleic acids, is their high cytotoxicity. A series of nucleoside-based or nucleotide-based nucleolipids have been reported in recent years, due to their oligonucleotide delivery capacity and low toxicity in comparison with cationic lipids. Lipophilic prodrugs of nucleoside analogs have extremely similar structures with nucleolipid vectors and are thus helpful for improving the transmembrane ability. This review introduces the progress of nucleolipids and provides new strategies for improving the delivery efficiency of nucleic acid-based drugs, as well as lipophilic prodrugs of nucleosides or nucleotides for antiviral or anticancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, Haidian, China
| | - Shuhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, Haidian, China
| | - Yuejie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, Haidian, China
| | - Yufei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, Haidian, China
| | - Lihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, Haidian, China
| | - Zhenjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, Haidian, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Du S, Xiong H, Xu C, Lu Y, Yao J. Attempts to strengthen and simplify the tumor vascular normalization strategy using tumor vessel normalization promoting nanomedicines. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:1147-1160. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01350k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor vascular normalization theory opened the door for the rational use of antiangiogenic agents and chemotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Stability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Hui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Stability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Stability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Yun Lu
- Pharmaceutical R&D Institute
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co
- Ltd
- 222047
- China
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Stability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Italiya KS, Mazumdar S, Sharma S, Chitkara D, Mahato RI, Mittal A. Self-assembling lisofylline-fatty acid conjugate for effective treatment of diabetes mellitus. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 15:175-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
7
|
Kapoor B, Gupta R, Singh SK, Gulati M, Singh S. Prodrugs, phospholipids and vesicular delivery - An effective triumvirate of pharmacosomes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 253:35-65. [PMID: 29454464 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the advent from the laboratory bench to patient bedside in last five decades, vesicular systems have now come to be widely accepted as pragmatic means for controlled delivery of drugs. Their success stories include those of liposomes, niosomes and even the lately developed ethosomes and transferosomes. Pharmacosomes, which, as delivery systems offer numerous advantages and have been widely researched, however, remain largely unacknowledged as a successful delivery system. Though a large number of drugs have been derivatized and formulated into self-assembled vesicular systems, the term pharmacosomes has not been widely used while reporting them. Therefore, their relative obscurity may be attributed to the non-usage of the nomenclature of pharmacosomes by the researchers working in the area. We present a review on the scenario that lead to origin of these bio-inspired vesicles composed of self-assembling amphiphilic molecules. Various drugs that have been formulated into pharmacosomes, their characterization techniques, their properties relative to those of other vesicular delivery systems, and the success achieved so far are also discussed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang M, Dai T, Feng N. A Novel Solubility-Enhanced Rubusoside-Based Micelles for Increased Cancer Therapy. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:274. [PMID: 28410552 PMCID: PMC5391341 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Many anti-cancer drugs have a common problem of poor solubility. Increasing the solubility of the drugs is very important for its clinical applications. In the present study, we revealed that the solubility of insoluble drugs was significantly enhanced by adding rubusoside (RUB). Further, it was demonstrated that RUB could form micelles, which was well characterized by Langmuir monolayer investigation, transmission electron microscopy, atomic-force microscopy, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. The RUB micelles were ellipsoid with the horizontal distance of ~25 nm and vertical distance of ~1.2 nm. Insoluble synergistic anti-cancer drugs including curcumin and resveratrol were loaded in RUB to form anti-cancer micelles RUB/CUR + RES. MTT assay showed that RUB/CUR + RES micelles had more significant toxicity on MCF-7 cells compared to RUB/CUR micelles + RUB/RES micelles. More importantly, it was confirmed that RUB could load other two insoluble drugs together for remarkably enhanced anti-cancer effect compared to that of RUB/one drug + RUB/another drug. Overall, we concluded that RUB-based micelles could efficiently load insoluble drugs for enhanced anti-cancer effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tongcheng Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Covalent modification of therapeutic compounds is a clinically proven strategy to devise prodrugs with enhanced treatment efficacies. This prodrug strategy relies on the modified drugs that possess advantageous pharmacokinetic properties and administration routes over their parent drug. Self-assembling prodrugs represent an emerging class of therapeutic agents capable of spontaneously associating into well-defined supramolecular nanostructures in aqueous solutions. The self-assembly of prodrugs expands the functional space of conventional prodrug design, affording a possible pathway to more effective therapies as the assembled nanostructure possesses distinct physicochemical properties and interaction potentials that can be tailored to specific administration routes and disease treatment. In this review, we will discuss the various types of self-assembling prodrugs in development, providing an overview of the methods used to control their structure and function and, ultimately, our perspective on their current and future potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Cheetham
