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Rosenbaum C, Gerds N, Hack L, Weitschies W. Scalability of API-Loaded Multifilament Yarn Production by Hot-Melt Extrusion and Evaluation of Fiber-Based Dosage Forms. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:1103. [PMID: 39204448 PMCID: PMC11360357 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fiber-based technologies are widely used in various industries, but their use in pharmaceuticals remains limited. While melt extrusion is a standard method for producing medical fibers such as sutures, it is rarely used for pharmaceutical fiber-based dosage forms. The EsoCap system is a notable exception, using a melt-extruded water-soluble filament as the drug release trigger mechanism. The challenge of producing drug-loaded fibers, particularly due to the use of spinning oils, and the processing of the fibers are addressed in this work using other approaches. The aim of this study was to develop processes for the production and processing of pharmaceutical fibers for targeted drug delivery. Fibers loaded with polyvinyl alcohol and fluorescein sodium as a model drug were successfully prepared by a continuous melt extrusion process and directly spun. These fibers exhibited uniform surface smoothness and consistent tensile strength. In addition, the fibers were further processed into tubular dosage forms using a modified knitting machine and demonstrated rapid drug release in a flow cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Rosenbaum
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 3, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
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2
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Gavande V, Nagappan S, Seo B, Lee WK. A systematic review on green and natural polymeric nanofibers for biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130135. [PMID: 38354938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Electrospinning is the simplest technique to produce ultrathin nanofibers, which enables the use of nanotechnology in various applications. Nanofibrous materials produced through electrospinning have garnered significant attention in biomedical applications due to their unique properties and versatile potential. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on incorporating sustainability principles into material design and production. However, electrospun nanofibers, owing to their reliance on solvents associated with significant drawbacks like toxicity, flammability, and disposal challenges, frequently fall short of meeting environmentally friendly standards. Due to the limited solvent choices and heightened concerns for safety and hygiene in modern living, it becomes imperative to carefully assess the implications of employing electrospun nanofibers in diverse applications and consumer products. This systematic review aims to comprehensively assess the current state of research and development in the field of "green and natural" electrospun polymer nanofibers as well as more fascinating and eco-friendly commercial techniques, solvent preferences, and other green routes that respect social and legal restrictions tailored for biomedical applications. We explore the utilization of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers sourced from renewable feedstocks, eco-friendly processing techniques, and the evaluation of environmental impacts. Our review highlights the potential of green and natural electrospun nanofibers to address sustainability concerns while meeting the demanding requirements of various biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound healing, and diagnostic platforms. We analyze the advantages, challenges, and future prospects of these materials, offering insights into the evolving landscape of environmentally responsible nanofiber technology in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Gavande
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Saravanan Nagappan
- Industry-University Cooperation Foundation, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongkuk Seo
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 45 Jonggaro, Ulsan 44412, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ki Lee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Ramesh VH, Goudanavar P, Ramesh B, Naveen NR, Gowthami B. Pharmaceutical/Biomedical Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers - Comprehensive Review, Attentive to Process Parameters and Patent Landscape. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:412-427. [PMID: 37702161 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230911163249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a new science and business endeavour with worldwide economic benefits. Growing knowledge of nanomaterial fabrication techniques has increased the focus on nanomaterial preparation for various purposes. Nanofibers are one-dimensional nanomaterials having distinct physicochemical properties and characteristics. Nanofibers are nanomaterial types with a cross-sectional dimension of tens to hundreds of nanometres. They may create high porosity mesh networks with significant interconnections among pores, making them suitable for advanced applications. Electrospinning stands out for its ease of use, flexibility, low cost, and variety among the approaches described in the literature. The most common method for making nanofibers is electrospinning. This article extensively describes and summarizes the impact of various process variables on the fabrication of nanofibers. Special attention has been given to scientific and patent prospection to confirm the research interests in nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varshini Hemmanahalli Ramesh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagar, Karnataka, 571448, India
| | - Prakash Goudanavar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagar, Karnataka, 571448, India
| | - Bevenahalli Ramesh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagar, Karnataka, 571448, India
| | - Nimbagal Raghavendra Naveen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagar, Karnataka, 571448, India
| | - Buduru Gowthami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Annamacharya College of Pharmacy, New Boyanapalli, Rajampet, 516126, Andhra Pradesh, India
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4
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O’Meara CH, Nguyen TV, Jafri Z, Boyer M, Shonka DC, Khachigian LM. Personalised Medicine and the Potential Role of Electrospinning for Targeted Immunotherapeutics in Head and Neck Cancer. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:6. [PMID: 38202461 PMCID: PMC10780990 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Advanced head and neck cancer (HNC) is functionally and aesthetically destructive, and despite significant advances in therapy, overall survival is poor, financial toxicity is high, and treatment commonly exacerbates tissue damage. Although response and durability concerns remain, antibody-based immunotherapies have heralded a paradigm shift in systemic treatment. To overcome limitations associated with antibody-based immunotherapies, exploration into de novo and repurposed small molecule immunotherapies is expanding at a rapid rate. Small molecule immunotherapies also have the capacity for chelation to biodegradable, bioadherent, electrospun scaffolds. This article focuses on the novel concept of targeted, sustained release immunotherapies and their potential to improve outcomes in poorly accessible and risk for positive margin HNC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor H. O’Meara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Canberra Hospital, Garran, ACT 2605, Australia
- ANU School of Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Thanh Vinh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Zuhayr Jafri
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research, Department of Pathology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (Z.J.)
| | - Michael Boyer
- Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
| | - David C. Shonka
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Levon M. Khachigian
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research, Department of Pathology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (Z.J.)
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5
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Patel SK, Agashe H, Patton DL, Sweeney Y, Beamer MA, Hendrix CW, Hillier SL, Rohan LC. Tenofovir vaginal film as a potential MPT product against HIV-1 and HSV-2 acquisition: formulation development and preclinical assessment in non-human primates. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2023; 5:1217835. [PMID: 37638127 PMCID: PMC10449455 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2023.1217835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenofovir (TFV) is an adenosine nucleotide analog with activity against HIV and HSV-2. Secondary analyses of clinical trials evaluating TFV gel as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV have shown that gel formulations of TFV provide significant protection against both HIV and HSV-2 acquisition in women who had evidence of use. An alternate quick-dissolving polymeric thin film, to deliver TFV (20 and 40 mg) has been developed as a potential multipurpose technology (MPT) platform. Film formulation was developed based on excipient compatibility, stability, and ability to incorporate TFV doses. Placebo, low dose (20 mg), and high dose (40 mg) films were utilized in these studies. The developed film platform efficiently incorporated the high dose of TFV (40 mg/film), released more than 50% of drug in 15 min with no in vitro toxicity. Pharmacological activity was confirmed in an ex vivo HIV-1 challenge study, which showed a reduction in HIV-1 infection with TFV films. Films were stable at both doses for at least 2 years. These films were found to be safe in macaques with repeated exposure for 2 weeks as evidenced by minimal perturbation to tissues, microbiome, neutrophil influx, and pH. Macaque sized TFV film (11.2 mg) evaluated in a pigtail macaque model showed higher vaginal tissue concentrations of TFV and active TFV diphosphate compared to a 15 mg TFV loaded gel. These studies confirm that TFV films are stable, safe and efficiently deliver the drug in cervicovaginal compartments supporting their further clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravan Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hrushikesh Agashe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Dorothy L. Patton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yvonne Sweeney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - May A. Beamer
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Craig W. Hendrix
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sharon L. Hillier
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lisa C. Rohan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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6
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Diep E, Schiffman JD. Electrospinning Living Bacteria: A Review of Applications from Agriculture to Health Care. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:951-964. [PMID: 36791266 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Living bacteria are used in biotechnologies that lead to improvements in health care, agriculture, and energy. Encapsulating bacteria into flexible and modular electrospun polymer fabrics that maintain their viability will further enable their use. This review will first provide a brief overview of electrospinning before examining the impact of electrospinning parameters, such as precursor composition, applied voltage, and environment on the viability of encapsulated bacteria. Currently, the use of nanofiber scaffolds to deliver live probiotics into the gut is the most researched application space; however, several additional applications, including skin probiotics (wound bandages) and menstruation products have also been explored and will be discussed. The use of bacteria-loaded nanofibers as seed coatings that promote plant growth, for the remediation of contaminated wastewaters, and in energy-generating microbial fuel cells are also covered in this review. In summary, electrospinning is an effective method for encapsulating living microorganisms into dry polymer nanofibers. While these living composite scaffolds hold potential for use across many applications, before their use in commercial products can be realized, numerous challenges and further investigations remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Diep
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
| | - Jessica D Schiffman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
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7
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Monroe MK, Wang H, Anderson CF, Qin M, Thio CL, Flexner C, Cui H. Antiviral supramolecular polymeric hydrogels by self-assembly of tenofovir-bearing peptide amphiphiles. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:489-498. [PMID: 36449365 PMCID: PMC9894536 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01649d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of long-acting antiviral therapeutic delivery systems is crucial to improve the current treatment and prevention of HIV and chronic HBV. We report here on the conjugation of tenofovir (TFV), an FDA approved nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), to rationally designed peptide amphiphiles (PAs), to construct antiviral prodrug hydrogelators (TFV-PAs). The resultant conjugates can self-assemble into one-dimensional nanostructures in aqueous environments and consequently undergo rapid gelation upon injection into 1× PBS solution to create a drug depot. The TFV-PA designs containing two or three valines could attain instantaneous gelation, with one displaying sustained release for more than 28 days in vitro. Our studies suggest that minor changes in peptide design can result in differences in supramolecular morphology and structural stability, which impacted in vitro gelation and release. We envision the use of this system as an important delivery platform for the sustained, linear release of TFV at rates that can be precisely tuned to attain therapeutically relevant TFV plasma concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya K Monroe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Caleb F Anderson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Meng Qin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Chloe L Thio
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Charles Flexner
- Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology and Infectious Diseases, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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8
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Effect of Electrode Type on Electrospun Membrane Morphology Using Low-Concentration PVA Solutions. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060609. [PMID: 35736316 PMCID: PMC9229226 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun polymer nanofiber materials have been studied as basic materials for various applications. Depending on the intended use of the fibers, their morphology can be adjusted by changing the technological parameters, the properties of the spinning solutions, and the combinations of composition. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of electrode type, spinning parameters, polymer molecular weight, and solution concentration on membranes morphology. The main priority was to obtain the smallest possible fiber diameters and homogeneous electrospun membranes. As a result, five electrode types were selected, the lowest PVA solution concentration for stable spinning process was detected, spinning parameters for homogenous fibers were obtained, and the morphology of electrospun fiber membranes was analyzed. Viscosity, conductivity, pH, and density were evaluated for PVA polymers with five different molecular weights (30-145 kDa) and three concentration solutions (6, 8, and 10 wt.%). The membrane defects and fiber diameters were compared as a function of molecular weight and electrode type. The minimum concentration of PVA in the solution allowed more additives to be added to the solution, resulting in thinner diameters and a higher concentration of the additive in the membranes. The molecular weight, concentration, and electrode significantly affected the fiber diameters and the overall quality of the membrane.
