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Zhang S, Staples AE. Microfluidic-based systems for the management of diabetes. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01569-y. [PMID: 38509342 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes currently affects approximately 500 million people worldwide and is one of the most common causes of mortality in the United States. To diagnose and monitor diabetes, finger-prick blood glucose testing has long been used as the clinical gold standard. For diabetes treatment, insulin is typically delivered subcutaneously through cannula-based syringes, pens, or pumps in almost all type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients and some type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. These painful, invasive approaches can cause non-adherence to glucose testing and insulin therapy. To address these problems, researchers have developed miniaturized blood glucose testing devices as well as microfluidic platforms for non-invasive glucose testing through other body fluids. In addition, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin levels, and cellular biomechanics-related metrics have also been considered for microfluidic-based diabetes diagnosis. For the treatment of diabetes, insulin has been delivered transdermally through microdevices, mostly through microneedle array-based, minimally invasive injections. Researchers have also developed microfluidic platforms for oral, intraperitoneal, and inhalation-based delivery of insulin. For T2D patients, metformin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and GLP-1 receptor agonists have also been delivered using microfluidic technologies. Thus far, clinical studies have been widely performed on microfluidic-based diabetes monitoring, especially glucose sensing, yet technologies for the delivery of insulin and other drugs to diabetic patients with microfluidics are still mostly in the preclinical stage. This article provides a concise review of the role of microfluidic devices in the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes, as well as the delivery of pharmaceuticals to treat diabetes using microfluidic technologies in the recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Zhang
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Anne E Staples
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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Liu G, Yang J, Zhang K, Wu H, Yan H, Yan Y, Zheng Y, Zhang Q, Chen D, Zhang L, Zhao Z, Zhang P, Yang G, Chen H. Recent progress on the development of bioinspired surfaces with high aspect ratio microarray structures: From fabrication to applications. J Control Release 2024; 367:441-469. [PMID: 38295991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Surfaces with high aspect ratio microarray structures can implement sophisticated assignment in typical fields including microfluidics, sensor, biomedicine, et al. via regulating their deformation or the material properties. Inspired by natural materials and systems, for example sea cockroaches, water spiders, cacti, lotus leaves, rice leaves, and cedar leaves, many researchers have focused on microneedle functional surface studies. When the surface with high aspect ratio microarray structures is stimulated by the external fields, such as optical, electric, thermal, magnetic, the high aspect ratio microarray structures can undergo hydrophilic and hydrophobic switching or shape change, which may be gifted the surfaces with the ability to perform complex task, including directional liquid/air transport, targeted drug delivery, microfluidic chip sensing. In this review, the fabrication principles of various surfaces with high aspect ratio microarray structures are classified and summarized. Mechanisms of liquid manipulation on hydrophilic/hydrophobic surfaces with high aspect ratio microarray structures are clarified based on Wenzel model, Cassie model, Laplace pressure theories and so on. Then the intelligent control strategies have been demonstrated. The applications in microfluidic, drug delivery, patch sensors have been discussed. Finally, current challenges and new insights of future prospects for dynamic manipulation of liquid/air based on biomimetic surface with high aspect ratio microarray structures are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiajun Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Kaiteng Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongting Wu
- Zhongtong Bus Holding Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Haipeng Yan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Yan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yingdong Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qingxu Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Dengke Chen
- College of Transportation, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Huawei Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
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Viswan A, Yoshikawa C, Yamagishi A, Furuhata Y, Kato Y, Yamazaki T, Nakamura C. Efficient genome editing by controlled release of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein in plant cytosol using polymer-modified microneedle array. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 686:149179. [PMID: 37922572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Direct delivery of genome-editing proteins into plant tissues could be useful in obtaining DNA-free genome-edited crops obviating the need for backcrossing to remove vector-derived DNA from the host genome as in the case of genetically modified organisms generated using DNA vector. Previously, we successfully delivered Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) into plant tissue by inserting microneedle array (MNA) physisorbed with Cas9 RNPs. Here, to enhance protein delivery and improve genome-editing efficiency, we introduced a bioactive polymer DMA/HPA/NHS modification to the MNA, which allowed strong bonding between the proteins and MNA. Compared with other modifying agents, this MNA modification resulted in better release of immobilized protein in a plant cytosol-mimicking environment. The delivery of Cas9 RNPs in Arabidopsis thaliana reporter plants was improved from 4 out of 17 leaf tissues when using unmodified MNAs to 9 out of 17 when using the polymer-modified MNAs. Further improvements in delivery efficiency can be envisaged by optimizing the polymer modification conditions, which could have significant implications for the development of more effective plant genome editing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchu Viswan
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiaki Yoshikawa
- Research Center of Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ayana Yamagishi
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Furuhata
- Research Center for Macromolecules & Biomaterials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kato
- Research Center for Macromolecules & Biomaterials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamazaki
- Research Center of Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Chikashi Nakamura
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan.
