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Feng YH, Guo WX, Li ZL, Hu LF, Liu Y, Jing LY, Wang J, Shahbazi MA, Chen BZ, Guo XD. Assessing the structural stability and drug encapsulation efficiency of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-lactic acid) nanoparticles loaded with atorvastatin calcium: Based on dissipative particle dynamics. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131436. [PMID: 38593897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Block polymer micelles have been proven highly biocompatible and effective in improving drug utilization for delivering atorvastatin calcium. Therefore, it is of great significance to measure the stability of drug-loading nano micelles from the perspective of block polymer molecular sequence design, which would provide theoretical guidance for subsequent clinical applications. This study aims to investigate the structural stability of drug-loading micelles formed by two diblock/triblock polymers with various block sequences through coarse-grained dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations. From the perspectives of the binding strength of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) in nanoparticles, hydrophilic bead surface coverage, and the morphological alteration of nanoparticles induced by shear force, the ratio of hydrophilic/hydrophobic sequence length has been observed to affect the stability of nanoparticles. We have found that for diblock polymers, PEG3kda-PLLA2kda has the best stability (corresponding hydrophilic coverage ratio is 0.832), while PEG4kda-PLLA5kda has the worst (coverage ratio 0.578). For triblock polymers, PEG4kda-PLLA2kda-PEG4kda has the best stability (0.838), while PEG4kda-PLLA5kda-PEG4kda possesses the worst performance (0.731), and the average performance on stability is better than nanoparticles composed of diblock polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhuo Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liu Fu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Yue Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China.
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran; W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Bo Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xin Dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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Zahedipour F, Hosseini SA, Reiner Ž, Tedeschi-Reiner E, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Therapeutic Effects of Statins: Promising Drug for Topical and Transdermal Administration. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3149-3166. [PMID: 37157198 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230508141434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Statins are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and decrease plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. They are well tolerated, and because of their LDL-C-lowering effect, they are utilized to decrease the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. However, statins have pleiotropic effects, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer. Currently, oral administration is the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved route of administration for statins. However, other administration routes have demonstrated promising results in different pre-clinical and clinical studies. For instance, statins also seem beneficial in dermatitis, psoriasis, vitiligo, hirsutism, uremic pruritus, and graft-versus-host disease. Topically applied statins have been studied to treat seborrhea, acne, rhinophyma, and rosacea. They also have beneficial effects in contact dermatitis and wound healing in animal studies, (HIV) infection, osseointegration, porokeratosis, and some ophthalmologic diseases. Topical and transdermal application of statins is a non-invasive drug administration method that has shown significant results in bypassing the first-pass metabolism in the liver, thereby reducing possible adverse effects. This study reviews the multifaceted molecular and cellular impacts of statins, their topical and transdermal application, novel delivery systems, such as nanosystems for topical and transdermal administration and the challenges concerning this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zahedipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyede Atefe Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Željko Reiner
- University Hospital Center Zagreb, Department of Internal Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Elshall AA, Ghoneim AM, Abd-Elmonsif NM, Osman R, Shaker DS. Boosting hair growth through follicular delivery of Melatonin through lecithin-enhanced Pickering emulsion stabilized by chitosan-dextran nanoparticles in testosterone induced androgenic alopecia rat model. Int J Pharm 2023; 639:122972. [PMID: 37084830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The strategy in this work was loading Melatonin (MEL), the powerful antioxidant photosensitive molecule, in novel Pickering emulsions (PEs) stabilized by chitosan-dextran sulphate nanoparticles (CS-DS NPs) and enhanced by lecithin, for treatment of androgenic alopecia (AGA). Biodegradable CS-DS NPs dispersion was prepared by polyelectrolyte complexation and optimized for PEs stabilization. PEs were characterized for droplet size, zeta potential, morphology, photostability and antioxidant activity. Ex-vivo permeation study through rat full thickness skin was conducted with optimized formula. Differential tape stripping trailed by cyanoacrylate skin surface biopsy was executed, for quantifying MEL in skin compartments and hair follicles. In-vivo evaluation of MEL PE hair growth activity was performed on testosterone induced AGA rat model. Visual inspection followed by anagen to telogen phase ratio (A/T) and histopathological examinations were conducted and compared with marketed 5% minoxidil spray "Rogaine ®". Data showed that PE improved MEL antioxidant activity and photostability. Ex-vivo results displayed MEL PE high follicular deposition. In-vivo study demonstrated that MEL PE treated testosterone induced AGA rat group, restored hair loss and produced maximum hair regeneration along with prolonged anagen phase amongst tested groups. The histopathological examination revealed that MEL PE prolonged anagen stage, increased follicular density and A/T ratio by 1.5-fold. The results suggested that lecithin-enhanced PE stabilized by CS-DS NPs was found to be an effective approach to enhance photostability, antioxidant activity and follicular delivery of MEL. Thus, MEL-loaded PE could be a promising competitor to commercially marketed Minoxidil for treatment of AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A Elshall