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9
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Hernandez JL, Woodrow KA. Medical Applications of Porous Biomaterials: Features of Porosity and Tissue-Specific Implications for Biocompatibility. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102087. [PMID: 35137550 PMCID: PMC9081257 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Porosity is an important material feature commonly employed in implants and tissue scaffolds. The presence of material voids permits the infiltration of cells, mechanical compliance, and outward diffusion of pharmaceutical agents. Various studies have confirmed that porosity indeed promotes favorable tissue responses, including minimal fibrous encapsulation during the foreign body reaction (FBR). However, increased biofilm formation and calcification is also described to arise due to biomaterial porosity. Additionally, the relevance of host responses like the FBR, infection, calcification, and thrombosis are dependent on tissue location and specific tissue microenvironment. In this review, the features of porous materials and the implications of porosity in the context of medical devices is discussed. Common methods to create porous materials are also discussed, as well as the parameters that are used to tune pore features. Responses toward porous biomaterials are also reviewed, including the various stages of the FBR, hemocompatibility, biofilm formation, and calcification. Finally, these host responses are considered in tissue specific locations including the subcutis, bone, cardiovascular system, brain, eye, and female reproductive tract. The effects of porosity across the various tissues of the body is highlighted and the need to consider the tissue context when engineering biomaterials is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Hernandez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kim A Woodrow
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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10
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Ekrami E, Khodabandeh Shahraky M, Mahmoudifard M, Mirtaleb MS, Shariati P. Biomedical applications of electrospun nanofibers in industrial world: a review. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2032705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ekrami
- Bioprocess Engineering Research Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology (IIEB), National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahvash Khodabandeh Shahraky
- Bioprocess Engineering Research Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology (IIEB), National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Mahmoudifard
- Bioprocess Engineering Research Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology (IIEB), National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Sadat Mirtaleb
- Bioprocess Engineering Research Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology (IIEB), National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Shariati
- Bioprocess Engineering Research Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology (IIEB), National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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11
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das Neves J, Notario-Pérez F, Sarmento B. Women-specific routes of administration for drugs: A critical overview. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113865. [PMID: 34280514 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The woman's body presents a number of unique anatomical features that can constitute valuable routes for the administration of drugs, either for local or systemic action. These are associated with genitalia (vaginal, endocervical, intrauterine, intrafallopian and intraovarian routes), changes occurring during pregnancy (extra-amniotic, intra-amniotic and intraplacental routes) and the female breast (breast intraductal route). While the vaginal administration of drug products is common, other routes have limited clinical application and are fairly unknown even for scientists involved in drug delivery science. Understanding the possibilities and limitations of women-specific routes is of key importance for the development of new preventative, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that will ultimately contribute to the advancement of women's health. This article provides an overview on women-specific routes for the administration of drugs, focusing on aspects such as biological features pertaining to drug delivery, relevance in current clinical practice, available drug dosage forms/delivery systems and administration techniques, as well as recent trends in the field.
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12
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Chandrashekhar P, Minooei F, Arreguin W, Masigol M, Steinbach-Rankins JM. Perspectives on Existing and Novel Alternative Intravaginal Probiotic Delivery Methods in the Context of Bacterial Vaginosis Infection. AAPS J 2021; 23:66. [PMID: 33973067 PMCID: PMC8356663 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00602-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common vaginal infections that affects hundreds of millions of women of reproductive age, worldwide. Traditional treatment strategies, such as oral and topical antibiotics, have shown efficacy against BV, but frequent recurrence of infection and the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria remain as significant challenges. Alternatively, recent progress in understanding immune, microbiological, and metabolic interactions in the vaginal microbiota has prompted the consideration of administering probiotic organisms to restore and maintain vaginal health within the context of BV prevention and treatment. Given this, the objective of this review is to discuss existing and potential alternative approaches to deliver, and to potentially sustain the delivery of probiotics, to prevent and/or treat BV infections. First, a brief overview is provided regarding the probiotic species and combinatorial probiotic strategies that have shown promise in the treatment of BV and in restoring female reproductive health. Additionally, the advantages and challenges associated with current oral and intravaginal probiotic delivery platforms are discussed. Lastly, we present emerging and promising alternative dosage forms, such as electrospun fibers and 3D bioprinted scaffolds, that may be adapted as new strategies to intravaginally deliver probiotic organisms. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farnaz Minooei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Wenndy Arreguin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, 505 S. Hancock St., Room 623, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202, USA
| | - Mohammadali Masigol
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, 505 S. Hancock St., Room 623, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202, USA
| | - Jill M Steinbach-Rankins
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, 505 S. Hancock St., Room 623, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
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13
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Omer S, Forgách L, Zelkó R, Sebe I. Scale-up of Electrospinning: Market Overview of Products and Devices for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Purposes. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:286. [PMID: 33671624 PMCID: PMC7927019 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the electrospinning (ES) process has been extensively studied due to its potential applications in various fields, particularly pharmaceutical and biomedical purposes. The production rate using typical ES technology is usually around 0.01-1 g/h, which is lower than pharmaceutical industry production requirements. Therefore, different companies have worked to develop electrospinning equipment, technological solutions, and electrospun materials into large-scale production. Different approaches have been explored to scale-up the production mainly by increasing the nanofiber jet through multiple needles, free-surface technologies, and hybrid methods that use an additional energy source. Among them, needleless and centrifugal methods have gained the most attention and applications. Besides, the production rate reached (450 g/h in some cases) makes these methods feasible in the pharmaceutical industry. The present study overviews and compares the most recent ES approaches successfully developed for nanofibers' large-scale production and accompanying challenges with some examples of applied approaches in drug delivery systems. Besides, various types of commercial products and devices released to the markets have been mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Omer
- University Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Administration, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Street 7-9, 1092 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - László Forgách
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Romána Zelkó
- University Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Administration, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Street 7-9, 1092 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - István Sebe
- University Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Administration, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Street 7-9, 1092 Budapest, Hungary;
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14
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Minooei F, Fried JR, Fuqua JL, Palmer KE, Steinbach-Rankins JM. In vitro Study on Synergistic Interactions Between Free and Encapsulated Q-Griffithsin and Antiretrovirals Against HIV-1 Infection. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1189-1206. [PMID: 33623382 PMCID: PMC7894819 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s287310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a persistent global challenge, impacting 38 million people worldwide. Antiretrovirals (ARVs) including tenofovir (TFV), raltegravir (RAL), and dapivirine (DAP) have been developed to prevent and treat HIV-1 via different mechanisms of action. In parallel, a promising biological candidate, griffithsin (GRFT), has demonstrated outstanding preclinical safety and potency against HIV-1. While ARV co-administration has been shown to enhance virus inhibition, synergistic interactions between ARVs and the oxidation-resistant variant of GRFT (Q-GRFT) have not yet been explored. Here, we co-administered Q-GRFT with TFV, RAL, and DAP, in free and encapsulated forms, to identify unique protein-drug synergies. Methods Nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a single or double-emulsion technique and release from each formulation was assessed in simulated vaginal fluid. Next, each ARV, in free and encapsulated forms, was co-administered with Q-GRFT or Q-GRFT NPs to evaluate the impact of co-administration in HIV-1 pseudovirus assays, and the combination indices were calculated to identify synergistic interactions. Using the most synergistic formulations, we investigated the effect of agent incorporation in NP-fiber composites on release properties. Finally, NP safety was assessed in vitro using MTT assay. Results All active agents were encapsulated in NPs with desirable encapsulation efficiency (15–100%), providing ~20% release over 2 weeks. The co-administration of free Q-GRFT with each free ARV resulted in strong synergistic interactions, relative to each agent alone. Similarly, Q-GRFT NP and ARV NP co-administration resulted in synergy across all formulations, with the most potent interactions between encapsulated Q-GRFT and DAP. Furthermore, the incorporation of Q-GRFT and DAP in NP-fiber composites resulted in burst release of DAP and Q-GRFT with a second phase of Q-GRFT release. Finally, all NP formulations exhibited safety in vitro. Conclusions This work suggests that Q-GRFT and ARV co-administration in free or encapsulated forms may improve efficacy in achieving prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Minooei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Joel R Fried