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Ellison TJ, Talbott GC, Henderson DR. Intradermal delivery of a quadrivalent cell-based seasonal influenza vaccine using an adjuvanted skin patch vaccination platform. Vaccine 2023; 41:304-314. [PMID: 36587961 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
All seasonal influenza vaccines for 2021-2022 in the US were quadrivalent and the market continues to be dominated by intramuscular delivery of non-adjuvanted, virion-derived antigens grown in chicken eggs. Up to four new egg-adapted production influenza vaccine strains must be generated each year. The introduction in 2012 of Flucelvax®, which is grown in mammalian suspension cell culture and uses vaccine production strains without adaptive mutations for efficient growth in eggs, represented a major advance in vaccine production technology. Here we demonstrate that Flucelvax can be reformulated and combined with a liposomal adjuvant containing QS-21 (Verndari Adjuvant System 1.1, VAS1.1) or QS-21 and 3D-PHAD (VAS1.2) for intradermal administration using a painless skin patch, VaxiPatch™. VAS1.2 is similar to AS01B, the adjuvant system used in Shingrix® and Mosquirix™. We show that Flucelvax, when reformulated and concentrated using tangential flow filtration (TFF), maintains hemagglutination and single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) potency. Loading the reformulated Flucelvax material onto VaxiPatch arrays conferred high levels of resistance to heat stress and room temperature stability. TFF enriched vaccine antigens were combined with VAS1.1 or VAS1.2 and dispensed in 10nL drops into the pockets of 36 (total 360 nL) stainless steel microneedles arranged in a microarray 1.2 cm in diameter. Using VaxiPatch delivery of 2 µg of antigen, we demonstrated intramusuclar-comparable IgG and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) immune responses in Sprague Dawley® rats. With addition of VAS1.2, antigen-specific IgG titers were increased as much as 68-fold (47-fold for VAS1.1) with improvements in seroconversion for three of four strains (all four were improved by VAS1.1). TFF-reformulated antigens combined with VAS1.1 or VAS1.2 and delivered by VaxiPatch showed only minor skin reactogenicity after 1 h and no skin reactogenicity after 24 h. These data indicate that VaxiPatch and the VAS system have the potential to be transformative for vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Ellison
- Verndari Inc., 2700 Stockton Blvd., Suite 1104, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States.
| | - George C Talbott
- Verndari Inc., 2700 Stockton Blvd., Suite 1104, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States.
| | - Daniel R Henderson
- Verndari Inc., 2700 Stockton Blvd., Suite 1104, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States.
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Wang R, Bai J, Zhu X, Li Z, Cheng L, Zhang G, Zhang W. A PDMS-based microneedle array electrode for long-term ECG recording. Biomed Microdevices 2022; 24:27. [PMID: 35953589 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-022-00626-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To acquire high-quality electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, traditional Ag/AgCl wet electrodes used together with conductive gel can effectively reduce electrode-skin interface impedance (EII) in a short term. However, their weaknesses of poor flexibility and instability can no longer meet the long-term monitoring requirements of intelligent wearable devices. Owing to the flexible dry electrode without conductive gel, it is a good choice to solve the critical problem on drying-out of conductive gel. Therefore, we develop a flexible microneedle array electrode (FMAE) based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate, which obtains reliable bioelectrical signals by way of penetrating into the stratum corneum (SC) of the skin. The fabrication process, including silicon mold, twice PDMS shape-transferring and encapsulation, has advantages of low cost, repeatable production and good biocompatibility. Afterwards, by comparing the performance with different electrodes, impedance test results indicate that the impedance of FMAE are smaller and more stable, and ECG tests in long term and at resting/jogging states also verify that FMAE can obtain durable, stable and reliable signals. In conclusion, FMAE is promising in long-term ECG monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Testing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
- Science and Technology On Sonar Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jianxin Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Testing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Xiaohang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Testing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Zhaodong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Testing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Lixia Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Testing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Testing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Wendong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Testing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nanoemulsion-based drug delivery approaches have witnessed massive acceptance over the years and acquired a significant foothold owing to their tremendous benefits over the others. It has widely been used for transdermal delivery of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs with solubility, lipophilicity, and bioavailability issues. AREAS COVERED The review highlights the recent advancements and applications of transdermal nanoemulsions. Their utilities and characteristics, clinical pertinence showcasing intellectual properties and advancements, potential in treating disorders accompanying liquid, semisolid, and solid dosage forms, the ability to modulate a drug's physicochemical properties, and regulatory status are thoroughly summarized. EXPERT OPINION Despite tremendous therapeutic utilities and extensive investigations, this field of transdermal nanoemulsion-based technologies yet tackles several challenges such as optimum use of surfactant mixtures, economic burden due to high energy consumption during production, lack of concrete regulatory requirement, etc. Provided with the concrete guidelines on the safe use of surfactants, stability, use of scalable and economical methods, and the use of NE as a transdermal system would solve the purpose best as nanoemulsion shows remarkable improvement in drug release profiles and bioavailability of many drugs. Nevertheless, a better understanding of nanoemulsion technology holds a promising outlook and would land more opportunities and better delivery outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Kumar Nishchaya