- Department of Applied Biotechnology, Biotechnology School, Nile University, Sheikh Zayed, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Amira M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmaceutics &Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nehad M Abd-Elmonsif
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of oral and dental medicine, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rihab Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia S Shaker
- Department of Pharmaceutics &Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo, Egypt
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Alvarez-Figueroa MJ, Alarcón DA, González-Aramúndiz JV. Effect of zeta potential of innovative lipid nanocapsules on triamcinolone transdermal delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:2740-2750. [PMID: 35284985 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two pegylated lipid nanocapsules for triamcinolone transdermal delivery were designed. Both present a size close to 50 nm and a single monomodal distribution in particle size (PI < 0.2), with a zeta potential of - 20 ± 2 and + 18 ± 1, respectively. The triamcinolone encapsulation efficacy varied between 68 and 80%. They proved to be stable under storage conditions (4 °C) for at least 6 months and at a physiological temperature, using different media, for 48 h. Also, they were shown not to affect cell viability at the concentrations used. For ex vivo transdermal experiments, newborn pig skin was used. With respect to the triamcinolone transdermal penetration, the nanocapsules were demonstrated to have an absorption promoting effect, both when the drug nanocapsules were in solution or loaded into the hydrogel, quantifying between 2 and 15 times more absorbed drug than the control. In addition, regarding the triamcinolone retained in the skin, it is observed that lipid nanocapsules act as triamcinolone promoters when the nanosystems were in solution and when they were included in the hydrogel. This vehicle showed a greater triamcinolone reservoir effect in comparison to the nanocapsules, proving to be a good vehicle to formulate triamcinolone transdermal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Javiera Alvarez-Figueroa
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química Y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackena 4860, 7820436, Macul, Santiago, CP, Chile.
| | - Diego A Alarcón
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química Y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackena 4860, 7820436, Macul, Santiago, CP, Chile
| | - José Vicente González-Aramúndiz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química Y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackena 4860, 7820436, Macul, Santiago, CP, Chile. .,Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnología Y Materiales Avanzados "CIEN-UC", Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Alkilani AZ, Nasereddin J, Hamed R, Nimrawi S, Hussein G, Abo-Zour H, Donnelly RF. Beneath the Skin: A Review of Current Trends and Future Prospects of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061152. [PMID: 35745725 PMCID: PMC9231212 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ideal drug delivery system has a bioavailability comparable to parenteral dosage forms but is as convenient and easy to use for the patient as oral solid dosage forms. In recent years, there has been increased interest in transdermal drug delivery (TDD) as a non-invasive delivery approach that is generally regarded as being easy to administer to more vulnerable age groups, such as paediatric and geriatric patients, while avoiding certain bioavailability concerns that arise from oral drug delivery due to poor absorbability and metabolism concerns. However, despite its many merits, TDD remains restricted to a select few drugs. The physiology of the skin poses a barrier against the feasible delivery of many drugs, limiting its applicability to only those drugs that possess physicochemical properties allowing them to be successfully delivered transdermally. Several techniques have been developed to enhance the transdermal permeability of drugs. Both chemical (e.g., thermal and mechanical) and passive (vesicle, nanoparticle, nanoemulsion, solid dispersion, and nanocrystal) techniques have been investigated to enhance the permeability of drug substances across the skin. Furthermore, hybrid approaches combining chemical penetration enhancement technologies with physical technologies are being intensively researched to improve the skin permeation of drug substances. This review aims to summarize recent trends in TDD approaches and discuss the merits and drawbacks of the various chemical, physical, and hybrid approaches currently being investigated for improving drug permeability across the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Zaid Alkilani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jehad Nasereddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Rania Hamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan;
| | - Sukaina Nimrawi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Ghaid Hussein
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Hadeel Abo-Zour
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- Medical Biology Centre, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK;
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Mishchenko EV, Timofeeva EE, Artamonov AS, Portnaya IB, Koroleva MY. Nanoemulsions and Nanocapsules with Oleic Acid. COLLOID JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x22010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Elshall AA, Ghoneim AM, Abdel-Mageed HM, Osman R, Shaker DS. Ex vivo permeation parameters and skin deposition of melatonin-loaded microemulsion for treatment of alopecia. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Melatonin (MEL) is a powerful antioxidant molecule with anti-androgenic property. A microemulsion (ME) system loaded with MEL was designed for treatment of androgenic alopecia. Pseudo-ternary phase diagram was constructed, and ME formulae were developed using coconut oil, Tween 80 and PEG 400. In the present study, MEL ME was characterized and evaluated for droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology using TEM imaging. MEL ex vivo permeation study through rat skin followed by tape stripping for stratum corneum (SC) was performed for different ME formulae, to determine skin permeation parameters and detect SC-MEL deposition.