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Joshua L Fuqua
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Kenneth E Palmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jill M Steinbach-Rankins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.,Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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15
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Developing and scaling up fast-dissolving electrospun formulations based on poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and ketoprofen. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Chindamo G, Sapino S, Peira E, Chirio D, Gallarate M. Recent Advances in Nanosystems and Strategies for Vaginal Delivery of Antimicrobials. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020311. [PMID: 33530510 PMCID: PMC7912580 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vaginal infections such as bacterial vaginosis (BV), chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis affect millions of women each year. They are caused by an overgrowth of microorganisms, generally sexually transmitted, which in turn can be favored by alterations in the vaginal flora. Conventional treatments of these infections consist in systemic or local antimicrobial therapies. However, in the attempt to reduce adverse effects and to contrast microbial resistance and infection recurrences, many efforts have been devoted to the development of vaginal systems for the local delivery of antimicrobials. Several topical dosage forms such as aerosols, lotions, suppositories, tablets, gels, and creams have been proposed, although they are sometimes ineffective due to their poor penetration and rapid removal from the vaginal canal. For these reasons, the development of innovative drug delivery systems, able to remain in situ and release active agents for a prolonged period, is becoming more and more important. Among all, nanosystems such as liposomes, nanoparticles (NPs), and micelles with tunable surface properties, but also thermogelling nanocomposites, could be exploited to improve local drug delivery, biodistribution, retention, and uptake in vulvovaginal tissues. The aim of this review is to provide a survey of the variety of nanoplatforms developed for the vaginal delivery of antimicrobial agents. A concise summary of the most common vaginal infections and of the conventional therapies is also provided.
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17
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Dziemidowicz K, Sang Q, Wu J, Zhang Z, Zhou F, Lagaron JM, Mo X, Parker GJM, Yu DG, Zhu LM, Williams GR. Electrospinning for healthcare: recent advancements. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:939-951. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02124e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This perspective explores recent developments and innovations in the electrospinning technique and their potential applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qingqing Sang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Jinglei Wu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- UCL School of Pharmacy
- University College London
- London WC1N 1AX
- UK
| | - Fenglei Zhou
- UCL School of Pharmacy
- University College London
- London WC1N 1AX
- UK
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, UCL Computer Science
| | - Jose M. Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology
- Spanish Council for Scientific Research
- Valencia 46100
- Spain
| | - Xiumei Mo
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Geoff J. M. Parker
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, UCL Computer Science
- University College London
- London WC1V 6LJ
- UK
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
| | - Li-Min Zhu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
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18
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Srikamut C, Thongchaivetcharat K, Phakkeeree T, Crespy D. Encapsulation of emulsion droplets and nanoparticles in nanofibers as sustainable approach for their transport and storage. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 577:199-206. [PMID: 32480106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Emulsions are metastable and can be destabilized by coalescence and Ostwald ripening, which lead to phase separation. Immobilizing emulsion droplets in a solid material shall improve their stability during storage. EXPERIMENTS Miniemulsions and dispersions of nanocapsules are electrospun to immobilize colloids in polymer nanofibers. The nanofibers are dissolved after various period of time to re-disperse nanodroplets and nanocapsules. FINDINGS The size of nanodroplets and nanocapsules are close to the size of the original colloids before electrospinning, meaning that the emulsion droplets are efficiently stored overtime in nanofibers. Entrapping droplets in nanofibers by electrospinning allows a reduction of weight and volume of the emulsion of up to 82%. This method is therefore beneficial for improving shelf-life of emulsions, decreasing storage volume, and decreasing energy consumption for transportation of emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadapon Srikamut
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Kusuma Thongchaivetcharat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Treethip Phakkeeree
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand.
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19
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Parham S, Kharazi AZ, Bakhsheshi-Rad HR, Ghayour H, Ismail AF, Nur H, Berto F. Electrospun Nano-Fibers for Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Applications: A Comprehensive Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E2153. [PMID: 32384813 PMCID: PMC7254207 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical nano-fibers have attracted widespread attention from researchers for reasons such as adaptability of the electro-spinning process and ease of production. As a flexible method for fabricating nano-fibers, electro-spinning is extensively used. An electro-spinning unit is composed of a pump or syringe, a high voltage current supplier, a metal plate collector and a spinneret. Optimization of the attained nano-fibers is undertaken through manipulation of the variables of the process and formulation, including concentration, viscosity, molecular mass, and physical phenomenon, as well as the environmental parameters including temperature and humidity. The nano-fibers achieved by electro-spinning can be utilized for drug loading. The mixing of two or more medicines can be performed via electro-spinning. Facilitation or inhibition of the burst release of a drug can be achieved by the use of the electro-spinning approach. This potential is anticipated to facilitate progression in applications of drug release modification and tissue engineering (TE). The present review aims to focus on electro-spinning, optimization parameters, pharmacological applications, biological characteristics, and in vivo analyses of the electro-spun nano-fibers. Furthermore, current developments and upcoming investigation directions are outlined for the advancement of electro-spun nano-fibers for TE. Moreover, the possible applications, complications and future developments of these nano-fibers are summarized in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoh Parham
- Biomaterials Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Faculty, School of Advanced Medical Technology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran; (S.P.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Anousheh Zargar Kharazi
- Biomaterials Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Faculty, School of Advanced Medical Technology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran; (S.P.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran;
| | - Hamid Ghayour
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran;
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Center (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia;
| | - Hadi Nur
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia;
- Central Laboratory of Minerals and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Filippo Berto
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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20
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Scale‐up of electrospinning technology: Applications in the pharmaceutical industry. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 12:e1611. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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21
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Electrospun oral formulations for combined photo-chemotherapy of colon cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 183:110411. [PMID: 31421404 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report new formulations for the combined photo-chemotherapy of colon cancer. Fibers were fabricated via coaxial-electrospinning with the intent of targeting delivery of the anti-cancer drug carmofur (CAR) and the photosensitizer rose bengal (RB) selectively to the colon site. The fibers comprised a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) core loaded with the active ingredients, and a pH-sensitive Eudragit L100-55 shell. The fibers were found to be homogeneous and cylindrical and have visible core-shell structures. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that both CAR and RB were present in the fibers in the amorphous physical form. In vitro drug release studies showed that the fibers have the potential to selectively deliver drugs to the colon, with only 10-15 % release noted in the acidic conditions of the stomach but sustained release at pH 7.4. Cytotoxicity studies were undertaken on human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and colon cancer (Caco-2) cells, and the influence of light on cell death was also explored. The fibers loaded with CAR alone showed obvious toxicity to both cell lines, with and without the application of light. The RB-loaded fibers led to high viability (ca. 80% for both cell types) in the absence of light, but much greater toxicity was noted (30-50%) with light. The same trends were observed with the formulation containing both CAR and RB, but with lower viabilities. The RB and RB/CAR loaded systems show clear selectivity for cancerous over non-cancerous cells. Finally, mucoadhesion studies revealed there were strong adhesive forces between the rat colonic mucosa and the fibers after they had passed through an acidic environment. Such electrospun fibers thus could have potential in the development of oral therapies for colon cancer.