- Department of Pharmacy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Rai
- Department of Pharmacy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
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Cheng Y, Gong X, Yang J, Zheng G, Zheng Y, Li Y, Xu Y, Nie G, Xie X, Chen M, Yi C, Jiang L. A touch-actuated glucose sensor fully integrated with microneedle array and reverse iontophoresis for diabetes monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 203:114026. [PMID: 35114468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of non-invasive biosensor for monitoring glucose in interstitial fluid (ISF) is still challenging, because ISF extraction through classical reverse iontophoresis (RI) is limited by low extraction flux and consistency. Here, we developed a touch-actuated biosensor for monitoring glucose in ISF. The biosensor is composed of three main components: 1) the solid microneedle array (MA) for painless skin penetration; 2) the RI unit for ISF extraction through the MA-created microchannels; and 3) the sensing unit for glucose monitoring. The sensing strategy of this biosensor is "skin penetration-RI extraction-electrochemical detection". Compared with RI extraction only, the reported skin penetration-RI extraction sampling strategy obviously increased the glucose extraction flux by ∼1.6 times not only in vitro but also in vivo. Moreover, we developed a wearable glucose monitoring system by incorporating this touch-actuated biosensor, a wireless electrochemical detector, and a smartphone application. In vivo experiments using healthy and diabetic rats revealed a high correlation between the results measured by the reported wearable system and commercially blood glucometer. This sampling strategy which combined skin penetration and RI extraction paves the way to develop wearable platforms for not only glucose monitoring but also various ISF biomarkers without the need of painful finger-stick blood sampling.
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Gadag S, Narayan R, Nayak AS, Catalina Ardila D, Sant S, Nayak Y, Garg S, Nayak UY. Development and preclinical evaluation of microneedle-assisted resveratrol loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for localized delivery to breast cancer therapy. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120877. [PMID: 34252522 PMCID: PMC8429179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RVT) is one of the potent anticancer phytochemicals which has shown promising potential for breast cancer therapy. However, its short half-life and low bioavailability is a major hurdle in its effective use. In this study, we have developed nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) of RVT to enable localized delivery of the drug to the breast tissues using microneedle arrays to improve effectiveness. The NLCs were optimized using the Design of Experiments approach and characterized for their particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency. The RVT-NLCs delivered using microneedle array 1200 showed a higher permeation of RVT across the skin with lower skin retention compared to pure RVT. Further, RVT-NLCs showed higher anticancer activity on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and enhanced internalization compared to pure RVT. Moreover, the RVT-NLCs were found to inhibit the migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Preclinical studies in rats showed that RVT-NLCs delivered via microneedles demonstrated a remarkable increase in the Cmax, Tmax and AUC0-inf, and a higher localization in breast tissue compared to pure RVT administered orally. These results suggests that the RVT-NLCs administered by microneedle array system is an effective strategy for the local delivery of RVT for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaprasad Gadag
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Reema Narayan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Archana S Nayak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575025, India
| | - Diana Catalina Ardila
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Shilpa Sant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sanjay Garg
- UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Usha Y Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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Dervisevic M, Alba M, Adams TE, Prieto-Simon B, Voelcker NH. Electrochemical immunosensor for breast cancer biomarker detection using high-density silicon microneedle array. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 192:113496. [PMID: 34274623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical devices for transdermal monitoring of key biomarkers are the potential next frontier of wearable technologies for point-of-care disease diagnosis, including Cancer in which Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide with estimated 10 million deaths in 2018 according to the World Health Organization and breast cancer is one of the five most common causes of cancer death with over two million cases recorded in 2018. Early diagnosis and prognosis based on monitoring of breast cancer biomarkers is of high importance. In this work, high-density gold coated silicon microneedle arrays (Au-Si-MNA) were simultaneously used as biomarker extraction platform and electrochemical transducer, enabling the selective immunocapture of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2), a key breast cancer biomarker, and its subsequent quantification. The analytical performance of the device was tested in artificial interstitial fluid exhibiting a linear response over a wide concentration range from 10 to 250 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 4.8 ng/mL below the biomarker levels expected in breast cancer patients. As a proof of concept, the immunosensor demonstrated its ability to successfully extract ErbB2 from a phantom gel mimicking the epidermis and dermis layers, and subsequently quantify it showing a linear range from 50 to 250 ng/mL and a detection limit of 25 ng/mL. The uniqueness of this sensing platform combining direct transdermal biomarker extraction and quantification opens up new avenues towards the development of high performing wearable point-of-care devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muamer Dervisevic
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Maria Alba