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Lipid-drug conjugates (LDCs) are drug molecules that have been covalently modified with lipids. The conjugation of lipids to drug molecules increases lipophilicity and also changes other properties of drugs. The conjugates demonstrate several advantages including improved oral bioavailability, improved targeting to the lymphatic system, enhanced tumor targeting, and reduced toxicity. Based on the chemical nature of drugs and lipids, various conjugation strategies and chemical linkers can be utilized to synthesize LDCs. Linkers and/or conjugation methods determine how drugs are released from LDCs and are critical for the optimal performance of LDCs. In this review, different lipids used for preparing LDCs and various conjugation strategies are summarized. Although LDCs can be administered without a delivery carrier, most of them are loaded into appropriate delivery systems. The lipid moiety in the conjugates can significantly enhance drug loading into hydrophobic components of delivery carriers and thus generate formulations with high drug loading and superior stability. Different delivery carriers such as emulsions, liposomes, micelles, lipid nanoparticles, and polymer nanoparticles are also discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Irby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University , Hampton, Virginia 23668, United States
| | - Chengan Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University , Hampton, Virginia 23668, United States
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University , Hampton, Virginia 23668, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhu L, Li M, Liu X, Du L, Jin Y. Inhalable oridonin-loaded poly(lactic- co-glycolic)acid large porous microparticles for in situ treatment of primary non-small cell lung cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:80-90. [PMID: 28119812 PMCID: PMC5237759 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. Traditional chemotherapy for this disease leads to serious side effects. Here we prepared an inhalable oridonin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid (PLGA) large porous microparticle (LPMP) for in situ treatment of NSCLC with the emulsion/solvent evaporation/freeze-drying method. The LPMPs were smooth spheres with many internal pores. Despite a geometric diameter of ~10 µm, the aerodynamic diameter of the spheres was only 2.72 µm, leading to highly efficient lung deposition. In vitro studies showed that most of oridonin was released after 1 h, whereas the alveolar macrophage uptake of LPMPs occurred after 8 h, so that most of oridonin would enter the surroundings without undergoing phagocytosis. Rat primary NSCLC models were built and administered with saline, oridonin powder, gemcitabine, and oridonin-loaded LPMPs via airway, respectively. The LPMPs showed strong anticancer effects. Oridonin showed strong angiogenesis inhibition and apoptosis. Relevant mechanisms are thought to include oridonin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction accompanied by low mitochondrial membrane potentials, downregulation of BCL-2 expressions, upregulation of expressions of BAX, caspase-3 and caspase-9. The oridonin-loaded PLGA LPMPs showed high anti-NSCLC effects after pulmonary delivery. In conclusion, LPMPs are promising dry powder inhalations for in situ treatment of lung cancer.
Collapse
Key Words
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- DAB, 3,3ʹ-diaminobenzidine
- DAPI, 4ʹ,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DPI, dry powder inhalation
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- FPF, fine particle fraction
- HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- LPMP, large porous microparticle
- Large porous microparticle
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- Non-small cell lung cancer
- Oridonin
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid
- PVA, polyvinyl alcohol
- Poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid
- Pulmonary delivery
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- SLF, simulated lung fluid
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicine
- XRD, X-ray diffraction
- qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lina Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yiguang Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dubey RD, Saneja A, Gupta PK, Gupta PN. Recent advances in drug delivery strategies for improved therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 93:147-62. [PMID: 27531553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gemcitabine (2',2'-difluoro-2'-deoxycytidine; dFdC) is an efficacious anticancer agent acting against a wide range of solid tumors, including pancreatic, non-small cell lung, bladder, breast, ovarian, thyroid and multiple myelomas. However, short plasma half-life due to metabolism by cytidine deaminase necessitates administration of high dose, which limits its medical applicability. Further, due to its hydrophilic nature, it cannot traverse cell membranes by passive diffusion and, therefore, enters via nucleoside transporters that may lead to drug resistance. To circumvent these limitations, macromolecular prodrugs and nanocarrier-based formulations of Gemcitabine are gaining wide recognition. The nanoformulations based approaches by virtue of their controlled release and targeted delivery have proved to improve bioavailability, increase therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects of the drug. Furthermore, the combination of Gemcitabine with other anticancer agents as well as siRNAs using nanocarriers has also been investigated in order to enhance its therapeutic potential. This review deals with challenges and recent advances in the delivery of Gemcitabine with particular emphasis on macromolecular prodrugs and nanomedicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Dhar Dubey
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi 180001, India
| | - Ankit Saneja
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi 180001, India
| | - Prasoon K Gupta
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi 180001, India.