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22
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Adhikari U, An X, Rijal N, Hopkins T, Khanal S, Chavez T, Tatu R, Sankar J, Little KJ, Hom DB, Bhattarai N, Pixley SK. Embedding magnesium metallic particles in polycaprolactone nanofiber mesh improves applicability for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2019; 98:215-234. [PMID: 31059833 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) metal is of great interest in biomedical applications, especially in tissue engineering. Mg exhibits excellent in vivo biocompatibility, biodegradability and, during degradation, releases Mg ions (Mg2+) with the potential to improve tissue repair. We used electrospinning technology to incorporate Mg particles into nanofibers. Various ratios of Mg metal microparticles (<44 µm diameter) were incorporated into nanofiber polycaprolactone (PCL) meshes. Physicochemical properties of the meshes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical tensile testing, X-ray diffractometry and UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Biological properties of meshes were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Under mammalian cell culture conditions, Mg-containing meshes released hydrogen gas and relative amounts of free Mg2+ that reflected the Mg/PCL ratios. All meshes were non-cytotoxic for 3T3 fibroblasts and PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells. In vivo implantation under the skin of mice for 3, 8 and 28 days showed that Mg-containing meshes were well vascularized, with improved measures of inflammation and healing compared to meshes without Mg. Evidence included an earlier appearance and infiltration of tissue repairing macrophages and, after 28 days, evidence of more mature tissue remodeling. Thus, these new composite nanofiber meshes have promising material properties that mitigated inflammatory tissue responses to PCL alone and improved tissue healing, thus providing a suitable matrix for use in clinically relevant tissue engineering applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The biodegradable metal, magnesium, safely biodegrades in the body, releasing beneficial byproducts. To improve tissue delivery, magnesium metal particles were incorporated into electrospun nanofiber meshes composed of a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer, polycaprolactone (PCL). Magnesium addition, at several concentrations, did not alter PCL chemistry, but did alter physical properties. Under cell culture conditions, meshes released magnesium ions and hydrogen gas and were not cytotoxic for two cell types. After implantation in mice, the mesh with magnesium resulted in earlier appearance of M2-like, reparative macrophages and improved tissue healing versus mesh alone. This is in agreement with other studies showing beneficial effects of magnesium metal and provides a new type of scaffold material that will be useful in clinically relevant tissue engineering applications.
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Nangare S, Jadhav N, Ghagare P, Muthane T. Pharmaceutical applications of electrospinning. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2019; 78:1-11. [PMID: 31564424 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Development of tailor-made pharmaceutical nanofibers has gained vital prominence due to ease of fabrication and versatility of electrospinning (ES). ES is one of the flexible and, wonderful strategies for the fabrication of nanofibers. ES unit comprises a supplier of high voltage current, a syringe (pump), spinneret and a metal plate collector. The obtained nanofibers are optimized by manipulating process and formulation variables Viz: polymer/drug resolution (viscosity, concentration, physical phenomenon, molecular mass) and the environmental conditions (humidity, temperature). The electrospun nanofibers can be used for loading of the drug, amorphization of a crystalline API and an increase in its physical storage stability. ES technique enables mixing of two or more API and may facilitate or inhibit the burst release of a drug, along with attainment of modified release. Additionally, nanofibers demonstrate a reduction in overall dose needed for the therapeutic activity, by improving dissolution and bioavailability of the drugs. The current review is an attempt to focus on ES method, the optimization parameters, and pharmaceutical applications of the electrospun nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sopan Nangare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, 127 SOC. NO. 1. R. K. Nagar, 416013 Kolhapur, India
| | - Namdeo Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, 127 SOC. NO. 1. R. K. Nagar, 416013 Kolhapur, India.
| | - Pravin Ghagare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, 127 SOC. NO. 1. R. K. Nagar, 416013 Kolhapur, India
| | - Tejashwini Muthane
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, 127 SOC. NO. 1. R. K. Nagar, 416013 Kolhapur, India
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Maleki Dizaj S, Sharifi S, Jahangiri A. Electrospun nanofibers as versatile platform in antimicrobial delivery: current state and perspectives. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 24:1187-1199. [PMID: 31424308 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1656238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has attracted increasing interest in different aspects of biotechnology. The fabrication of electrospun nanofibers (NFs) containing antibacterial agents for antimicrobial applications has been significantly enhanced in recent years. In the current review, various electrospun NFs with antimicrobial properties were introduced and evaluated. The main focus was on the recent developments and applications of antimicrobial electrospun NFs incorporated with different antimicrobial agents, including metal nanoparticles (NPs), antibiotics, quaternized ammonium compounds, triclosan, herbal extracts, carbon nanomaterials, and antimicrobial biopolymers with inherent antimicrobial properties. The search results revealed that antimicrobial containing electrospun NFs had enhanced antimicrobial performance with various biomedical applications compared to the traditional antimicrobial materials. According to the reported results, most of the studies were of an investigative nature and were mostly based on in vitro tests. Hence, further examination on in vivo clinical performance of these antimicrobial NFs seems necessary. However, these antimicrobial NFs appear to have the potential to achieve clinical usefulness and commercial production in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Azin Jahangiri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Urmia , Iran
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25
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Beymer MR, Holloway IW, Pulsipher C, Landovitz RJ. Current and Future PrEP Medications and Modalities: On-demand, Injectables, and Topicals. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2019; 16:349-358. [PMID: 31222499 PMCID: PMC6719717 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-019-00450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a potent HIV prevention strategy, but uptake of daily oral PrEP remains low. This review covers PrEP agents currently available and agents and modalities under investigation. RECENT FINDINGS Injectable ARV preparations have high acceptability among users but are likely to require adherence to 8-week interval injections. Topical microbicide gels and vaginal rings have underperformed by intention-to-treat analyses in efficacy studies, at least in large part due to challenges with adherence and/or sustained use. However, daily oral TDF-FTC also underperformed in randomized, placebo-controlled trials compared to expectations and subsequent real-world pragmatic use. On-demand (2-1-1 dosing strategy for MSM) and injectable PrEP appear to be acceptable among participants in clinical trials. These modalities are particularly compelling alternatives for individuals who either do not want to take a daily medication (both on-demand and injectable) and/or want to take PrEP without a long commitment (on-demand). Emerging modalities such as vaginal films, microneedles, and subdermal implants have numerous advantages but are still in early stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Beymer
- Department of Health and Mental Health Services, Los Angeles LGBT Center, McDonald/Wright Building, 1625 N Schrader Blvd, Room 114-E, Los Angeles, CA, 90028, USA.