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Timothy E Adams
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Beatriz Prieto-Simon
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
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Khosraviboroujeni A, Mirdamadian SZ, Minaiyan M, Taheri A. Preparation and characterization of 3D printed PLA microneedle arrays for prolonged transdermal drug delivery of estradiol valerate. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021. [PMID: 34024015 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymeric microneedle arrays (BPMNAs) could be explored as potential devices for transdermal drug delivery, which can provide a painless and safe drug delivery method. BPMNAs could also provide high drug-loading capacity and prolonged drug delivery once integrated with a drug reservoir. However, the fabrication of MNAs with a drug reservoir is expensive and requires complicated procedures. The present study was conducted to describe the preparation of a reservoir-based BPMNA containing estradiol valerate using polylactic acid (PLA) with the combination of FDM 3D printing and injection volume filling techniques. The tip size of the 3D printed needles decreased to 173 μm utilizing a chemical etching process. The content of estradiol valerate loaded in the 3D printed PLA MNAs was 29.79 ± 0.03 mg, and the release was in a prolonged manner for up to 7 days. The results of mechanical tests revealed that the force needed for the 3D printed PLA MNAs fracture (900 N) was significantly higher than that needed for their skin penetration (4 N). The successful penetration of 3D printed PLA MNAs through the stratum corneum was confirmed via penetration test, methylene blue staining, and histological examination. The results showed that 3D printed PLA MNAs can penetrate into the skin without reaching to the dermal nerves and puncture of blood vessels. In conclusion, in the current study, we explored the practicability of the preparation of drug loaded reservoir-based BPMNAs using the combination of FDM 3D printing and injection volume filling techniques for painless and prolonged transdermal drug delivery.
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Meng F, Hasan A, Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei M, Hashemi Kani P, Jouya Talaei A, Sharifi M, Cai T, Falahati M, Cai Y. Polymeric-based microneedle arrays as potential platforms in the development of drugs delivery systems. J Adv Res 2020; 26:137-147. [PMID: 33133689 PMCID: PMC7584683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microscopic patches as quite promising platforms in transdermal drug delivery suffer from conventional injections. In other hand, a wide range of pharmacokinetics, ranging from fast oral administration to sustained drug delivery, can be implemented with the help of microneedle arrays (MNAs). AIM OF REVIEW Hence, in this paper, we overviewed different kinds of MNAs such as solid/coated, hollow, porous, hydrogel/swellable, and merged-tip geometry followed by introducing different types of material (silicon, glass, ceramics, dissolving and biodegradable polymers, and hydrogel) used for fabrication of MNAs. Afterwards, some conventional and brand-new simple and customizable MN mold fabrication techniques were surveyed. Polymeric MNAs have received a great deal of attention due to their potential biocompatibility and biodegradability in comparison to other materials. Therefore, we also covered different kinds of polymers such as hydrogel/swellable, dissolving and biodegradable analogues used for the development of MNAs as potential candidates in drug delivery systems (DDSs). Finally, we discussed different challenges and future perspectives in the aspect of MNAs-based drug delivery platforms. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review may provide guidelines for the rational design of polymeric MNAs-based DDSs for promising programmable drug release and enhanced therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fansu Meng
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of TCM, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, China
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Hashemi Kani
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Science, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Jouya Talaei
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Science, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tiange Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036, China
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Cancer Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
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Ellison TJ, Talbott GC, Henderson DR. VaxiPatch™, a novel vaccination system comprised of subunit antigens, adjuvants and microneedle skin delivery: An application to influenza B/Colorado/06/2017. Vaccine 2020; 38:6839-48. [PMID: 32741668 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This work introduces VaxiPatch, a novel vaccination system comprised of subunit glycoprotein vaccine antigens, adjuvants and dermal delivery. For this study, rHA of influenza virus B/Colorado/06/2017 was incorporated into synthetic virosomes, and adjuvant liposomes were formed with QS-21 from Saponaria quillaja, with or without the synthetic TLR4 agonist 3D - (6-acyl) PHAD. These components were concentrated and co-formulated into trehalose with dye. Dermal delivery was achieved using an economical 37-point stainless steel microneedle array, designed for automated fill/finish by microfluidic dispensers used for mass production of immunodiagnostics. Vaccine and adjuvant are deposited to form a sugar glass in a pocket on the side of each of the tips, allowing skin penetration to be performed directly by the rigid steel structure. In this study, Sprague Dawley rats (n = 6 per group) were vaccinated by VaxiPatches containing 0.3 µg of rHA, 0.5 µg QS-21 and 0.2 µg 3D - (6-acyl) PHAD and dye, resulting in antigen-specific IgG titers 100-fold higher than 4.5 µg of FluBlok (p = 0.001) delivered intramuscularly. Similarly, hemagglutination inhibition titers in these animals were 14-fold higher than FluBlok controls (p = 0.01). Non-adjuvanted VaxiPatches were also compared with rHA virosomes injected intramuscularly. Accelerated shelf life studies further suggest that formulated virosomal antigens retain activity for at least two months at 60° C. Further, co-formulation of a dye could provide a visible verification of delivery based on the temporary pattern on the skin. A room-temperature-stable vaccination kit such as VaxiPatch has the potential to increase vaccine use and compliance globally.