Results
Spherical and uniform particles of MEL-loaded microemulsion were formulated with high stability. In ex vivo permeation study, MEL ME exhibited low steady-state skin flux along with pronounced SC deposition which prevailed a controlled release manner.
Conclusion
The results suggested that MEL ME could be a promising candidate for further permeation and in vivo studies for androgenic alopecia treatment.
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Roy A, Nishchaya K, Rai VK. Nanoemulsion-based dosage forms for the transdermal drug delivery applications: A review of recent advances. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:303-319. [PMID: 35196938 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2045944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nanoemulsion-based drug delivery approaches have witnessed massive acceptance over the years and acquired a significant foothold owing to their tremendous benefits over the others. It has widely been used for transdermal delivery of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs with solubility, lipophilicity, and bioavailability issues. AREAS COVERED The review highlights the recent advancements and applications of transdermal nanoemulsions. Their utilities and characteristics, clinical pertinence showcasing intellectual properties and advancements, potential in treating disorders accompanying liquid, semisolid, and solid dosage forms, the ability to modulate a drug's physicochemical properties, and regulatory status are thoroughly summarized. EXPERT OPINION Despite tremendous therapeutic utilities and extensive investigations, this field of transdermal nanoemulsion-based technologies yet tackles several challenges such as optimum use of surfactant mixtures, economic burden due to high energy consumption during production, lack of concrete regulatory requirement, etc. Provided with the concrete guidelines on the safe use of surfactants, stability, use of scalable and economical methods, and the use of NE as a transdermal system would solve the purpose best as nanoemulsion shows remarkable improvement in drug release profiles and bioavailability of many drugs. Nevertheless, a better understanding of nanoemulsion technology holds a promising outlook and would land more opportunities and better delivery outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Kumar Nishchaya
- Department of Pharmacy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Rai
- Department of Pharmacy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
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Ye L, Chen W, Chen Y, Qiu Y, Yi J, Li X, Lin Q, Guo B. Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube-ethosomes for transdermal delivery of ketoprofen: Ex vivo and in vivo evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abu-Huwaij R, Al-Assaf SF, Hamed R. Recent exploration of nanoemulsions for drugs and cosmeceuticals delivery. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:3729-3740. [PMID: 34964223 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoemulsions (NEs) have been explored as nanocarriers for the delivery of many drugs and cosmeceuticals. The extraordinary expansion of using NEs is due to their capability to conquer the main challenges of conventional delivery systems such as short residence time with low patient acceptance, poor stability, low aqueous solubility, permeability, and hence bioavailability. METHODS This review recapitulated the most recent pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical applications of NEs as effective delivery nanocarriers. The outputs of our research studies and the literature review on the latest NEs applications were assessed to highlight the NEs components, preparations, applications, and the improved quality and elegance of the used product. RESULTS NEs are stable submicronic translucent dispersions with narrow droplet size distribution. They exhibited excellent ability to efficiently encapsulate therapeutics of diverse nature of drugs and cosmeceuticals. NE formulations showed superiority over conventional delivery approaches with overabundances of advantages through different routes of administration. This novel technology exhibited better aesthetic appeal, higher bioavailability, and a longer duration compared to the conventional delivery systems. CONCLUSION This novel technology holds promise for different therapeutics fields. However, the success of NEs use advocated the development of robust formulations, proper choice of equipment, ample process characterization, and assurance of their efficacy, stability, safety and cosmetic appeal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Abu-Huwaij
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Sarah F Al-Assaf
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Rania Hamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Despotopoulou D, Lagopati N, Pispas S, Gazouli M, Demetzos C, Pippa N. The technology of transdermal delivery nanosystems: from design and development to preclinical studies. Int J Pharm 2021; 611:121290. [PMID: 34788674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal administration has gained much attention due to the remarkable advantages such as patient compliance, drug escape from first-pass elimination, favorable pharmacokinetic profile and prolonged release properties. However, the major limitation of these systems is the limited skin penetration of the stratum corneum, the skin's most important barrier, which protects the body from the insertion of substances from the environment. Transdermal drug delivery systems are aiming to the disruption of the stratum corneum in order for the active pharmaceutical ingredients to enter successfully the circulation. Therefore, nanoparticles are holding a great promise because they can act as effective penetration enhancers due to their small size and other physicochemical properties that will be analyzed thoroughly in this report. Apart from the investigation of the physicochemical parameters, a comparison between the different types of nanoparticles will be performed. The complexity of skin anatomy and the unclear mechanisms of penetration should be taken into consideration to reach some realistic conclusions regarding the way that the described parameters affect the skin permeability. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is among the few reports on the literature describing the technology of transdermal delivery systems and how this technology affects the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Despotopoulou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Panepistimioupolis Zografou 15771, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Panepistimioupolis Zografou 15771, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Panepistimioupolis Zografou 15771, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece.