| | - Ian W Holloway
- Department of Social Welfare, Luskin School of Public Affairs, University of California, Los Angeles, 337 Charles E Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | - Raphael J Landovitz
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- UCLA Center for Clinical AIDS Research & Education (CARE), 11075 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 100, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
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Monfared M, Taghizadeh S, Zare-Hoseinabadi A, Mousavi SM, Hashemi SA, Ranjbar S, Amani AM. Emerging frontiers in drug release control by core-shell nanofibers: a review. Drug Metab Rev 2019; 51:589-611. [PMID: 31296075 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2019.1642912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, core-shell (CS) nanofiber has widely been used as a carrier for controlled drug release. This outstanding attention toward CS nanofiber is mainly due to its tremendous significance in controllable drug release in specific locations. The major advantage of CS nanofibers is forming a highly porous mesh, boosting its performance for many applications, due to its large surface-to-volume ratio. This inherently high ratio has prompted electrospun fibers to be considered one of the best drug-delivery-systems available, with the capacity to enhance properties such as cell attachment, drug loading, and mass transfer. Using electrospun fibers as CS nanofibers to incorporate different cargos such as antibiotics, anticancer agents, proteins, DNA, RNA, living cells, and diverse growth factors would considerably satisfy the need for a universal carrier in the field of nanotechnology. In addition to their high surface area, other benefit included in these nanofibers is the ability to trap drugs, easily controlled morphology, and their biomimetic characteristics. In this review, by taking the best advantages of the preparation and uses of CS nanofibers, a novel work in the domain of the controlled drug delivery by nanofiber-based scaffolds is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Monfared
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Taghizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Zare-Hoseinabadi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Alireza Hashemi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saba Ranjbar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ali Mohammad Amani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Effect on in-vitro release of individual and dual contraceptive drug loading from gelatin electrospun fibers. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Tyo KM, Minooei F, Curry KC, NeCamp SM, Graves DL, Fried JR, Steinbach-Rankins JM. Relating Advanced Electrospun Fiber Architectures to the Temporal Release of Active Agents to Meet the Needs of Next-Generation Intravaginal Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E160. [PMID: 30987206 PMCID: PMC6523330 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11040160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospun fibers have emerged as a relatively new delivery platform to improve active agent retention and delivery for intravaginal applications. While uniaxial fibers have been explored in a variety of applications including intravaginal delivery, the consideration of more advanced fiber architectures may offer new options to improve delivery to the female reproductive tract. In this review, we summarize the advancements of electrospun coaxial, multilayered, and nanoparticle-fiber architectures utilized in other applications and discuss how different material combinations within these architectures provide varied durations of release, here categorized as either transient (within 24 h), short-term (24 h to one week), or sustained (beyond one week). We seek to systematically relate material type and fiber architecture to active agent release kinetics. Last, we explore how lessons derived from these architectures may be applied to address the needs of future intravaginal delivery platforms for a given prophylactic or therapeutic application. The overall goal of this review is to provide a summary of different fiber architectures that have been useful for active agent delivery and to provide guidelines for the development of new formulations that exhibit release kinetics relevant to the time frames and the diversity of active agents needed in next-generation multipurpose applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Tyo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
- Center for Predictive Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Farnaz Minooei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Keegan C Curry
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Sarah M NeCamp
- Department of Bioengineering, Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Danielle L Graves
- Department of Bioengineering, Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Joel R Fried
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Jill M Steinbach-Rankins
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
- Center for Predictive Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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29
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Mesquita L, Galante J, Nunes R, Sarmento B, das Neves J. Pharmaceutical Vehicles for Vaginal and Rectal Administration of Anti-HIV Microbicide Nanosystems. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11030145. [PMID: 30917532 PMCID: PMC6472048 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention strategies play a key role in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Vaginal and rectal microbicides hold great promise in tackling sexual transmission of HIV-1, but effective and safe products are yet to be approved and made available to those in need. While most efforts have been placed in finding and testing suitable active drug candidates to be used in microbicide development, the last decade also saw considerable advances in the design of adequate carrier systems and formulations that could lead to products presenting enhanced performance in protecting from infection. One strategy demonstrating great potential encompasses the use of nanosystems, either with intrinsic antiviral activity or acting as carriers for promising microbicide drug candidates. Polymeric nanoparticles, in particular, have been shown to be able to enhance mucosal distribution and retention of promising antiretroviral compounds. One important aspect in the development of nanotechnology-based microbicides relates to the design of pharmaceutical vehicles that allow not only convenient vaginal and/or rectal administration, but also preserve or even enhance the performance of nanosystems. In this manuscript, we revise relevant work concerning the selection of vaginal/rectal dosage forms and vehicle formulation development for the administration of microbicide nanosystems. We also pinpoint major gaps in the field and provide pertinent hints for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Mesquita
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Galante
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rute Nunes
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.
| | - José das Neves
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.
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30
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Martínez-Ortega L, Mira A, Fernandez-Carvajal A, Mateo CR, Mallavia R, Falco A. Development of A New Delivery System Based on Drug-Loadable Electrospun Nanofibers for Psoriasis Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E14. [PMID: 30621136 PMCID: PMC6359116 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune systemic disease with an approximate incidence of 2% worldwide; it is commonly characterized by squamous lesions on the skin that present the typical pain, stinging, and bleeding associated with an inflammatory response. In this work, poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic ethyl monoester) (PMVEMA-ES) nanofibers have been designed as a delivery vehicle for three therapeutic agents with palliative properties for the symptoms of this disease (salicylic acid, methyl salicylate, and capsaicin). For such a task, the production of these nanofibers by means of the electrospinning technique has been optimized. Their morphology and size have been characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By selecting the optimal conditions to achieve the smallest and most uniform nanofibers, approximate diameters of up to 800⁻900 nm were obtained. It was also determined that the therapeutic agents that were used were encapsulated with high efficiency. The analysis of their stability over time by GC-MS showed no significant losses of the encapsulated compounds 15 days after their preparation, except in the case of methyl salicylate. Likewise, it was demonstrated that the therapeutic compounds that were encapsulated conserved, and even improved, their capacity to activate the transient receptor potential cation channel 1 (TRPV1) channel, which has been associated with the formation of psoriatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Martínez-Ortega
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Amalia Mira
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Asia Fernandez-Carvajal
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Alberto Falco
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain.
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31
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Kurečič M, Mohan T, Virant N, Maver U, Stergar J, Gradišnik L, Kleinschek KS, Hribernik S. A green approach to obtain stable and hydrophilic cellulose-based electrospun nanofibrous substrates for sustained release of therapeutic molecules. RSC Adv 2019; 9:21288-21301. [PMID: 35521346 PMCID: PMC9066020 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03399h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable and (bio)-compatible nanofibrous matrices showing effective incorporation and release of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) hold a huge potential in tissue regeneration and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manja Kurečič
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Maribor
- 2000 Maribor
- Slovenia
| | - Tamilselvan Mohan
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Maribor
- 2000 Maribor
- Slovenia
| | - Natalija Virant
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Maribor
- 2000 Maribor
- Slovenia
| | - Uroš Maver
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Maribor
- 2000 Maribor
- Slovenia
| | - Janja Stergar
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Maribor
- 2000 Maribor
- Slovenia
| | - Lidija Gradišnik
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Maribor
- 2000 Maribor
- Slovenia
| | - Karin Stana Kleinschek
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Maribor
- 2000 Maribor
- Slovenia
| | - Silvo Hribernik
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Maribor
- 2000 Maribor
- Slovenia
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32
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Rasouli R, Barhoum A, Bechelany M, Dufresne A. Nanofibers for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications. Macromol Biosci 2018; 19:e1800256. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahimeh Rasouli
- Department of Medical NanotechnologyTehran University of Medical Sciences—International Campus 14177‐43373 Tehran Iran
| | - Ahmed Barhoum
- Faculty of ScienceChemistry DepartmentHelwan University 11795 Helwan Cairo Egypt
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM UMR 5635)ENSCMCNRSUniversity of Montpellier 34090 Montpellier France
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM UMR 5635)ENSCMCNRSUniversity of Montpellier 34090 Montpellier France
| | - Alain Dufresne
- LGP2, Grenoble INP, CNRSUniversité Grenoble Alpes F‐38000 Grenoble France
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Morel A, Domaschke S, Urundolil Kumaran V, Alexeev D, Sadeghpour A, Ramakrishna S, Ferguson S, Rossi R, Mazza E, Ehret A, Fortunato G. Correlating diameter, mechanical and structural properties of poly(l-lactide) fibres from needleless electrospinning. Acta Biomater 2018; 81:169-183. [PMID: 30273744 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The development and application of nanofibres requires a thorough understanding of the mechanical properties on a single fibre level including respective modelling tools for precise fibre analysis. This work presents a mechanical and morphological study of poly-l-lactide nanofibres developed by needleless electrospinning. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and micromechanical testing (MMT) were used to characterise the mechanical response of the fibres within a diameter range of 200-1400 nm. Young's moduli E determined by means of both methods are in sound agreement and show a strong increase for thinner fibres below a critical diameter of 800 nm. Similar increasing trends for yield stress and hardening modulus were measured by MMT. Finite element analyses show that the common practice of modelling three-point bending tests with either double supported or double clamped beams is prone to significant bias in the determined elastic properties, and that the latter is a good approximation only for small diameters. Therefore, an analytical formula based on intermediate boundary conditions is proposed that is valid for the whole tested range of fibre diameters, providing a consistently low error in axial Young's modulus below 10%. The analysis of fibre morphology by differential scanning calorimetry and 2D wide-angle X-ray scattering revealed increasing polymer chains alignment in the amorphous phase and higher crystallinity of fibres for decreasing diameter. The combination of these observations with the mechanical characterisation suggests a linear relationship between Young's modulus and both crystallinity and molecular orientation in the amorphous phase. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Fibrous membranes have rapidly growing use in various applications, each of which comes with specific property requirements. However, the development and production of nanofibre membranes with dedicated mechanical properties is challenging, in particular with techniques suitable for industrial scales such as needleless electrospinning. It is therefore a key step to understand the mechanical and structural characteristics of single nanofibres developed in this process, and to this end, the present work presents changes of internal fibre structure and mechanical properties with diameter, based on dedicated models. Special attention was given to the commonly used models for analyzing Young's modulus of single nanofibers in three-point bending tests, which are shown to be prone to large errors, and an improved robust approach is proposed.