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13
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Courtenay AJ, McAlister E, McCrudden MTC, Vora L, Steiner L, Levin G, Levy-Nissenbaum E, Shterman N, Kearney MC, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays as a therapeutic option for transdermal esketamine delivery. J Control Release 2020; 322:177-186. [PMID: 32200001 PMCID: PMC7262583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Treatment resistant depression is, by definition, difficult to treat using standard therapeutic interventions. Recently, esketamine has been shown as a viable rescue treatment option in patients in depressive crisis states. However, IV administration is associated with a number of drawbacks and advanced delivery platforms could provide an alternative parenteral route of esketamine dosing in patients. Hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays facilitate transdermal delivery of drugs by penetrating the outer layer of the skins surface, absorbing interstitial skin fluid and swelling. This subsequently facilitates permeation of medicines into the dermal microcirculation. This paper outlines the in vitro formulation development for hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays containing esketamine. Analytical methods for the detection and quantitation of esketamine were developed and validated according to International Conference on Harmonisation standards. Hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays were fully characterised for their mechanical strength and skin insertion properties. Furthermore, a series of esketamine containing polymeric films and lyophilised reservoirs were assessed as drug reservoir candidates. Dissolution testing and content drug recovery was carried out, followed by permeation studies using 350 μm thick neonatal porcine skin in modified Franz cell apparatus. Lead reservoir candidates were selected based on measured physicochemical properties and brought forward for testing in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Plasma samples were analysed using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography for esketamine. Both polymeric film and lyophilised reservoirs candidate patches achieved esketamine plasma concentrations higher than the target concentration of 0.15-0.3 μg/ml over 24 h. Mean plasma concentrations in rats, 24 h post-application of microneedle patches with drug reservoir F3 and LW3, were 0.260 μg/ml and 0.498 μg/ml, respectively. This developmental study highlights the potential success of hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays as a transdermal drug delivery platform for ESK and supports moving to in vivo tests in a larger animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Courtenay
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Emma McAlister
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Maelíosa T C McCrudden
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Lalit Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Lilach Steiner
- TEVA Pharmaceuticals, Basel Street 5, Petah Tikvah, Netanya Area, Israel
| | - Galit Levin
- TEVA Pharmaceuticals, Basel Street 5, Petah Tikvah, Netanya Area, Israel
| | | | - Nava Shterman
- TEVA Pharmaceuticals, Basel Street 5, Petah Tikvah, Netanya Area, Israel
| | - Mary-Carmel Kearney
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom.
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Kim E, Erdos G, Huang S, Kenniston TW, Balmert SC, Carey CD, Raj VS, Epperly MW, Klimstra WB, Haagmans BL, Korkmaz E, Falo LD, Gambotto A. Microneedle array delivered recombinant coronavirus vaccines: Immunogenicity and rapid translational development. EBioMedicine 2020; 55:102743. [PMID: 32249203 PMCID: PMC7128973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronaviruses pose a serious threat to global health as evidenced by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19. SARS Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), MERS Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and the novel coronavirus, previously dubbed 2019-nCoV, and now officially named SARS-CoV-2, are the causative agents of the SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 disease outbreaks, respectively. Safe vaccines that rapidly induce potent and long-lasting virus-specific immune responses against these infectious agents are urgently needed. The coronavirus spike (S) protein, a characteristic structural component of the viral envelope, is considered a key target for vaccines for the prevention of coronavirus infection. METHODS We first generated codon optimized MERS-S1 subunit vaccines fused with a foldon trimerization domain to mimic the native viral structure. In variant constructs, we engineered immune stimulants (RS09 or flagellin, as TLR4 or TLR5 agonists, respectively) into this trimeric design. We comprehensively tested the pre-clinical immunogenicity of MERS-CoV vaccines in mice when delivered subcutaneously by traditional needle injection, or intracutaneously by dissolving microneedle arrays (MNAs) by evaluating virus specific IgG antibodies in the serum of vaccinated mice by ELISA and using virus neutralization assays. Driven by the urgent need for COVID-19 vaccines, we utilized this strategy to rapidly develop MNA SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines and tested their pre-clinical immunogenicity in vivo by exploiting our substantial experience with MNA MERS-CoV vaccines. FINDINGS Here we describe the development of MNA delivered MERS-CoV vaccines and their pre-clinical immunogenicity. Specifically, MNA delivered MERS-S1 subunit vaccines elicited strong and long-lasting antigen-specific antibody responses. Building on our ongoing efforts to develop MERS-CoV vaccines, promising immunogenicity of MNA-delivered MERS-CoV vaccines, and our experience with MNA fabrication and delivery, including clinical trials, we rapidly designed and produced clinically-translatable MNA SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines within 4 weeks of the identification of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 sequence. Most importantly, these MNA delivered SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit vaccines elicited potent antigen-specific antibody responses that were evident beginning 2 weeks after immunization. INTERPRETATION MNA delivery of coronaviruses-S1 subunit vaccines is a promising immunization strategy against coronavirus infection. Progressive scientific and technological efforts enable quicker responses to emerging pandemics. Our ongoing efforts to develop MNA-MERS-S1 subunit vaccines enabled us to rapidly design and produce MNA SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines capable of inducing potent virus-specific antibody responses. Collectively, our results support the clinical development of MNA delivered recombinant protein subunit vaccines against SARS, MERS, COVID-19, and other emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, W1148 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pennsylvania, PA 15213, USA