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El-Say KM, Ahmed TA, Aljefri AH, El-Sawy HS, Fassihi R, Abou-Gharbia M. Oleic acid-reinforced PEGylated polymethacrylate transdermal film with enhanced antidyslipidemic activity and bioavailability of atorvastatin: A mechanistic ex-vivo/in-vivo analysis. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121057. [PMID: 34461173 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To enhance the poor bioavailability and extensive liver metabolism of atorvastatin calcium (ATC), we have developed an oleic acid-reinforced PEGylated polymethacrylate (OLA-PEG-E-RLPO) transdermal film as a convenient and alternative delivery system. The effect of varying levels of Eudragit RLPO, PEG 400, and oleic acid on the target product profile was optimized through Quality by Design (QbD) approach. The ATC-loaded OLA-PEG-E-RLPO transdermal films were evaluated in ex-vivo experiments using full thickness skin, utilizing Franz cell studies, and undergone in-vivo pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) assessment, using poloxamer-induced dyslipidemic Sprague-Dawley rats. At 2 and 12 h, the optimized ATC films with a thickness of 0.79 mm showed permeation of 37.34% and 97.23% into the receptor compartment, respectively. Steady-state flux was 0.172 mg/cm2h, with 7.01 × 10-4 cm/h permeability coefficient, and 0.713 × 10-3 cm2/h diffusion coefficient. In-vivo PK results indicated that the absorption profiles (AUC0-∞) of the optimized film in pre-treated group of animals were 8.6-fold and 2.8-fold greater than controls pre-treated with non-PEGylated non-oleic acid film and orally administered ATC, respectively. PD assessment of the lipid panel indicated that the lipid profile of the optimized film pre-treated group reached normal levels after 12 h, along with the significant enhancement over the non-PEGylated non-oleic acid film and the oral marketed tablet groups. The histopathological findings revealed near-normal hepatocyte structure for the optimized film pre-treated animal group. Our results further indicate that transdermal delivery films based on an optimized ATC-loaded OLA-PEG-E-RLPO were successfully developed and their assessment in both ex-vivo and in-vivo suggests enhanced permeability and improvement in bioavailability and antidyslipidemic activity of ATC. This approach can provide several advantages, especially during chronic administration of ATC, including improvement in patient compliance, therapeutic benefits, bioavailability, and feasibility for commercialization and as a platform for other drug classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M El-Say
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt.
| | - Tarek A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Arwa H Aljefri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam S El-Sawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Reza Fassihi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States.
| | - Magid Abou-Gharbia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
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Chen L, Alrobaian M, Afzal O, Kazmi I, Panda SK, Alfawaz Altamimi AS, Al-Abbasi FA, Almalki WH, Katouah HA, Singh T, Soni K, Hafeez A, Beg S, Kumar V, Rahman M. Crotamiton-loaded tea tree oil containing phospholipid-based microemulsion hydrogel for scabies treatment: in vitro, in vivo evaluation, and dermatokinetic studies. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:1972-1981. [PMID: 34565260 PMCID: PMC8475106 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1979131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crotamiton (CRT) is a commonly approved drug prescribed for the scabies treatment in many countries across the globe. However, poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability, and side effects restrict its use. To avoid such issues, an appropriate carrier system is necessary which can address the aforementioned challenges for attaining enhanced biopharmaceutical attributes. The current study intends to provide a detailed account on the development and evaluation of CRT-loaded microemulsion (ME) hydrogel formulation containing tea tree oil (TTO) for improved drug delivery for scabies treatment in a safe and effective manner. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed with TTO as the oily phase, and Cremophor®EL was used as the surfactant in a mass ratio 2:1 with co-surfactants (mixture of phospholipid 90G and Transcutol®P), and aqueous solution as the external phase. The optimized drug-loaded ME formulation was evaluated for skin penetration, retention, compliance, and dermatokinetics. The nonirritant behavior of the formulation was revealed by skin histopathology, which showed no changes in normal skin histology. In comparison to the conventional product, dermatokinetic experiments revealed that CRT has greater penetration and distribution in the epidermis of the mice skin. The findings imply that the proposed lipid-based ME hydrogel can aid in the resolution of CRT issues by providing a better and safer delivery option to epidermis and deeper epidermis in substantial quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Majed Alrobaian
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sunil K Panda
- Menovo Pharmaceuticals Research Lab, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed H Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanadi A Katouah
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanuja Singh
- Department of Botany, Patliputra University, Patna, India
| | - Kriti Soni
- Formulation Development, Dabur Research Foundation, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health & Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, India
| | - Mahfoozur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health & Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, India
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