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34
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Laborde ND, Leslie J, Krogstad E, Morar N, Mutero P, Etima J, Woodrow K, van der Straten A. Perceptions of the "Fabric" - An exploratory study of a novel multi-purpose technology among women in Sub Saharan Africa. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204821. [PMID: 30379839 PMCID: PMC6209182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV and pregnancy prevention are dual health priorities for women, and particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Drug-eluting fibers offer a dosage form that combines HIV prevention and contraception, but early understanding of end-user perspectives is critical to avoid misalignment between products being developed and preferred product attributes. Methods Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted in South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe, among 55 women who had used vaginal products in previous trials. Participants were given the opportunity to feel a sample of electrospun nanofiber (the fabric), see how it dissolves, and give feedback on shape, size and other attributes. Women were also asked to compare the fabric to vaginal gel and film. Results Three key themes regarding the acceptability of the fabric emerged: 1) look and feel of the product undissolved vs. undissolved, 2) expected effect on sex, and 3) convenience and ease of use. Upon being presented with the fabric, women were initially distrustful, seeing it as undesirable for vaginal insertion. Women generally approved of the product once they saw it dissolve. However, they stressed the importance of the product not interfering with sex by altering the vaginal environment. Women also reacted favorably to the perceived convenience of the fabric, particularly with regards to storage and transport, perceived ease of insertion and use, and dosing regimen. Conclusion Multipurpose prevention technologies, and nanofibers in particular, should be developed with an eye to minimizing impact on sex while maximizing convenience, and presented in such a way as to emphasize non-abrasiveness and ease of dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D. Laborde
- Women’s Global Health Imperative, RTI International, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Jonah Leslie
- Women’s Global Health Imperative, RTI International, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Emily Krogstad
- Women’s Global Health Imperative, RTI International, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Neetha Morar
- South Africa Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
| | - Prisca Mutero
- UZ-UCSF Collaborative Research Programme, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Juliane Etima
- Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University Research Unit, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kim Woodrow
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Ariane van der Straten
- Women’s Global Health Imperative, RTI International, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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35
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Yavuz B, Morgan JL, Showalter L, Horng KR, Dandekar S, Herrera C, LiWang P, Kaplan DL. Pharmaceutical Approaches to HIV Treatment and Prevention. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018; 1:1800054. [PMID: 32775613 PMCID: PMC7413291 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to pose a major infectious disease threat worldwide. It is characterized by the depletion of CD4+ T cells, persistent immune activation, and increased susceptibility to secondary infections. Advances in the development of antiretroviral drugs and combination antiretroviral therapy have resulted in a remarkable reduction in HIV-associated morbidity and mortality. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to effective suppression of HIV replication with partial recovery of host immune system and has successfully transformed HIV infection from a fatal disease to a chronic condition. Additionally, antiretroviral drugs have shown promise for prevention in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and treatment as prevention. However, ART is unable to cure HIV. Other limitations include drug-drug interactions, drug resistance, cytotoxic side effects, cost, and adherence. Alternative treatment options are being investigated to overcome these challenges including discovery of new molecules with increased anti-viral activity and development of easily administrable drug formulations. In light of the difficulties associated with current HIV treatment measures, and in the continuing absence of a cure, the prevention of new infections has also arisen as a prominent goal among efforts to curtail the worldwide HIV pandemic. In this review, the authors summarize currently available anti-HIV drugs and their combinations for treatment, new molecules under clinical development and prevention methods, and discuss drug delivery formats as well as associated challenges and alternative approaches for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcin Yavuz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Jessica L Morgan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology University of California-Merced5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Laura Showalter
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology University of California-Merced5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Katti R Horng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of California-Davis 5605 GBSF, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Satya Dandekar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of California-Davis 5605 GBSF, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Carolina Herrera
- Department of Medicine St. Mary's Campus Imperial College Room 460 Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Patricia LiWang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology University of California-Merced5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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36
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Sun S, Khan AR, Ji J, Yang M, Zhai G. Recent advances in electrospun for drug delivery purpose. J Drug Target 2018; 27:270-282. [PMID: 29798692 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1481413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun, an advanced technology, has been successfully employed for fibre production and offers many merits in novel drug delivery systems (DDSs). In recent years, electrospun has gained significant attention and attraction of the scientists in soaring numbers. This technology is superior to other technologies in fabricating the fibres which range from micrometers to manometers scale. The selection of appropriate polymers, electrospun processes and electrospun parameters play important roles in controlling the drug release while, treating serious illness. Besides, electrospraying process has similar characteristics to the electrospun and is presented briefly here. Further, in vivo and in vitro evaluations of the electrospun nanofibers are comprehensively discussed. In addition, the electrospun nanotechnology has been exploited to design drug release systems, investigate drug's pharmacokinetics and further develop DDS. The electrospun nanofibers improve bioactivity of various types of drugs including water-insoluble, soluble, anticancer and antibacterial drugs and genetic materials. In the end, the prospects and challenges in the process of designing drug-loaded electrospun nanofibers are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Liu
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Siyu Sun
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Abdur Rauf Khan
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Jianbo Ji
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Mingshi Yang
- b Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Shandong University , Jinan , China
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37
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Monroe M, Flexner C, Cui H. Harnessing nanostructured systems for improved treatment and prevention of HIV disease. Bioeng Transl Med 2018; 3:102-123. [PMID: 30065966 PMCID: PMC6063869 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination antiretroviral therapy effectively controls human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral replication, delaying the progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome and improving and extending quality of life of patients. However, the inability of antiretroviral therapeutics to target latent virus and their poor penetration of viral reserve tissues result in the need for continued treatment for the life of the patient. Side effects from long-term antiretroviral use and the development of drug resistance due to patient noncompliance are also continuing problems. Nanostructured systems of antiretroviral therapeutics have the potential to improve targeted delivery to viral reservoirs, reduce drug toxicity, and increase dosing intervals, thereby improving treatment outcomes and enhancing patient adherence. Despite these advantages, very few nanostructured antiretroviral delivery systems have made it to clinical trials due to challenges in preclinical and clinical development. In this context, we review the current challenges in HIV disease management, and the recent progress in leveraging the unique performance of nanostructured systems in therapeutic delivery for improved treatment and prevention of this incurable human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Monroe
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218
| | - Charles Flexner
- Div. of Clinical Pharmacology and Infectious Diseases Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD 21205
| | - Honggang Cui
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218.,Dept. of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205.,Center for Nanomedicine The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21231
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38
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Guthrie KM, Rosen RK, Vargas SE, Guillen M, Steger AL, Getz ML, Smith KA, Ramirez JJ, Kojic EM. User input in iterative design for prevention product development: leveraging interdisciplinary methods to optimize effectiveness. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 7:761-770. [PMID: 28653286 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0397-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of HIV-preventive topical vaginal microbicides has been challenged by a lack of sufficient adherence in later stage clinical trials to confidently evaluate effectiveness. This dilemma has highlighted the need to integrate translational research earlier in the drug development process, essentially applying behavioral science to facilitate the advances of basic science with respect to the uptake and use of biomedical prevention technologies. In the last several years, there has been an increasing recognition that the user experience, specifically the sensory experience, as well as the role of meaning-making elicited by those sensations, may play a more substantive role than previously thought. Importantly, the role of the user-their sensory perceptions, their judgements of those experiences, and their willingness to use a product-is critical in product uptake and consistent use post-marketing, ultimately realizing gains in global public health. Specifically, a successful prevention product requires an efficacious drug, an efficient drug delivery system, and an effective user. We present an integrated iterative drug development and user experience evaluation method to illustrate how user-centered formulation design can be iterated from the early stages of preclinical development to leverage the user experience. Integrating the user and their product experiences into the formulation design process may help optimize both the efficiency of drug delivery and the effectiveness of the user.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Guthrie