| | - Geza Erdos
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, W1150 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shaohua Huang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, W1148 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pennsylvania, PA 15213, USA
| | - Thomas W Kenniston
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, W1148 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pennsylvania, PA 15213, USA
| | - Stephen C Balmert
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, W1150 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Cara Donahue Carey
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, W1150 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - V Stalin Raj
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael W Epperly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - William B Klimstra
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bart L Haagmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Emrullah Korkmaz
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, W1150 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15231, USA
| | - Louis D Falo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, W1150 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15231, USA; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; The McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Andrea Gambotto
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, W1148 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pennsylvania, PA 15213, USA.
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Chen Z, Ye R, Yang J, Lin Y, Lee W, Li J, Ren L, Liu B, Jiang L. Rapidly Fabricated Microneedle Arrays Using Magnetorheological Drawing Lithography for Transdermal Drug Delivery. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5506-5513. [PMID: 33464070 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle arrays (MAs) are among the most promising transdermal drug delivery systems in the last decades due to its minimally invasive nature, convenient operation, and first-pass-metabolism avoidance. However, most MA fabrication methods are difficult to operate, need multiple steps, or require expensive equipment. A novel magnetorheological drawing lithography approach was proposed to rapidly fabricate a flexible microneedle array (FMA) for transdermal drug delivery. A 3D structural liquid MA was drawn in one step from the droplets of curable magnetorheological fluid and maintained its shape under an external magnetic field. The liquid MA was subsequently solidified and sputter-coated with the Ti/Au film to fabricate FMA. FMA morphology, mechanical properties, and transdermal drug delivery performance in vitro were experimentally investigated. FMA consisted of a 5 × 5 cone-shaped microneedle array on a PET flexible substrate. FMA exhibited good strength and excellent penetration performance. It could easily penetrate into skin without breakage, creating microchannels for the promotion of skin permeability. Drugs could be well permeated and diffused in the skin along the microchannels created by FMA. Finally, a dissolvable microneedle array (DMA) was also fabricated by a micromolding technique using FMA as a master template. The DMA exhibited good dissolvable and permeable performance in the agarose block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Rui Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yinyan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Weihsian Lee
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Lelun Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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16
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Li J, Zhou Y, Yang J, Ye R, Gao J, Ren L, Liu B, Liang L, Jiang L. Fabrication of gradient porous microneedle array by modified hot embossing for transdermal drug delivery. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2018; 96:576-582. [PMID: 30606567 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A gradient porous microneedle array (GPMA) is developed for transdermal drug delivery. A modified hot embossing approach is proposed to fabricate the GPMA from poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) powders within a cavity array mold under the coupling combination of gradient thermal and pressure multi-fields. The porosity of the microneedles is a gradient, and the pores are mainly distributed in the tip region. The liquid drug formulation can directly be loaded in the pores of the microneedle tips by dipping. GPMA could penetrate into the rabbit skin without breakage and the penetration force per microneedle is approximately 22 mN. The GPMA can diffuse a dry model drug, namely Rhodamine B, in vitro in the rabbit skin dermis. The GPMA can also effectively deliver an insulin solution in vivo in diabetes rats, lowering the blood glucose levels. Above all, as a dry or liquid drug carrier and a minimally invasive injector, the GPMA offers an effective alternative for transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingbo Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Rui Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jie Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lei Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liang Liang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lelun Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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17