| | - Prem N Gupta
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi 180001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Long-circulating and liver-targeted nanoassemblies of cyclic phosphoryl N -dodecanoyl gemcitabine for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 79:208-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
|
14
|
Abstract
The convergence of nanoscience and drug delivery has prompted the formation of the field of nanomedicine, one that exploits the novel physicochemical and biological properties of nanostructures for improved medical treatments and reduced side effects. Until recently, this nanostructure-mediated strategy considered the drug to be solely a biologically active compound to be delivered, and its potential as a molecular building unit remained largely unexplored. A growing trend within nanomedicine has been the use of drug molecules to build well-defined nanostructures of various sizes and shapes. This strategy allows for the creation of self-delivering supramolecular nanomedicines containing a high and fixed drug content. Through rational design of the number and type of the drug incorporated, the resulting nanostructures can be tailored to assume various morphologies (e.g. nanospheres, rods, nanofibers, or nanotubes) for a particular mode of administration such as systemic, topical, and local delivery. This review covers the recent advances in this rapidly developing field, with the aim of providing an in-depth evaluation of the exciting opportunities that this new field could create to improve the current clinical practice of nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Andrew G. Cheetham
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu J, Liu J, Zhao D, Ma N, Luan Y. Highly enhanced leukemia therapy and oral bioavailability from a novel amphiphilic prodrug of cytarabine. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02051h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly enhanced leukemia therapy and oral bioavailability are demonstrated for a new amphiphilic prodrug of cytarabine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
- Chia Tai Tian Qing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd
| | - Dujuan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Naxin Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Yuxia Luan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jin Y, Wang S, Yao W, Du L. Molecular self-assembly of amphiphilic cyclic phosphoryl gemcitabine with different N-fatty acyl tails and enhanced anticancer effects of the self-assembled nanostructures. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 133:356-61. [PMID: 26143151 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly of nucleosides is important, and the self-assembled nanostructures may be used for drug delivery and targeting. Gemcitabine (GEM) is an important anticancer nucleoside analog though deactivation and multi-drug resistance frequently happen. Four N-fatty acyl derivatives of cyclic phosphoryl GEM were prepared based on the theory of self-assembled drug delivery systems and the HepDirect prodrug technique wherein the prodrug could be degraded by the cytochrome P450 isozymes in hepatocytes to release active drugs. They are cyclic phosphoryl N-octyl gemcitabine (CPOG), cyclic phosphoryl N-dodecanoyl gemcitabine (CPDG), cyclic phosphoryl N-hexadecanoyl gemcitabine (CPHG), and cyclic phosphoryl N-octadecanoyl gemcitabine (CPODG). Their amphiphilicity and self-assembling property were explored. The self-assembled nanostructures of them were prepared and simulated. The in vitro anticancer activities of the nanostructures were investigated. The derivatives formed the Langmuir monolayers at the air/water interface, though their surface pressure-molecular area isotherms were different with dependency of the length of lipid chains. The derivatives self-assembled into the vesicular or rice-like nanostructures based on the hydrophobic interaction between lipid chains when injected into water, in accordance with the results of computer simulation. The nanostructures showed higher anticancer effects on HepG2 cells than GEM. The nanostructures are promising anticancer nanomedicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiguang Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Weishang Yao
- Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lina Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mura S, Bui DT, Couvreur P, Nicolas J. Lipid prodrug nanocarriers in cancer therapy. J Control Release 2015; 208:25-41. [PMID: 25617724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Application of nanotechnology in the medical field (i.e., nanomedicine) plays an important role in the development of novel drug delivery methods. Nanoscale drug delivery systems can indeed be customized with specific functionalities in order to improve the efficacy of the treatments. However, despite the progresses of the last decades, nanomedicines still face important obstacles related to: (i) the physico-chemical properties of the drug moieties which may reduce the total amount of loaded drug; (ii) the rapid and uncontrolled release (i.e., burst release) of the encapsulated drug after administration and (iii) the instability of the drug in biological media where a fast transformation into inactive metabolites can occur. As an alternative strategy to alleviate these drawbacks, the prodrug approach has found wide application. The covalent modification of a drug molecule into an inactive precursor from which the drug will be freed after administration offers several benefits such as: (i) a sustained drug release (mediated by chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis of the linkage between the drug-moiety and its promoiety); (ii) an increase of the drug chemical stability and solubility and, (iii) a reduced toxicity before the metabolization occurs. Lipids have been widely used as building blocks for the design of various prodrugs. Interestingly enough, these lipid-derivatized drugs can be delivered through a nanoparticulate form due to their ability to self-assemble and/or to be incorporated into lipid/polymer matrices. Among the several prodrugs developed so far, this review will focus on the main achievements in the field of lipid-based prodrug nanocarriers designed to improve the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Gemcitabine (Pubchem CID: 60750); 5-fluorouracil (Pubchem CID: 3385); Doxorubicin (Pubchem CID: 31703); Docetaxel (Pubchem CID: 148124); Methotrexate (Pubchem CID: 126941); Paclitaxel (Pubchem CID: 36314).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mura
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France.
| | - Duc Trung Bui
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
| | - Julien Nicolas
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li M, Qi S, Jin Y, Dong J. Self-assembled drug delivery systems. Part 8: In vitro / in vivo studies of the nanoassemblies of cholesteryl-phosphonyl gemcitabine. Int J Pharm 2015; 478:124-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
19
|
Amphiphilic lipid derivatives of 3′-hydroxyurea-deoxythymidine: Preparation, properties, molecular self-assembly, simulation and in vitro anticancer activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 123:852-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
20
|
Bekkara-Aounallah F, Ambike A, Gref R, Couvreur P, Rosilio V. Interfacial behavior of PEGylated lipids and their effect on the stability of squalenoyl-drug nanoassemblies. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:75-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
21
|
Wang J, Yao K, Wang C, Tang C, Jiang X. Synthesis and drug delivery of novel amphiphilic block copolymers containing hydrophobic dehydroabietic moiety. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:2324-2332. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20100g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|