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Avenue, Providence, RI, 02906, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Box G-A1, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Rochelle K Rosen
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Avenue, Providence, RI, 02906, USA.,Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Sara E Vargas
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Avenue, Providence, RI, 02906, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Box G-A1, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Melissa Guillen
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Avenue, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
| | - Arielle L Steger
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Melissa L Getz
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Avenue, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
| | - Kelley A Smith
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Avenue, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
| | - Jaime J Ramirez
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Avenue, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
| | - Erna M Kojic
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
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Blakney AK, Jiang Y, Woodrow KA. Application of electrospun fibers for female reproductive health. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 7:796-804. [PMID: 28497376 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0386-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present the current challenges in women's reproductive health and the current state-of-the-art treatment and prevention options for STI prevention, contraception, and treatment of infections. We discuss how the versatile platform of electrospun fibers can be applied to each challenge, and postulate at how these technologies could be improved. The void of approved electrospun fiber-based products yields the potential to apply this useful technology to a number of medical applications, many of which are relevant to women's reproductive health. Given the ability to tune drug delivery characteristics and three-dimensional geometry, there are many opportunities to pursue new product designs and routes of administration for electrospun fibers. For each application, we provide an overview of the versatility of electrospun fibers as a novel dosage form and summarize their advantages in clinical applications. We also provide a perspective on why electrospun fibers are well-suited for a variety of applications within women's reproductive health and identify areas that could greatly benefit from innovations with electrospun fiber-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Blakney
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yonghou Jiang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kim A Woodrow
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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40
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Abstract
Sexual intercourse (vaginal and anal) is the predominant mode of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. Topical microbicides used in an on-demand format (i.e., immediately before or after sex) can be part of an effective tool kit utilized to prevent sexual transmission of HIV. The effectiveness of prevention products is positively correlated with adherence, which is likely to depend on user acceptability of the product. The development of an efficacious and acceptable product is therefore paramount for the success of an on-demand product. Acceptability of on-demand products (e.g., gels, films, and tablets) and their attributes is influenced by a multitude of user-specific factors that span behavioral, lifestyle, socio-economic, and cultural aspects. In addition, physicochemical properties of the drug, anatomical and physiological aspects of anorectal and vaginal compartments, issues relating to large-scale production, and cost can impact product development. These factors together with user preferences determine the design space of an effective, acceptable, and feasible on-demand product. In this review, we summarize the interacting factors that together determine product choice and its target product profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravan Kumar Patel
- School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Lisa Cencia Rohan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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41
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From nano to micro to macro: Electrospun hierarchically structured polymeric fibers for biomedical applications. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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42
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Li H, Sang Q, Wu J, Williams GR, Wang H, Niu S, Wu J, Zhu LM. Dual-responsive drug delivery systems prepared by blend electrospinning. Int J Pharm 2018. [PMID: 29526623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To prepare temperature and pH dual-responsive drug delivery systems, the thermosensitive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) was first synthesized by free-radical polymerization. It was then co-dissolved with the pH-sensitive polymer Eudragit® L100-55 (EL100-55) and processed into fibers using electrospinning. Ketoprofen (KET), a model drug, was also incorporated into the composite fibers, and fibers based on a single polymer additionally prepared. The fibers had smooth cylindrical morphologies, and no obvious phase separation could be seen. Using X-ray diffraction, KET was determined to be present in the amorphous state in the fiber matrix. FTIR spectroscopy also indicated the successful incorporation of amorphous KET in the fibers. In vitro drug release studies in media at different pH (4.5 or 7.4) or temperature (25 and 37 °C) showed that the release of KET from the blend PNIPAAm/EL100-55 fibers was dependent both on environmental temperature and pH, reflecting the dual-responsive properties of the fibers. The MTT assay was used to explore the biocompatibility of the PNIPAAm/EL100-55 composite fibers towards L929 fibroblasts. Viability was always found to be >80%, even at polymer concentrations of 100 mg/L. Therefore, the fibers prepared here could lead to the development of multi-responsive materials for drug delivery and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qingqing Sang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Junzi Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gareth R Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Haijun Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shiwei Niu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jianrong Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Li-Min Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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43
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Brako F, Raimi-Abraham BT, Mahalingam S, Craig DQM, Edirisinghe M. The development of progesterone-loaded nanofibers using pressurized gyration: A novel approach to vaginal delivery for the prevention of pre-term birth. Int J Pharm 2018; 540:31-39. [PMID: 29408268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence has continued to support the applicability of progesterone in preventing preterm birth, hence the development of an appropriate vaginal delivery system for this drug would be of considerable interest. Here, we describe the development of progesterone-loaded bioadhesive nanofibers using pressurized gyration for potential incorporation into a vaginal insert, with a particular view to addressing the challenges of incorporating a poorly water-soluble drug into a hydrophilic nanofiber carrier. Polyethylene oxide and carboxymethyl cellulose were chosen as polymers to develop the carrier systems, based on previous evidence of their yielding mucoadhesive nanofibers using the pressurized gyration technique. The fabrication parameters such as solvent system, initial drug loading and polymer composition were varied to facilitate optimisation of fiber structure and efficiency of drug incorporation. Such studies resulted in the formation of nanofibers with satisfactory surface appearance, diameters in the region of 400 nm and loading of up to 25% progesterone. Thermal and spectroscopic analyses indicated that the drug was incorporated in a nanocrystalline state. Release from the drug-loaded fibers indicated comparable rates of progesterone dissolution to that of Cyclogest, a commercially available progesterone pessary, allowing release over a period of hours. Overall, the study has shown that pressurized gyration may produce bioadhesive progesterone-loaded nanofibers which have satisfactory loading of a poorly water-soluble drug as well as having suitable structural and release properties. The technique is also capable of producing fibers at a yield commensurate with practical applicability, hence we believe that the approach shows considerable promise for the development of progesterone dosage forms for vaginal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Brako
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | | | | | - Duncan Q M Craig
- University College London School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Mohan Edirisinghe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
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Gizaw M, Thompson J, Faglie A, Lee SY, Neuenschwander P, Chou SF. Electrospun Fibers as a Dressing Material for Drug and Biological Agent Delivery in Wound Healing Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:E9. [PMID: 29382065 PMCID: PMC5874875 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex tissue regeneration process that promotes the growth of new tissue to provide the body with the necessary barrier from the outside environment. In the class of non-healing wounds, diabetic wounds, and ulcers, dressing materials that are available clinically (e.g., gels and creams) have demonstrated only a slow improvement with current available technologies. Among all available current technologies, electrospun fibers exhibit several characteristics that may provide novel replacement dressing materials for the above-mentioned wounds. Therefore, in this review, we focus on recent achievements in electrospun drug-eluting fibers for wound healing applications. In particular, we review drug release, including small molecule drugs, proteins and peptides, and gene vectors from electrospun fibers with respect to wound healing. Furthermore, we provide an overview on multifunctional dressing materials based on electrospun fibers, including those that are capable of achieving wound debridement and wound healing simultaneously as well as multi-drugs loading/types suitable for various stages of the healing process. Our review provides important and sufficient information to inform the field in development of fiber-based dressing materials for clinical treatment of non-healing wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulugeta Gizaw
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Thompson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA.
| | - Addison Faglie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA.
| | - Shih-Yu Lee
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA.
| | - Pierre Neuenschwander
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA.
| | - Shih-Feng Chou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA.