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Chen Z, Ren L, Li J, Yao L, Chen Y, Liu B, Jiang L. Rapid fabrication of microneedles using magnetorheological drawing lithography. Acta Biomater 2018; 65:283-91. [PMID: 29107057 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microneedles are micron-sized needles that are widely applied in biomedical fields owing to their painless, minimally invasive, and convenient operation. However, most microneedle fabrication approaches are costly, time consuming, involve multiple steps, and require expensive equipment. In this study, we present a novel magnetorheological drawing lithography (MRDL) method to efficiently fabricate microneedle, bio-inspired microneedle, and molding-free microneedle array. With the assistance of an external magnetic field, the 3D structure of a microneedle can be directly drawn from a droplet of curable magnetorheological fluid. The formation process of a microneedle consists of two key stages, elasto-capillary self-thinning and magneto-capillary self-shrinking, which greatly affect the microneedle height and tip radius. Penetration and fracture tests demonstrated that the microneedle had sufficient strength and toughness for skin penetration. Microneedle arrays and a bio-inspired microneedle were also fabricated, which further demonstrated the versatility and flexibility of the MRDL method. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Microneedles have been widely applied in biomedical fields owing to their painless, minimally invasive, and convenient operation. However, most microneedle fabrication approaches are costly, time consuming, involve multiple steps, and require expensive equipment. Furthermore, most researchers have focused on the biomedical applications of microneedles but have given little attention to the optimization of the fabrication process. This research presents a novel magnetorheological drawing lithography (MRDL) method to fabricate microneedle, bio-inspired microneedle, and molding-free microneedle array. In this proposed technique, a droplet of curable magnetorheological fluid (CMRF) is drawn directly from almost any substrate to produce a 3D microneedle under an external magnetic field. This method not only inherits the advantages of thermal drawing approach without the need for a mask and light irradiation but also eliminates the requirement for drawing temperature adjustment. The MRDL method is extremely simple and can even produce the complex and multiscale structure of bio-inspired microneedle.
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18
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Wang T, Wang N. Preparation of the Multifunctional Liposome-Containing Microneedle Arrays as an Oral Cavity Mucosal Vaccine Adjuvant-Delivery System. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1404:651-67. [PMID: 27076328 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3389-1_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the multifunctional liposome-constituted microneedle arrays (LiposoMAs) have been proven to be an interesting vaccine adjuvant-delivery system (VADS) that are stable and can be vaccinated via oral cavity mucosal route. When given to mice at oral mucosa, the LiposoMAs can effectively eliminate the ingredient loss caused by chewing, swallowing, and saliva flowing and can, thus, elicit robust systemic as well as mucosal immunoresponses against the loaded antigens. In addition, the LiposoMAs can induce a mixed Th1/Th2 immunoresponse and strong cellular/humoral immunity due to special adjuvanticity and targeting delivery functions of the nanoparticulate VADS. In this chapter, the preparation, characterization as well as mucosal vaccination of the LiposoMAs are introduced. In addition, the methods for sampling mouse organs, tissues, and cells and for evaluation of the immunization efficacy are mainly included.
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19
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Becker PD, Hervouet C, Mason GM, Kwon SY, Klavinskis LS. Skin vaccination with live virus vectored microneedle arrays induce long lived CD8(+) T cell memory. Vaccine 2015; 33:4691-8. [PMID: 25917679 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A simple dissolvable microneedle array (MA) platform has emerged as a promising technology for vaccine delivery, due to needle-free injection with a formulation that preserves the immunogenicity of live viral vectored vaccines dried in the MA matrix. While recent studies have focused largely on design parameters optimized to induce primary CD8(+) T cell responses, the hallmark of a vaccine is synonymous with engendering long-lasting memory. Here, we address the capacity of dried MA vaccination to programme phenotypic markers indicative of effector/memory CD8(+) T cell subsets and also responsiveness to recall antigen benchmarked against conventional intradermal (ID) injection. We show that despite a slightly lower frequency of dividing T cell receptor transgenic CD8(+) T cells in secondary lymphoid tissue at an early time point, the absolute number of CD8(+) T cells expressing an effector memory (CD62L(-)CD127(+)) and central memory (CD62L(+)CD127(+)) phenotype during peak expansion were comparable after MA and ID vaccination with a recombinant human adenovirus type 5 vector (AdHu5) encoding HIV-1 gag. Similarly, both vaccination routes generated CD8(+) memory T cell subsets detected in draining LNs for at least two years post-vaccination capable of responding to secondary antigen. These data suggest that CD8(+) T cell effector/memory generation and long-term memory is largely unaffected by physical differences in vaccine delivery to the skin via dried MA or ID suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo D Becker
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
| | - Catherine Hervouet
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
| | - Gavin M Mason
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Linda S Klavinskis
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
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20
