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Pereira-Silva M, Miranda-Pastoriza D, Diaz-Gomez L, Sotelo E, Paiva-Santos AC, Veiga F, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Gemcitabine-Vitamin E Prodrug-Loaded Micelles for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:95. [PMID: 38258105 PMCID: PMC10819901 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive cancer subtype presenting unmet clinical challenges. Conventional chemotherapy, which includes antimetabolite gemcitabine (GEM), is seriously undermined by a short half-life, its lack of targeting ability, and systemic toxicity. GEM incorporation in self-assembled nanosystems is still underexplored due to GEM's hydrophilicity which hinders efficient encapsulation. We hypothesized that vitamin E succinate-GEM prodrug (VES-GEM conjugate) combines hydrophobicity and multifunctionalities that can facilitate the development of Pluronic® F68 and Pluronic® F127 micelle-based nanocarriers, improving the therapeutic potential of GEM. Pluronic® F68/VES-GEM and Pluronic® F127/VES-GEM micelles covering a wide range of molar ratios were prepared by solvent evaporation applying different purification methods, and characterized regarding size, charge, polydispersity index, morphology, and encapsulation. Moreover, the effect of sonication and ultrasonication and the influence of a co-surfactant were explored together with drug release, stability, blood compatibility, efficacy against tumour cells, and cell uptake. The VES-GEM conjugate-loaded micelles showed acceptable size and high encapsulation efficiency (>95%) following an excipient reduction rationale. Pluronic® F127/VES-GEM micelles evidenced a superior VES-GEM release profile (cumulative release > 50%, pH = 7.4), stability, cell growth inhibition (<50% cell viability for 100 µM VES-GEM), blood compatibility, and extensive cell internalization, and therefore represent a promising approach to leveraging the efficacy and safety of GEM for PC-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Pereira-Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.P.-S.); (A.C.P.-S.); (F.V.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Darío Miranda-Pastoriza
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Farmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.M.-P.); (E.S.)
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Eddy Sotelo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Farmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.M.-P.); (E.S.)
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.P.-S.); (A.C.P.-S.); (F.V.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.P.-S.); (A.C.P.-S.); (F.V.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
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Miranda-Pastoriza D, Bernárdez R, Azuaje J, Prieto-Díaz R, Majellaro M, Tamhankar AV, Koenekoop L, González A, Gioé-Gallo C, Mallo-Abreu A, Brea J, Loza MI, García-Rey A, García-Mera X, Gutiérrez-de-Terán H, Sotelo E. Exploring Non-orthosteric Interactions with a Series of Potent and Selective A 3 Antagonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:243-249. [PMID: 35178181 PMCID: PMC8842279 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
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A library of potent
and highly A3AR selective pyrimidine-based
compounds was designed to explore non-orthosteric interactions within
this receptor. Starting from a prototypical orthosteric A3AR antagonist (ISVY130), the structure-based design explored functionalized
residues at the exocyclic amide L1 region and aimed to provide additional
interactions outside the A3AR orthosteric site. The novel
ligands were assembled through an efficient and succinct synthetic
approach, resulting in compounds that retain the A3AR potent
and selective profile while improving the solubility of the original
scaffold. The experimentally demonstrated tolerability of the L1 region
to structural functionalization was further assessed by molecular
dynamics simulations, giving hints of the non-orthosteric interactions
explored by these series. The results pave the way to explore newly
functionalized A3AR ligands, including covalent drugs and
molecular probes for diagnostic and delivery purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rubén Prieto-Díaz
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75124, Sweden
| | | | - Ashish V. Tamhankar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75124, Sweden
| | - Lucien Koenekoop
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75124, Sweden
| | - Alejandro González
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | - José Brea
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M. Isabel Loza
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | - Hugo Gutiérrez-de-Terán
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75124, Sweden
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Mallo-Abreu A, Reyes-Resina I, Azuaje J, Franco R, García-Rey A, Majellaro M, Miranda-Pastoriza D, García-Mera X, Jespers W, Gutiérrez-de-Terán H, Navarro G, Sotelo E. Potent and Subtype-Selective Dopamine D 2 Receptor Biased Partial Agonists Discovered via an Ugi-Based Approach. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8710-8726. [PMID: 34110150 PMCID: PMC8552448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
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Using
a previously unexplored, efficient, and versatile multicomponent
method, we herein report the rapid generation of novel potent and
subtype-selective DRD2 biased partial agonists. This strategy
exemplifies the search for diverse and previously unexplored moieties
for the secondary/allosteric pharmacophore of the common phenyl-piperazine
scaffold. The pharmacological characterization of the new compound
series led to the identification of several ligands with excellent
DRD2 affinity and subtype selectivity and remarkable functional
selectivity for either the cAMP (22a and 24d) or the β-arrestin (27a and 29c)
signaling pathways. These results were further interpreted on the
basis of molecular models of these ligands in complex with the recent
DRD2 crystal structures, highlighting the critical role
of the secondary/allosteric pharmacophore in modulating the functional
selectivity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mallo-Abreu
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jhonny Azuaje
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aitor García-Rey
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Majellaro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Darío Miranda-Pastoriza
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Xerardo García-Mera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Willem Jespers
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75124, Sweden
| | | | - Gemma Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eddy Sotelo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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