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Wu TJ, Chiu HY, Yu J, Cautela MP, Sarmento B, das Neves J, Catala C, Pazos-Perez N, Guerrini L, Alvarez-Puebla RA, Vranješ-Đurić S, Ignjatović NL. Nanotechnologies for early diagnosis, in situ disease monitoring, and prevention. NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN PREVENTIVE AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE 2018. [PMCID: PMC7156018 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-48063-5.00001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an enabling technology with great potential for applications in stem cell research and regenerative medicine. Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND), an inherently biocompatible and nontoxic nanoparticle, is well suited for such applications. We had developed a prospective isolation method using CD157, CD45, and CD54 to obtain lung stem cells. Labeling of CD45−CD54+CD157+ cells with FNDs did not eliminate their abilities for self-renewal and differentiation. The FND labeling in combination with cell sorting, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, and immunostaining identified transplanted stem cells allowed tracking of their engraftment and regenerative capabilities with single-cell resolution. Time-gated fluorescence (TGF) imaging in mouse tissue sections indicated that they reside preferentially at the bronchoalveolar junctions of lungs, especially in naphthalene-injured mice. Our results presented in Subchapter 1.1 demonstrate not only the remarkable homing capacity and regenerative potential of the isolated stem cells, but also the ability of finding rare lung stem cells in vivo using FNDs. The topical use of antiretroviral-based microbicides, namely of a dapivirine ring, has been recently shown to partially prevent transmission of HIV through the vaginal route. Among different formulation approaches, nanotechnology tools and principles have been used for the development of tentative vaginal and rectal microbicide products. Subchapter 1.2 provides an overview of antiretroviral drug nanocarriers as novel microbicide candidates and discusses recent and relevant research on the topic. Furthermore, advances in developing vaginal delivery platforms for the administration of promising antiretroviral drug nanocarriers are reviewed. Although mostly dedicated to the discussion of nanosystems for vaginal use, the development of rectal nanomicrobicides is also addressed. Infectious diseases are currently responsible for over 8 million deaths per year. Efficient treatments require accurate recognition of pathogens at low concentrations, which in the case of blood infection (septicemia) can go as low as 1 mL–1. Detecting and quantifying bacteria at such low concentrations is challenging and typically demands cultures of large samples of blood (∼1 mL) extending over 24–72 h. This delay seriously compromises the health of patients and is largely responsible for the death toll of bacterial infections. Recent advances in nanoscience, spectroscopy, plasmonics, and microfluidics allow for the development of optical devices capable of monitoring minute amounts of analytes in liquid samples. In Subchapter 1.3 we critically discuss these recent developments that will, in the future, enable the multiplex identification and quantification of microorganisms directly on their biological matrix with unprecedented speed, low cost, and sensitivity. Radiolabeled nanoparticles (NPs) are finding an increasing interest in a broad range of biomedical applications. They may be used to detect and characterize diseases, to deliver relevant therapeutics, and to study the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters of nanomaterials. The use of radiotracer techniques in the research of novel NPs offers many advantages, but there are still some limitations. The binding of radionuclides to NPs has to be irreversible to prevent their escape to other tissues or organs. Due to the short half-lives of radionuclides, the manufacturing process is time limited and difficult, and there is also a risk of contamination. Subchapter 1.4 presents the main selection criteria for radionuclides and applicable radiolabeling procedures used for the radiolabeling of various NPs. Also, an overview of different types of NPs that have so far been labeled with radionuclides is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Jung Wu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kuei Shang, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yu Chiu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kuei Shang, Taiwan,China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - John Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kuei Shang, Taiwan,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
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46
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Mira A, Mateo CR, Mallavia R, Falco A. Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) and ethyl monoester as building polymers for drug-loadable electrospun nanofibers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17205. [PMID: 29222482 PMCID: PMC5722912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New biomaterials are sought for the development of bioengineered nanostructures. In the present study, electrospun nanofibers have been synthesized by using poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) and poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic ethyl monoester) (PMVEMA-Ac and PMVEMA-ES, respectively) as building polymers for the first time. To further functionalize these materials, nanofibers of PMVEMA-Ac and PMVEMA-ES containing a conjugated polyelectrolyte (HTMA-PFP, blue emitter, and HTMA-PFNT, red emitter) were achieved with both forms maintaining a high solid state fluorescence yield without altered morphology. Also, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was incorporated within these nanofibers, where it remained chemically stable. In all cases, nanofiber diameters were less than 150 nm as determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and encapsulation efficiency of 5-ALA was 97 ± 1% as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Both polymeric matrices showed rapid release kinetics in vertical cells (Franz cells) and followed Higuchi kinetics. In addition, no toxicity of nanofibers, in the absence of light, was found in HaCaT and SW480 cell lines. Finally, it was shown that loaded 5-ALA was functional, as it was internalized by cells in nanofiber-treated cultures and served as a substrate for the generation of protoporphyrin IX, suggesting these pharmaceutical vehicles are suitable for photodynamic therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Mira
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
| | - Alberto Falco
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
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47
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Krogstad EA, Ramanathan R, Nhan C, Kraft JC, Blakney AK, Cao S, Ho RJY, Woodrow KA. Nanoparticle-releasing nanofiber composites for enhanced in vivo vaginal retention. Biomaterials 2017; 144:1-16. [PMID: 28802690 PMCID: PMC5599218 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Current approaches for topical vaginal administration of nanoparticles result in poor retention and extensive leakage. To overcome these challenges, we developed a nanoparticle-releasing nanofiber delivery platform and evaluated its ability to improve nanoparticle retention in a murine model. We individually tailored two components of this drug delivery system for optimal interaction with mucus, designing (1) mucoadhesive fibers for better retention in the vaginal tract, and (2) PEGylated nanoparticles that diffuse quickly through mucus. We hypothesized that this novel dual-functioning (mucoadhesive/mucus-penetrating) composite material would provide enhanced retention of nanoparticles in the vaginal mucosa. Equivalent doses of fluorescent nanoparticles were vaginally administered to mice in either water (aqueous suspension) or fiber composites, and fluorescent content was quantified in cervicovaginal mucus and vaginal tissue at time points from 24 h to 7d. We also fabricated composite fibers containing etravirine-loaded nanoparticles and evaluated the pharmacokinetics over 7d. We found that our composite materials provided approximately 30-fold greater retention of nanoparticles in the reproductive tract at 24 h compared to aqueous suspensions. Compared to nanoparticles in aqueous suspension, the nanoparticles in fiber composites exhibited sustained and higher etravirine concentrations after 24 h and up to 7d, demonstrating the capabilities of this new delivery platform to sustain nanoparticle release out to 3d and drug retention out to one week after a single administration. This is the first report of nanoparticle-releasing fibers for vaginal drug delivery, as well as the first study of a single delivery system that combines two components uniquely engineered for complementary interactions with mucus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Krogstad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Renuka Ramanathan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Christina Nhan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - John C Kraft
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Anna K Blakney
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Shijie Cao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Rodney J Y Ho
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Kim A Woodrow
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
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48
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Thermosensitive Chitosan Hydrogels Containing Polymeric Microspheres for Vaginal Drug Delivery. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3564060. [PMID: 29209627 PMCID: PMC5676485 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3564060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermosensitive hydrogels have increasingly received considerable attention for local drug delivery based on many advantages. However, burst release of drugs is becoming a critical challenge when the hydrogels are employed. Microspheres- (MS-) loaded thermosensitive hydrogels were thus fabricated to address this limitation. Employing an orthogonal design, the spray-dried operations of tenofovir (TFV)/Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP)/chitosan (CTS) MS were optimized according to the drug loading (DL). The physicochemical properties of the optimal MS (MS F) were characterized. Depending on the gelation temperature and gelating time, the optimal CTS-sodium alginate- (SA-) α,β-glycerophosphate (GP) (CTS-SA-GP) hydrogel was obtained. Observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), TFV/BSP/CTS MS were successfully encapsulated in CTS-SA-GP. In vitro releasing demonstrated that MS F-CTS-SA-GP retained desirable in vitro sustained-release characteristics as a vaginal delivery system. Bioadhesion measurement showed that MS-CTS-SA-GP exhibited the highest mucoadhesive strength. Collectively, MS-CTS-SA-GP holds great promise for topical applications as a sustained-release vaginal drug delivery system.
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49
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Tyo KM, Vuong HR, Malik DA, Sims LB, Alatassi H, Duan J, Watson WH, Steinbach-Rankins JM. Multipurpose tenofovir disoproxil fumarate electrospun fibers for the prevention of HIV-1 and HSV-2 infections in vitro. Int J Pharm 2017; 531:118-133. [PMID: 28797967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and -2) and herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) remain incurable, urging the development of new prevention strategies. While current prophylactic technologies are dependent on strict user adherence to achieve efficacy, there is a dearth of delivery vehicles that provide discreet and convenient administration, combined with prolonged-delivery of active agents. To address these needs, we created electrospun fibers (EFs) comprised of FDA-approved polymers, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(DL-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL), to provide sustained-release and in vitro protection against HIV-1 and HSV-2. PLGA and PLCL EFs, incorporating the antiretroviral, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), exhibited sustained-release for up to 4 weeks, and provided complete in vitro protection against HSV-2 and HIV-1 for 24h and 1 wk, respectively, based on the doses tested. In vitro cell culture and EpiVaginal tissue tests confirmed the safety of fibers in vaginal and cervical cells, highlighting the potential of PLGA and PLCL EFs as multipurpose next-generation drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Tyo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, United States; Center for Predictive Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Hung R Vuong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Danial A Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Lee B Sims
- Department of Bioengineering, Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Houda Alatassi
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Jinghua Duan
- Department of Bioengineering, Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States; Center for Predictive Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Walter H Watson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, United States; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Jill M Steinbach-Rankins
- Department of Bioengineering, Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, KY, United States; Center for Predictive Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.
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50
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Notario-Pérez F, Ruiz-Caro R, Veiga-Ochoa MD. Historical development of vaginal microbicides to prevent sexual transmission of HIV in women: from past failures to future hopes. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:1767-1787. [PMID: 28670111 PMCID: PMC5479294 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s133170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a global public health concern and is particularly serious in low- and middle-income countries. Widespread sexual violence and poverty, among other factors, increase the risk of infection in women, while currently available prevention methods are outside the control of most. This has driven the study of vaginal microbicides to prevent sexual transmission of HIV from men to women in recent decades. The first microbicides evaluated were formulated as gels for daily use and contained different substances such as surfactants, acidifiers and monoclonal antibodies, which failed to demonstrate efficacy in clinical trials. A gel containing the reverse transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir showed protective efficacy in women. However, the lack of adherence by patients led to the search for dosage forms capable of releasing the active principle for longer periods, and hence to the emergence of the vaginal ring loaded with dapivirine, which requires a monthly application and is able to reduce the sexual transmission of HIV. The future of vaginal microbicides will feature the use of alternative dosage forms, nanosystems for drug release and probiotics, which have emerged as potential microbicides but are still in the early stages of development. Protecting women with vaginal microbicide formulations would, therefore, be a valuable tool for avoiding sexual transmission of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Notario-Pérez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Ruiz-Caro
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Veiga-Ochoa
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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