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Kim NW, Lee MS, Kim KR, Lee JE, Lee K, Park JS, Matsumoto Y, Jo DG, Lee H, Lee DS, Jeong JH. Polyplex-releasing microneedles for enhanced cutaneous delivery of DNA vaccine. J Control Release 2014; 179:11-7. [PMID: 24462900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Microneedle (MN)-based DNA vaccines have many advantages over conventional vaccines administered by hypodermic needles. However, an efficient strategy for delivering DNA vaccines to intradermal cells has not yet been established. Here, we report a new approach for delivering polyplex-based DNA vaccines using MN arrays coated with a pH-responsive polyelectrolyte multilayer assembly (PMA). This approach enabled rapid release of polyplex upon application to the skin. In addition to the polyplex-releasing MNs, we attempted to further maximize the vaccination by developing a polymeric carrier that targeted resident antigen presenting cells (APCs) rich in the intradermal area, as well as a DNA vaccine encoding a secretable fusion protein containing amyloid beta monomer (Aβ1-42), an antigenic determinant. The resulting vaccination system was able to successfully induce a robust humoral immune response compared to conventional subcutaneous injection with hypodermal needles. In addition, antigen challenge after immunization elicited an immediate and strong recall immune response due to immunogenic memory. These results suggest the potential utility of MN-based polyplex delivery systems for enhanced DNA vaccination.
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21
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Wang BZ, Gill HS, He C, Ou C, Wang L, Wang YC, Feng H, Zhang H, Prausnitz MR, Compans RW. Microneedle delivery of an M2e-TLR5 ligand fusion protein to skin confers broadly cross-protective influenza immunity. J Control Release 2014; 178:1-7. [PMID: 24417966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Influenza vaccines with broad cross-protection are urgently needed to prevent an emerging influenza pandemic. A fusion protein of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 5-agonist domains from flagellin and multiple repeats of the conserved extracellular domain of the influenza matrix protein 2 (M2e) was constructed, purified and evaluated as such a vaccine. A painless vaccination method suitable for possible self-administration using coated microneedle arrays was investigated for skin-targeted delivery of the fusion protein in a mouse model. The results demonstrate that microneedle immunization induced strong humoral as well as mucosal antibody responses and conferred complete protection against homo- and heterosubtypic lethal virus challenges. Protective efficacy with microneedles was found to be significantly better than that seen with conventional intramuscular injection, and comparable to that observed with intranasal immunization. Because of its advantages for administration, safety and storage, microneedle delivery of M2e-flagellin fusion protein is a promising approach for an easy-to-administer universal influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhong Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Harvinder S Gill
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Cheng He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Changbo Ou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ying-Chun Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Richard W Compans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Valdés-Ramírez G, Windmiller JR, Claussen JC, Martinez AG, Kuralay F, Zhou M, Zhou N, Polsky R, Miller PR, Narayan R, Wang J. Multiplexed and Switchable Release of Distinct Fluids from Microneedle Platforms via Conducting Polymer Nanoactuators for Potential Drug Delivery. Sens Actuators B Chem 2012; 161:10.1016/j.snb.2011.11.085. [PMID: 24174709 PMCID: PMC3809036 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2011.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development of a microneedle-based multiplexed drug delivery actuator that enables the controlled delivery of multiple therapeutic agents. Two individually-addressable channels on a single microneedle array, each paired with its own reservoir and conducting polymer nanoactuator, are used to deliver various permutations of two unique chemical species. Upon application of suitable redox potentials to the selected actuator, the conducting polymer is able to undergo reversible volume changes, thereby serving to release a model chemical agent in a controlled fashion through the corresponding microneedle channels. Time-lapse videos offer direct visualization and characterization of the membrane switching capability and, along with calibration investigations, confirm the ability of the device to alternate the delivery of multiple reagents from individual microneedles of the array with higher precision and temporal resolution than conventional drug delivery actuators. Analytical modeling offers prediction of the volumetric flow rate through a single microneedle and accordingly can be used to assist in the design of subsequent microneedle arrays. The robust solid-state design and lack of mechanical components circumvent reliability issues that challenge fragile conventional microelectromechanical drug delivery devices. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential of the drug delivery actuator system to aid in the rapid administration of multiple therapeutic agents and indicates the potential to counteract diverse biomedical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Valdés-Ramírez
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Joshua R. Windmiller
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Jonathan C. Claussen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Alexandra G. Martinez
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Filiz Kuralay
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Nandi Zhou
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Ronen Polsky
- Department of Biosensors and Nanomaterials, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Philip R. Miller
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7115, USA
| | - Roger Narayan
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7115, USA
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
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